专题19 九全一册Units 5-6（复习讲义）（人教版教材梳理）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题19 九全一册 Units5-6 （复习讲义）（人教版教材梳理） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·思维导图·网络构建 3 03·考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 8 考点3 重点句型 10 考点4 重点语法 11 04·优题精选·练能提分 14 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 掌握重点词汇leaf;produce;widely;business;avoid;local;Germany;process；product；material；traffic；glove；international；lively；heat；complete；style；project；pleasure；daily；website；pioneer；mention；remain；trade；doubt；low；translate；sudden；musical；instrument；wolf；warn;customer； the Olympics；Canadian；divide；basket；hero；nearly 等词汇的用法 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用 what\where\who引导的询问物品材料、产地、发明者的信息以及.when\who引导的询问发明物时间、发明者的句型。等进行语言交际运用。 4. 熟练运用一般现在时的被动语态 以及 一般过去时的被动语态 易混词辨析 掌握 1.be made of/from/into/in/by；2.be known as/for/to；3.live,alive,lively与living；4.pleasure,pleased,please与pleasant ；5.rise与raise易混词辨析 重点句型 1.1. what\where\who引导的询问物品材料、产地、发明者的信息 2.when\who引导的询问发明物时间、发明者的句型。 重点语法 · 1.一般现在时的被动语态 2.一般过去时的被动语态 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析和句型会融合到各种题型中考查。句型和重点语法在语法填空、选词填空、完形填空以及补全对话等题中会有涉及。 考点1 重点词汇 1. produce 【教材原文】Where is tea produced in China? 中国的哪些地方产茶？.( 九全一册 Unit5 P34) 【主要用法】produce的用法 produce为及物动词，意为“生产；制造；出产”。 此外，produce还可做名词，意为“产品，(尤指农产品），是不可数名词”。 product名词，可指工业产品，也可指农产品，还可指脑力劳动的产物，通常为可数名词。 There're all kinds of products in the market 【例句】 · There is enough farm produce in that supermarket. · China produces wheat. 2. No matter 【教材原文】No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.无论你会买什么,你可能认为那些产品就产自那些国家。.( 九全一册 Unit6 P35) 【主要用法】no matter意为“无论....不管....”.后接疑问词,相当于“疑问词+ever”。 no matter what / which / who / where / when /how意为“无论什么/哪一 个/谁/哪里/何时/怎样”。此短语用于引导让步状语从句,疑问副词引导的从句的语序都不倒装,与之相对应的正式用语分别是whatever, whichever,whoever,wherever, whenever,however等。 【例句】 · Day in, day out, no matter what the weather is like, she walks ten miles. 不管天气如何,她每天总是不间断地步行10英里。 3. avoid 【教材原文】He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.。( 九全一册Unit 5 P35) 【主要用法】avoid为动词，意为“避免；回避”，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语。 1. avoid sb./sth.回避某人/某事 2. avoid doing sth.防止做某事；避免做某事 【例句】 · In order to avoid wasting resources, we must recycle them as much as possible. 4. cover 【教材原文】They are made of bamboo and covered with paper. ( 九全一册 Unit5 P 67） 【主要用法】cover做动词，意为“遮盖；覆盖”。 1. cover sb./sth.with sth. 用某物覆盖某人/某物 2. be covered with sth. 被某物覆盖 They covered the man with a coat. 3. cover还可做可数名词，意为“覆盖物；封面”。 She put plastic covers on all the desks. 【例句】 · The ground is covered with snow. · On the front cover of the book is a tiger. 5.pleasure 【教材原文】With pleasure! 乐意效劳！( 八下Unit6P42) 【主要用法】please v.使…高兴 ，其形容词为 pleased,意为，高兴的，pleasant,意为，令人满意的，名词形式，pleasure. 【拓展】it’s a pleasure, my pleasure与with pleasure It’s a pleasure 意为“不客气”，对别人的感谢的礼貌回答 My pleasure With pleasure 意为“乐意效劳”，表示客气地接受或同意 【例句】 · —Could you help me look after my dog while I’m away? 我不在家时你能帮我照看一下我的狗吗？ · —With pleasure. 乐意效劳。 6. mention 【教材原文】For example, it mentioned that zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.例如,它提到拉链是1893年由惠特科姆·贾德森发明的。( 九全一册 Unit6 P42) 【主要用法】 mention作及物动词,意为“提到;说到”,后面可接名词、代词、动名词或that从句作宾语。 mention sb./sth.(to sb.)(向某人)提起某人/某事 mention doing sth.提到做某事 “Don't mention it.”常用于口语中,多用作回复他人道谢或道 歉时的答语,意为“不用谢;没关系” 【例句】 · He mentioned that the food was invented by a Chinese.他提到这种食物是由一个中国人发明的。 · Nobody mentioned it to me.没人向我提过这事。 7. it is said that 【教材原文】It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.据说,有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现茶可以饮用。（ 九全一册 Unit 6 P43) 【主要用法】 It is said that…是一个固定搭配的句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。它的 思是“据说……”。另外类似的句型有：It is believed…（人们相信），It is reported that …（据报道），It is supposed that… （据猜测）It is known that...众所周知......。 【例句】 · It is said that Mary is very happy in London. 8. smell 【教材原文】It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water.它散发出一股香味,因此他尝了一下这棕色的水。.( 九全一册 Unit 5 P43) 【主要用法】 (1)作名词,意为“气味”,常与of连用,表示“......的气味”。 The air was filled with the smell of flowers.空气中弥漫着花香。 (2)作动词时有两种用法:表示“发出......的气味”时,smell是连系动词,表示“闻到”时,smell是及物动词,不用于进行时。 feel,look, sound, smell, taste这五个动词均可作连系动词，后面接形容词作表语,说明主语所处的状态,其意思分别为“感觉”,“看”,“听”,“闻”,“尝起来”。 【例句】 · There's a delicious smell coming from the kitchen.厨房里传来一阵香味。 · The fish smells delicious.鱼闻起来很香。 9.doubt 【教材原文】Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.即使现在许多人知道茶文化,但中国人无疑是最懂茶之本质的人。。( 九全一册 Unit6 P43) 【主要用法】doubt在本句中作名词,意为“疑惑;疑问”。短语 without doubt毫无疑问;的确 doubt还可作动词,意为“怀疑”,后常接名词、代词或that /if/ whether引导的从句作宾语。 They doubt the truth of it.(接名词)他们怀疑此事的真实性。 【例句】 · Without doubt, factory farming is bad news.毫无疑问，工厂化的农场经营管理是坏消息。 10. divide 【教材原文】 Dr.Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game.奈史密斯博士把班上的人分成两队，教他们玩他的新游戏。.( 九全一册 Unit 6 P46) 【主要用法】divide...into把……分开 ,其被动结构为 be divided into，意为＂被分为……＂。 divide 及物动词，意为＂分开；分散＂，指把整体分成若干部分。 He divided the cake among the children. 他把这个蛋糕分给了孩子们。 【例句】 · Let’s divide ourselves into several groups. 让我们分成几个小组吧。 11. stop …from 【教材原文】At the same time ,they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.同时，他们需要阻止对手将球打进自己的篮筐。( 九全一册 Unit6 P46) 【主要用法】stop ...from ... 阻止……做某事 stop sb.from doing sth.相当于prevent sb.from doing sth.，在主动语态中，两者中的from均可省略，但在被动语态中不可省略。 【例句】 · No one can stop us (from) carrying out the plan. 没有人能阻止我们实施这个计划。 · The water must be prevented from polluting by us. 我们必须阻止水被污染。 12 not only …but also 【教材原文】Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch.篮球不仅已成为一项受欢迎的运动，而且也已成为一种受欢迎的观看运动 ( 九全一册 Unit 6 P46) 【主要用法】not only... but also... 不但……而且…… 以not only ...but (also)... 连接的句子，当not only置于句首时往往引起部分倒装。not only ... but also... 应连接两个对称的并列成分，连接两个主语时谓语动词要采用就近原则。 常见的就近原则的结构有： (1) neither...nor... 既不……也不…… (两者都不) Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。 (2) either...or...不是……就是…… (两者中的一个) Either you or Lily is a student. 不是你就是莉莉是学生。 (3) there be结构 There is a pen and two books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。 【例句】 · Not only can I do it but (also) I can do it best. 我不仅能做到而且我能做得最好。 1．—I think paper books won’t disappear in the future with the development of electronic ______. —I agree with you. Paper books can’t be replaced. A．projects B．processes C．products D．programs 2．Many people think that Yunnan is known ________ its beautiful scenery and comfortable life. A．as B．for C．with 3．It is known that tea, a very popular drink, was invented ________. A．by accident B．without doubt C．in public 4．Lucy is a ________ girl. She comes from the eastern part of ________. A．Germany; German B．German; German C．German; Germany D．Germany; Germany 5．Even if you cannot accept one’s invitation, please turn it down ________. A．normally B．widely C．exactly D．politely 6．Not only the students but also the teacher ________ interested in the film. A．is B．are C．was D．were 7．A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens is really worth reading. People have ________ it into many languages. A．translated B．broken C．carried 8．This kind of dress is________ this year. And I really want to get one. A．in danger B．in trouble C．in style D．in need 9．My English teacher often encourages me ________ my spoken English in and after class. A．practicing B．practices C．to practice D．practiced 10．It’s _________ that everything in the world has its own meaning. A．saying B．says C．said D．say 考点2 易混词辨析 1. 易混词辨析 be made from\in\by\into与up 2. 易混词辨析be known for\as与to 3.rise与raise 【易混辨析】 4.lively , alive,living 与live 【易混辨析】 5.pleassure,pleased,please 与 pleasant 【易混辨析】 1．—Is the wine made________ grapes? —Yes, and it's made________ France. A．of; in B．from; in C．from; by D．of; as 2．A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the second ring road in Chengdu these days. A．plant B．are planted C．are planting D．is planted 3．—Where is Moutai ________?   —In Guizhou, China. A．made of B．made from C．made D．made by 4．Mike is famous ______ his songs, and he is also famous ______ a singer. A．for; as B．as; for C．as; as D．for; for 5．I often forget ______ the door when I leave home, but yesterday I remembered ______ it. A．to lock; locking B．locking; to lock C．to lock; to lock D．locking; locking 6．A number of students ________ English in the class now. A．is learning B．are learning C．learns D．learn 7．The number of the students here ________ about twenty. They study very hard. A．are B．was C．is D．were 8．If you want to improve your spoken English, you should speak more _______ English _______. A．everyday; everyday B．every day; everyday C．everyday; every day D．every day; every day 9．—Excuse me. Could you please show me how to book tickets online? —________. Whenever you are free. A．With pleasure B．My pleasure C．Never mind D．You are welcome 考点3 重点句型 1.—Where is tea produced in China? --What’s the model plane made of ？ ---How is tea produced ? (九全一册 Unit 5 P36) 【重点句型】what\where\who引导的询问物品材料、产地、发明者的信息的句型 结构为：--特殊疑问词+be+主语+done …？回答根据疑问词进行 【例句 】 · --What’s the shirt made of ?-- It’s made of silk 2.—When was the zipper invented ? ---- Who was it invented by ? -- What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for ? (九全一册Unit6 P44) 【重点句型】when\who、what引导的询问发明物时间、发明者、以及用途的句型。 结构为：--特殊疑问词+be+主语+done …？回答根据疑问词进行 【例句】 · --Who was the car invented by ? --It was invented by Benz. 完成句子 1．These clothes are put in the box in winter.(对划线部分提问) ________ ________ these clothes ________ in winter? 2．The article was written by Guo Moruo. ________ was the article written ________? 3．That kind of car is produced in China. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ that kind of car ________? 4．Shoes with lights are used for seeing in the dark.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ shoes with lights used for? 5．This kind of mobile phone is made in China. （对画线部分提问） _________ this kind of mobile phone ________? 6．The first computers were built in the 1940s. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the first computers built? 7．They were made to laugh by the performer. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ them laugh? 8．Many famous works were translated into English by Xu Yuanchong. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ into English by Xu Yuanchong? 9．The telephone was invented by Bell.（对划线部分提问） ________ was the telephone invented ________? 10．The factory was built in Shandong. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ the factory ________? 考点4 重点语法 1.一般现在时的被动语态 1. 被动语态的含义 在英语中有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。 含义 例句 说明 主动语态 主语是动作的执行者 Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。 谓语speak这一动作是由主语many people来执行的 被动语态 主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象 English is spoken by many people.英语被许多人讲。 主语English是speak这一动作的承受者 2. 被动语态的构成 被动语态由＂助动词be+及物动词的过去分词＂构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。 3. 被动语态的用法：当说话者不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，只需要强调动作的承受者，可以使用被动语态。如果需要在被动语态中指出动作的执行者时一般用介词by引出。 ►Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. 汉语是世界上为最多人所讲的语言。 4. 一般现在时的被动语态 （1）一般现在时的被动语态的构成：在一般现在时态的句子中，被动语态由＂be(am/is/are) + 及物动词的过去分词＂构成。助动词be随人称、数的变化而改变。 ►This knife is made of wood and metal. 这把刀是用木头和金属制造的。[来源:Z+xx+k.Com] ►Bananas are produced in Hainan. 香蕉产于海南。 （2）主动语态改写成被动语态的方法：将主动句的宾语变成主语，将主动句的谓语变成 ＂be + 及物动词的过去分词＂，主动句的主语变成被动句中by的宾语（或省略）。 主动句：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 被动句：主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 宾语 Most middle school students play football. 主语 谓语 宾语 Football is played by most middle school students.大部分中学生踢足球。 【注意】如果主动句中有两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。 My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态) 我的老师给我许多书。 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 被动语态：I am given a lot of books by my teacher. 被动语态：A lot of books are given to me by my teacher. (3) 一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化： 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+其他. The kite is made by Mary. 这个风筝是玛丽做的。 一般疑问句及其答语 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词+其他？ Is the kite made by Mary? 这个风筝是玛丽做的吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+am/is/are. Yes, it is. 对，是的。 否定回答：No, 主语+isn’t/aren’t. 或 No, I’m not. No, it isn’t. 不，不是。 否定句 主语+ am/is/are + not +及物动词的过去分词+其他. The kite isn’t made by Mary.这个风筝不是玛丽做的。 （4）由主语单复数确定be的形式。 （5）强调动作的承受者，而不是执行者。 （6）与一般现在时被动语态连用的时间状语有：every day，often，usually，always，seldom等。 My room is cleaned every day by me. 我每天打扫我的房间。 （7）一般现在时被动语态的疑问句与否定句。 疑问句：Is/Am/Are＋主语＋过去分词＋其他？ 否定句：主语＋is/am/are＋not＋过去分词＋其他. [ ►Are these dishes washed by your mother? 这些碟子是你妈妈洗的吗？ ►The blackboard is not cleaned by Kate. 凯特没有擦黑板。 2一般过去时的被动语态 1）结构： 1. 肯定结构：was / were+过去分词； 2. 否定结构：wasn’t / weren’t+过去分词； 3. 一般疑问句把was / were放到句首。 如：The school was built 100 years ago. 这所学校是100年前建造的。 He wasn’t invited to the party. Were you invited? 他没有被邀请去聚会。你被邀请了吗 2）注意事项 1.含双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要忽略间接宾语的介词。 Eg.We gave some flowers to Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day. 教师节那天，我们送给了高老师一些花。 →Some flowers were given to Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day(by us). 2.含有动词短语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。 Eg.We handed in our homework last Friday. 上周五我们上交了家庭作业。 →Our homework was handed in last Friday(by us). 3.在含有使役动词make或感官动词（see, watch, notice, hear等）的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。 Eg.I saw him cross the road and enter the shop. 我看到他穿过马路走进了商店。 →He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop(by me). 4.含双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，既可将间接宾语转化为主语，也可将直接宾语转化为主语。若将间接宾语转化为主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化为主语，则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。 Eg.My mother gave me a pencil. 妈妈送给我一支铅笔。 →I was given a pencil by my mother. →A pencil was given to me by my mother. 1．—The dining hall is very clean now. —Yes, it ________ every day by the students. A．cleans B．is cleaned C．was cleaned 2．The flowers _________ every morning. A．water B．are watered C．watered D．were watered 3．The homework _________ before 9 o’clock every day. A．finishes B．is finished C．finished D．was finished 4．These trees ________ in spring. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 5．The old ________ taken good care of in our country. A．is B．are C．was D．were 6．—Fujian tulou ________ over 800 years ago. —They are really amazing. A．built B．were built C．are built 7．The 15th National Games ________ successfully in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao from November 9th to 21st, 2025. A．held B．were held C．will be held 8．The sports meeting _________ because of the rain yesterday. A．cancels B．is canceled C．canceled D．was canceled 9．The window _________ by Tom just now. A．breaks B．is broken C．broke D．was broken 10．The old bridge _________ last year. A．replaces B．is replaced C．replaced D．was replaced 1、 单项选择 1．No matter ________ busy he is, he always spends 30 minutes reading English every day. A．what B．how C．where D．when 2．This book ________ to a student, so you won’t get it until it is returned. A．lent B．is lent C．was lent 3．Namucuo Lake attracts (吸引) visitors by ________ colors. A．its B．they C．it’s D．they’re 4．—Do you know the famous artist in red? —Sure. She________ to the art festival in our city every year. A．invited B．invites C．is invited D．was invited 5．France is well-known ________ its fine art, tasty food and romantic scenery. A．as B．with C．for D．in 6．—Why did your mother sew (缝) your name on your school uniform? —She did that so others wouldn’t take it ________. A．in return B．by mistake C．on purpose 7．—The ________ of English has been more than forty years in China since 1978. —Yes. It used to be taught in middle schools, but now it is also taught in primary schools. A．popularity B．celebration C．introduction D．background 8．Our English teacher often ________ us into small groups. A．divide B．divides C．divides into D．divided 9．_________ the population of India will be more than that of China in the future. A．It said that B．That said C．It is said that D．That is said 10．—Jimmy, why are you looking so ______? —Well, I got a job from a very famous company. A．pleasure B．pleasant C．pleased 二、单词拼写 11．I have a ________ （Canada） friend and we have communicated with each other for five years. 12．There are all sorts of animals in the zoo,_________（include） pandas, bears and kangaroos. 13．The storybooks ________ (write) by the writer in the 1960s. 14．The ________ (popular) of the Internet has risen around the world. 15．I ______ (sudden) realized that there was someone following me. 16．Shiqian moss tea ________ (regard) as a precious local product in Tongren. 17．Mobile phones are ________ (wide) used in most of the cities in China. 18．Dried vegetable is a local dish of Shaoxing which is ________(know) all over China. 19．Kang Jian has to visit many stores in order to avoid buying ________ (produce) that are made in Japan. 三、选词填空 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。 invent, warm, be, teach, both, encourage, and, into, silk, that    In ancient times, people covered themselves with animal skins or leaves until the arrival of the Goddess of Silkworm(蚕神). She was a pretty and kind-hearted girl. Unluckily, at that time 1 her parents were ill, and she had to go out herself to pick wild fruit for them. But soon there 2 no more fruit to pick around her home. She was so worried 3 she began to cry under a mulberry(桑葚) tree. Finally, the Emperor in Heaven was moved by her story and sent a god to turn 4 a silkworm on the mulberry tree. The silkworm dropped some sweet mulberries into the girl’s mouth. When she realized that the mulberry could be eaten, she was very happy 5 picked some for her parents every day. That summer, the silkworm began to give silk and build a cocoon(茧). The girl took the 6 out of the cocoon and then made into clothes. The clothes felt cool in the summer and stayed 7 in the winter. So she picked some silkworms from the mulberry tree and raised them. Later, she began to 8 local people to weave(纺织) and wear beautiful and comfortable silk clothes. The King was happy about her 9 and decided to give her a new name Leizu. Later, Leizu married the Yellow Emperor and helped him unite China. She also 10 the emperor to spread sericulture(养蚕业) across the country. Since then, Leizu has been respected by Chinese people as the Goddess of Silkworm. 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题19 九全一册 Units5-6 （复习讲义）（人教版教材梳理） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·思维导图·网络构建 3 03·考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 9 考点3 重点句型 13 考点4 重点语法 15 04·优题精选·练能提分 19 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 掌握重点词汇leaf;produce;widely;business;avoid;local;Germany;process；product；material；traffic；glove；international；lively；heat；complete；style；project；pleasure；daily；website；pioneer；mention；remain；trade；doubt；low；translate；sudden；musical；instrument；wolf；warn;customer； the Olympics；Canadian；divide；basket；hero；nearly 等词汇的用法 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用 what\where\who引导的询问物品材料、产地、发明者的信息以及.when\who引导的询问发明物时间、发明者的句型。等进行语言交际运用。 4. 熟练运用一般现在时的被动语态 以及 一般过去时的被动语态 易混词辨析 掌握 1.be made of/from/into/in/by；2.be known as/for/to；3.live,alive,lively与living；4.pleasure,pleased,please与pleasant ；5.rise与raise易混词辨析 重点句型 1.1. what\where\who引导的询问物品材料、产地、发明者的信息 2.when\who引导的询问发明物时间、发明者的句型。 重点语法 · 1.一般现在时的被动语态 2.一般过去时的被动语态 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析和句型会融合到各种题型中考查。句型和重点语法在语法填空、选词填空、完形填空以及补全对话等题中会有涉及。 考点1 重点词汇 1. produce 【教材原文】Where is tea produced in China? 中国的哪些地方产茶？.( 九全一册 Unit5 P34) 【主要用法】produce的用法 produce为及物动词，意为“生产；制造；出产”。 此外，produce还可做名词，意为“产品，(尤指农产品），是不可数名词”。 product名词，可指工业产品，也可指农产品，还可指脑力劳动的产物，通常为可数名词。 There're all kinds of products in the market 【例句】 · There is enough farm produce in that supermarket. · China produces wheat. 2. No matter 【教材原文】No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.无论你会买什么,你可能认为那些产品就产自那些国家。.( 九全一册 Unit6 P35) 【主要用法】no matter意为“无论....不管....”.后接疑问词,相当于“疑问词+ever”。 no matter what / which / who / where / when /how意为“无论什么/哪一 个/谁/哪里/何时/怎样”。此短语用于引导让步状语从句,疑问副词引导的从句的语序都不倒装,与之相对应的正式用语分别是whatever, whichever,whoever,wherever, whenever,however等。 【例句】 · Day in, day out, no matter what the weather is like, she walks ten miles. 不管天气如何,她每天总是不间断地步行10英里。 3. avoid 【教材原文】He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.。( 九全一册Unit 5 P35) 【主要用法】avoid为动词，意为“避免；回避”，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语。 1. avoid sb./sth.回避某人/某事 2. avoid doing sth.防止做某事；避免做某事 【例句】 · In order to avoid wasting resources, we must recycle them as much as possible. 4. cover 【教材原文】They are made of bamboo and covered with paper. ( 九全一册 Unit5 P 67） 【主要用法】cover做动词，意为“遮盖；覆盖”。 1. cover sb./sth.with sth. 用某物覆盖某人/某物 2. be covered with sth. 被某物覆盖 They covered the man with a coat. 3. cover还可做可数名词，意为“覆盖物；封面”。 She put plastic covers on all the desks. 【例句】 · The ground is covered with snow. · On the front cover of the book is a tiger. 5.pleasure 【教材原文】With pleasure! 乐意效劳！( 八下Unit6P42) 【主要用法】please v.使…高兴 ，其形容词为 pleased,意为，高兴的，pleasant,意为，令人满意的，名词形式，pleasure. 【拓展】it’s a pleasure, my pleasure与with pleasure It’s a pleasure 意为“不客气”，对别人的感谢的礼貌回答 My pleasure With pleasure 意为“乐意效劳”，表示客气地接受或同意 【例句】 · —Could you help me look after my dog while I’m away? 我不在家时你能帮我照看一下我的狗吗？ · —With pleasure. 乐意效劳。 6. mention 【教材原文】For example, it mentioned that zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.例如,它提到拉链是1893年由惠特科姆·贾德森发明的。( 九全一册 Unit6 P42) 【主要用法】 mention作及物动词,意为“提到;说到”,后面可接名词、代词、动名词或that从句作宾语。 mention sb./sth.(to sb.)(向某人)提起某人/某事 mention doing sth.提到做某事 “Don't mention it.”常用于口语中,多用作回复他人道谢或道 歉时的答语,意为“不用谢;没关系” 【例句】 · He mentioned that the food was invented by a Chinese.他提到这种食物是由一个中国人发明的。 · Nobody mentioned it to me.没人向我提过这事。 7. it is said that 【教材原文】It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.据说,有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现茶可以饮用。（ 九全一册 Unit 6 P43) 【主要用法】 It is said that…是一个固定搭配的句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。它的 思是“据说……”。另外类似的句型有：It is believed…（人们相信），It is reported that …（据报道），It is supposed that… （据猜测）It is known that...众所周知......。 【例句】 · It is said that Mary is very happy in London. 8. smell 【教材原文】It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water.它散发出一股香味,因此他尝了一下这棕色的水。.( 九全一册 Unit 5 P43) 【主要用法】 (1)作名词,意为“气味”,常与of连用,表示“......的气味”。 The air was filled with the smell of flowers.空气中弥漫着花香。 (2)作动词时有两种用法:表示“发出......的气味”时,smell是连系动词,表示“闻到”时,smell是及物动词,不用于进行时。 feel,look, sound, smell, taste这五个动词均可作连系动词，后面接形容词作表语,说明主语所处的状态,其意思分别为“感觉”,“看”,“听”,“闻”,“尝起来”。 【例句】 · There's a delicious smell coming from the kitchen.厨房里传来一阵香味。 · The fish smells delicious.鱼闻起来很香。 9.doubt 【教材原文】Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.即使现在许多人知道茶文化,但中国人无疑是最懂茶之本质的人。。( 九全一册 Unit6 P43) 【主要用法】doubt在本句中作名词,意为“疑惑;疑问”。短语 without doubt毫无疑问;的确 doubt还可作动词,意为“怀疑”,后常接名词、代词或that /if/ whether引导的从句作宾语。 They doubt the truth of it.(接名词)他们怀疑此事的真实性。 【例句】 · Without doubt, factory farming is bad news.毫无疑问，工厂化的农场经营管理是坏消息。 10. divide 【教材原文】 Dr.Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game.奈史密斯博士把班上的人分成两队，教他们玩他的新游戏。.( 九全一册 Unit 6 P46) 【主要用法】divide...into把……分开 ,其被动结构为 be divided into，意为＂被分为……＂。 divide 及物动词，意为＂分开；分散＂，指把整体分成若干部分。 He divided the cake among the children. 他把这个蛋糕分给了孩子们。 【例句】 · Let’s divide ourselves into several groups. 让我们分成几个小组吧。 11. stop …from 【教材原文】At the same time ,they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.同时，他们需要阻止对手将球打进自己的篮筐。( 九全一册 Unit6 P46) 【主要用法】stop ...from ... 阻止……做某事 stop sb.from doing sth.相当于prevent sb.from doing sth.，在主动语态中，两者中的from均可省略，但在被动语态中不可省略。 【例句】 · No one can stop us (from) carrying out the plan. 没有人能阻止我们实施这个计划。 · The water must be prevented from polluting by us. 我们必须阻止水被污染。 12 not only …but also 【教材原文】Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch.篮球不仅已成为一项受欢迎的运动，而且也已成为一种受欢迎的观看运动 ( 九全一册 Unit 6 P46) 【主要用法】not only... but also... 不但……而且…… 以not only ...but (also)... 连接的句子，当not only置于句首时往往引起部分倒装。not only ... but also... 应连接两个对称的并列成分，连接两个主语时谓语动词要采用就近原则。 常见的就近原则的结构有： (1) neither...nor... 既不……也不…… (两者都不) Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。 (2) either...or...不是……就是…… (两者中的一个) Either you or Lily is a student. 不是你就是莉莉是学生。 (3) there be结构 There is a pen and two books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。 【例句】 · Not only can I do it but (also) I can do it best. 我不仅能做到而且我能做得最好。 1．—I think paper books won’t disappear in the future with the development of electronic ______. —I agree with you. Paper books can’t be replaced. A．projects B．processes C．products D．programs 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我认为随着电子产品的发展，纸质书在未来不会消失。——我同意你的看法。纸质书无法被取代。 考查名词辨析。projects项目；processes过程；products产品；programs程序/项目。根据语境，电子产品（如电子书、平板电脑等）的发展是纸质书面临的挑战，且“electronic products”为常见搭配，意为“电子产品”。故选C。 2．Many people think that Yunnan is known ________ its beautiful scenery and comfortable life. A．as B．for C．with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多人认为云南以其美丽的风景和舒适的生活而闻名。 考查介词辨析。as作为；for为了，因为；with和……一起。根据语境可知，此处是在描述云南以其美丽的风景和舒适的生活而闻名，be known for为固定搭配，意为“因……而闻名”，所以应该用for。故选B。 3．It is known that tea, a very popular drink, was invented ________. A．by accident B．without doubt C．in public 【答案】A 【详解】句意：众所周知，茶这种非常受欢迎的饮料是被偶然发明的。 考查短语辨析。by accident偶然地；without doubt毫无疑问地；in public公开地。根据常识以及“It is known that tea, a very popular drink, was invented”可知，茶是被偶然发明出来的。故选A。 4．Lucy is a ________ girl. She comes from the eastern part of ________. A．Germany; German B．German; German C．German; Germany D．Germany; Germany 【答案】C 【详解】句意：露西是一个德国的女孩。她来自德国的东部地区。 考查词汇辨析。“German”  作形容词时，意为 “德国的；德语的；德国人的” ，作名词时，意为 “德国人；德语” ；“Germany” 是名词，意为 “德国” 。第一空修饰  “girl” ，需用形容词 “German” ，表示 “德国的女孩” ；第二空表示国家，用 “Germany” ，即 “来自德国”  。所以第一空填 “German” ，第二空填 “Germany” ，故选 C。 5．Even if you cannot accept one’s invitation, please turn it down ________. A．normally B．widely C．exactly D．politely 【答案】D 【详解】句意：即便你无法接受某人的邀请，请礼貌地拒绝。 考查副词词义辨析。normally正常地；widely广泛地；exactly确切地；politely礼貌地。根据人际交往礼仪，拒绝邀请应礼貌，所以用 politely。故选D。 6．Not only the students but also the teacher ________ interested in the film. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不仅学生们，而且老师也对这部电影感兴趣。 考查主谓一致。is是，单数；are是，复数；was是，单数过去式；were是，复数过去式。当“not only…but also…”连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，即与but also后的主语保持一致。本题中but also后的主语是“the teacher”，为第三人称单数，且句子为一般现在时，因此谓语动词应用单数形式is。故选A。 7．A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens is really worth reading. People have ________ it into many languages. A．translated B．broken C．carried 【答案】A 【详解】句意：查尔斯·狄更斯的《双城记》非常值得一读。人们已经把它翻译成许多种语言。 考查动词辨析。translated翻译；broken打破；carried携带。根据“it into many languages”可知，此处表示把这本书翻译成多种语言，所以应该用translated。故选A。 8．This kind of dress is________ this year. And I really want to get one. A．in danger B．in trouble C．in style D．in need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这种连衣裙今年很流行，我真的很想买一条。“in style”（流行的；时髦的 ）；“in danger”（处于危险中 ）；“in trouble”（处于困境中 ）；“in need”（在困境中；需要帮助 ）。说想买，说明连衣裙 “流行” 。故选 C 。 9．My English teacher often encourages me ________ my spoken English in and after class. A．practicing B．practices C．to practice D．practiced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的英语老师经常鼓励我在课上和课后练习英语口语。 考查非谓语动词。根据encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”可知，此处应用不定式作宾补。故选C。 10．It’s _________ that everything in the world has its own meaning. A．saying B．says C．said D．say 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有人说，世界上的一切都有自己的意义。 考查it的固定结构。此处是结构it’s said that...“据说”。故选C。 考点2 易混词辨析 1. 易混词辨析 be made from\in\by\into与up 2. 易混词辨析be known for\as与to 3.rise与raise 【易混辨析】 4.lively , alive,living 与live 【易混辨析】 5.pleassure,pleased,please 与 pleasant 【易混辨析】 1．—Is the wine made________ grapes? —Yes, and it's made________ France. A．of; in B．from; in C．from; by D．of; as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 这酒是用葡萄酿造的吗？—— 是的，而且它产自法国。 考查固定短语。“be made of” 表示能看出原材料，“be made from” 表示看不出原材料，酒由葡萄酿造后看不出葡萄，用 “from” ；“be made in” 表示 “在…… 制造；产自” ，后接地点，“France” 是地点，用 “in” ；“be made by” 后接制造者，“be made as” 无此常规搭配，故选 B。 2．A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the second ring road in Chengdu these days. A．plant B．are planted C．are planting D．is planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些天，成都二环路上种植了大量漂亮的花。 考查被动语态和主谓一致。plant 是动词原形，为主动形式；are planted 是一般现在时的被动形式，主语为复数；are planting 是现在进行时的主动形式；is planted 是一般现在时的被动形式，主语为单数 。句子主语 “flowers（花）” 和 “plant（种植）” 是被动关系，即花被种植，要用被动语态（结构：be + 过去分词），排除 plant 和 are planting 。又因 “flowers” 是复数，be 动词用 are ，所以填 are planted 。 3．—Where is Moutai ________?   —In Guizhou, China. A．made of B．made from C．made D．made by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——茅台是哪里生产的？——在中国贵州。 考查动词短语。be made of由……制成（能够看出原材料）；be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）；made制作，过去分词/过去式；be made by被……制造。根据“In Guizhou, China.”可知，此处应用made in，表示“在哪里制造”。故选C。 4．Mike is famous ______ his songs, and he is also famous ______ a singer. A．for; as B．as; for C．as; as D．for; for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：迈克以他的歌曲而闻名，他也是一名著名的歌手。 考查介词和形容词短语。for因为；as作为。第一空，根据空后“his songs”可知，此处是指他以他的歌曲而闻名，考查be famous for“以……而著名”，形容词短语，排除B和C；第二空，根据空后“a singer”可知，此处是指他作为歌手而出名，考查be famous as“作为……而出名”，形容词短语，排除D。故选A。 5．I often forget ______ the door when I leave home, but yesterday I remembered ______ it. A．to lock; locking B．locking; to lock C．to lock; to lock D．locking; locking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我离开家的时候我经常忘记锁门，但昨天我记得锁门了。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（动作未发生）；forget doing sth忘记做过某事（动作已发生）；remember to do sth记得要做某事（动作未发生）；remember doing sth记得做过某事（动作已发生）。根据“often forget... the door when I leave home”可知，“出门时锁门”是本该做但常忘记做的事 （动作未发生），第一空用“to lock”；根据“but yesterday I remembered...it.”可知，“昨天锁门”是已经完成的动作，第二空用“locking”。故选A。 6．A number of students ________ English in the class now. A．is learning B．are learning C．learns D．learn 【答案】B 【详解】句意：现在班里有许多学生学习英语。 考查主谓一致和时态。根据“now”可知，时态是现在进行时（be doing）；a number of 意为“许多，大量”，后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，所以be动词用are。故选B。 7．The number of the students here ________ about twenty. They study very hard. A．are B．was C．is D．were 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这里的学生数量大约是二十。他们学习非常努力。 考查主谓一致。The number of…表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，且时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。故选C。 8．If you want to improve your spoken English, you should speak more _______ English _______. A．everyday; everyday B．every day; everyday C．everyday; every day D．every day; every day 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你想提高你的英语口语，你应该每天多说日常英语。 考查形容词与副词辨析。everyday日常的，每天的，形容词；every day每天，频率副词。根据“If you want to improve your spoken English, you should speak more…English…”可知，第一个空处应用形容词修饰English，第二个空应用副词修饰谓语动词speak。故选C。 9．—Excuse me. Could you please show me how to book tickets online? —________. Whenever you are free. A．With pleasure B．My pleasure C．Never mind D．You are welcome 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我如何在网上订票吗？——乐意效劳。只要你有空。 考查情景交际。With pleasure乐意效劳；My pleasure不客气；Never mind没关系；You are welcome不客气。根据“Whenever you are free”可知，此句是说愿意帮助对方，故选A。 考点3 重点句型 1.—Where is tea produced in China? --What’s the model plane made of ？ ---How is tea produced ? (九全一册 Unit 5 P36) 【重点句型】what\where\who引导的询问物品材料、产地、发明者的信息的句型 结构为：--特殊疑问词+be+主语+done …？回答根据疑问词进行 【例句 】 · --What’s the shirt made of ?-- It’s made of silk 2.—When was the zipper invented ? ---- Who was it invented by ? -- What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for ? (九全一册Unit6 P44) 【重点句型】when\who、what引导的询问发明物时间、发明者、以及用途的句型。 结构为：--特殊疑问词+be+主语+done …？回答根据疑问词进行 【例句】 · --Who was the car invented by ? --It was invented by Benz. 完成句子 1．These clothes are put in the box in winter.(对划线部分提问) ________ ________ these clothes ________ in winter? 【答案】 Where are put 【详解】句意：这些衣服冬天放在箱子里。此处对地点进行提问，应用where引导特殊疑问句，句首首字母大写，be动词are放置于疑问词后，主语“these clothes”之前，主语后接过去分词put。故填Where；are；put。 2．The article was written by Guo Moruo. ________ was the article written ________? 【答案】 Who/Whom by 【详解】句意：这篇文章是郭沫若写的。划线部分“Guo Moruo”表示人，且在句中作介词by的宾语，应用who/whom作特殊疑问词，置于句首，首字母要大写；原句中介词by不能省略。故填Who/Whom；by。 3．That kind of car is produced in China. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ that kind of car ________? 【答案】 Where is produced 【详解】句意：这种车是中国生产的。分析句子可知，对in China提问，是对地点提问，用疑问词where，位于句首首字母需大写；此处是一般现在时的被动语态，助动词is位于主语前，后面谓语用过去分词produced，故填Where；is；produced。 4．Shoes with lights are used for seeing in the dark.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ shoes with lights used for? 【答案】 What are 【详解】句意：带灯的鞋子用来在黑暗中看东西。划线部分“seeing in the dark”表示鞋子的用途，应用疑问词what来提问，首字母大写位于句首，主语“shoes with lights”为复数意义，谓语动词用are。故填What；are。 5．This kind of mobile phone is made in China. （对画线部分提问） _________ this kind of mobile phone ________? 【答案】 Where’s made 【详解】句意：这种手机是中国制造的。对in China提问，是对地点提问，用疑问词where，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，助动词is位于主语前，后面谓语用过去分词made，故填Where’s；made。 6．The first computers were built in the 1940s. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the first computers built? 【答案】 When were 【详解】句意：第一批计算机是什么时候制造的？划线部分为“in the 1940s”，这里是提问时间点，用疑问词“when”来提问。原句谓语动词是“were built”，为一般过去时的被动语态。提问时，需将疑问词“When”置于句首，后接一般疑问句语序，即“were + 主语 + 过去分词”。故填When；were。 7．They were made to laugh by the performer. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ them laugh? 【答案】 Who made 【详解】句意：他们被表演者逗笑了。划线部分是“the performer”，对其提问用疑问词“who”，原句是被动语态，改为主动语态时，时态不变，动词用“made”。故填Who；made。 8．Many famous works were translated into English by Xu Yuanchong. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ into English by Xu Yuanchong? 【答案】 What were translated 【详解】句意：许多著名的作品都是由徐渊冲译成英文的。画线部分表示物品，用what提问，what在疑问句中作主语，后面跟谓语were translated。故填What；were；translated。 9．The telephone was invented by Bell.（对划线部分提问） ________ was the telephone invented ________? 【答案】 Who by 【详解】句意：Bell发明了电话。对划线部分“Bell”提问时，需用特殊疑问句Who，把剩下句子变成一般疑问句即可，故was放Who后，by“被”放invented后，故填Who；by。 10．The factory was built in Shandong. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ the factory ________? 【答案】 Where was built 【详解】句意：工厂是在山东建立的。根据句意及分析句子结构可知，此句是一般过去时的被动语态，划线部分in Shandong在句中作地点状语，对其提问时，需用特殊疑问词Where，将The factory was built变成一般疑问句，was放where后面，built放主语the factory后面。故填Where；was；built。 考点4 重点语法 1.一般现在时的被动语态 1. 被动语态的含义 在英语中有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。 含义 例句 说明 主动语态 主语是动作的执行者 Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。 谓语speak这一动作是由主语many people来执行的 被动语态 主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象 English is spoken by many people.英语被许多人讲。 主语English是speak这一动作的承受者 2. 被动语态的构成 被动语态由＂助动词be+及物动词的过去分词＂构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。 3. 被动语态的用法：当说话者不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，只需要强调动作的承受者，可以使用被动语态。如果需要在被动语态中指出动作的执行者时一般用介词by引出。 ►Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. 汉语是世界上为最多人所讲的语言。 4. 一般现在时的被动语态 （1）一般现在时的被动语态的构成：在一般现在时态的句子中，被动语态由＂be(am/is/are) + 及物动词的过去分词＂构成。助动词be随人称、数的变化而改变。 ►This knife is made of wood and metal. 这把刀是用木头和金属制造的。[来源:Z+xx+k.Com] ►Bananas are produced in Hainan. 香蕉产于海南。 （2）主动语态改写成被动语态的方法：将主动句的宾语变成主语，将主动句的谓语变成 ＂be + 及物动词的过去分词＂，主动句的主语变成被动句中by的宾语（或省略）。 主动句：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 被动句：主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 宾语 Most middle school students play football. 主语 谓语 宾语 Football is played by most middle school students.大部分中学生踢足球。 【注意】如果主动句中有两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。 My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态) 我的老师给我许多书。 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 被动语态：I am given a lot of books by my teacher. 被动语态：A lot of books are given to me by my teacher. (3) 一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化： 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+其他. The kite is made by Mary. 这个风筝是玛丽做的。 一般疑问句及其答语 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词+其他？ Is the kite made by Mary? 这个风筝是玛丽做的吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+am/is/are. Yes, it is. 对，是的。 否定回答：No, 主语+isn’t/aren’t. 或 No, I’m not. No, it isn’t. 不，不是。 否定句 主语+ am/is/are + not +及物动词的过去分词+其他. The kite isn’t made by Mary.这个风筝不是玛丽做的。 （4）由主语单复数确定be的形式。 （5）强调动作的承受者，而不是执行者。 （6）与一般现在时被动语态连用的时间状语有：every day，often，usually，always，seldom等。 My room is cleaned every day by me. 我每天打扫我的房间。 （7）一般现在时被动语态的疑问句与否定句。 疑问句：Is/Am/Are＋主语＋过去分词＋其他？ 否定句：主语＋is/am/are＋not＋过去分词＋其他. [ ►Are these dishes washed by your mother? 这些碟子是你妈妈洗的吗？ ►The blackboard is not cleaned by Kate. 凯特没有擦黑板。 2一般过去时的被动语态 1）结构： 1. 肯定结构：was / were+过去分词； 2. 否定结构：wasn’t / weren’t+过去分词； 3. 一般疑问句把was / were放到句首。 如：The school was built 100 years ago. 这所学校是100年前建造的。 He wasn’t invited to the party. Were you invited? 他没有被邀请去聚会。你被邀请了吗 2）注意事项 1.含双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要忽略间接宾语的介词。 Eg.We gave some flowers to Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day. 教师节那天，我们送给了高老师一些花。 →Some flowers were given to Miss Gao on Teachers’ Day(by us). 2.含有动词短语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。 Eg.We handed in our homework last Friday. 上周五我们上交了家庭作业。 →Our homework was handed in last Friday(by us). 3.在含有使役动词make或感官动词（see, watch, notice, hear等）的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。 Eg.I saw him cross the road and enter the shop. 我看到他穿过马路走进了商店。 →He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop(by me). 4.含双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，既可将间接宾语转化为主语，也可将直接宾语转化为主语。若将间接宾语转化为主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化为主语，则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。 Eg.My mother gave me a pencil. 妈妈送给我一支铅笔。 →I was given a pencil by my mother. →A pencil was given to me by my mother. 1．—The dining hall is very clean now. —Yes, it ________ every day by the students. A．cleans B．is cleaned C．was cleaned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——食堂现在很干净。——是的，学生们每天打扫它。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。cleans打扫，一般现在时的主动语态；is cleaned被打扫，一般现在时的被动语态；was cleaned被打扫，一般过去时的被动语态。主语“it”指代“the dining hall”，是动作“clean”的承受者，应用被动语态。根据时间状语“every day”可知是经常性动作，应用一般现在时。故选B。 2．The flowers _________ every morning. A．water B．are watered C．watered D．were watered 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些花每天早上都被浇水。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“every morning”可知，句子描述的是经常性、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时；且主语“The flowers”和谓语动词“water”之间是被动关系，表示“花被浇水”，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语“The flowers”是复数，be动词用are，water的过去分词是watered。故选B。 3．The homework _________ before 9 o’clock every day. A．finishes B．is finished C．finished D．was finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这份作业每天都在9点前完成。 考查被动语态。finishes完成，主动语态第三人称单数；is finished被完成，一般现在时被动语态；finished完成，一般过去时；was finished被完成，一般过去时被动语态。作业是“被完成”的动作，需用被动语态；根据“every day”可知，句子表示习惯性动作，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 4．These trees ________ in spring. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些树在春天被种植。 考查被动语态。由于主语“trees”与动词“plant”之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是普遍事实或一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 5．The old ________ taken good care of in our country. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我们国家，老年人得到了很好的照顾。 考查主谓一致。the old表示老年人，是复数概念，谓语动词需用复数形式；且句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，be动词用are。故选B。 6．—Fujian tulou ________ over 800 years ago. —They are really amazing. A．built B．were built C．are built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——福建土楼建于800多年前。——它们真是令人惊叹。 考查被动语态。built“建造”，动词过去式；were built“被建造”，过去时的被动语态，are built“被建造”，现在时的被动语态。根据“over 800 years ago”可知动作发生在过去，且“土楼”是“被建造”的，需用一般过去时的被动语态was/were built。主语“Fujian tulou”为复数，故用were built。故选B。 7．The 15th National Games ________ successfully in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao from November 9th to 21st, 2025. A．held B．were held C．will be held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：第十五届全国运动会于2025年11月9日至21日在广东、香港和澳门成功举办。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“November 9th to 21st, 2025”可知，事件发生在过去，应用一般过去时；主语“The 15th National Games”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以此处为一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 8．The sports meeting _________ because of the rain yesterday. A．cancels B．is canceled C．canceled D．was canceled 【答案】D 【详解】句意：运动会因为下雨被取消了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“yesterday”可知，取消是过去发生的动作，且“运动会”与“取消”之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 9．The window _________ by Tom just now. A．breaks B．is broken C．broke D．was broken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：窗户刚才被汤姆打破了。 考查被动语态。根据时间状语“just now（刚才）”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；主语“The window”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态。故选D。 10．The old bridge _________ last year. A．replaces B．is replaced C．replaced D．was replaced 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那座旧桥去年被替换了。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“last year”可知，句子是一般过去时，主语“The old bridge”和谓语“replace”之间是被动关系，表示旧桥被替换，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，D项符合。故选D。 1、 单项选择 1．No matter ________ busy he is, he always spends 30 minutes reading English every day. A．what B．how C．where D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不管他多忙，他总是每天花30分钟读英语。 考查疑问词辨析。what什么；how多么；where哪里；when什么时候。根据“No matter…busy he is”可知，此处应用“No matter how+形容词+主语+谓语”结构，表示“不管多么……”，此处修饰形容词busy，用how。故选B。 2．This book ________ to a student, so you won’t get it until it is returned. A．lent B．is lent C．was lent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这本书被借给了一个学生，所以你要等到它被归还才能拿到。 考查被动语态及时态辨析。lent借出，主动语态，一般过去时；is lent被借出，被动语态，一般现在时；was lent被借出，被动语态，一般过去时。句子主语“This book”与动词“lend”之间为被动关系，需用被动语态。根据后半句“so you won’t get it until it is returned”可知，书目前已被借出，借出动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 3．Namucuo Lake attracts (吸引) visitors by ________ colors. A．its B．they C．it’s D．they’re 【答案】A 【详解】句意：纳木措湖以其色彩吸引着游客。 考查代词辨析。its它的；they它们；it’s它是；they’re它们是。根据“…by…colors”可知，此处指的是纳木措湖的颜色，所以应用its，作定语修饰colors。故选A。 4．—Do you know the famous artist in red? —Sure. She________ to the art festival in our city every year. A．invited B．invites C．is invited D．was invited 【答案】C 【详解】主语 she 和 invite 是被动关系，用被动语态；every year 表明是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态 is invited，故选C。 5．France is well-known ________ its fine art, tasty food and romantic scenery. A．as B．with C．for D．in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：法国以其精美的艺术、美味的食物和浪漫的风景而闻名。 考查介词辨析。as作为；with有；for为了；in在……里面。分析题干可知，本题考查短语be well-known for“以……而闻名”。故选C。 6．—Why did your mother sew (缝) your name on your school uniform? —She did that so others wouldn’t take it ________. A．in return B．by mistake C．on purpose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——为什么你妈妈在你的校服上缝了名字？——她这样做是为了别人不会拿错它。 考查介词短语。in return作为回报；by mistake错误地；on purpose故意地。根据“sew (缝) your name on your school uniform”可知，缝名字是为了防止别人误拿校服，强调“错误地”而非“故意地”。故选B。 7．—The ________ of English has been more than forty years in China since 1978. —Yes. It used to be taught in middle schools, but now it is also taught in primary schools. A．popularity B．celebration C．introduction D．background 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——自1978年以来，英语在中国已经流行了四十多年。——对。它曾经在中学教授，但现在也在小学教授。 考查名词词义辨析。popularity流行；celebration庆祝；introduction介绍；background背景。根据“It used to be taught in middle schools, but now it is also taught in primary schools.”并结合选项可知，英语很流行。故选A。 8．Our English teacher often ________ us into small groups. A．divide B．divides C．divides into D．divided 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师经常把我们分成几个小组。 考查时态。divide动词原形；divides动词的三单形式；divides into动词短语的三单形式；divided动词的过去式。根据“often”可知，句子应用一般现在时。主语是Our English teacher，应用三单。divide...into...意为“把……分成什么……”。故选B。 9．_________ the population of India will be more than that of China in the future. A．It said that B．That said C．It is said that D．That is said 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据说未来印度的人口将超过中国。 考查it句型。根据“… the population of India will be more than that of China in the future.”可知，此处应表示“据说”，为It is said that。故选C。 10．—Jimmy, why are you looking so ______? —Well, I got a job from a very famous company. A．pleasure B．pleasant C．pleased 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——吉米，你怎么看起来这么高兴？——嗯，我在一家非常有名的公司找到了一份工作。 考查形容词作表语。pleasure快乐，名词；pleasant令人愉悦的，通常修饰物；pleased愉悦的，通常修饰人。根据“why are you looking so”可知，需要形容词作表语，且修饰人，故选C。 二、单词拼写 11．I have a ________ （Canada） friend and we have communicated with each other for five years. 【答案】Canadian 【详解】句意：我有一个加拿大朋友，我们已经互相交流五年了。“friend（朋友）” 是名词，需用形容词修饰，“Canada（加拿大，名词）” 的形容词形式 “Canadian（加拿大的）” 符合语境。故填 Canadian。 12．There are all sorts of animals in the zoo,_________（include） pandas, bears and kangaroos. 【答案】including 【详解】句意：动物园里有各种各样的动物，包括熊猫、熊和袋鼠。“include” 是动词，意为 “包括” ，但此处需要一个词来引出后面列举的内容（熊猫、熊、袋鼠），作伴随状语。“including” 是介词，意为 “包括…… 在内” ，常用于列举事物时引出具体例子，符合句子中 “引出动物园里的动物种类” 的语境。故填 including 。 13．The storybooks ________ (write) by the writer in the 1960s. 【答案】were written 【详解】句意：这些故事书是由作者在20世纪60年代写的。根据“The storybooks…by the writer in the 1960s.”及提示词可知，句子时态为一般过去时，并且表达故事书被作者写，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were done”，主语“The storybooks”为复数，因此be动词应用were，write“写”，动词，过去分词为written。故填were written。 14．The ________ (popular) of the Internet has risen around the world. 【答案】popularity 【详解】句意：互联网的普及在全世界兴起。popular是形容词，意为“流行的”，空前是冠词the，此处需要名词形式来表示“普及”，它的名词形式是popularity，故填popularity。 15．I ______ (sudden) realized that there was someone following me. 【答案】suddenly 【详解】句意：我突然意识到有人在跟踪我。sudden“突然的”，形容词，此处修饰动词realized，用副词suddenly“突然地”。故填suddenly。 16．Shiqian moss tea ________ (regard) as a precious local product in Tongren. 【答案】is regarded 【详解】句意：石阡苔茶在铜仁被视为珍贵的地方特产。regard“看待、认为”，结合语境，石阡苔茶是“被视为”特产，需要使用被动语态。被动语态的结构为“be + 过去分词”，主语Shiqian moss tea为单数，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故be动词用is，regard的过去分词是regarded。故填is regarded。 17．Mobile phones are ________ (wide) used in most of the cities in China. 【答案】widely 【详解】句意：在中国的大多数城市，手机被广泛使用。空处修饰used应用副词，widely“广泛地”，副词，故填widely。 18．Dried vegetable is a local dish of Shaoxing which is ________(know) all over China. 【答案】known 【详解】句意：菜干是绍兴的一道地方特色菜，其名声已传遍全中国。which引导的是定语从句，先行词是a local dish of Shaoxing，与know之间是被动关系，结合is可知，此空应填过去分词known，故填known。 19．Kang Jian has to visit many stores in order to avoid buying ________ (produce) that are made in Japan. 【答案】products 【详解】句意：为了避免买到日本制造的产品，康建不得不逛很多商店。根据“in order to avoid buying...(produce)”可知，此处指购买产品，product“产品”，结合“that are”，可知空处应填入名词复数products。故填products。 三、选词填空 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。 invent, warm, be, teach, both, encourage, and, into, silk, that    In ancient times, people covered themselves with animal skins or leaves until the arrival of the Goddess of Silkworm(蚕神). She was a pretty and kind-hearted girl. Unluckily, at that time 1 her parents were ill, and she had to go out herself to pick wild fruit for them. But soon there 2 no more fruit to pick around her home. She was so worried 3 she began to cry under a mulberry(桑葚) tree. Finally, the Emperor in Heaven was moved by her story and sent a god to turn 4 a silkworm on the mulberry tree. The silkworm dropped some sweet mulberries into the girl’s mouth. When she realized that the mulberry could be eaten, she was very happy 5 picked some for her parents every day. That summer, the silkworm began to give silk and build a cocoon(茧). The girl took the 6 out of the cocoon and then made into clothes. The clothes felt cool in the summer and stayed 7 in the winter. So she picked some silkworms from the mulberry tree and raised them. Later, she began to 8 local people to weave(纺织) and wear beautiful and comfortable silk clothes. The King was happy about her 9 and decided to give her a new name Leizu. Later, Leizu married the Yellow Emperor and helped him unite China. She also 10 the emperor to spread sericulture(养蚕业) across the country. Since then, Leizu has been respected by Chinese people as the Goddess of Silkworm. 【答案】 1．both 2．was 3．that 4．into 5．and 6．silk 7．warm 8．teach 9．invention 10．encouraged 【导语】本文讲述了被中国人尊为蚕神的嫘祖的故事。 1．句意：不幸的是，那时她的父母都生病了，她不得不自己出去给他们摘野果。本句强调父母两个人，both两者都，符合语境。故填both。 2．句意：但是很快她家周围就没有水果可摘了。there be表示“有”，本文讲述的发生在过去的故事，用一般过去时，主语fruit是不可数名词，所以be动词使用was。故填was。 3．句意：她非常担心，于是在一棵桑葚树下哭了起来。so...that...“如此……以致于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 4．句意：最后，天庭中的玉皇大帝被她的故事感动了，派了一个神在桑树上变成了一只蚕。根据“a silkworm ”可知，此处使用turn into“转变成”，符合语境。故填into。 5．句意：当她意识到桑葚可以吃的时候，非常高兴，每天都摘一些给她的父母。picked与前面的was并列做谓语，用and连接。故填and。 6．句意：女孩从茧中取出丝，然后做成衣服。空处填名词做took的宾语，结合所给词汇，表示从茧里拿出来的就是蚕丝了。silk“蚕丝”，符合语境。故填silk。 7．句意：这些衣服夏天感觉凉爽，冬天感觉温暖。根据“cool in the summer”可知，此处使用warm“暖和的”，表示“冬天很暖和”。故填warm。 8．句意：后来，她开始教当地人编织和穿漂亮舒适的丝绸衣服。begin to do“开始做某事”，因此空格处应填动词原形，由空格后“local people to weave…”可知此处是讲述“她”教当地人纺织。teach“教”，符合语境。故填teach。 9．句意：君主对她的发明感到很高兴，并决定给她一个新的名字叫嫘祖。形容词性物主代词her后接名词，此处表达的是“她”养蚕纺织的发明。invention“发明”，符合语境。故填invention。 10．句意：她还鼓励皇帝在全国推广养蚕业。结合所给词汇可推断，此处表达的是嫘祖鼓励玉帝推广养蚕业。encourage“鼓励”，encourage sb to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，空格处应填动词作谓语，由于讲述的是过去的故事，应使用一般过去时。故填encouraged。 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $