Unit 6 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版）

Unit 6　Disaster and hope Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The gardener attempted to use a long 　　　　(管子) to water the plants in the backyard.  2.(2025黑龙江牡丹江期末)The volunteers aim to help victims of 　　　　(灾难) regardless of their race or nationality.  3.She was completely unaware of the 　　　　(台风) warnings until the storm hit her city.  4.Experts warned the residents that the volcano could e　　　　 at any time.  Ⅱ.一词多义 A.adj.(用于数字后面表示)多,余　B.prep.加 C.n.优势,好处　D.conj.而且,此外 1.She has a great sense of humor, plus she's always ready to lend a helping hand. 　　　  2.One of the pluses of living in the country is being able to breathe fresh air. 　　　  3.(2024新课标Ⅰ)It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.　　　　  4.They have lived in that house for 30 years plus.　　　  Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1.(2024北京)I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an　　　　　(announce).  2.With the wind picking up, the captain 　　　　　(immediate) ordered the sails to be lowered to ensure the safety of the ship.  3.Despite many dangers and challenges on the way up the mountain, the climbers finally made 　　　　　 to the top of the mountain.  4.(易错题)(2025新课标Ⅰ)Similar campaigns 　　　　　(occur) in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.   Ⅳ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) as well as; look through; after all; a crowd of; step out of 　　On a sunny morning, I 1.　　　　　　 my home to enjoy the sun. 2.　　　　　　 people filled the park, all enjoying the warm weather. Suddenly, I spotted a wallet on the ground and quickly picked it up. I 3.　　　　　　 the contents in order to find some information about its owner but didn't find any. I decided to wait until its owner returned. 4.　　　　　　, the owner must be very anxious.  Ⅴ.完成句子 1.紧张地环顾四周,他试图在人群中找到一张熟悉的面孔。(非谓语动词作状语) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, he tried to find a familiar face in the crowd.(读后续写—动作描写)  2.她怀着沉重的心情告别了她的家乡。(with短语) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, she said goodbye to her hometown.(读后续写—心理描写)  3.想到能再次见到他,我既紧张又兴奋。(make+宾语+宾语补足语) The thought of seeing him again 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(读后续写—心理描写)  4.他突然想到,宽恕不仅仅是原谅别人,更是解放自己。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 forgiveness is not just about pardoning others, but also about freeing oneself.(occur)  ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 forgiveness is not just about pardoning others, but also about freeing oneself.(strike)  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 　　Today in London, the temperature is expected to reach 30 plus degrees, much 　1　(high) than the usual high temperature of 22 degrees in July. The heat is particularly unbearable on the Central Line, 　2　 is one of the oldest and deepest lines, lacking any air conditioning.  　　Walking down the stairs and onto the platform 　3　(feel) like jumping into a volcano. Inside the train, where temperatures hit 35 degrees, the heat makes me feel like I'm melting in a crowd of 　4　(passenger). The sweltering conditions make me think about climate change and its increasing impact, 　5　(include) necessary future adaptation like perhaps moving my office to a higher floor 　6　(avoid) potential flooding or learning to swim.  　　News reports in my newspaper indicate that this isn't just 　7　local issue—disasters related to extreme weather are happening 　8　(global), caused by climate change. There 　9　(be) destructive typhoons in Asia, heavy rain causing landslides in Eastern Europe, and the heat leading to forest fires in Southern Europe.  　　Arriving at my destination 　10　stepping out, I feel less anxious, because a refreshing breeze relieves my concerns. Maybe the situation is not as bad as it feels inside the hot tube—after all, it is only a 30-degree day.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024江西新余一中开学考试) 　　In recent years, the world 　1　(see) a number of natural disasters: hurricanes in the Caribbean and southern U.S., earthquakes in Mexico, typhoons in the southeast of China and landslides in southern Asia. These 　2　(event) brought damage to communities. They also brought questions about what we can do to prepare 　3　(we) for similar events. The best thing to do when you are facing a coming natural disaster is to pay attention to your area's evacuation notices and take advantage of evacuation help. However, 　4　 is possible to be caught in an unexpected emergency. When 　5　(face) with those situations, what should you do to stay safe? How can you be better prepared? Every family should have an emergency plan 　6　 addresses the most likely disasters in their area. Practical survival skills should also be part of every family's plan. These skills need to be learned and practiced before things get hard. This is because you 　7　(simple) won't have time to read a survival book during 　8　 emergency. 　9　(stay) calm is the most important thing a person can do during any emergency. A little fear is a natural and healthy response to a scary event. But when fear runs unchecked, a person may make dangerous choices. It is difficult to stay calm in 　10　(frighten) situations, but it can be done.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   Ⅲ.阅读理解 A (2025河北保定六校期中联考) 　　On Sept. 21 in Mount Pleasant Township, Pennsylvania, a residence was burning with a girl trapped on the second story. Elijah Hale, a volunteer firefighter since his early teenage years, was able to be on the scene before other first responders got there, and his head start saved the life of that girl. “I knew something was not right, and I found out that there was a girl trapped up there,” Elijah said. “The smoke had filled the entire house.” 　　He was able to quickly locate a ladder and use it to rescue the girl from the fiery house, according to a post from the Irishtown Fire Company. 　　“Elijah Hale,” the company posted shortly after the rescue, “a member of the Irishtown Fire Company, came upon tonight's house fire on Bender Road, and utilized a ladder, climbing up to the second floor, and rescuing a trapped resident.” 　　“Our company is proud of his quick thinking, and willingness to take action without the benefit of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) or other firemen on the scene. His quick action undoubtedly saved a life. Well done, Elijah.” 　　Elijah isn't taking all the credit, though, pointing out that the girl had done some quick thinking of her own that very likely saved her life, too. “I believe she found a guitar and used that to break the storm window,” he said. “If she hadn't done that, the longer she was exposed to that smoke, the worse off it would have been for her.” 　　The whole ordeal(磨难) was over within minutes and as soon as he got her out, the rescue workers arrived, so he left her with them. 　　“It's a blur(模糊的记忆). I mean it was probably 30 seconds from the time I pulled up to the time I got the ladder, and another 30 seconds till she was out of the house and outside,” he recalled. 1.What do we know about Elijah Hale from the first paragraph? A.He was sent by the fire company.　　B.A resident asked him for help. C.Other responders got him there.　　D.He came across the incident by accident. 2.What does the underlined word “utilized” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A.Produced.　　　B.Used.　　　C.Bought.　　　D.Managed. 3.Which of the following words can best describe Elijah Hale? A.Brave and modest.　　B.Proud and serious. C.Generous and smart.　　D.Pitying and strong. 4.What can we infer about the girl from the passage? A.She caused the fire carelessly.　　B.She did some self-rescue herself. C.She waited for firemen to save her.　　D.She avoided being exposed to smoke. B (2025河南郑州一中期中) 　　Animals appear to predict earthquakes by sensing electricity in the air—the first study to find reliable evidence of the phenomenon has shown. 　　Cameras showed an “amazing” drop in the number of animals up to 23 days before a major quake hit their rainforest home at Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park in Peru. Lead scientist Dr Rachel Grant, from Anglia Ruskin University, said, “The results showed that just before the earthquake, animals' activity dropped significantly.” 　　