Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元话题阅读套餐练 -八年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries单元话题阅读套餐练 选材聚焦本单元话题，语篇以不同题型呈现，兼顾多种文本体裁，难度适中。 语法选择 A.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 An Explosive Invention China is famous for the “Four Great Inventions”. Among them, gunpowder has perhaps had the biggest influence on the world. However, few people know that 1 original purpose was not for war. In ancient China, many alchemists (炼丹术士) wanted to live forever. They tried 2 different natural substances to create a special medicine. During the Tang Dynasty, an accident happened. A mixture of sulfur (硫磺), charcoal (木炭), and saltpeter (硝石) suddenly caught fire and exploded. The alchemists were shocked. They realized 3 they had created a powerful new material. At first, gunpowder was used for entertainment. 4 firecrackers became a popular way to celebrate the Spring Festival. People believed the loud noise could scare away evil spirits. Later, the use of gunpowder changed. It 5 to make weapons like fire arrows and cannons in the Song Dynasty. The technology slowly spread to the Arab world and Europe along the Silk Road. 6 it arrived in the West, it completely changed the way wars were fought. Knights (骑士) and castles could no longer stop the power of cannons. There is an old book 7 Wujing Zongyao. It records the earliest written formulas for gunpowder. Today, we still enjoy fireworks displays on holidays. 8 beautiful the colorful lights look in the night sky! Gunpowder is a double-edged sword. It can bring joy, 9 it can also cause destruction. We should learn from history. People 10 love peace hope that such power will always be used wisely. 1．A．it B．it’s C．its 2．A．mix B．to mix C．mixes 3．A．what B．which C．that 4．A．Lighting B．Lighted C．Light 5．A．used B．has used C．was used 6．A．After B．Unless C．Before 7．A．calls B．calling C．called 8．A．What B．Why C．How 9．A．but B．so C．or 10．A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了火药的发明过程及其用途的演变。文章讲述了火药最初由古代炼丹术士意外发明，最初用于娱乐，后来被用于战争，并传播到西方，改变了战争方式。最后指出火药是一把双刃剑，应被明智地使用。 1．句意：然而，很少有人知道它的最初目的并不是用于战争。 it它；it’s它是；its它的。根据“original purpose”可知，空格后是名词 purpose，此处需要形容词性物主代词作定语，表示“火药的”目的。故选C。 2．句意：他们尝试混合不同的天然物质来制作一种特殊的药物。 mix动词原形；to mix动词不定式；mixes动词第三人称单数。根据“tried”可知，此处表示try to do sth.，是固定搭配，意为“试图/努力做某事”，此处表示他们试图混合物质。故选B。 3．句意：他们意识到他们创造了一种强大的新材料。 what什么；which哪一个；that引导宾语从句，无实义。空格后是完整的宾语从句 they had created a powerful new material，且从句中不缺成分，应用that引导。故选C。 4．句意：燃放鞭炮成为庆祝春节的一种流行方式。 Lighting 点燃，现在分词；Lighted点燃，过去式、过去分词；Light点燃，动词原形。根据“firecrackers ”可知，此处需要动名词作主语，表示“燃放鞭炮”这一行为，应用Lighting。故选A。 5．句意：在宋朝，它被用来制造火药箭和大炮等武器。 used使用，过去式；has used现在完成时；was used一般过去时的被动语态。主语It（gunpowder）是动作的承受者，且描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 6．句意：在它到达西方之后，它彻底改变了战争的方式。 After在……之后；Unless除非；Before在……之前。根据逻辑，火药先传到西方，然后改变战争方式，应用After引导时间状语从句。故选A。 7．句意：有一本古书叫《武经总要》。 calls称呼，动词三单；calling现在分词；called 被称作，过去分词。此处用过去分词called作后置定语，修饰book，表示“被称作……的书”。故选C。 8．句意：五颜六色的灯光在夜空中看起来多美啊！ What什么，引导感叹句，修饰名词；Why为什么；How引导感叹句，修饰形容词、副词。空格后beautiful是形容词，应用How引导感叹句，结构为How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！故选C。 9．句意：它能带来欢乐，但也能造成破坏。 but但是；so所以；or或者。根据“It can bring joy”和“it can also cause destruction”可知，前后句是转折关系，表示火药既有好的一面也有坏的一面，应用but。故选A。 10．句意：热爱和平的人们希望这种力量永远被明智地使用。 which引导定语从句，指物；who引导定语从句，指人；whom引导定语从句，指人（宾格）。先行词是People，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故选B。 B.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 In a small town, there was a curious boy named Ted. He loved taking things apart and then putting them back together. He usually succeeded, 11 sometimes he failed. One day, while he was watching his mother cook, he noticed that she had difficulty 12 the sauce (酱). He thought there must be another way and decided to invent 13 better. After a busy afternoon, Ted created a new invention. He took apart a 14 wooden mixer (搅拌器) and then connected it to a motor (电动机). It was able to stir things by itself 15 it got power from the motor. It was so convenient that anyone 16 stir (搅拌) the sauce easily. The next day, he showed his invention to his mother, who was surprised and encouraged him to improve it. Ted kept working and finally added a timer, making it even 17 . The user could leave the tool on the table and not have to worry about the sauce burning. With his 18 support, he introduced it to his classmates. Later, hundreds of his schoolmates went to see it. Ted’s invention became popular 19 . They used it to mix drinks and sauces, and it was easy to clean. At the School Science Festival, Ted received an award for his creativity. Since then, he 20 many inventions which help people live better lives. It’s meaningful to find out what you have an interest in and keep going. 11．A．or B．and C．but 12．A．to stir B．stirred C．stirring 13．A．nothing B．something C．anything 14．A．broken B．broke C．break 15．A．though B．before C．if 16．A．could B．should C．must 17．A．good B．better C．best 18．A．mom B．moms C．mom’s 19．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 20．A．has invented B．invents C．will invent 【答案】 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了好奇的男孩泰德通过观察妈妈做饭的困难，自己动手改造发明了一个电动搅拌器，并在妈妈的鼓励下不断改进，最终获得成功的故事。 11．句意：他通常能成功，但有时也会失败。 or或者；and和；but但是。根据“He usually succeeded...sometimes he failed.”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用“but”。故选C。 12．句意：有一天，当他在看他妈妈做饭时，他注意到她搅拌酱汁有困难。 to stir搅拌，不定式；stirred搅拌，过去式；stirring搅拌，动名词。根据“had difficulty...the sauce”可知，have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”为常用表达。故选C。 13．句意：他认为一定有更好的办法，并决定发明一些更好的东西。 nothing没什么；something某事，某物；anything任何事物。根据“invent...better”可知，他想发明“一些东西”来改进。something better“更好的东西”。故选B。 14．句意：他拆解了一个坏掉的木制搅拌器。 broken坏掉的，形容词；broke打破，过去式；break打破，原形。根据“a...wooden mixer”可知，空处修饰名词“mixer”，应用形容词“broken”。故选A。 15．句意：它能够自己搅拌东西，如果它从电动机获得动力的话。 though尽管；before在……之前；if如果。根据“It was able to stir things by itself...it got power from the motor.”可知，搅拌器工作需要动力，这是一个条件，应用“if”引导条件状语从句。故选C。 16．句意：它如此方便，以至于任何人都可以轻松地搅拌酱汁。 could能够；should应该；must必须。根据“so convenient that anyone...stir the sauce easily”可知，有了这个工具，任何人“能够”轻松搅拌。故选A。 17．句意：泰德继续工作，最终加了一个计时器，使它甚至更好。 good好的，原级；better更好的，比较级；best最好的，最高级。根据“making it even...”和“even”通常修饰比较级可知，此处应用“better”。故选B。 18．句意：在他妈妈的支持下，他向同学们介绍了它。 mom妈妈，名词；moms妈妈们，复数；mom’s妈妈的，名词所有格。根据“With his...support”可知，空后“support”是名词，需要所有格“mom’s”来修饰，表示“他妈妈的支持”。故选C。 19．句意：泰德的发明很快就流行起来。 quick快的，形容词；quickly很快地，副词；quickness快速，名词。根据“became popular...”可知，空处修饰动词短语“became popular”，需用副词“quickly”。故选B。 20．句意：从那以后，他发明了许多帮助人们更好生活的发明。 has invented已经发明，现在完成时；invents发明，一般现在时；will invent将发明，一般将来时。根据“Since then”可知，主句应用现在完成时“has invented”。故选A。 选词填空 A.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．attractive      B．tried      C．surprising      D．expensive      E.areas There are many things in our everyday lives that have been invented accidentally. Some of these special accidents are quite 1 .       For example,at first jeans were made for workers.They were very strong and didn’t wear out easily.Later on,people who worked in different 2 found jeans could be used for a long time and they were fashionable and 3 . Thus, jeans became popular all over the world. The invention of the ballpoint pen was a surprise, too. Ladislas Biro, a Hungarian, found that pens weren’t clear enough. He 4 dry ink and a steel ball. Amazingly, this kind of pen could write clearly. F.mixture     G.hold     H.result     I.colourful      J.reason When you see 5 fireworks, you probably don’t think about a Chinese cook who, in old times, invented them. He put a few things together, which were common in the kitchen. The 6 burnt and formed beautiful light. Even the ice cream cones were the 7 of an accident. Ice cream cones were invented at the 1904 World’s Fair in St Louis, US. On a hot day, an ice cream vendor (小贩), had used up all of his cups to 8 ice cream. Another vendor shared some of his waffle-like pastry (网格状糕点) with him as cups. This new way to eat ice cream became a big hit. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．I 6．F 7．H 8．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了日常生活中许多物品（如牛仔裤、圆珠笔、烟花、蛋卷冰淇淋）都是偶然发明的，介绍了它们的发明背景和过程。 1．句意：这些特别的意外发明中，有一些相当令人惊讶。根据“Some of these special accidents are quite ...”可知，此处需要形容词作表语，描述这些意外发明的特点。结合下文“发明圆珠笔也是一个惊喜”的例子，能看出这些发明是出人意料的。方框中surprising意为“令人惊讶的”，符合语境。故填C。 2．句意：后来，在不同领域工作的人们发现牛仔裤可以穿很长时间，而且它们既时尚又有吸引力。根据“people who worked in different ...”可知，different后需要接复数名词，表示不同的工作领域。方框中areas意为“领域；地区”，是复数形式，符合语境。故填E。 3．句意：后来，在不同领域工作的人们发现牛仔裤可以穿很长时间，而且它们既时尚又有吸引力。根据“they were fashionable and ...”可知，and连接两个并列的形容词，描述牛仔裤的优点。方框中attractive意为“有吸引力的”，与fashionable并列，符合语境。故填A。 4．句意：他尝试了干墨水和一个钢珠。令人惊讶的是，这种笔可以清晰地书写。根据“Ladislas Biro, a Hungarian, found that pens weren't clear enough. He ... dry ink and a steel ball.”可知，此处需要动词作谓语，描述他为了改进笔所做的尝试。句子时态为一般过去时，方框中tried是try的过去式，意为“尝试”，符合语境。故填B。 5．句意：当你看到五颜六色的烟花时，你可能不会想到一位古代的中国厨师发明了它们。根据“When you see ... fireworks, you probably don't think about a Chinese cook who, in old times, invented them.”可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词fireworks，描述烟花的特点。方框中colourful意为“五颜六色的”，符合语境。故填I。 6．句意：这种混合物燃烧并形成了美丽的光。根据“He put a few things together, which were common in the kitchen. The ... burnt and formed beautiful light.”可知，此处需要名词指代厨师在厨房混合的几种东西。方框中mixture意为“混合物”，符合语境。故填F。 7．句意：甚至蛋卷冰淇淋也是一次意外的结果。根据“Even the ice cream cones were the ... of an accident.”可知，此处需要名词表示蛋卷冰淇淋是意外事件的产物。方框中result意为“结果”，符合语境。故填H。 8．句意：在一个炎热的日子里，一个冰淇淋小贩用光了所有用来装冰淇淋的杯子。根据“Another vendor shared some of his waffle-like pastry with him as cups. This new way to eat ice cream became a big hit.”可知，杯子的用途是盛放冰淇淋。方框中hold意为“容纳；拿着”，与to构成不定式，作后置定语修饰cups，符合语境。故填G。 B.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．skin     B．invention     C．method     D．discovery     E.afford When you hold a book in your hands, please stop and think. It is the result of thousands of years of human 9 . First came the invention of writing. With it, people didn’t have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people they never saw and share their knowledge with others. Later, the Greeks invented books with lots of pages to replace scrolls (卷轴). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal 10 . That changed in the thirteenth century. The Chinese invented the 11 of making paper. After that, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. The invention of the printing press made it possible for more people to 12 books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more stories are bought as e-books and read on a screen. 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．C 12．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了书籍的发展历史，从文字的发明、卷轴到纸质书籍，再到印刷术的出现，以及电子书的兴起，展现了人类发明如何推动知识传播和阅读方式的变化。 9．句意：它是人类数千年发明的结果。根据“First came the invention of writing.”可知，下文提到了文字的发明、书籍的出现等，因此这里指的是人类的“发明”。方框中invention意为“发明”，符合语境。故填B。 10．句意：在一千多年的时间里，书籍的书页是由动物皮制成的。根据“the pages of books were made from animal...”可知，这里指古代书页的制作材料是动物皮，方框中skin意为“皮；皮肤”，符合语境，animal skin表示“动物皮”。故填A。 11．句意：中国人发明了造纸的方法。根据“The Chinese invented the... of making paper”可知，这里指发明了造纸的方法，方框中method意为“方法”，符合语境，the method of making paper表示“造纸的方法”。故填C。 12．句意：印刷机的发明使更多的人能够买得起书成为可能。根据“Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive.”可知，之前的书很贵，印刷术发明后书变得更便宜，因此更多的人可以“买得起”。方框中afford意为“买得起；承担得起”，符合语境。 故填E。 A．discussed    B．familiar    C． rarely   D．unlikely   E. teamwork No great invention comes into being by chance. Curiosity drives many young inventors. A group of middle school students, curious about how to reduce water waste at school, came up with a great idea. Problems that students are 13 with like dripping taps during hand-washing inspired their invention. With good 14 , they turned this idea into a practical device: a sensor-controlled faucet (水龙头) that shuts off automatically. Each member did their part—some researched water-saving tech, others designed the device, and others tested it. We 15 hear about successful inventors working alone, and this group is no exception. They 16 , adjusted, and helped each other through difficulties. Their invention cut the school’s water use by 30%. From the story, we can learn that it is 17 to create a really useful invention through individual effort. 【答案】13．B 14．E 15．C 16．A 17．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一群中学生出于对减少学校水资源浪费的好奇，通过团队合作发明了自动关闭的传感器控制水龙头，从而减少了学校30%的用水量，并从中得出仅靠个人努力很难创造出真正有用的发明这一结论。 13．句意：学生们熟悉的问题，比如洗手时水龙头滴水，激发了他们的发明。根据“like dripping taps during hand-washing inspired their invention.”可知，此处是指学生们熟悉的问题，“be familiar with”表示“对……熟悉”，固定短语。故选B。 14．句意：凭借良好的团队合作，他们将这个想法变成了一个实用装置：一个自动关闭的传感器控制水龙头。根据“Each member did their part—some researched water-saving tech, others designed the device, and others tested it.”可知，此处是指凭借良好的团队合作，teamwork“团队合作”，不可数名词。故选E。 15．句意：我们很少听说成功的发明家独自工作，这个团队也不例外。根据“hear about successful inventors working alone, and this group is no exception.”可知，此处是指很少听说成功的发明家独自工作，rarely“很少”，副词修饰动词hear。故选C。 16．句意：他们讨论、调整，并互相帮助克服困难。根据“adjusted, and helped each other through difficulties.”可知，此处是指他们讨论、调整，并互相帮助克服困难，discussed“讨论”，动词过去式，与adjusted和helped并列。故选A。 17．句意：从这个故事中，我们可以了解到，通过个人的努力不太可能创造出真正有用的发明。根据“Their invention cut the school’s water use by 30%.”以及“to create a really useful invention through individual effort.”可知，此处是指通过个人的努力不太可能创造出真正有用的发明，unlikely“不太可能的”，形容词作表语。故选D。 完形填空 Choose the best answer and complete the passage (A) Picture this in your mind: You’ve just answered nature’s call, and to your horror, there’s no toilet paper in the bathroom. What will you do? Long ago, people used 1 things after using the toilet. For example, the Romans used a sponge (海绵) on a stick in salt water. Can you imagine this? It might feel like a 2 today. It is said that the earliest recorded toilet paper dates back to ancient China, and in 1391, the Ming emperor used large sheets with flowers’ smell. Later, people reused old newspapers 3 printing became more common. In 1857, Joseph Gayetty sold flat paper in the U.S., but people didn’t like it. The toilet paper 4 truly started in 1897 when the Scott brothers sold toilet paper in rolls. In 1942, during World War Ⅱ, an English company 5 two-layer paper—soft and strong. Decades later, colorful paper with nice smells came into being, along with some fun paper. 6 cleaning, the fun paper had puzzles or even novels printed on it (like in Japan)! From smelly sponges to story paper, toilet paper’s story is interesting and amazing! 1．A．strange B．convenient C．severe D．useless 2．A．condition B．development C．punishment D．progress 3．A．before B．after C．though D．while 4．A．factory B．industry C．network D．community 5．A．grew B．deepened C．concluded D．developed 6．A．Besides B．Except C．Without D．By 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了厕纸的发展历程，从古代人们使用的奇怪物品到现代各种有趣且实用的厕纸，展现了厕纸历史的有趣与神奇。 1．句意：很久以前，人们上完厕所后会用奇怪的东西。 strange奇怪的；convenient方便的；severe严重的；useless无用的。根据“For example, the Romans used a sponge (海绵) on a stick in salt water.”可知，罗马人用盐水里的棍子上的海绵，这在现在看来是很奇怪的，strange符合语境。故选A。 2．句意：今天它可能感觉像是一种惩罚。 condition条件；development发展；punishment惩罚；progress进步。根据“For example, the Romans used a sponge (海绵) on a stick in salt water. Can you imagine this?”可知，用盐水里的棍子上的海绵，这种感觉可能像是一种惩罚，punishment符合语境。故选C。 3．句意：后来，在印刷变得更普遍之后，人们重新使用旧报纸。 before在……之前；after在……之后；though虽然；while当……时候。根据“Later, people reused old newspapers...printing became more common.”可知，是在印刷变得更普遍之后，人们才重新使用旧报纸，after符合语境。故选B。 4．句意：厕纸产业真正开始于1897年，当时斯科特兄弟出售卷筒厕纸。 factory工厂；industry产业；network网络；community社区。根据“The toilet paper...truly started in 1897 when the Scott brothers sold toilet paper in rolls.”可知，此处说的是厕纸产业，industry符合语境。故选B。 5．句意：二战期间（1942年），一家英国公司开发了双层纸——柔软且结实。 grew生长；deepened加深；concluded总结；developed开发。根据“During World War Ⅱ (1942), an English company...two-layer paper—soft and strong.”可知，英国公司开发了双层纸，developed符合语境。故选D。 6．句意：除了清洁，这种有趣的纸上还印有谜题甚至小说（比如在日本）！ Besides除了……之外（还有）；Except除了……之外（没有）；Without没有；By通过。根据“...cleaning, the fun paper had puzzles or even novels printed on it (like in Japan)!”可知，除了清洁功能，这种有趣的纸上还有谜题或小说，Besides符合语境。故选A。 (B) The History and Future of Comic Strips Have you ever read a comic strip in a newspaper or online? You know, those funny little stories with pictures and speech bubbles? They might seem simple, but comic strips have a rich history and a bright future. Let’s dive into their story and see how they have 7 over time! Comic strips started over a century ago. At first, they were short, funny stories in newspapers. People loved them because they were easy to read and made them laugh. Early comic strips often had regular 8 who often got into silly situations. These strips became so popular that they helped sell more newspapers. As time went on, comic strips changed gradually. They weren’t just funny anymore. Some told 9 stories or explored deep themes. Artists experimented with different styles, and new characters were created. Comic strips became a way to entertain people, share ideas and even express opinions on society. However, in recent years, the comic strip market has become weaker. Fewer people read newspapers, which used to be the main home for comic strips. Many newspapers have reduced the 10 for comics or stopped printing them at all. This has made it harder for artists to earn money from their work. Some people worry that traditional comic strips might disappear, replaced by faster, shorter forms of entertainment like videos. But don’t worry! Comic strips are still alive! Today, they’ve found a new home. Many artists create digital comic strips and share them 11 . This has made comic strips easier to find than ever. People from all over the world can enjoy them with just a click. What about the future? Comic strips will likely keep changing. With new technology, we might see more interactive comic strips. Readers can click or swipe to create the story. Some artists use AI to bring their strips to life. The 12 are endless! So, whether you’re a longtime fan or new to comic strips, there’s something for everyone. What’s your favorite comic strip? Let me know. I’d love to hear about it! 7．A．developed B．appeared C．succeeded D．linked 8．A．enemies B．readers C．characters D．directors 9．A．amusing B．serious C．creative D．essential 10．A．cost B．waste C．space D．stress 11．A．on the internet B．through magazines C．on TV D．by E-mail 12．A．responsibilities B．celebrations C．discussions D．possibilities 【答案】7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了漫画的起源、发展历程、现状以及未来展望。 7．句意：让我们深入他们的故事，看看他们是如何随着时间发展的！ developed发展；appeared出现；succeeded成功；linked连接。根据“Let’s dive into their story and see how they have...over time!”可知，此处是指漫画是如何随着时间发展的。故选A。 8．句意：早期的漫画经常有固定的角色，他们经常陷入愚蠢的境地。 enemies敌人；readers读者；characters角色；directors导演。根据“who often got into silly situations.”可知，此处是指漫画中经常出现的角色。故选C。 9．句意：有些讲述了严肃的故事或探讨了深刻的主题。 amusing有趣的；serious严肃的；creative有创造力的；essential必要的。根据“or explored deep themes.”可知，此处是指严肃的故事。故选B。 10．句意：许多报纸减少了漫画的空间，或者干脆不再印刷漫画。 cost成本；waste浪费；space空间；stress压力。根据“Many newspapers have reduced the...for comics or stopped printing them at all.”可知，此处是指减少漫画的空间。故选C。 11．句意：许多艺术家创作数字漫画并在网上分享。 on the internet在网上；through magazines通过杂志；on TV在电视上；by E-mail通过电子邮件。根据“This has made comic strips easier to find than ever.”可知，此处是指在网上分享。故选A。 12．句意：可能性是无穷无尽的！ responsibilities责任；celebrations庆祝；discussions讨论；possibilities可能性。根据“With new technology, we might see more interactive comic strips. Readers can click or swipe to create the story. Some artists use AI to bring their strips to life.”可知，此处是指漫画发展的可能性是无穷无尽的。故选D。 阅读理解 Reading comprehension (A) Young Inventors Challenge (YIC) Our invention competition encourages students to work as a team to find new ways to solve today’s problems. By taking part in YIC, students would develop their problem-solving skills. YIC hopes to develop future inventors to be the active change makers of tomorrow. Who can take part in it? •teams of 2 to 5 young people aged between 13 and 17 from all over the world. What do the teams have to do? The theme is “Invention to solve environmental problems”. You’re required to invent a product that can help protect the environment. 100 teams will enter the final competition and they are required to invent and produce a working model. How can you take part in it? 1．What do we know about YIC? A．It is held for future plans. B．It is for college students. C．It is an invention competition. D．It also accepts single players. 2．What should the teams do after they register online? A．Check the list. B．Hand in their plans. C．Develop the invention ideas. D．Start making the working model. 3．Who can take part in the competition? A．13-year-old Meimei and her parents. B．Xiao Ming, 12, from Beijing, China. C．A group of 6 students aged 15 from Australia. D．Sam, 17, from China and Jack, 17, from America. 4．In the final competition, the teams need to ________. A．solve a big problem B．make working models C．work with other teams D．give a 10-minute speech 5．The text is probably a ________. A．poster B．report C．poem D．diary 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一则关于青少年发明比赛的通知，介绍了比赛的主题、参赛对象、参赛方式及奖励。 1．细节理解题。根据“Our invention competition encourages students to work as a team to find new ways to solve today’s problems.”可知，这是个发明比赛，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据插图步骤，报名(注册)后紧接着是“Develop an invention idea online(在线完善发明创意)”，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“teams of 2 to 5 young people aged between 13 and 17 from all over the world.”可知，参赛者须为13至17岁的2-5人小组，选项D中两人均17岁且是一个小组，符合要求，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“100 teams will enter the final competition and they are required to invent and produce a working model.”可知，参赛者要制作可运行的模型，故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据文中形式(带有说明性的图片、步骤、奖项等)，最有可能是个宣传海报(poster)，故选A。 (B) When Chris Haas was nine years old, he noticed many of his classmates holding basketballs incorrectly, so they didn’t shoot very well during a school basketball practice. He was the son of a basketball coach and knew a thing or two on the right way to shoot. After trying to show his classmates the right way to hold a ball, he came up with his invention: the hands-on basketball. The hands-on basketball is a basketball training tool for kids. It has hands painted on it, showing the correct ways to hold the ball while trying to shoot. With his teachers’ and family’s encouragement, he went on to patent (获得专利) his idea and he made it. Then he went to several sports companies (公司) and asked whether they would be interested in making and selling his invention. None of them was. Chris didn’t give up and a year and a half later, luckily, his invention won the attention of a sports company. And it was soon popular in the market. The hands-on basketball is now sold successfully around the world. But being a famous person was just one of the new challenges Chris had to face after he sold his invention. Chris promoted (宣传) his invention by travelling around and showing it in cities, like New York and Las Vegas. He also had to decide how to use his money wisely. Each year, he gives away much money to children in need. These days, Chris is an active basketball player and writer of the book—Shooting for Your Dreams. 6．Where did Chris get the idea of the hands-on basketball? A．From his basketball coach. B．From helping his classmates. C．From improving his shooting skills. D．From joining a sports company. 7．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Chris’s teachers. B．Chris’s family. C．Several sports companies. D．Kids in Chris’s school. 8．When did Chris’s invention come on the market? A．The year when his book came out. B．One year after he came up with his idea. C．After he went to several sports companies. D．One and a half years after he patented his idea. 9．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．To share a kid’s success. B．To show the importance of study. C．To tell people how to become popular. D．To let people know about an invention. 【答案】6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 【导语】本文讲述了Chris Haas发明“hands-on basketball”的过程以及他取得成功后的经历。 6．细节理解题。根据“When Chris Haas was nine years old, he noticed many of his classmates holding basketballs incorrectly…After trying to show his classmates the right way to hold a ball, he came up with his invention: the hands-on basketball.”可知，他是在帮助同学改正拿球姿势时想到这个发明的。故选B。 7．词句猜测题。根据“Then he went to several sports companies and asked whether they would be interested in making and selling his invention. None of them was.”可知，这里的them指代前文提到的several sports companies。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“Chris didn’t give up and a year and a half later, luckily, his invention won the attention of a sports company. And it was soon popular in the market.”可知，一年半以后他的发明受到一家体育公司的关注并进入市场。故选D。 9．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Chris Haas发明hands-on basketball并取得成功的故事，即分享一个孩子取得成功的经历。故选A。 (C) Daisy was a teenager and she set up her own company in 2015. At that time, she was only 14. Her company could earn about 1.3 million dollars a year with the invention of a kind of super sweet. It could save kids’ teeth instead of destroying them. It all began when Daisy went to a bank with her dad in 2012. At that time, a clerk in the bank gave her some sweets. However, her dad warned her that the sweets were bad for her teeth. But Daisy didn’t want to miss the sweets. She said, “Why can’t I make some healthy sweets? They are good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to them.” With that in mind, Daisy asked her dad if she could start her own company. With her dad’s permission, she spent the following three years realising her dream. Though her dad helped, it was believed that Daisy’s success came from her hard work. She talked to dentists about what a healthier sweet would contain and learned more about teeth cleaning. She spent many hours a day researching online and doing experiments to get a recipe (配方) that was tasty and did no harm to the teeth. Therefore, she succeeded in making a kind of sweet only using natural materials and it can reduce the bacteria (细菌) in kids’ mouths. Daisy and her father had a business meeting with a supermarket owner. He finally agreed to sell the sweets. As the sweet’s success grew, Daisy became famous. With her parents’ help, Daisy was generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she started her business early in life, she didn’t just want to make money. Daisy wanted to do what she could to help others find their smiles. She was generous enough to donate nearly half of the money she earned every year to an organisation called Big Smiles. With her wisdom and effort, it seems that anything could be possible. 10．Daisy set up her own company when she was ________. A．twelve B．thirteen C．fourteen D．fifteen 11．The underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refers to the idea of ________. A．arguing with her dad in the bank B．making some healthy sweets C．asking the clerk for more sweets D．saying no to all kinds of sweets 12．According to Daisy, she expected ________ from her business. A．to earn more money B．to beat other companies C．to make herself a good dentist D．to help others find smiles 13．The best title for the passage is “________”. A．How to get on well with parents B．Tips for teenagers to start business C．Daisy and the super sweets D．The importance of keeping smiles 【答案】10．C 11．B 12．D 13．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了14岁的Daisy创立公司并发明护牙糖果的故事，展现了她通过智慧和努力实现梦想的过程。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“At that time, she was only 14.”可知，Daisy创立公司时年仅14岁。故选C。 11．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“Why can’t I make some healthy sweets? They are good for my teeth…”可知，“that”指代的是“制作健康糖果”的想法。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Daisy wanted to do what she could to help others find their smiles”可知，她想尽自己所能去帮助他人找回笑容。故选D。 13．最佳标题题。全文围绕Daisy发明护牙糖果并成功创业的故事展开，标题应突出人物与核心事件。选项C“Daisy和超级糖果”最贴合主题。故选C。 (D) ①A simple dab (轻敷) that can stop bleeding, close up a hole in the lung and repair broken bones is how researchers describe a new high-strength, degradable surgical adhesive (粘合剂) developed at the South China University of Technology. ②The product was created by Professor Shi Xuetao and his team at the university’s National Engineering Research Center. ”The strong polyurethane (聚氨酯)-based glue can stick to the body’s tissues and can hold in both blood and air inside organs, and its mechanical features are better than all other medical adhesives available on the market for internal use,“ Shi said. Trials of the glue performed on animals have shown positive results. Another doctor involved in the research described the adhesive as a transformative approach to managing air leaks after lung surgery. ③ ▲ Many patients need surgery. After the tumor is removed, doctors usually use stitches or medical staples. However, even the best means sometimes cannot fully prevent air leaks (泄漏). A report in the New England Journal of Medicine notes that some lung cancer patients die shortly after discharge following surgery, often not from surgical complications but from sudden collapsed lungs, which leave little time for rescue. Usually, broken bones take around 18 months to heal completely. This glue is designed to dissolve slowly over the same time, so the body can replace it with new bone. ④The adhesive has entered the technology final stage and is being prepared for clinical use. “Factories can produce up to 1 million units per year, and it is expected to play an important role in improving the effectiveness of surgical procedures,” Shi said. “We are now applying for official approval for medical use,” Shi said. Shi’s team has been working on the technology for more than a decade in collaboration with hospitals, and it is the first polyurethane surgical adhesive of its kind developed in China. 14．How does the author introduce the new surgical adhesive in the beginning? A．By explaining its chemical elements. B．By comparing it with traditional means. C．By quoting doctors’ words. D．By describing its functions. 15．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．Recent surveys reveal lung cancer patients face high risks of recurrence. B．Hospital records indicate surgical staples are ineffective in preventing air leaks. C．Official data shows lung cancer is the most common tumor in China. D．National studies confirm collapsed lungs are common after lung cancer surgery. 16．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Lung Cancer: Challenges and Treatments in China B．A New Surgical Glue: Stronger healing, Fewer leaks C．Professor Shi Xuetao: A Pioneer in Medical Research D．From Lab to Factory: The Story of Medical Innovation 17．What is the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 【答案】14．D 15．C 16．B 17．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了华南理工大学施雪涛教授团队研发的新型高强度可降解外科粘合剂，阐述了其功能优势、研发背景、应用前景及研发历程，展现了这项医疗创新的重要价值。 14．细节理解题。根据第一段“A simple dab that can stop bleeding, close up a hole in the lung and repair broken bones is how researchers describe a new high-strength, degradable surgical adhesive”可知，作者开篇通过描述这款新型外科粘合剂的止血、修补肺部破损、修复骨折等功能来引入话题。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据“Many patients need surgery.”可知，此处描述许多病人需要手术，选项C“肺癌是中国最常见肿瘤”与后文许多病人需要手术关联紧密。故选C。 16．最佳标题题。全文围绕华南理工大学研发的新型外科粘合剂展开，重点介绍了其强度更高、能减少术后漏气、可降解适配骨骼愈合等核心优势，以及其研发和产业化进展。选项B“一种新型外科胶水：愈合更强，漏气更少”精准概括了文章核心内容，适合作为标题。故选B。 17．篇章结构题。文章第①段总体介绍新型外科粘合剂的研发单位及核心功能；第②段具体说明研发团队、产品材质优势和动物实验成果；第③段阐述传统手术手段的缺陷，进一步凸显新型粘合剂的应用价值；第④段介绍产品的产业化进度、审批进程和研发历程。全文为“总—分”结构，第①段总述，②③④段分述，对应选项A的结构。故选A。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries单元话题阅读套餐练 选材聚焦本单元话题，语篇以不同题型呈现，兼顾多种文本体裁，难度适中。 语法选择 A.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 An Explosive Invention China is famous for the “Four Great Inventions”. Among them, gunpowder has perhaps had the biggest influence on the world. However, few people know that 1 original purpose was not for war. In ancient China, many alchemists (炼丹术士) wanted to live forever. They tried 2 different natural substances to create a special medicine. During the Tang Dynasty, an accident happened. A mixture of sulfur (硫磺), charcoal (木炭), and saltpeter (硝石) suddenly caught fire and exploded. The alchemists were shocked. They realized 3 they had created a powerful new material. At first, gunpowder was used for entertainment. 4 firecrackers became a popular way to celebrate the Spring Festival. People believed the loud noise could scare away evil spirits. Later, the use of gunpowder changed. It 5 to make weapons like fire arrows and cannons in the Song Dynasty. The technology slowly spread to the Arab world and Europe along the Silk Road. 6 it arrived in the West, it completely changed the way wars were fought. Knights (骑士) and castles could no longer stop the power of cannons. There is an old book 7 Wujing Zongyao. It records the earliest written formulas for gunpowder. Today, we still enjoy fireworks displays on holidays. 8 beautiful the colorful lights look in the night sky! Gunpowder is a double-edged sword. It can bring joy, 9 it can also cause destruction. We should learn from history. People 10 love peace hope that such power will always be used wisely. 1．A．it B．it’s C．its 2．A．mix B．to mix C．mixes 3．A．what B．which C．that 4．A．Lighting B．Lighted C．Light 5．A．used B．has used C．was used 6．A．After B．Unless C．Before 7．A．calls B．calling C．called 8．A．What B．Why C．How 9．A．but B．so C．or 10．A．which B．who C．whom B.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 In a small town, there was a curious boy named Ted. He loved taking things apart and then putting them back together. He usually succeeded, 11 sometimes he failed. One day, while he was watching his mother cook, he noticed that she had difficulty 12 the sauce (酱). He thought there must be another way and decided to invent 13 better. After a busy afternoon, Ted created a new invention. He took apart a 14 wooden mixer (搅拌器) and then connected it to a motor (电动机). It was able to stir things by itself 15 it got power from the motor. It was so convenient that anyone 16 stir (搅拌) the sauce easily. The next day, he showed his invention to his mother, who was surprised and encouraged him to improve it. Ted kept working and finally added a timer, making it even 17 . The user could leave the tool on the table and not have to worry about the sauce burning. With his 18 support, he introduced it to his classmates. Later, hundreds of his schoolmates went to see it. Ted’s invention became popular 19 . They used it to mix drinks and sauces, and it was easy to clean. At the School Science Festival, Ted received an award for his creativity. Since then, he 20 many inventions which help people live better lives. It’s meaningful to find out what you have an interest in and keep going. 11．A．or B．and C．but 12．A．to stir B．stirred C．stirring 13．A．nothing B．something C．anything 14．A．broken B．broke C．break 15．A．though B．before C．if 16．A．could B．should C．must 17．A．good B．better C．best 18．A．mom B．moms C．mom’s 19．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 20．A．has invented B．invents C．will invent 选词填空 A.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．attractive      B．tried      C．surprising      D．expensive      E.areas There are many things in our everyday lives that have been invented accidentally. Some of these special accidents are quite 1 .       For example,at first jeans were made for workers.They were very strong and didn’t wear out easily.Later on,people who worked in different 2 found jeans could be used for a long time and they were fashionable and 3 . Thus, jeans became popular all over the world. The invention of the ballpoint pen was a surprise, too. Ladislas Biro, a Hungarian, found that pens weren’t clear enough. He 4 dry ink and a steel ball. Amazingly, this kind of pen could write clearly. F.mixture     G.hold     H.result     I.colourful      J.reason When you see 5 fireworks, you probably don’t think about a Chinese cook who, in old times, invented them. He put a few things together, which were common in the kitchen. The 6 burnt and formed beautiful light. Even the ice cream cones were the 7 of an accident. Ice cream cones were invented at the 1904 World’s Fair in St Louis, US. On a hot day, an ice cream vendor (小贩), had used up all of his cups to 8 ice cream. Another vendor shared some of his waffle-like pastry (网格状糕点) with him as cups. This new way to eat ice cream became a big hit. B.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．skin     B．invention     C．method     D．discovery     E.afford When you hold a book in your hands, please stop and think. It is the result of thousands of years of human 9 . First came the invention of writing. With it, people didn’t have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people they never saw and share their knowledge with others. Later, the Greeks invented books with lots of pages to replace scrolls (卷轴). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal 10 . That changed in the thirteenth century. The Chinese invented the 11 of making paper. After that, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. The invention of the printing press made it possible for more people to 12 books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more stories are bought as e-books and read on a screen. A．discussed    B．familiar    C． rarely   D．unlikely   E. teamwork No great invention comes into being by chance. Curiosity drives many young inventors. A group of middle school students, curious about how to reduce water waste at school, came up with a great idea. Problems that students are 13 with like dripping taps during hand-washing inspired their invention. With good 14 , they turned this idea into a practical device: a sensor-controlled faucet (水龙头) that shuts off automatically. Each member did their part—some researched water-saving tech, others designed the device, and others tested it. We 15 hear about successful inventors working alone, and this group is no exception. They 16 , adjusted, and helped each other through difficulties. Their invention cut the school’s water use by 30%. From the story, we can learn that it is 17 to create a really useful invention through individual effort. 完形填空 Choose the best answer and complete the passage (A) Picture this in your mind: You’ve just answered nature’s call, and to your horror, there’s no toilet paper in the bathroom. What will you do? Long ago, people used 1 things after using the toilet. For example, the Romans used a sponge (海绵) on a stick in salt water. Can you imagine this? It might feel like a 2 today. It is said that the earliest recorded toilet paper dates back to ancient China, and in 1391, the Ming emperor used large sheets with flowers’ smell. Later, people reused old newspapers 3 printing became more common. In 1857, Joseph Gayetty sold flat paper in the U.S., but people didn’t like it. The toilet paper 4 truly started in 1897 when the Scott brothers sold toilet paper in rolls. In 1942, during World War Ⅱ, an English company 5 two-layer paper—soft and strong. Decades later, colorful paper with nice smells came into being, along with some fun paper. 6 cleaning, the fun paper had puzzles or even novels printed on it (like in Japan)! From smelly sponges to story paper, toilet paper’s story is interesting and amazing! 1．A．strange B．convenient C．severe D．useless 2．A．condition B．development C．punishment D．progress 3．A．before B．after C．though D．while 4．A．factory B．industry C．network D．community 5．A．grew B．deepened C．concluded D．developed 6．A．Besides B．Except C．Without D．By (B) The History and Future of Comic Strips Have you ever read a comic strip in a newspaper or online? You know, those funny little stories with pictures and speech bubbles? They might seem simple, but comic strips have a rich history and a bright future. Let’s dive into their story and see how they have 7 over time! Comic strips started over a century ago. At first, they were short, funny stories in newspapers. People loved them because they were easy to read and made them laugh. Early comic strips often had regular 8 who often got into silly situations. These strips became so popular that they helped sell more newspapers. As time went on, comic strips changed gradually. They weren’t just funny anymore. Some told 9 stories or explored deep themes. Artists experimented with different styles, and new characters were created. Comic strips became a way to entertain people, share ideas and even express opinions on society. However, in recent years, the comic strip market has become weaker. Fewer people read newspapers, which used to be the main home for comic strips. Many newspapers have reduced the 10 for comics or stopped printing them at all. This has made it harder for artists to earn money from their work. Some people worry that traditional comic strips might disappear, replaced by faster, shorter forms of entertainment like videos. But don’t worry! Comic strips are still alive! Today, they’ve found a new home. Many artists create digital comic strips and share them 11 . This has made comic strips easier to find than ever. People from all over the world can enjoy them with just a click. What about the future? Comic strips will likely keep changing. With new technology, we might see more interactive comic strips. Readers can click or swipe to create the story. Some artists use AI to bring their strips to life. The 12 are endless! So, whether you’re a longtime fan or new to comic strips, there’s something for everyone. What’s your favorite comic strip? Let me know. I’d love to hear about it! 7．A．developed B．appeared C．succeeded D．linked 8．A．enemies B．readers C．characters D．directors 9．A．amusing B．serious C．creative D．essential 10．A．cost B．waste C．space D．stress 11．A．on the internet B．through magazines C．on TV D．by E-mail 12．A．responsibilities B．celebrations C．discussions D．possibilities 阅读理解 Reading comprehension (A) Young Inventors Challenge (YIC) Our invention competition encourages students to work as a team to find new ways to solve today’s problems. By taking part in YIC, students would develop their problem-solving skills. YIC hopes to develop future inventors to be the active change makers of tomorrow. Who can take part in it? •teams of 2 to 5 young people aged between 13 and 17 from all over the world. What do the teams have to do? The theme is “Invention to solve environmental problems”. You’re required to invent a product that can help protect the environment. 100 teams will enter the final competition and they are required to invent and produce a working model. How can you take part in it? 1．What do we know about YIC? A．It is held for future plans. B．It is for college students. C．It is an invention competition. D．It also accepts single players. 2．What should the teams do after they register online? A．Check the list. B．Hand in their plans. C．Develop the invention ideas. D．Start making the working model. 3．Who can take part in the competition? A．13-year-old Meimei and her parents. B．Xiao Ming, 12, from Beijing, China. C．A group of 6 students aged 15 from Australia. D．Sam, 17, from China and Jack, 17, from America. 4．In the final competition, the teams need to ________. A．solve a big problem B．make working models C．work with other teams D．give a 10-minute speech 5．The text is probably a ________. A．poster B．report C．poem D．diary (B) When Chris Haas was nine years old, he noticed many of his classmates holding basketballs incorrectly, so they didn’t shoot very well during a school basketball practice. He was the son of a basketball coach and knew a thing or two on the right way to shoot. After trying to show his classmates the right way to hold a ball, he came up with his invention: the hands-on basketball. The hands-on basketball is a basketball training tool for kids. It has hands painted on it, showing the correct ways to hold the ball while trying to shoot. With his teachers’ and family’s encouragement, he went on to patent (获得专利) his idea and he made it. Then he went to several sports companies (公司) and asked whether they would be interested in making and selling his invention. None of them was. Chris didn’t give up and a year and a half later, luckily, his invention won the attention of a sports company. And it was soon popular in the market. The hands-on basketball is now sold successfully around the world. But being a famous person was just one of the new challenges Chris had to face after he sold his invention. Chris promoted (宣传) his invention by travelling around and showing it in cities, like New York and Las Vegas. He also had to decide how to use his money wisely. Each year, he gives away much money to children in need. These days, Chris is an active basketball player and writer of the book—Shooting for Your Dreams. 6．Where did Chris get the idea of the hands-on basketball? A．From his basketball coach. B．From helping his classmates. C．From improving his shooting skills. D．From joining a sports company. 7．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Chris’s teachers. B．Chris’s family. C．Several sports companies. D．Kids in Chris’s school. 8．When did Chris’s invention come on the market? A．The year when his book came out. B．One year after he came up with his idea. C．After he went to several sports companies. D．One and a half years after he patented his idea. 9．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．To share a kid’s success. B．To show the importance of study. C．To tell people how to become popular. D．To let people know about an invention. (C) Daisy was a teenager and she set up her own company in 2015. At that time, she was only 14. Her company could earn about 1.3 million dollars a year with the invention of a kind of super sweet. It could save kids’ teeth instead of destroying them. It all began when Daisy went to a bank with her dad in 2012. At that time, a clerk in the bank gave her some sweets. However, her dad warned her that the sweets were bad for her teeth. But Daisy didn’t want to miss the sweets. She said, “Why can’t I make some healthy sweets? They are good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to them.” With that in mind, Daisy asked her dad if she could start her own company. With her dad’s permission, she spent the following three years realising her dream. Though her dad helped, it was believed that Daisy’s success came from her hard work. She talked to dentists about what a healthier sweet would contain and learned more about teeth cleaning. She spent many hours a day researching online and doing experiments to get a recipe (配方) that was tasty and did no harm to the teeth. Therefore, she succeeded in making a kind of sweet only using natural materials and it can reduce the bacteria (细菌) in kids’ mouths. Daisy and her father had a business meeting with a supermarket owner. He finally agreed to sell the sweets. As the sweet’s success grew, Daisy became famous. With her parents’ help, Daisy was generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she started her business early in life, she didn’t just want to make money. Daisy wanted to do what she could to help others find their smiles. She was generous enough to donate nearly half of the money she earned every year to an organisation called Big Smiles. With her wisdom and effort, it seems that anything could be possible. 10．Daisy set up her own company when she was ________. A．twelve B．thirteen C．fourteen D．fifteen 11．The underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refers to the idea of ________. A．arguing with her dad in the bank B．making some healthy sweets C．asking the clerk for more sweets D．saying no to all kinds of sweets 12．According to Daisy, she expected ________ from her business. A．to earn more money B．to beat other companies C．to make herself a good dentist D．to help others find smiles 13．The best title for the passage is “________”. A．How to get on well with parents B．Tips for teenagers to start business C．Daisy and the super sweets D．The importance of keeping smiles (D) ①A simple dab (轻敷) that can stop bleeding, close up a hole in the lung and repair broken bones is how researchers describe a new high-strength, degradable surgical adhesive (粘合剂) developed at the South China University of Technology. ②The product was created by Professor Shi Xuetao and his team at the university’s National Engineering Research Center. ”The strong polyurethane (聚氨酯)-based glue can stick to the body’s tissues and can hold in both blood and air inside organs, and its mechanical features are better than all other medical adhesives available on the market for internal use,“ Shi said. Trials of the glue performed on animals have shown positive results. Another doctor involved in the research described the adhesive as a transformative approach to managing air leaks after lung surgery. ③ ▲ Many patients need surgery. After the tumor is removed, doctors usually use stitches or medical staples. However, even the best means sometimes cannot fully prevent air leaks (泄漏). A report in the New England Journal of Medicine notes that some lung cancer patients die shortly after discharge following surgery, often not from surgical complications but from sudden collapsed lungs, which leave little time for rescue. Usually, broken bones take around 18 months to heal completely. This glue is designed to dissolve slowly over the same time, so the body can replace it with new bone. ④The adhesive has entered the technology final stage and is being prepared for clinical use. “Factories can produce up to 1 million units per year, and it is expected to play an important role in improving the effectiveness of surgical procedures,” Shi said. “We are now applying for official approval for medical use,” Shi said. Shi’s team has been working on the technology for more than a decade in collaboration with hospitals, and it is the first polyurethane surgical adhesive of its kind developed in China. 14．How does the author introduce the new surgical adhesive in the beginning? A．By explaining its chemical elements. B．By comparing it with traditional means. C．By quoting doctors’ words. D．By describing its functions. 15．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．Recent surveys reveal lung cancer patients face high risks of recurrence. B．Hospital records indicate surgical staples are ineffective in preventing air leaks. C．Official data shows lung cancer is the most common tumor in China. D．National studies confirm collapsed lungs are common after lung cancer surgery. 16．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Lung Cancer: Challenges and Treatments in China B．A New Surgical Glue: Stronger healing, Fewer leaks C．Professor Shi Xuetao: A Pioneer in Medical Research D．From Lab to Factory: The Story of Medical Innovation 17．What is the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $