内容正文:
Unit 1 Foreign friends in China!
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
高频易错点03 交际祈使句及应答句型
高频易错点01 be 动词 (am/is/are) 的肯 / 否 / 疑问句式及三单用法
高频易错点02 be 动词 (am/is/are) 的肯定 / 否定 / 一般疑问句式
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
be 动词 (am/is/are) 的肯 / 否 / 疑问句式及三单用法高频易错点01
1.语法功能:be 动词表 “是”,是单元所有交际句型的基础,需根据主语的人称和数精准搭配,无例外情况。
2.主谓搭配核心清单(单元专属,必背)
am:仅搭配主语 I(I am...),单元例句:I am a student.(我是一名学生。)/ I am from China.(我来自中国。)
is:搭配单数主语(he/she/it/ 单个人名 / 单数物品),单元例句:He is Li Ming.(他是李明。)/ This is a map.(这是一张地图。)
are:搭配复数主语(they/these/those)和第二人称 you,单元例句:You are from Canada.(你来自加拿大。)/ They are my friends.(他们是我的朋友。)
3.单元核心句式变形(必考,分类型详解)
句式
结构
单元例句(肯定→否定→疑问)
肯定句
主语 + am/is/are + 其他
I am from China.
否定句
主语 + am not/is not/are not + 其他(缩写:isn't/aren't)
I am not from China. / He isn't Li Ming. / They aren't from the UK.
一般疑问句
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他?
Am I your classmate? / Is she Jenny? / Are these maps?
4.答句规则(单元固定,避免错误)
Am I...? → Yes, you are. / No, you aren't.(单元唯一答句,不可用 I am 回应)
Is/Are...? → Yes, 主语(代词)+ is/are./ No, 主语(代词)+ isn't/aren't.(答句必须用人称代词替代人名 / 物品名)
易错点提示
1. 主谓搭配错误(×):She am Wang Hong. → 正确(√):She is Wang Hong.(she 是单数,搭配 is)
2. 否定缩写错误(×):It is not a map. → 正确(√):It isn't a map.(四年级要求掌握 isn't/aren't 缩写)
3. 疑问语序错误(×):You are from Beijing? → 正确(√):Are you from Beijing?(疑问句必须将 be 动词提前)
4. 答句代词误用(×):—Is this a pen? —Yes, this is. → 正确(√):—Yes, it is.(用 it 替代单数物品 this)
小练笔
单项选择
( ) 1. —______ you from China? —Yes, I ______.
A. Am; am B. Is; is C. Are; am
( ) 2. This ______ a map of China. Those ______ maps of the US.
A. is; are B. are; is C. is; is
( ) 3. —Is he Danny? —No, he ______. He ______ Li Ming.
A. is; isn't B. isn't; is C. aren't; are
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1. I ______ (be) from Canada. My name ______ (be) Jenny.
2. —______ (be) she from the UK? —No, she ______ (not be). She ______ (be) from China.
3. These ______ (be) my friends. They ______ (be) not from Japan.
点拨
单项选择
1. C 主语 you 搭配 are,一般疑问句用 Are 开头;答句主语 I 搭配 am,符合单元主谓搭配规则。
2. A 单数主语 this 搭配 is,复数主语 those 搭配 are,对应单元单数物品 map 和复数物品 maps,主谓一致。
3. B Is he...? 的否定回答用 No, he isn't.;后句表 “他是李明”,用 he is Li Ming,贴合单元人物名称和语法规则。
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1. am; is 主语 I 搭配 am,my name 是单数,搭配 is,单元核心主谓搭配。
2. Is; isn't; is 主语 she 是单数,疑问句用 Is 开头;否定回答用 isn't,后句表肯定用 is,均为单元人物相关句型。
3. are; are 复数主语 these 和 they 均搭配 are,否定形式为 are not(可缩写为 aren't),符合单元复数主语的语法规则。
特殊疑问句(who/where/what 引导)的用法及句型转换高频易错点02
1.语法功能:用于单元交际中询问人物、地点、姓名 / 事物,是单元最常用的疑问句型,结构固定,答句无需 Yes/No。
2.三大疑问词核心用法
三大疑问词核心用法(单元专属,一一对应)
疑问词
询问对象
核心结构
单元例句
答句规则
who
人物
Who + is + 单数主语?Who + are + 复数主语?
Who is she?(她是谁?)Who are they?(他们是谁?)
代词 + be + 单元人名(He is Li Ming.)
where
地点(来自哪里)
Where + is/are + 主语?
Where are you from?(你来自哪里?)Where is he from?(他来自哪里?)
主语 + be + 单元地点(I am from China.)
what
姓名 / 事物
What + is + 主语?
What's your name?(你叫什么名字?)What's this?(这是什么?)
My name is.../It's + 单元物品(My name is Danny./It's a map.)
3.句型转换规则(单元必考变形)
对人物提问:将原句中人物相关部分替换为 who,其余部分按 “疑问词 + be 动词 + 主语” 调整(例:She is Jenny. → Who is she?)
对地点提问:将原句中地点相关部分替换为 where,其余部分调整(例:I am from Canada. → Where are you from?)
对姓名 / 事物提问:将原句中姓名 / 事物替换为 what,其余部分调整(例:His name is Li Ming. → What's his name?)
易错点提示
1. 语序错误(×):Where you are from? → 正确(√):Where are you from?(必须遵循 “疑问词 + be 动词 + 主语”)
2. 助动词冗余(×):Do who is he? → 正确(√):Who is he?(特殊疑问句无需加助动词 do/does)
3. 答句多余 Yes(×):—What's your name? —Yes, I'm Danny. → 正确(√):I'm Danny.(直接回应,无需 Yes/No)
4. 单复数搭配错误(×):Where is they from? → 正确(√):Where are they from?(复数主语 they 搭配 are)
小练笔
单项选择
( ) 1. —______ is your name? —My name is Wang Hong.
A. Where B. What C. Who
( ) 2. —______ are these people? —They are my classmates.
A. Who B. Where C. What
( ) 3. —______ is he from? —He is from Beijing.
A. What B. Who C. Where
句型转换
1. She is Jenny.(用 who 提问)
_________________________________________________________
2. I am from Shanghai.(用 where 提问)
_________________________________________________________
3. This is a map of China.(用 what 提问)
_________________________________________________________
点拨
单项选择
1. B 询问姓名用 what,对应单元核心句型 What's your name?,固定搭配。
2. A 询问人物身份用 who,答句为单元交际中的 “同学”,符合 who 的提问对象。
3. C 询问来自哪里用 where,答句为单元地点 Beijing,贴合 where 的语法功能。
句型转换
1. Who is she? 对单元人物 Jenny 提问,用 who 引导,遵循 “疑问词 + be 动词 + 主语” 结构,无需改动其他成分。
2. Where are you from? 原句主语 I 变疑问句时需改为 you,am 对应变为 are,符合单元特殊疑问句的人称转换规则。
3. What's this? 对单元物品 a map of China 提问,用 what 引导,缩写 What's=What is,结构简洁,符合单元句型。
交际祈使句及应答句型(欢迎 / 介绍场景专项)高频易错点03
1. 语法功能:用于单元 “欢迎、介绍、邀请” 三大交际场景,无主语,以动词原形开头,表礼貌可加 Please,语气委婉自然。
2.单元核心祈使句分类(必背,无替换形式)
场景
祈使句结构
单元例句
欢迎
Welcome to + 单元地点
Welcome to China!(欢迎来到中国!)Welcome to Beijing!(欢迎来到北京!)
介绍
This is + 单元人物 / 物品
This is my friend, Li Ming.(这是我的朋友李明。)This is a map.(这是一张地图。)
邀请
Come in, please.(请进。)
Come in, please.(请进。)Let's play together.(让我们一起玩吧。)
3.应答句型固定搭配(单元专属,不可混用)
对 Welcome to...!:Thank you! / Thanks!(唯一应答,表感谢)
对 This is...(介绍):Nice to meet you! → Nice to meet you, too!(双向应答,不可省略 too)
对 Come in, please.:Thank you! / Thanks!(礼貌回应邀请)
易错点提示
1. 祈使句动词三单变形(×):Welcomes to China! → 正确(√):Welcome to China!(祈使句必须用动词原形)
2. 应答句型不匹配(×):—Welcome to Beijing! —Nice to meet you! → 正确(√):Thank you!(欢迎场景对应感谢应答)
3. 缺少介词 to(×):Welcome China! → 正确(√):Welcome to China!(Welcome 后接地点必须加 to)
4. 应答省略 too(×):—Nice to meet you! —Nice to meet you. → 正确(√):Nice to meet you, too!(单元完整应答要求,体现礼貌)
小练笔
单项选择
( ) 1. ______ to our school! It's big and beautiful.
A. Welcome B. Welcomes C. Welcoming
( ) 2. —This is my classmate, Danny. —______
A. Thank you. B. Nice to meet you! C. You're welcome.
( ) 3. ______ in, please. Let's look at the map of China.
A. Come B. Comes C. Coming
补全应答句
1. —Welcome to Shanghai! —____________!
2. —This is Jenny, our new friend. ___________! ___________!
3. —Come in, please. —____________!
点拨
单项选择
1. A 祈使句用动词原形 Welcome,Welcome to + 地点是单元固定搭配,表欢迎场景。
2. B 介绍场景的初次应答用 Nice to meet you!,符合单元交际礼仪,不可用感谢类应答。
3. A 邀请场景的祈使句用动词原形 Come,Come in, please. 是单元固定句型,无三单变化。
补全应答句
1. Thank you/Thanks 对 Welcome to...! 的唯一应答,表感谢,符合单元交际规则。
2. Nice to meet you!; Nice to meet you, too! 介绍场景的双向应答,前句为初次问候,后句为回应,必须加 too,体现单元完整交际流程。
3. Thank you/Thanks 对邀请句型的礼貌回应,简洁自然,符合单元应答习惯。
综合训练
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1. I ______ (be) from China. ______ (I) name is Li Ming.
2. —______ (be) she Jenny? —No, she ______ (not be). She ______ (be) Wang Hong.
3. ______ (welcome) to Beijing! This is ______ (we) new school.
4. —Where ______ (be) they from? —They ______ (be) from Canada.
5. This ______ (be) ______ (he) friend. ______ (he) is Danny.
6. ______ (she) name is Amy. She ______ (be) not from the UK.
二、单项选择
( )1. —______ is your name? —My name is Danny.
A. Where B. What C. Who
( )2. I ______ a student. ______ mother is a teacher.
A. am; My B. is; Her C. are; I
( )3. —______ are you from? —I'm from Shanghai.
A. Who B. Where C. What
( )4. —Is this a map of China? —______ , it isn't. It's a map of the US.
A. Yes B. No C. Sorry
( )5. ______ to China! We are glad to see you.
A. Welcome B. Welcomes C. Welcoming
( )6. —Who is ______ ? —______ is Li Ming.
A. he; He B. she; He C. his; Him
( )7. —Nice to meet you! —______
A. Thank you. B. Nice to meet you, too. C. I'm fine.
( )8. —______ this ______ book? —Yes, it is.
A. Is; your B. Are; my C. Is; you
( )9. They ______ from Japan. They ______ from South Korea.
A. are; aren't B. is; isn't C. are; is
( )10. —Come in, please. —______
A. Nice to meet you! B. Thank you! C. You're welcome.
三、改错(每句一处错误)
1. He am from Canada.
_________________________________________________________
2. What is you name?
_________________________________________________________
3. Welcomes to Beijing!
_________________________________________________________
4. —Is she Jenny? —Yes, Jenny is.
_________________________________________________________
5. This is my. It's a map.
_________________________________________________________
6. Where you are from?
_________________________________________________________
7. —Welcome to China! —Nice to meet you!
_________________________________________________________
8. Her is Wang Hong. She is from China.
_________________________________________________________
四、句型转换
1. I am from China.(改为否定句)
_________________________________________________________
2. She is Jenny.(用 who 提问)
_________________________________________________________
3. This is a map of China.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
_________________________________________________________
4. My name is Li Ming.(用 what 提问)
_________________________________________________________
5. They are from Canada.(改为否定句)
_________________________________________________________
6. Am I your friend?(作肯定回答)
_________________________________________________________
7. This is my friend, Danny.(补全交际应答)
_________________________________________________________
8. You are from Shanghai.(改为一般疑问句)
_________________________________________________________
五、补全对话
A: Hello! Good morning.
B: Good morning!
A: 1. ______ is your name?
B: My name is Li Ming. 2. ______ are you from?
A: I'm from Canada. And you?
B: I'm from China. 3. ______ to China!
A: 4. ______ you! This is 5. ______ (I) friend, Jenny.
B: Hello, Jenny. 6. ______ to meet you!
Jenny: 7. ______ to meet you, 8. ______!
B: 9. ______ (be) you from Canada, too?
Jenny: Yes, I 10. ______.
参考答案
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1.am; My 2. Is; isn't; is 3. Welcome; our 4. are; are 5. is; his; He 6. Her; is
详细解析:
1. am; My 主语 I 搭配 am,修饰名词 name 用 my,首字母大写,符合单元姓名介绍句型。
2. Is; isn't; is 主语 she 是单数,疑问句用 Is 开头;否定回答用 isn't,后句表肯定用 is,均围绕单元人物 Jenny 和 Wang Hong,主谓一致。
3. Welcome; our 祈使句用动词原形 Welcome,首字母大写;修饰名词 school 用 our(我们的),符合单元介绍场景。
4. are; are 复数主语 they 搭配 are,否定形式为 are not(可缩写为 aren't),对应单元地点 Canada,语法正确。
5. is; his; He 单数主语 this 搭配 is,修饰名词 friend 用 his;第二空作主语用 he,区分物主代词和普通代词,贴合单元人物 Danny。
6. Her; is 修饰名词 name 用 her,首字母大写;主语 she 搭配 is,否定形式为 is not(缩写为 isn't),符合单元女性人物 Amy 的相关表达。
二、单项选择
1.B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. B
详细解析:
1. B 询问姓名用 what,对应单元核心句型 What's your name?,固定搭配,无需其他疑问词。
2. A 主语 I 搭配 am,修饰名词 mother 用 my,表 “我的妈妈”,符合单元物主代词用法和主谓搭配规则。
3. B 询问来自哪里用 where,答句为单元地点 Shanghai,语法功能匹配。
4. B Is this...? 的否定回答用 No, it isn't.,后句补充单元物品 a map of the US,逻辑连贯。
5. A 祈使句用动词原形 Welcome,Welcome to China! 是单元核心欢迎句型,无三单变化。
6. A 问句主语用 he,答句也用 he,指代单元人物 Li Ming,代词前后一致。
7. B 介绍场景的固定应答,Nice to meet you! 对应 Nice to meet you, too!,不可用其他应答。
8. A 单数主语 this 搭配 is,修饰名词 book 用 your,一般疑问句结构为 Is this your book?,符合单元物品询问句型。
9. A 复数主语 they 搭配 are,否定形式为 aren't,前后句逻辑一致,符合单元地点表达。
10. B 对邀请句型 Come in, please. 的礼貌回应用 Thank you!,符合单元应答规则。
三、改错
1. am→is (he 是单数,搭配 is,单元主谓一致规则)
2. you→your (修饰名词 name 用 your,单元物主代词用法)
3. Welcomes→Welcome (祈使句用动词原形,单元核心规则)
4. Jenny is→she is (答句用人称代词 she 替代人名 Jenny,单元答句规则)
5. my→my map (物主代词 my 后需接单元名词 map,不可单独使用)
6. you are→are you (特殊疑问句遵循 “疑问词 + be 动词 + 主语”,单元语序规则)
7. Nice to meet you!→Thank you/Thanks (欢迎场景对应感谢应答,单元交际规则)
8. Her→She (作主语用 she,her 是物主代词,需修饰名词,单元代词用法)
四、句型转换
1. I'm not from China. (am 的否定形式为 I'm not,单元基础变形,无需额外助动词)
2. Who is she? (对单元人物 Jenny 提问,用 who 引导,结构固定,符合单元特殊疑问句规则)
3. —Is this a map of China? —No, it isn't. (be 动词 is 提前造疑问句,否定回答用 it isn't,单元固定答句)
4. What's your name? (对姓名提问用 what,I 变 you,my 变 your,单元核心句型变形)
5. They aren't from Canada. (are 的否定缩写为 aren't,单元复数主语的否定句规则)
6. Yes, you are. (Am I...? 的固定肯定回答,单元唯一答句,不可用 I am 回应)
7. Nice to meet you! (介绍场景的初次应答,单元固定交际句型)
8. Are you from Shanghai? (主语 you 搭配 are,be 动词提前造疑问句,单元一般疑问句变形规则)
五、补全对话
1.What 2. Where 3. Welcome 4. Thank 5. my 6. Nice 7. Nice 8. too 9. Are 10. am
详细解析:
1. What 询问姓名用 what,对应单元核心句型 What's your name?,开启对话。
2. Where 询问来自哪里用 where,承接上文姓名询问,符合单元交际逻辑。
3. Welcome 单元核心欢迎句型 Welcome to China!,表对对方的欢迎。
4. Thank 对 Welcome to...! 的回应,Thank you! 简洁礼貌,符合单元应答规则。
5. my 修饰名词 friend 用 my,表 “我的朋友”,单元物主代词用法。
6. Nice 介绍场景的初次问候,Nice to meet you! 是单元固定表达。
7. Nice 回应对方的问候,保持句型一致,体现交际礼貌。
8. too 完整应答需加 too,表 “我也很高兴认识你”,单元交际礼仪要求。
9. Are 主语 you 搭配 are,一般疑问句用 Are 开头,询问对方来自哪里。
10. am Are you...? 的肯定回答用 Yes, I am.,单元固定答句,主谓一致。
第 1 页 共 14 页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$