On a normal day the cameras placed around Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park record between 5 and 15 animals. But in the 23 days before the earthquake, the number of animals dropped to five or fewer per day. No animals were photographed at all on five of the seven days immediately before the quake. 　　Another study showed that animal activity remained normal in the park over a different period when seismic(地震的) activity was low. Co-author, Professor Friedemann Freund, said, “The cameras were located at an altitude of 900 meters. If air ionization(电离) occurred, the animals would escape to the valley below, where there were fewer positive ions(离子). With their ability to sense their environment, animals can help us understand small changes that occur before major earthquakes.” 　　Other evidence suggested that before the earthquake, the air around the high mountain sites is filled with positive ions that can be produced when rocks are placed under stress. Positive ions have been known to cause ill effects on humans as well as animals. Scientists believe the animals were made to feel uncomfortable by the positive ions, leading them to avoid the area. They are thought to have escaped to lower ground, where the air was less ionized. The findings may help experts develop better short-term seismic forecasts. 5.How did scientists conduct the study? A.By comparing different animals' habits.　　B.By observing animals in high mountains. C.By explaining the positive ion phenomenon.　　D.By analyzing the photos of animals they obtained. 6.What can be inferred from animal activity before earthquakes? A.The ground at a lower altitude is less ionized. B.Cameras normally record more animals per day. C.Earthquake warnings can be detected in lower places. D.The activity of animals and earthquakes is consistent. 7.What can we learn from the text? A.The findings make for long-term seismic forecasts. B.Animals tend to be uneasy about more positive ions. C.Positive ions make humans and animals nervous. D.All the animals remain abnormal before the earthquake. 8.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Negative Influence of Positive Ions　　B.Ions' Destruction to the Environment C.Animals' Behavior Before Earthquakes　　D.Creatures' Ability to Predict Natural Disasters 答案与分层梯度式解析 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.tube　2.disasters　3.typhoon　4.erupt Ⅱ.1.D　句意:她很有幽默感,而且她总是乐于伸出援手。 2.C　句意:住在乡下的好处之一是能呼吸到新鲜的空气。 3.B　句意:它包含大约163,000个单词,加上单词组合和习语短语。 4.A　句意:他们已经在那所房子里住了三十多年了。 Ⅲ.1.announcement　考查名词。句意:我正在教室里看书,这时有一则通知。根据空前不定冠词an可知,此处应用单数名词,设空处意为“通知,公告”,故填announcement。 2.immediately　考查副词。句意:随着风力的增强,船长立即下令降帆,以确保船只的安全。本空修饰动词ordered,应用副词形式。故填immediately。 3.it　考查代词。句意:尽管在上山的路上有许多危险和挑战,登山者们最终还是成功到达了山顶。make it to意为“成功抵达;赶上”。 4.occurred　考查时态。句意:在20世纪60年代末和70年代,澳大利亚也开展了类似的运动。该空在句中充当谓语,根据时间状语in the late 1960s and 1970s可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填occurred。 方法归纳 　　以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾的辅音字母再加-ed变过去式。例如:stop→stopped;plan→planned;admit→admitted;regret→regretted;nod→nodded;chat→chatted;permit→permitted;prefer→preferred;refer→referred。 Ⅳ.1.stepped out of　2.A crowd of　3.looked through 4.After all Ⅴ.1.Looking around nervously　2.With a heavy heart　3.made me nervous and excited　4.①It occurred to him that　②It struck him that 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.higher　考查比较级。句意:今天,伦敦的气温预计将超过30度,比7月份通常的高温22度高得多。根据空后的than可知,本空应用比较级形式。故填higher。 2.which　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:中央线的高温尤其难以忍受,这是最古老、最深的线路之一,没有任何空调。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Central Line,本空在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词which。 3.feels　考查时态及主谓一致。句意:走下楼梯上站台感觉就像跳进火山。根据上下文时态可知,本空应用一般现在时,且句子主语为动名词短语,表示单数意义,故本空应用第三人称单数形式feels。 4.passengers　考查名词复数。句意:在火车里,温度高达35度,高温让我感觉自己正在一群乘客中融化。根据空前a crowd of可知,本空应用名词复数形式。故填passengers。 5.including　考查介词。句意:酷热难耐的环境让我思考气候变化及其日益严重的影响,包括未来必要的适应措施,比如或许可以把我的办公室搬到更高的楼层,以避免潜在的洪水或学习游泳。根据句意可知,此处应填介词including,意为“包括”。including作介词一般用在逗号后面或者冒号的前面。 6.to avoid　考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。本空在句中作目的状语,应用不定式形式。故填to avoid。 7.a　考查冠词。句意:我的报纸中的新闻报道表明,这不仅仅是一个地方的问题——气候变化导致的与极端天气有关的灾难正在全球范围内发生。此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且local的发音以辅音音素开头,故应用不定冠词a。 8.globally　考查副词。句意参考上题。本空修饰are happening,应用副词形式。故填globally。 9.are　考查时态及主谓一致。句意:亚洲有破坏性台风,东欧有暴雨导致山体滑坡,南欧有高温引发森林火灾。本句阐述客观事实,应用一般现在时。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由离其最近的主语决定,空后名词typhoons为复数形式,故本空应填are。 10.and　考查连词。句意:到达我的目的地,走出去,我感觉不那么焦虑了,因为一阵清爽的微风缓解了我的担忧。本空前后均为现在分词短语,两者之间为顺承关系,故本空应用连词and。 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来世界各地发生的自然灾害,并指出这些事件给社区带来的破坏和引发的关于应急准备的疑问。 【高频词汇】　1.take advantage of利用　2.survival skill生存技能　3.response n.反应　4.unchecked adj.不受限制的,不加约束的 【差距词汇】　evacuation n.疏散,撤离 1.has seen　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:近年来,世界上发生了许多自然灾害:加勒比海地区和美国南部的飓风、墨西哥的地震、中国东南部的台风和南亚的山体滑坡。根据时间状语In recent years可知,本空应用现在完成时,主语the world为第三人称单数,故填has seen。 2.events　考查名词复数。句意:这些事件给社区带来了破坏。根据空前These可知,本空应用名词复数形式。故填events。 3.ourselves　考查反身代词。句意:它们也引发了关于我们能做什么来使自己为类似事件做好准备的疑问。prepare oneself for...意为“让自己为……做好准备”,故本空应用反身代词。故填ourselves。 4.it　考查it作形式主语。句意:然而,也有可能遇到意想不到的紧急情况。分析句子可知,此处应用it作形式主语,不定式“to be caught...emergency”作真正的主语。 5.faced　考查状语从句的省略。句意:当面对那些情况时,你应该做些什么来保持安全?此处为状语从句的省略,其完整形式为:When you are faced with those situations,此处省略了you are。故填过去分词faced。 易错归因 　　在做本题时,学生会认为逻辑主语you与动词face“面对”之间为主动关系,而错填facing。注意:设空处后有介词with,构成固定短语be faced with,意为“面对,面临”。当主句主语与从句主语相同,且从句中含用be动词时,可省略从句主语和be动词,因此本空填faced。若空后无介词with,则该空填facing。 6.which/that　考查定语从句。句意:每个家庭都应该有一个应急预案,以应对他们所在地区最可能发生的灾害。设空处为定语从句的关系词,先行词为an emergency plan(指物),关系词在定语从句中作主语,故此处应用关系代词which或that引导定语从句。 7.simply　考查副词。句意:这是因为你根本没有时间在紧急情况下阅读生存书籍。本空修饰动词,故应用副词simply作状语。 8.an　考查冠词。句意参考上题。空后名词emergency在此处为可数名词单数,此处表示泛指,且emergency的发音以元音音素开头,故本空应用不定冠词an。 9.Staying　考查非谓语动词。句意:在任何紧急情况下,保持冷静是一个人能做的最重要的事情。本空在句中作主语,表示一般行为,应用动名词形式。故填Staying。 10.frightening　考查形容词。句意:在可怕的情况下保持冷静是困难的,但这是可以做到的。设空处修饰名词situations,应用形容词形式,此处表示“令人恐惧的”,故填frightening。 知识拓展 　　frighten的形容词还有frightened,表示“受惊的,害怕的”,常用于描述人的心理状态或修饰与人有关的词,如look、 face、 expression等。 Ⅲ.A ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国宾夕法尼亚州志愿消防员Elijah Hale在无个人防护设备和其他消防人员的情况下,果断采取行动营救家中起火的女孩。 【高频词汇】　1.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入困境　2.on the scene在场,到场　3.locate v.找到;确定……的准确位置　4.take action采取行动　5.undoubtedly adv.无疑,肯定　6.point out指出　7.be exposed to暴露于 8.pull up 慢慢停下;停车 【熟词生义】　credit 熟义:n.赊购,信贷;信用　生义:n.赞扬;称赞;认可 【差距词汇】　1.residence n.住所;住房　2.first responder第一急救者　3.head start起步前的优势　4.fiery adj.熊熊燃烧的 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“I knew something was not right, and I found out that there was a girl trapped up there”和第三段中“came upon tonight's house fire”可知,Elijah Hale是偶然遇到这次火灾的。故选D。 2.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“a ladder, climbing up to the second floor, and rescuing a trapped resident”以及第二段中的“locate a ladder and use it to rescue the girl”可知,此处说的是他使用梯子去救女孩。画线词“utilized”的意思是“使用”,故选B。 3.A　推理判断题。Elijah Hale从燃烧的房子里救出被困的女孩,说明他勇敢;再根据第五段中“Elijah isn't taking all the credit”可知,Elijah并没有把所有的功劳都归于自己,由此推断出,他很谦虚。故选A。 4.B　推理判断题。根据第五段中“I believe she found a guitar and used that to break the storm window”可推断,在Elijah Hale救出女孩之前,女孩也进行了自救。故选B。 B ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,动物似乎通过感应空气中的电流来预测地震。 【高频词汇】　1.predict v.预测　2.drop n.& v.降低,减少 3.normal adj.正常的→abnormal adj.不正常的　4.at an altitude of在……海拔上　5.be filled with充满 【熟词生义】　positive 熟义:adj.积极的　生义:adj.正电的;正极的 5.D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知,与平时相比,在地震前摄像机捕捉到的动物的图像的数量是有所变化的。由此可知,科学家是通过分析他们获得的动物图像进行这项研究的。故选D。 6.A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Scientists believe the animals were made to feel uncomfortable by the positive ions, leading them to avoid the area. They are thought to have escaped to lower ground, where the air was less ionized.”可知,从地震前的动物活动中可以推断出海拔较低的地面电离程度较低。故选A。 7.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Scientists believe the animals were made to feel uncomfortable by the positive ions, leading them to avoid the area.”可知,动物往往对较多的正离子感到不安。B项中的“uneasy”与文中的“uncomfortable”对应。故选B。 易错归因 　　本题易错选C项。最后一段提到正离子对人类和动物有“ill effects”,但C项中的“nervous”属于过度推断。原文未明确说明正离子导致“紧张”,而是强调“不适”,因此C项与原文表述不符。 8.C　主旨大意题。全文围绕动物在地震前的行为变化展开,科学家通过摄像机记录到动物数量下降,并解释这与感知正离子相关。因此C项“地震前动物的行为”最适合作这篇文章的标题。故选C。 易错归因 　　本题易错选D项。D项中的“Natural Disasters”范围过大,文中仅讨论地震预测,而非预测所有自然灾害,因此C项更适合作本文的标题。 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $