专题03 阅读理解词义猜测题（专题专练）（天津专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题03 词义猜测题 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01词义猜测题考点综合练（单句填空·语境线索）（原创&最新模拟） 题型02词义猜测进阶练（单项选择·真题模拟）（最新模拟&原创） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（篇章结构、语篇语法填空） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中的必考题型，要求考生根据上下文线索、逻辑关系、构词法知识等推断生词、短语或句子的含义。天津卷对词义猜测题的考查尤为重视，常出现在记叙文和议论文中。 解题技巧： 1. 定义线索：利用文中的定义、同位语、定语从句等猜测词义。 2. 逻辑线索：利用因果、转折、对比、并列等逻辑关系推断词义。 3. 构词法线索：利用前缀、后缀、合成词等构词知识猜测词义。 4. 语境线索：结合上下文提供的具体情景和语境进行合理推断。 1．【2007·天津卷】The underlined word “compassion” in Paragraph 6 is the closest in meaning to ______. “Rome has tried to protect fish more than anywhere else in the world. It stands out for recognizing that fish are interesting animals who deserve(值得) our respect and compassion every bit as much as dogs and cats and other animals,” said Karin Robertson. 【答案】pity 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：罗马认识到鱼类是有趣的动物，它们值得像狗、猫和其他动物一样得到我们的尊重和同情。根据并列连词and可知，respect and compassion并列，且都属于“情感”范畴，故推测compassion与pity（同情）意义最接近。故填pity。 2．【2025·天津市和平区高三一模】The underlined word “intriguing” in Paragraph 1 most likely means ______. Recently, a team of researchers from Harvard Medical School has made some intriguing findings that could lead to new approaches in treating age-related memory decline. 【答案】Fascinating 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：最近，哈佛医学院的一个研究小组取得了一些有趣的发现，这些发现可能会带来治疗与年龄相关的记忆衰退的新方法。根据定语从句“that could lead to new approaches...”可知，这些发现能够带来新方法，因此是非常“吸引人的、有趣的”。故填Fascinating。 3．【2025·天津市南开区高三一模】What does the underlined word “grueling” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? Long, a rider all his life, entered the race after being inspired by All the Wild Horses, a movie based on the grueling event. 【答案】Difficult and exhausting 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：Long一生都是骑手，他在受到电影《All the Wild Horses》的启发后参加了比赛，这部电影就是根据这一艰难的事件改编的。根据下文“Fearing that he wouldn't be able to complete it”可知，Long担心自己无法完成比赛，说明比赛非常艰难，令人筋疲力尽。故填Difficult and exhausting。 01词义猜测基础练（原创&最新模拟） 技巧点拨： 本部分训练单句中通过语境线索猜测词义的能力。注意利用定义、同位语、定语从句、标点符号（如破折号、冒号）等直接线索。 1．A philanthropist is someone who gives a lot of money, time, and effort to help people, especially through charitable activities. 【答案】慈善家 【解析】考查定义猜测。句意：慈善家是那些捐出大量金钱、时间和精力来帮助他人的人，尤其是通过慈善活动。根据“is someone who”可知，后文是对philanthropist的定义，故推测其意为“慈善家”。 2．The heavy rain caused the river to overflow its banks, flooding the nearby fields and roads. 【答案】泛滥；溢出 【解析】考查因果猜测。句意：大雨导致河水泛滥，淹没了附近的田野和道路。根据结果“flooding the nearby fields and roads”可知，河水漫过了河岸，故推测overflow意为“泛滥；溢出”。 3．He is known for his punctuality; he always arrives exactly on time for every appointment. 【答案】守时 【解析】考查同义线索。句意：他以守时著称；他每次约会都准时到达。分号后的内容是对punctuality的解释，故推测其意为“守时”。 4．Unlike his gregarious sister who loves parties, he is shy and prefers to stay at home alone. 【答案】爱交际的；合群的 【解析】考查对比线索。句意：不像他爱交际的姐姐喜欢聚会，他害羞且喜欢独自待在家里。根据unlike可知，gregarious与shy形成对比，故推测其意为“爱交际的；合群的”。 5．She felt elated after receiving the good news; however, her friend was despondent because of the bad news. 【答案】兴高采烈的 【解析】考查对比线索。句意：收到好消息后，她感到兴高采烈；然而，她的朋友因为坏消息而沮丧。根据however可知，elated与despondent（沮丧的）形成对比，故推测其意为“兴高采烈的”。 6．The team's morale was low after the defeat, but the coach's inspiring speech helped to revive their spirits. 【答案】恢复；使复苏 【解析】考查因果猜测。句意：失败后团队士气低落，但教练鼓舞人心的演讲帮助他们恢复了精神。根据前因“morale was low”和结果“inspiring speech helped”可知，演讲使他们的精神重新振作起来，故推测revive意为“恢复；使复苏”。 7．Some animals, such as the chameleon, can camouflage themselves by changing color to blend in with their surroundings. 【答案】伪装 【解析】考查定义猜测。句意：有些动物，比如变色龙，可以通过改变颜色来伪装自己，与周围环境融为一体。“by changing color to blend in with their surroundings”是对camouflage的定义，故推测其意为“伪装”。 8．The instructions were so ambiguous that we couldn't understand what to do; in contrast, the teacher's later explanation was very clear and specific. 【答案】模糊不清的；歧义的 【解析】考查对比线索。句意：指示如此模糊，以至于我们不知道该怎么办；相比之下，老师后来的解释非常清晰具体。根据in contrast可知，ambiguous与clear形成对比，故推测其意为“模糊不清的；歧义的”。 9．The sound was barely audible, so we had to put our ears close to the door to hear it. 【答案】听得见的 【解析】考查因果猜测。句意：声音几乎听不见，所以我们不得不把耳朵贴近门才能听到。根据结果“put our ears close to the door to hear it”可知，声音很难被听到，故推测audible意为“听得见的”。 10．His generosity is well-known; he often donates large sums of money to charity and helps those in need without expecting anything in return. 【答案】慷慨 【解析】考查同义线索。句意：他的慷慨是众所周知的；他经常向慈善机构捐赠大笔款项，帮助有需要的人而不求回报。分号后的内容是对generosity的具体描述，故推测其意为“慷慨”。 02 词义猜测进阶练（最新模拟&原创） 技巧点拨： 本部分训练在完整的阅读理解语境中猜测词义的能力。注意利用上下文逻辑关系、作者态度、文章主旨等线索。 1．(2025·天津市和平区高三一模) What does the underlined word “articulate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? “So many emotions came up that I just couldn't articulate. It was like this mix of anger, relief, empowerment, sadness...” Cho said. A．get rid of  B．put up with  C．express in words  D．stay focused 【答案】C 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：太多的情绪涌上心头，我无法用语言表达。这是一种愤怒、解脱、赋权、悲伤的混合体。根据后文“It was like this mix of anger, relief, empowerment, sadness...”可知，Cho在描述自己的情绪，但无法articulate，故推测其意为“用语言表达”。故选C。 2．(2024·天津市河西区高三期末) The underlined word “aligns” most likely means ______. Though her income dropped significantly, she described her work as “a daily discovery of purpose.” This aligns with psychologist Abraham Maslow's theory that self-actualization — not basic needs — defines peak human experiences. A．Conflicts  B．measures  C．complicates  D．agrees 【答案】D 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：这与心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛的理论一致，即自我实现——而非基本需求——定义了人类的巅峰体验。前文提到她的工作是“每天发现目标”，这与马斯洛的理论观点一致，故推测aligns with意为“与……一致”。故选D。 3．(2025·天津市耀华中学高三模拟) The underlined word “vigilant” in last Paragraph most likely means ______. Despite its benefits, we must be vigilant of challenges AI adoption faces, such as high initial costs and the need for digital infrastructure in rural areas. A．Careless  B．outdated  C．watchful  D．expensive 【答案】C 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：尽管人工智能有诸多好处，但我们必须警惕其应用过程中面临的挑战。根据后文列举的挑战“high initial costs”可知，我们需要保持警惕，故推测vigilant意为“警惕的”。故选C。 4．(2023·天津市南开区高三二模) The underlined word “memoir” in Paragraph 2 most likely means ______. Now 55 years old, Suzanne has shared her tale of survival on TikTok, and recalled her 10 years at sea in her tell-all memoir Wave Walker. A．Personal experiences  B．Scientific research C．Extraordinary tales  D．Offshore exploration 【答案】A 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：现年55岁的Suzanne在TikTok上分享了她求生的故事，并在她毫无保留的回忆录《Wave Walker》中回忆了她在海上的10年。根据前文“shared her tale”和“recalled her 10 years at sea”可知，memoir是记录个人经历的回忆录，故推测其意为“个人经历”。故选A。 5．(2022·天津市红桥区高三二模) The underlined word “exacerbate” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______. To keep track of the books I've read, I turned to Goodreads, a social networking platform for book lovers. It's a great way to share recommendations with friends and show off your literary progress. However, if we can't achieve reading goals or can't catch up with our friends, it can also exacerbate the feeling of “not doing enough” of your favorite hobby. A．Worsen  B．Affect  C．Relieve  D．Improve 【答案】A 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：然而，如果我们无法实现阅读目标或无法赶上朋友，这也会加剧你对自己喜欢的爱好“做得不够”的感觉。前文说Goodreads是好方法，但However转折，说明无法达到目标会产生负面影响，故推测exacerbate意为“加剧；恶化”。故选A。 6．(2021·天津卷·第一次) The underlined part “leaving behind the layer” in Paragraph 8 can be understood as ______. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind. A．letting go of the past  B．looking for a new job C．getting rid of a bad habit  D．giving up an opportunity 【答案】A 【解析】考查短语猜测。句意：我看到他脱掉不再适合他的那一层，就像我们的蜥蜴一样。根据后文“we have to learn to leave the past behind”可知，leaving behind the layer与leaving the past behind同义，故推测其意为“放下过去”。故选A。 7．(2020·天津卷·第一次) The underlined word “sharp” probably means in Paragraph 4 ______. The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. A．Quick to react  B．Having a thin edge C．Clear and definite  D．Sudden and rapid 【答案】C 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：这些人在童年时所做的事情与他们成年后的发展之间的联系惊人地清晰。后文列举了大量数据说明两者的关联，故推测sharp在此意为“清晰的；明确的”。故选C。 8．(2017·天津卷) What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to? The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future. A．A place where cars often break down. B．A case where passing a law is impossible. C．An area where no driving is permitted. D．A situation where drivers‘ role is not clear. 【答案】D 【解析】考查短语猜测。句意：该提案试图处理一些人称之为自动驾驶汽车“死亡谷”的问题：介于半自动驾驶和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带，这可能会推迟无人驾驶的未来。冒号后的内容是对death valley的解释，即“司机角色不清楚的灰色地带”。故选D。 Passage 1 When I was a child, my grandmother often told me stories. She had a wonderful way of making every tale come alive. Her voice would rise and fall, and her eyes would sparkle with excitement. She was a natural raconteur. I never knew what that word meant until years later when I looked it up in a dictionary. Now I understand that her ability to tell stories was truly special. People would gather around her, listening with rapt attention, completely absorbed in her words. They were so focused that you could hear a pin drop. The word rapt perfectly describes their state. They were not just listening; they were transported into the world she created. It's a skill that seems to be disappearing in our age of digital distractions. 1．The underlined word “raconteur” in the passage most likely means a person who ______. A．is good at telling stories B．enjoys listening to music C．has a wonderful imagination D．speaks many different languages 【答案】A 【解析】考查词义猜测。根据前文“She had a wonderful way of making every tale come alive.”和“her ability to tell stories was truly special”可知，祖母擅长讲故事，故推测raconteur意为“擅长讲故事的人”。故选A。 2．The underlined word “rapt” in the passage most likely means ______. A．focused and attentive B．relaxed and comfortable C．excited and curious D．confused and puzzled 【答案】A 【解析】考查词义猜测。根据后文“completely absorbed in her words”和“They were so focused that you could hear a pin drop”可知，听众完全被吸引，注意力高度集中，故推测rapt意为“全神贯注的”。故选A。 Passage 2 My first attempt at cooking was a complete fiasco. I had decided to make a simple pasta dish, but everything went wrong. First, I burned the garlic because I left it on the stove for too long. Then, I accidentally added salt instead of sugar to the sauce. The final result was so terrible that even my dog refused to eat it. My family couldn't help but laugh at my culinary disaster. My sister said, “Well, at least you tried. Maybe you should stick to ordering takeout.” It was a humbling experience, but it taught me that some skills take time to develop. I decided to take a cooking class to improve my abilities. 3．The underlined word “fiasco” in the passage most likely means ______. A．a great success B．a total failure C．a difficult task D．a simple mistake 【答案】B 【解析】考查词义猜测。根据后文描述“烧焦大蒜”“加错盐”以及“狗都不吃”可知，这次烹饪尝试彻底失败了，故推测fiasco意为“彻底失败”。故选B。 4．The underlined word “culinary” in the passage most likely relates to ______. A．studying B．dancing C．cooking D．singing 【答案】C 【解析】考查词义猜测。全文讲述作者第一次烹饪的经历，此处“my culinary disaster”指的就是上文提到的烹饪失败，故推测culinary意为“烹饪的”。故选C。 Passage 3 The old house had a musty smell, as if it had been closed up for decades. Dust covered every surface, and the air felt heavy and damp. Walking through the rooms, I could feel the weight of time. Some of the furniture was still there, but it was all in a state of disrepair. One chair had a broken leg, and the sofa was torn and stained. It was a melancholy sight, reminding me of the people who had once lived there and the stories that had unfolded within these walls. I felt a deep sense of sadness and loss. The house seemed to whisper its history to me, a history filled with both joy and sorrow. 5．The underlined word “musty” in the passage most likely means smelling ______. A．sweet and pleasant B．fresh and clean C．old and damp D．strange and unusual 【答案】C 【解析】考查词义猜测。根据后文“as if it had been closed up for decades”和“the air felt heavy and damp”可知，房子很久没人住，空气潮湿，故推测musty意为“发霉的；有陈腐味的”。故选C。 6．The underlined word “melancholy” in the passage most likely means ______. A．happy and cheerful B．sad and depressing C．beautiful and impressive D．strange and mysterious 【答案】B 【解析】考查词义猜测。根据后文“reminding me of the people who had once lived there and the stories that had unfolded”和“a deep sense of sadness and loss”可知，作者看到此景感到悲伤，故推测melancholy意为“忧郁的；令人悲伤的”。故选B。 一、阅读理解 Passage 1 （2025·天津市九校高三联考改编） There is a well-known saying: "Where there is a will, there is a way." Never has this been more true than in the story of Zhang Ming, a young man from a small village who overcame tremendous odds to become a successful entrepreneur. Born into a poor family, Zhang had to work part-time while studying. Hard as his life was, he never complained. Instead, he focused on his goal: to create a better life for himself and his family. Only through sheer determination did he manage to finish college with excellent grades. After graduation, he started a small business. Difficult as the initial years were, he persisted. Not until his fifth year in business did his company begin to turn a profit. "Never give up on your dreams," he often tells young people. "So important is perseverance that it can turn the impossible into possible." Now his company employs over 500 people, many of whom come from similar backgrounds. Such is the impact one person can make when they refuse to give up. Had he listened to the naysayers, he would not be where he is today. It was his unwavering belief in himself that carried him through the darkest times. 1．The underlined phrase “naysayers” in the last paragraph most likely refers to people who ______. A．offer help and support B．express doubt or opposition C．share similar experiences D．provide financial assistance 【答案】B 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：如果他当初听了那些人的话，他就不会有今天的成就。根据前文“Never give up on your dreams”和“refuse to give up”可知，naysayers是指那些劝阻他、质疑他的人，故推测其意为“反对者；怀疑者”。故选B。 2．The underlined word “unwavering” in the last paragraph most likely means ______. A．changing B．strong C．weak D．brief 【答案】B 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：正是他坚定不移的信念支撑他度过了最黑暗的时期。根据前文“sheer determination”和“persisted”可知，他的信念非常坚定，故推测unwavering意为“坚定的；不动摇的”。故选B。 Passage 2 （2024·天津市河西区高三二模改编） In today's fast-paced world, finding time to read can be challenging. Yet, so valuable is reading that experts recommend making it a daily habit. Only by setting aside dedicated time can we truly benefit from the wealth of knowledge books offer. Never before have we had such easy access to books. With e-readers and smartphones, thousands of titles are just a click away. But accessibility alone is not enough. Hard as it may be, we must resist the distractions of social media and other digital temptations. It was not until I started reading regularly that I noticed significant changes in my life. My vocabulary expanded, my critical thinking improved, and my stress levels decreased. Such were the benefits that I wondered why I hadn't started earlier. "If you don't have time to read, you don't have time to succeed," some say. While this may sound extreme, there is truth in it. Reading opens minds, broadens horizons, and enriches souls. So important is this habit that it can literally transform your life. Had I known this earlier, I would have started reading years ago. 3．The underlined word “temptations” in Paragraph 2 most likely means ______. A．things that attract or lure you B．things that help you relax C．things that improve your skills D．things that waste your time 【答案】A 【解析】考查词义猜测。句意：尽管可能很难，但我们必须抵制社交媒体和其他数字诱惑的干扰。根据前文“distractions”可知，社交媒体等会分散注意力，吸引人们远离阅读，故推测temptations意为“诱惑；有吸引力的东西”。故选A。 4．The underlined phrase “broadens horizons” in Paragraph 4 most likely means ______. A．limits one's vision B．expands one's knowledge and experience C．focuses one's attention D．changes one's opinion 【答案】B 【解析】考查短语猜测。句意：阅读开阔思维，拓宽视野，丰富灵魂。“opens minds”和“enriches souls”都是阅读的积极影响，故broadens horizons应与它们并列，表示“拓宽视野；增加见识”。故选B。 二、单句填空（真题改编） 1.（2021·天津卷·第一次）The underlined part “leaving behind the layer” in Paragraph 8 can be understood as letting go of the ______. 【答案】past 【解析】考查短语猜测。根据原文“I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind”可知，leaving behind the layer与leave the past behind同义，故填past。 2.（2020·天津卷·第一次）The underlined word “sharp” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______. (写出英文释义) 【答案】clear/definite 【解析】考查词义猜测。根据上下文可知，童年活动与成年发展之间的联系非常“清晰明确”，故填clear或definite。 3.（2017·天津卷）The phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refers to a situation where drivers' ______ is not clear. 【答案】role 【解析】考查短语猜测。根据原文“the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars”可知，这是司机角色不清楚的地带，故填role。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 词义猜测题 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01词义猜测题考点综合练（单句填空·语境线索）（原创&最新模拟） 题型02词义猜测进阶练（单项选择·真题模拟）（最新模拟&原创） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（篇章结构、语篇语法填空） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中的必考题型，要求考生根据上下文线索、逻辑关系、构词法知识等推断生词、短语或句子的含义。天津卷对词义猜测题的考查尤为重视，常出现在记叙文和议论文中。 解题技巧： 1. 定义线索：利用文中的定义、同位语、定语从句等猜测词义。 2. 逻辑线索：利用因果、转折、对比、并列等逻辑关系推断词义。 3. 构词法线索：利用前缀、后缀、合成词等构词知识猜测词义。 4. 语境线索：结合上下文提供的具体情景和语境进行合理推断。 1．【2007·天津卷】The underlined word “compassion” in Paragraph 6 is the closest in meaning to ______. “Rome has tried to protect fish more than anywhere else in the world. It stands out for recognizing that fish are interesting animals who deserve(值得) our respect and compassion every bit as much as dogs and cats and other animals,” said Karin Robertson. 2．【2025·天津市和平区高三一模】The underlined word “intriguing” in Paragraph 1 most likely means ______. Recently, a team of researchers from Harvard Medical School has made some intriguing findings that could lead to new approaches in treating age-related memory decline. 3．【2025·天津市南开区高三一模】What does the underlined word “grueling” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? Long, a rider all his life, entered the race after being inspired by All the Wild Horses, a movie based on the grueling event. 01词义猜测基础练（原创&最新模拟） 技巧点拨： 本部分训练单句中通过语境线索猜测词义的能力。注意利用定义、同位语、定语从句、标点符号（如破折号、冒号）等直接线索。 1．A philanthropist is someone who gives a lot of money, time, and effort to help people, especially through charitable activities. 2．The heavy rain caused the river to overflow its banks, flooding the nearby fields and roads. 3．He is known for his punctuality; he always arrives exactly on time for every appointment. 4．Unlike his gregarious sister who loves parties, he is shy and prefers to stay at home alone. 5．She felt elated after receiving the good news; however, her friend was despondent because of the bad news. 6．The team's morale was low after the defeat, but the coach's inspiring speech helped to revive their spirits. 7．Some animals, such as the chameleon, can camouflage themselves by changing color to blend in with their surroundings. 8．The instructions were so ambiguous that we couldn't understand what to do; in contrast, the teacher's later explanation was very clear and specific. 9．The sound was barely audible, so we had to put our ears close to the door to hear it. 10．His generosity is well-known; he often donates large sums of money to charity and helps those in need without expecting anything in return. 02 词义猜测进阶练（最新模拟&原创） 技巧点拨： 本部分训练在完整的阅读理解语境中猜测词义的能力。注意利用上下文逻辑关系、作者态度、文章主旨等线索。 1．(2025·天津市和平区高三一模) What does the underlined word “articulate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? “So many emotions came up that I just couldn't articulate. It was like this mix of anger, relief, empowerment, sadness...” Cho said. A．get rid of  B．put up with  C．express in words  D．stay focused 2．(2024·天津市河西区高三期末) The underlined word “aligns” most likely means ______. Though her income dropped significantly, she described her work as “a daily discovery of purpose.” This aligns with psychologist Abraham Maslow's theory that self-actualization — not basic needs — defines peak human experiences. A．Conflicts  B．measures  C．complicates  D．agrees 3．(2025·天津市耀华中学高三模拟) The underlined word “vigilant” in last Paragraph most likely means ______. Despite its benefits, we must be vigilant of challenges AI adoption faces, such as high initial costs and the need for digital infrastructure in rural areas. A．Careless  B．outdated  C．watchful  D．expensive 4．(2023·天津市南开区高三二模) The underlined word “memoir” in Paragraph 2 most likely means ______. Now 55 years old, Suzanne has shared her tale of survival on TikTok, and recalled her 10 years at sea in her tell-all memoir Wave Walker. A．Personal experiences  B．Scientific research C．Extraordinary tales  D．Offshore exploration 5．(2022·天津市红桥区高三二模) The underlined word “exacerbate” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______. To keep track of the books I've read, I turned to Goodreads, a social networking platform for book lovers. It's a great way to share recommendations with friends and show off your literary progress. However, if we can't achieve reading goals or can't catch up with our friends, it can also exacerbate the feeling of “not doing enough” of your favorite hobby. A．Worsen  B．Affect  C．Relieve  D．Improve 6．(2021·天津卷·第一次) The underlined part “leaving behind the layer” in Paragraph 8 can be understood as ______. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind. A．letting go of the past  B．looking for a new job C．getting rid of a bad habit  D．giving up an opportunity 7．(2020·天津卷·第一次) The underlined word “sharp” probably means in Paragraph 4 ______. The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. A．Quick to react  B．Having a thin edge C．Clear and definite  D．Sudden and rapid 8．(2017·天津卷) What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to? The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future. A．A place where cars often break down. B．A case where passing a law is impossible. C．An area where no driving is permitted. D．A situation where drivers‘ role is not clear. Passage 1 When I was a child, my grandmother often told me stories. She had a wonderful way of making every tale come alive. Her voice would rise and fall, and her eyes would sparkle with excitement. She was a natural raconteur. I never knew what that word meant until years later when I looked it up in a dictionary. Now I understand that her ability to tell stories was truly special. People would gather around her, listening with rapt attention, completely absorbed in her words. They were so focused that you could hear a pin drop. The word rapt perfectly describes their state. They were not just listening; they were transported into the world she created. It's a skill that seems to be disappearing in our age of digital distractions. 1．The underlined word “raconteur” in the passage most likely means a person who ______. A．is good at telling stories B．enjoys listening to music C．has a wonderful imagination D．speaks many different languages 2．The underlined word “rapt” in the passage most likely means ______. A．focused and attentive B．relaxed and comfortable C．excited and curious D．confused and puzzled Passage 2 My first attempt at cooking was a complete fiasco. I had decided to make a simple pasta dish, but everything went wrong. First, I burned the garlic because I left it on the stove for too long. Then, I accidentally added salt instead of sugar to the sauce. The final result was so terrible that even my dog refused to eat it. My family couldn't help but laugh at my culinary disaster. My sister said, “Well, at least you tried. Maybe you should stick to ordering takeout.” It was a humbling experience, but it taught me that some skills take time to develop. I decided to take a cooking class to improve my abilities. 3．The underlined word “fiasco” in the passage most likely means ______. A．a great success B．a total failure C．a difficult task D．a simple mistake 4．The underlined word “culinary” in the passage most likely relates to ______. A．studying B．dancing C．cooking D．singing Passage 3 The old house had a musty smell, as if it had been closed up for decades. Dust covered every surface, and the air felt heavy and damp. Walking through the rooms, I could feel the weight of time. Some of the furniture was still there, but it was all in a state of disrepair. One chair had a broken leg, and the sofa was torn and stained. It was a melancholy sight, reminding me of the people who had once lived there and the stories that had unfolded within these walls. I felt a deep sense of sadness and loss. The house seemed to whisper its history to me, a history filled with both joy and sorrow. 5．The underlined word “musty” in the passage most likely means smelling ______. A．sweet and pleasant B．fresh and clean C．old and damp D．strange and unusual 6．The underlined word “melancholy” in the passage most likely means ______. A．happy and cheerful B．sad and depressing C．beautiful and impressive D．strange and mysterious 一、阅读理解 Passage 1 （2025·天津市九校高三联考改编） There is a well-known saying: "Where there is a will, there is a way." Never has this been more true than in the story of Zhang Ming, a young man from a small village who overcame tremendous odds to become a successful entrepreneur. Born into a poor family, Zhang had to work part-time while studying. Hard as his life was, he never complained. Instead, he focused on his goal: to create a better life for himself and his family. Only through sheer determination did he manage to finish college with excellent grades. After graduation, he started a small business. Difficult as the initial years were, he persisted. Not until his fifth year in business did his company begin to turn a profit. "Never give up on your dreams," he often tells young people. "So important is perseverance that it can turn the impossible into possible." Now his company employs over 500 people, many of whom come from similar backgrounds. Such is the impact one person can make when they refuse to give up. Had he listened to the naysayers, he would not be where he is today. It was his unwavering belief in himself that carried him through the darkest times. 1．The underlined phrase “naysayers” in the last paragraph most likely refers to people who ______. A．offer help and support B．express doubt or opposition C．share similar experiences D．provide financial assistance 2．The underlined word “unwavering” in the last paragraph most likely means ______. A．changing B．strong C．weak D．brief Passage 2 （2024·天津市河西区高三二模改编） In today's fast-paced world, finding time to read can be challenging. Yet, so valuable is reading that experts recommend making it a daily habit. Only by setting aside dedicated time can we truly benefit from the wealth of knowledge books offer. Never before have we had such easy access to books. With e-readers and smartphones, thousands of titles are just a click away. But accessibility alone is not enough. Hard as it may be, we must resist the distractions of social media and other digital temptations. It was not until I started reading regularly that I noticed significant changes in my life. My vocabulary expanded, my critical thinking improved, and my stress levels decreased. Such were the benefits that I wondered why I hadn't started earlier. "If you don't have time to read, you don't have time to succeed," some say. While this may sound extreme, there is truth in it. Reading opens minds, broadens horizons, and enriches souls. So important is this habit that it can literally transform your life. Had I known this earlier, I would have started reading years ago. 3．The underlined word “temptations” in Paragraph 2 most likely means ______. A．things that attract or lure you B．things that help you relax C．things that improve your skills D．things that waste your time 4．The underlined phrase “broadens horizons” in Paragraph 4 most likely means ______. A．limits one's vision B．expands one's knowledge and experience C．focuses one's attention D．changes one's opinion 二、单句填空（真题改编） 1.（2021·天津卷·第一次）The underlined part “leaving behind the layer” in Paragraph 8 can be understood as letting go of the ______. 2.（2020·天津卷·第一次）The underlined word “sharp” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______. (写出英文释义) 3.（2017·天津卷）The phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refers to a situation where drivers' ______ is not clear. 10 / 11 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $