2026届高考英语长难句图解分析讲义

2026届高考英语长难句图解分析第五期讲义 A psychologist eventually identified her condition as dyslexia, a learning disorder that affects a person’s ability to read, write, and spell despite normal intelligence.（山西省2026届高三第一次模拟考试 阅读理解B篇） 图解分析： 句子 ├── 主句：A psychologist eventually identified her condition as dyslexia │ ├── 主语：A psychologist │ ├── 谓语：identified │ ├── 宾语：her condition │ ├── 宾语补足语：as dyslexia │ └── [逗号分隔，引出同位语] │ └── 同位语：a learning disorder └── 定语从句：that affects a person's ability to read, write, and spell despite normal intelligence ├── 关系代词：that (指代 learning disorder，在从句中作主语) ├── 从句谓语：affects ├── 从句宾语：a person's ability │ └── 动词不定式短语作后置定语：to read, write, and spell │ └── 修饰 ability，说明是哪方面的能力 └── 让步状语：despite normal intelligence 中文翻译： 一位心理学家最终将她的状况确定为阅读障碍，这是一种学习障碍，会影响一个人在智力正常的情况下阅读、写作和拼写的能力。 Fluent readers sometimes think of dyslexia as a tendency to put letters in the wrong order, but it’s more complicated than that, involving difficulties not only with reading and writing but also with pronouncing new words, recalling known words, recognizing rhymes, dividing words into syllables, and comprehending written material.（山西省2026届高三第一次模拟考试 阅读理解B篇） 图解分析： 句子 (由并列连词 but 连接的两个并列分句) ├── 分句1：Fluent readers sometimes think of dyslexia as a tendency to put letters in the wrong order │ ├── 主语：Fluent readers │ ├── 谓语：think of │ ├── 宾语：dyslexia │ ├── 宾语补足语：as a tendency │ │ └── 动词不定式短语作后置定语：to put letters in the wrong order │ │ └── 修饰 tendency，说明是什么样的倾向 │ └── 状语：sometimes │ └── 分句2：it's more complicated than that, involving difficulties not only with reading and writing but also with pronouncing new words, recalling known words, recognizing rhymes, dividing words into syllables, and comprehending written material ├── 主句：it's more complicated than that │ ├── 主语：it │ ├── 系动词：'s (is) │ └── 表语：more complicated │ └── 比较状语：than that │ └── 伴随状语（现在分词短语）：involving difficulties not only with reading and writing but also with pronouncing new words, recalling known words, recognizing rhymes, dividing words into syllables, and comprehending written material ├── 核心：involving difficulties └── 后置定语（介词短语）：not only with A but also with B, C, D, E, and F ├── A: reading and writing ├── B: pronouncing new words ├── C: recalling known words ├── D: recognizing rhymes ├── E: dividing words into syllables └── F: comprehending written material 中文翻译： 流利的读者有时认为阅读障碍是一种把字母顺序搞错的倾向，但它比这复杂得多，涉及的困难不仅包括阅读和写作，还包括发新词的音、回忆已知单词、识别押韵、划分音节以及理解书面材料。 Because a common strategy for avoiding the embarrassment of reading aloud is to act in a way that results in being sent to the principal’s office, dyslexic students are often treated primarily as discipline problems rather than as students with a learning disability.（山西省2026届高三第一次模拟考试 阅读理解B篇） 图解分析： 句子 ├── 原因状语从句：Because a common strategy for avoiding the embarrassment of reading aloud is to act in a way that results in being sent to the principal's office │ ├── 从句主语：a common strategy │ │ └── 后置定语（介词短语）：for avoiding the embarrassment of reading aloud │ │ └── 修饰 strategy，说明是什么的策略 │ ├── 从句系动词：is │ └── 从句表语：to act in a way │ └── 定语从句：that results in being sent to the principal's office │ ├── 关系代词：that (指代 way，在从句中作主语) │ ├── 从句谓语：results in │ └── 从句宾语：being sent to the principal's office (动名词短语) │ └── 主句：dyslexic students are often treated primarily as discipline problems rather than as students with a learning disability ├── 主语：dyslexic students ├── 谓语：are treated (被动语态) ├── 状语：often, primarily ├── 主语补足语：as discipline problems └── 并列主语补足语：rather than as students with a learning disability └── 后置定语（介词短语）：with a learning disability 中文翻译： 因为避免大声朗读带来的尴尬的一个常见策略是表现得调皮捣蛋以便被送到校长办公室，所以有阅读障碍的学生常常首先被当作纪律问题学生来处理，而不是被当作有学习障碍的学生。 The tragedy is compounded by the fact that proven methods for teaching dyslexic students—which enabled Caroline to become a fluent reader by middle school—have been known for decades, but many American schools still don’t use those scientifically supported instructional methods.（山西省2026届高三第一次模拟考试 阅读理解B篇） 图解分析： 句子 ├── 主句：The tragedy is compounded by the fact │ ├── 主语：The tragedy │ ├── 谓语：is compounded (被动语态) │ └── 状语：by the fact │ └── 同位语从句 (解释 fact 的内容)：that proven methods for teaching dyslexic students—which enabled Caroline to become a fluent reader by middle school—have been known for decades, but many American schools still don't use those scientifically supported instructional methods ├── 并列句1：proven methods for teaching dyslexic students have been known for decades │ ├── 主语：proven methods │ │ └── 后置定语（介词短语）：for teaching dyslexic students │ ├── 插入语（非限制性定语从句，修饰 methods）：which enabled Caroline to become a fluent reader by middle school │ │ ├── 关系代词：which (指代 methods，在从句中作主语) │ │ ├── 从句谓语：enabled │ │ ├── 宾语：Caroline │ │ └── 宾语补足语：to become a fluent reader by middle school │ ├── 谓语：have been known (被动语态) │ └── 时间状语：for decades │ └── 并列句2：but many American schools still don't use those scientifically supported instructional methods ├── 主语：many American schools ├── 谓语：don't use └── 宾语：those scientifically supported instructional methods 中文翻译： 更可悲的是，经过验证的阅读障碍学生教学法（这些方法让卡罗琳在中学时就能流利阅读）几十年前就已经为人所知，但许多美国学校仍然没有使用那些有科学支持的教学方法。 Research by these scientists shows that even a small increase in sea temperature can affect the birds’ food supply and lower chick and adult survival, while changing weather is causing unseasonably intense storms that kill chicks who haven’t yet grown their thick, waterproof feathers.（山西省2026届高三第一次模拟考试 阅读理解C篇） 图解分析： 句子 ├── 主句：Research by these scientists shows that... │ ├── 主语：Research │ │ └── 后置定语（介词短语）：by these scientists │ └── 谓语：shows │ └── 宾语从句 (that 引导，作 shows 的宾语)：that even a small increase in sea temperature can affect the birds' food supply and lower chick and adult survival, while changing weather is causing unseasonably intense storms that kill chicks who haven't yet grown their thick, waterproof feathers ├── 并列句1：even a small increase in sea temperature can affect the birds' food supply and lower chick and adult survival │ ├── 主语：even a small increase in sea temperature │ └── 并列谓语：can affect... and (can) lower... │ ├── 宾语1：the birds' food supply │ └── 宾语2：chick and adult survival │ └── 并列句2 (由 while 连接，表示对比)：while changing weather is causing unseasonably intense storms that kill chicks who haven't yet grown their thick, waterproof feathers ├── 主语：changing weather ├── 谓语：is causing ├── 宾语：unseasonably intense storms │ └── 定语从句：that kill chicks... │ ├── 关系代词：that (指代 storms，在从句中作主语) │ ├── 谓语：kill │ ├── 宾语：chicks │ │ └── 定语从句：who haven't yet grown their thick, waterproof feathers │ │ ├── 关系代词：who (指代 chicks，在从句中作主语) │ │ ├── 谓语：haven't grown │ │ └── 宾语：their thick, waterproof feathers │ └── [整个从句修饰 storms] └── [整个并列句2描述对比情况] 中文翻译： 这些科学家的研究表明，即使海水温度小幅上升也会影响鸟类的食物供应，降低雏鸟和成鸟的存活率，同时天气变化正在引发反常的强烈风暴，这些风暴会杀死那些尚未长出厚实防水羽毛的雏鸟。 However, moving to cooler water isn’t an option for the rockhoppers, because the constant winds there would push them into the icy coasts of Antarctica, where there is no land suitable for building new colonies.（山西省2026届高三第一次模拟考试 阅读理解C篇） 图解分析： 句子 ├── 主句：moving to cooler water isn't an option for the rockhoppers │ ├── 主语：moving to cooler water (动名词短语) │ ├── 系动词：isn't │ └── 表语：an option │ └── 状语：for the rockhoppers │ └── 原因状语从句：because the constant winds there would push them into the icy coasts of Antarctica, where there is no land suitable for building new colonies ├── 从句主语：the constant winds there ├── 从句谓语：would push ├── 从句宾语：them ├── 宾语补足语：into the icy coasts of Antarctica │ └── 非限制性定语从句：where there is no land suitable for building new colonies │ ├── 关系副词：where (指代 Antarctica / icy coasts，在从句中作地点状语) │ ├── 从句谓语：there is │ └── 从句主语：no land │ └── 后置定语（形容词短语）：suitable for building new colonies │ └── 修饰 land，说明是什么样的土地 │ [整个从句补充说明 Antarctica 的情况] └── [整个从句解释原因] 中文翻译： 然而，对于跳岩企鹅来说，迁移到更冷的水域并非选择，因为那里持续不断的大风会把它们推向冰冷的南极洲海岸，而那里没有适合建立新栖息地的土地。 With generative AI, typically only big companies get to make decisions about how the models work, and using it to generate large amounts of automated game content might lead to more boring and less original material being produced.（山西省2026届高三第一次模拟考试 阅读理解D篇） 图解分析： 句子 (由并列连词 and 连接的两个并列分句) ├── 分句1：With generative AI, typically only big companies get to make decisions about how the models work │ ├── 状语：With generative AI │ ├── 主语：only big companies │ ├── 谓语：get to make │ ├── 宾语：decisions │ └── 后置定语（介词短语）：about how the models work │ └── 介词 about 的宾语从句：how the models work │ ├── 连接副词：how │ ├── 从句主语：the models │ └── 从句谓语：work │ └── 分句2：using it to generate large amounts of automated game content might lead to more boring and less original material being produced ├── 主语：using it to generate large amounts of automated game content (动名词短语) ├── 谓语：might lead to └── 宾语：more boring and less original material being produced (带逻辑主语的动名词短语) └── 核心结构：material being produced (material 是 being produced 的逻辑主语) 中文翻译： 有了生成式人工智能，通常只有大公司才能决定模型的运作方式，并且使用它来生成大量自动化的游戏内容可能会导致产出更枯燥、更缺乏原创性的素材。 When you care about game characters, it’s “because someone took the time to craft that dialogue for you, with many rewrites and deep thought,” writes Tessa Kaur, editor at The Gamer magazine.（山西省2026届高三第一次模拟考试 阅读理解D篇） 图解分析： 句子 ├── 时间状语从句：When you care about game characters │ ├── 连接词：When │ ├── 主语：you │ └── 谓语：care about │ └── 宾语：game characters │ ├── 主句 (引述部分的核心)：it’s “because someone took the time to craft that dialogue for you, with many rewrites and deep thought,” │ ├── 主语：it │ ├── 系动词：'s (is) │ └── 表语：because 引导的从句 (此处作表语) │ └── 表语从句：because someone took the time to craft that dialogue for you, with many rewrites and deep thought │ ├── 主语：someone │ ├── 谓语：took the time │ └── 目的状语：to craft that dialogue for you │ └── 伴随状语：with many rewrites and deep thought │ └── 插入语/主句 (说明引述来源)：writes Tessa Kaur, editor at The Gamer magazine ├── 谓语：writes ├── 主语：Tessa Kaur └── 同位语：editor at The Gamer magazine 中文翻译： 《The Gamer》杂志的编辑泰莎·考尔写道，当你关心游戏角色时，那是因为“有人花时间为你精心打磨那段对话，经过了多次重写和深思熟虑。” He believed that more wealth did not mean greater happiness, and that no kindness should be undervalued—a belief that quietly shaped the way he lived his life and treated others.（临沂市2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟 阅读理解B篇） 图解分析： 句子 ├── 主句：He believed that... and that... │ ├── 主语：He │ └── 谓语：believed │ ├── 并列的宾语从句1：that more wealth did not mean greater happiness │ ├── 连接词：that │ ├── 主语：more wealth │ ├── 谓语：did not mean │ └── 宾语：greater happiness │ ├── 并列的宾语从句2：that no kindness should be undervalued │ ├── 连接词：that │ ├── 主语：no kindness │ └── 谓语：should be undervalued (被动语态) │ └── 破折号引出同位语：a belief └── 定语从句：that quietly shaped the way he lived his life and treated others ├── 关系代词：that (指代 belief，在从句中作主语) ├── 从句谓语：quietly shaped ├── 从句宾语：the way │ └── 定语从句 (省略了 in which 或 that)：he lived his life and treated others │ ├── 主语：he │ └── 并列谓语：lived... and treated... │ ├── 宾语1：his life │ └── 宾语2：others └── [整个从句修饰 belief] 中文翻译： 他相信更多的财富并不意味着更大的幸福，任何善意都不应被低估——这一信念悄然塑造了他自己生活的方式以及对待他人的方式。 The researchers advise avoiding both procrastination and pre-crastination by decomposing large tasks into smaller ones, so that you can make progress on difficult tasks without simply rushing through the easy ones first.（莆田市2026届高中毕业班第二次质量调研测试 阅读理解D篇） 图解分析： 句子 ├── 主句：The researchers advise avoiding both procrastination and pre-crastination by decomposing large tasks into smaller ones │ ├── 主语：The researchers │ ├── 谓语：advise │ ├── 宾语：avoiding both procrastination and pre-crastination (动名词短语) │ └── 方式状语：by decomposing large tasks into smaller ones (介词短语) │ └── 目的状语从句：so that you can make progress on difficult tasks without simply rushing through the easy ones first ├── 连接词：so that ├── 从句主语：you ├── 从句谓语：can make ├── 从句宾语：progress ├── 地点/方面状语：on difficult tasks └── 方式状语 (介词短语)：without simply rushing through the easy ones first └── 核心：rushing through the easy ones 中文翻译： 研究人员建议，通过将大任务分解成小任务来避免拖延和过早完成，这样你就可以在困难任务上取得进展，而不是简单地先赶着做完容易的任务。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $