Unit 8 高考真题练（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第三册（北师大版）

高考真题练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025浙江1月,C) A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers(化肥) and power tools, it's based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly(模块化). In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf's gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife. Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail, from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. It takes a lot of thought to look this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first consideration. Led by the concept of “right plant, right place,” they match plants that enjoy the same soil, sun and weather conditions, and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden's ecology can develop well. Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. 篇章结构图 1.What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.Running out of.　　　B.Keeping away from. C.Putting up with.　　　D.Taking advantage of. 2.Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced? A.To control weeds in large gardens.　　　 B.To bring in foreign species of plants. C.To conserve soil and water resources.　　　 D.To develop low-maintenance parkland. 3.Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf's gardens? A.Traditional.　　B.Odd-looking.　　C.Tasteful.　　D.Well-protected. 4.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A.The future of gardening is WILD　　　 B.Nature treats all lives as EQUALS C.Matrix gardens need more CARE　　　 D.Old garden plots work WONDERS 高考词汇站 派生/合成词汇 1.popular adj.流行的→ 　　　　 n.流行→ 　　　　 v.使普及;推广  2.elegant adj.优雅的→ 　　　　 adv.优雅地  3.maintain v.维持;维修;保养→　　　　 n.维护;保养  4.cooperate v.合作→ 　　　　 adj.合作的  5.consider v.考虑→ 　　　　n.考虑  6.dramatic adj.突然的,巨大的;急剧的→ 　　　　adv.大幅地,显著地;急剧地  7.absorb v.吸收→　　　　n.吸收  8.worldwide adv.　　　  9.year-round adv.　　　  10.odd-looking adj.　　　  11.runoff n.　　  熟词生义 12.novel adj.　　　　13.garden v.　　　　 14.group v.　　　　  B (2023新课标Ⅰ,B) When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 5.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.He was fond of traveling.　　　B.He enjoyed being alone. C.He had an inquiring mind.　　　D.He longed to be a doctor. 6.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A.To feed the animals.　　　B.To build an ecosystem. C.To protect the plants.　　　D.To test the eco-machine. 7.What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A.To review John's research plans.　　　 B.To show an application of John's idea. C.To compare John's different jobs.　　　 D.To erase doubts about John's invention. 8.What is the basis for John's work? A.Nature can repair itself.　　　B.Organisms need water to survive. C.Life on Earth is diverse.　　D.Most tiny creatures live in groups. 高考词汇站 派生/合成词汇 1.harm n.& v.伤害,损害→　　　　 adj.有害的  2.combine v.组合,联合→　　　　 n.结合,联合  3.ecology n.生态,生态学→　　　　 adj.生态的,生态学的  4.cancer-causing adj.　　　　　　　　　  5.eco-machine n.　　　  6.fiberglass n.　　　  7.greenhouse-like adj.　　　  8.self-repair v.　　　  熟词生义 9.spare adj.　　　  Ⅱ.七选五 (2021全国甲) Swap, Don't Shop! You keep hearing about recycling, right?But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?　1　. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.  A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do!Here are a few pointers. ●Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 　2　, and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.  ●　3　. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.  ●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 　4　. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.  ●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 　5　. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!  A.Less people than that B.Hold a clothing swap C.If two people are competing D.Just keep music playing throughout E.Donate whatever clothes are left over F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  高考词汇站 派生词汇 1.select v.挑选→　　　　 n.挑选  2.obvious adj.明显的,显然的→　　　　 adv.明显地,显然地  3.controllable adj.可控的→　　　　 adj.无法控制的  4.usable adj.可用的→　　　　 adj.可重复使用的  熟词生义 5.score v.　　　  答案与分层梯度式解析 高考真题练 Ⅰ.A ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种在全球逐渐流行的新型园艺设计方法——矩阵式种植。 【篇章结构图】　1.Nature　2.German　3.planned 4.inputs　5.increase 1.B　词义猜测题。画线词所在句中it指代上文的矩阵式种植。根据“it's based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does”可知,矩阵式种植遵循的原则是以更像自然的方式进行园艺种植。在自然方式下,植物的生长并不依赖化肥和电动工具。由此推断,Eschewing意为“避免;不使用”。故选B。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段首句“The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.(这个概念诞生于二战后,德国的城市规划者试图以一种可重复的方式大面积种植绿地,这种方式只需要最低限度的维护)”可知,引入矩阵式种植是为了开发低维护成本的绿地。故选D。 3.C　推理判断题。根据题干关键词Piet Oudolf's gardens定位到第三段。根据“adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form”可知,花园巧妙运用色彩与形状的同时为植物组合增添了艺术气息。结合“Beautiful year-round”“enjoy the smallest detail”“the sound of grasses”和“the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads”可以得出,Piet Oudolf的花园优美、有品位(Tasteful)。 4.A　主旨大意题。文章开篇介绍了一种在全球逐渐流行的新型园艺设计方法——矩阵式种植,这种方式遵循更接近自然的种植原则。下文讲述了矩阵式种植概念的起源,园艺师和设计师Piet Oudolf的花园对这种种植方式的推广以及对矩阵式种植的评价。由此可以看出,这篇文章围绕矩阵式种植这种新园艺方式展开。A项(The future of gardening is WILD)中“WILD”体现了矩阵式种植方式类似自然种植的特点,且文中提到该方式在全球越来越受欢迎,暗示了它可能是园艺未来的发展方向,A项与文章主旨相符。故选A。 【高考词汇站】　1.popularity;popularize　2.elegantly 3.maintenance　4.cooperative　5.consideration 6.dramatically　7.absorption 　8.在世界各地　9.全年地 10.外表怪异的　11.径流,溢流　12.新奇的　13.做园艺工作　14.(使)成组,把……分组 B ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了爱探索的约翰设计制造具有污水净化功能的生态机器,此机器有助于生态恢复,此后约翰投身于名为“生态设计”的事业中。 长难句 原句　With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. 分析　本句是主从复合句。he figured为主句的主语和谓语;maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did是宾语从句;nature did是定语从句,其先行词是way,省略了关系词that/in which。 译文　他认为,通过正确的动植物组合,也许他可以像大自然那样清理废物。 5.C　推理判断题。根据第一段首句、末句并结合第二段中“After...chemicals?”可推断出约翰从小到大爱探索、爱观察、有好奇心而且爱问问题,所以他具有很强的探究精神。 6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge.”和第四段内容可知,约翰把污泥放进箱子是为了测试他建造的生态机器是否起作用。根据第三段中“Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.”可知,约翰把污泥放进箱子之前,这些生物就形成了自己的生态系统,故B项错误。 7.B　推理判断题。根据第五段内容(这些年来,约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施,可以处理来自南伯林顿1,600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器,用来清洁中国东南部城市福州的灌溉渠水。)可推断出,提到福州是为了展示约翰的想法在净化水方面的应用。 8.A　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物放在新联系中,观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展出自己的自我修复的方式。)”可知大自然自我修复的功能是约翰的工作的基础。 【高考词汇站】　1.harmful　2.combination 3.ecological　4.致癌的　5.生态机器　6.玻璃纤维 7.类似温室的　8.自我修复　9.备用的 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。作者主要描述了如何通过交换衣服实现保护环境的目的。 1.B　细节句。设空处前一句提出问题,设空处应该作出回答,根据标题中的Swap及第一段中不断出现的关键词clothing,我们可以快速锁定B项,设空处后一句中的代词It指的是交换衣服这件事。 2.A　细节句。根据设空处前句提到的“邀请5至10人”及设空处后面的“there may not be enough things to choose from”及“more than that”可知,“邀请5至10人”与A选项“Less people than that”相呼应,that指代“5至10人”这一信息,“there may not be enough things to choose from”则是“Less people than that”所产生的后果,与“it becomes uncontrollable”形成对比。 3.G　主旨句。设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致,即应是祈使句。G选项中的everyone与设空处后句的主语They相对应。此外,设空处后句的also表明前后是并列关系,说明此空有与prepare相关的动作,这一点与选项G中的“bring clean clothes in good condition”相符。 4.F　细节句。设空处前句表示将不同类型的衣服放置在房间的不同表面上,此处表示让前来交换衣服的朋友们将自己带来的衣服放置在正确的位置。前句中的“Put...on different surfaces”对应了F选项中的“put...in the right spots”,surfaces和spots都是位置,前后句之间衔接十分紧密,顺承关系明显。 5.D　细节句。由空后的And可知,前后应该是并列关系,再结合后句的句意“不要忘记准备好一些曲奇饼和水果”以及“Remember, it's a party!”可知,此处是与party相关的内容,选项D“让音乐一直播放着”符合语境。 【高考词汇站】　1.selection　2.obviously 3.uncontrollable　4.reusable　5.取得 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $