专题02 阅读理解之说明文（题型专练）（辽宁专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题02 阅读理解之说明文 内●容●导●航 第一部分 题型解码 高屋建瓴，掌握全局 题型概述 考向分类 技巧点拨 第二部分 考向突破 微观解剖，精细教学 考向01 细节理解题 考向02 主旨大意及最佳标题题 考向03 推理判断题 考向04 词义猜测与指代关系题 考向05 篇章结构题 第三部分 题型训练 整合应用，模拟实战 题●型●解●码 题型概述 在近年辽宁中考英语阅读理解中，说明文是高频考查题型，占阅读总分约 25%–40%，题量1–2篇，4–8 题。文章以科普知识、生活常识、社会现象、文化介绍等为主，侧重考查细节定位、推理判断、主旨归纳、词义/代词猜测四大能力。文章篇幅 200–400 词，题量 15–20 题，每题 2 分，分值占比高。 考向分类 1. 细节理解题：最基础高频题，考查对具体信息的捕捉，如数据、步骤、特征、条件等。占比约 40%，题干给出信息，学生在文中定位作答。2. 推理判断题：要求依据文本合理推断作者意图、情感态度、文章启示等，考查逻辑思维。约占 30%，从现象推断本质，选项迷惑性强。3. 主旨大意 / 标题归纳题：考查概括中心思想、选择标题、判断段落大意，检验综合归纳能力。比重约 20%，概括内容或选标题，需把握整体脉络。4. 词义/代词猜测题：通过语境、构词法猜测生词含义。占比约 10%。 技巧点拨 核心方法：通读全文→审题定位→复读检查 第一步：通读全文，把握脉络快速读首尾段 + 每段首句，明确：说明对象是什么、有什么特点、分几方面介绍。标记：数字、时间、转折词（but, however, though）、因果词（so, because）、定义词（is called, means）。 第二步：审题定位，精准突破（分题型技巧） （1） 细节理解题：一找二定三核对找关键词：题干中的数字、地名、专有名词、大写字母、特殊短语。定位原文：回文快速扫读，找到对应句子。排除干扰：无中生有、张冠李戴、绝对化（only, all, never）。 （2） 推理判断题：立足原文，合理推断情感态度：抓形容词、副词、评价性表达。因果推断：找 because, so, as a result, therefore, lead to。作者意图：看结尾总结、专家观点、建议句，提炼道理。 （3） 主旨 / 标题题：抓核心，避陷阱标题三原则：概括性、针对性、醒目性。排除只对应某一段的选项。排除范围过大 / 过小的选项。排除无关关键词、偏离主题的选项。 （4）词义 / 代词猜测题：语境为王代词指代：就近原则，往前看 1–2 句，找单 / 复数匹配的名词事件。逻辑线索：and, but, however, instead（并列 / 转折）。定义线索：that is, in other words, such as, is called。因果线索：because, so, lead to。 第三步：复读检查，避免失误 考●向●突●破 考向01 细节理解题 【2025·辽宁·中考】 We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot (赤脚). 1．Which of the following is the writer’s favourite way to get close to nature? A．Dancing in the rain. B．Stepping on fallen leaves. C．Digging in the soil. D．Walking without shoes on. 【2025·辽宁沈阳沈北新区·二模】 Nov 9 is National Fire Safety Day. Here are some tips for you in case a fire breaks out. When you smell smoke or see fire, shout “Fire!” as loudly as you can. Get help from your parents or call 119. Give them your location, and follow their instructions. Do not try to put out the fire yourself. Get out of the room as soon as possible. Don’t try to take anything with you. A fire can become fierce (凶猛的) in a few seconds. If there is a lot of smoke in your room, keep your head and body close to the floor. There is less smoke lower down, so it’s easier to breathe and see where you are going. If the door handle (把手) is really hot, do not open the door. Try to find a different way out. 2．What should you first do if you smell smoke or see fire in your building? A．Call your friends. B．Cry out for help loudly. C．Use the lift to leave the building. D．Try to put out the fire yourself. 3．Which is the right action if there is a lot of smoke in your room? A．B． C． D． 考向02 主旨大意及最佳标题题 【2025·辽宁·中考】 （2025·辽宁·中考真题）We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot (赤脚). Walking barefoot can be enjoyable and helpful. ... ... When you want to try walking barefoot, there’s no need to hurry. ... ... Walking barefoot, however, isn’t always safe.... ... Walking barefoot is a great way to feel connected with nature, but it’s important to stay safe and consider your own health condition. 1．What is the text mainly about? A．The introduction to health problems. B．The suggestions on outdoor activities. C．The information about walking barefoot. D．The effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 【2025·辽宁沈阳和平区·二模】 Friendships are wonderful, but sometimes friends argue with each other. Maybe it can be hard to know what to do in such situations, we have some advice for you. 2．The text is about how to ________. A．fix problems with friends B．stop arguing with parents C．make new friends at school D．keep happy in our daily life 【2025·辽宁沈阳大东区·二模】 “For thousands of years, humans have raced to be the first… Now, in some cases, we’re racing to be the last,” said The New York Times’ Paige McClanahan. This is the spirit at the heart of last-chance tourism, a rising industry. Last-chance tourism is about seeing the last of something. Rising temperatures and water levels mean that we may never get another opportunity to see certain islands, glaciers (冰川), animals, and so on before they disappear. This may sound sad, but some people are using last-chance tourism as an opportunity to spread environmental awareness. ... ... But last-chance tourism may be speeding up the effects of climate change. As more people rush to endangered nature places, they create a bigger and bigger carbon footprint (碳足迹), leading to the destruction (破坏) of the places in the end. Just as many experts have said, “Last-chance tourism is a paradox (悖论).” At the end of the day, we should not just understand the need to stop climate change. 3．What can be the best title for the text? A．Getting an opportunity to islands B．Rushing to see it before it’s gone C．Showing care and love for nature D．Making an effort to make it safe 考向03 推理判断题 【2025·辽宁沈阳和平区·二模】 Friendships are wonderful, but sometimes friends argue with each other. Maybe it can be hard to know what to do in such situations, we have some advice for you. Make up with your friend To make up with a friend after an argument, it’s important to talk things out with your friend: ●Set a time to talk-When you and your friend are both calm, set a time to talk. ●Be open—Let your friend share his or her feelings and thoughts. ●Apologize—Say you’re sorry if you said or did anything wrong in the argument. ●Fix things together—Discuss how to stop such situations from happening again. Change yourself When a friendship doesn’t go well, you may feel sad or angry. Here are some ways to deal with these feelings: ... ... 1．In which part of a magazine can we find the text? A．Nature. B．Sports. C．Communication. D．History. 【2025·辽宁沈阳大东区·二模】 “For thousands of years, humans have raced to be the first… Now, in some cases, we’re racing to be the last,” said The New York Times’ Paige McClanahan. This is the spirit at the heart of last-chance tourism, a rising industry. ... ... At the end of the day, we should not just understand the need to stop climate change. 2．What is the author’s conclusion (结论) that we can get from the text? A．The last-chance tourism is already a rising industry. B．Tourists have learned how to protect the environment. C．It is more important to avoid making climate worse. D．McClanahan reported an article in The New York Times. 【2025·辽宁大连·一模】 With their cute “smiles” and photo-ready poses, quokkas (短尾矮袋鼠) are often called the “world’s happiest animals”. But are they really as happy as they seem? ... ... Hundreds of thousands of quokka selfies have been shared on the Internet. Although these animals are doing well online, it’s a different story in the wild. Quokkas are listed as vulnerable (易受伤害的) by the Western Australian Threatened Species Scientific Committee (委员会). Today, there are thought to be around 10, 000 quokkas living on Rottnest Island, with a few smaller populations living on mainland Western Australia. Reports show that quokka populations have been going down because of predators (捕食者) and the reduction of their living places. For those visiting Rottnest Island, there are rules in place to help protect the quokka population. Visitors can’t feed or touch the quokkas, or they may pay fines of up to about $7,000. 3．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell us an animal in danger. B．To introduce a world’s happiest animal. C．To remind readers to protect quokkas. D．To help people know more about quokkas. 考向04 词义猜测与指代关系题 【2025·辽宁·中考】 When you want to try walking barefoot, there’s no need to hurry. At first, walking barefoot for 10 minutes can be fine. After that, add 5 minutes every day until you can walk for 20 to 30 minutes. If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time. 1．What does the underlined word “curtail” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Tell. B．Make. C．Value. D．Reduce. 【2025·辽宁丹东市·二模】 To help people think more creatively, Dr. Edward de Bono designed the “Six Thinking Hats” system (系统). The system helps people think about a problem in different ways in order to find a solution. In the system, there are six imaginary hats of different colors. Each hat symbolizes a different way of thinking. For example, the white hat helps people consider the facts. The black hat is the most logical (有逻辑的) and helps people consider why a possible solution may not work. So, next time you have a problem in your community, think about it creatively, from different perspectives, and see what ideas you have. 2．What does the underlined word “perspectives” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Sides. B．Places. C．People. D．Rules. 【2025·辽宁锦州市·二模】 Today, it’s popular for Chinese children to raise white silkworms in a paper box, covered with green fresh mulberry leaves. For them, raising silkworms is not a way to make a living, but to see the magic of nature. It’s exciting to carefully watch the silkworms grow bigger and bigger, and finally become white cocoons. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Some farmers. B．Some Chinese children. C．White silkworms. D．Mulberry leaves. 考向05 篇章结构题 【2025·辽宁沈阳市·一模】 ①In the Yellow River Basin (流域), scientists studied how human activities influence nature. They looked at the area from 2001 to 2020 and found some interesting results. Though human activities increased in 66.3% of the area, the quality of nature actually got improved by 22.61%. That is to say with the right actions, we can better nature even when there are more people and more human activities. ②One interesting finding was that some farmland was turned back into natural land. ..... ③Another interesting finding was that 45.88% of the area had both more human activities and better nature at the same time. ...... ④The study showed that the wild nature in 33.7% of the Yellow River Basin also improved a lot. ...... ⑤In a word, only by carrying out eco-friendly activities and making good use of environment can humans and nature live in harmony (和谐). 1．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1; ②= Paragraph 2……) A． B． C． D． 【2025·辽宁本溪市·二模】 ①Have you ever seen a cat or dog cry? Probably not a real one! That’s because animals can’t really cry. They can make tears, but only humans can cry because of emotion (情感), reported The New York Times. Now let’s learn about our tears and crying. ②Tears come in three types, according to Discover Magazine. Most of the time, our eyes make basal tears (基础性眼泪) to keep them from getting dry. ...... ③Young kids cry a lot, but it’s often just because something happens to them, like falling over or dropping their ice cream. But as we grow up, we cry more because of our feelings for others...... ④In human society, crying is a call for help. It quickly lets others see that something is not right, and brings people closer. Crying also helps us calm down and think about difficult things, said Medical News Today. 2．How is the passage organized? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 题●型●训●练 基础过关 （一） （2024·辽宁·中考真题） We’re plants. Give us your care and we will bring joy to you. Please take us home, will you? PLANTS Get to know us Flowers We bring bright colors! Houseplants We are green and light up rooms! Succulents (多肉植物) We don’t need much care! Vegetables How about home-grown food? Give us a home We can live in a pot. It can be put near a window, by a sofa or under a tree. Placing us on a wall will bring you much fun. We love it, too. Care for us Spring We may need fertilizers (化肥). Summer We hate harmful insects. Autumn We need less water. Winter Give us a larger home if necessary. 1．According to the text, ________ don’t need much care. A．flowers B．houseplants C．succulents D．vegetables 2．It’s fun to put a pot of plants ________. A．on a wall B．by a sofa C．near a window D．under a tree 3．Plants need to be protected from harmful insects, especially in ________. A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 4．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Art. B．Life. C．Sports. D．History. （二） （2025·辽宁大连市·二模） Can Seawater Stop Wildfires? Wildfires swept across Los Angeles for weeks several months ago. Firefighters worked around the clock but faced many problems, including a lack of freshwater. About a week after the fires broke out, planes began to drop seawater on them. Many wondered why seawater wasn’t used in the first place since LA is a coastal city. The simple answer is that seawater won’t be used unless everything else has failed. Here is why. △ There are two main ways to send seawater to a fire, but both are hard. One way is to pump seawater into water tanks (将海水泵入水箱) and move it into fire trucks. This takes a lot of time and work. The other way is to use helicopters and planes. They must fly close to the ocean to fill their water tanks. This can be dangerous if the waves are rough. Damage to equipment (损坏设备) Most firefighting equipment is made from metals (金属), like iron. Seawater can react with these metals and make the equipment rust (生锈的) more quickly. This can cause the equipment to break and even put the firefighters in danger. Harm to the environment Seawater can change the soil and harm the ecosystem. Plants get water through their roots (根). Normally, the salt level in the soil is lower than that in plant root cells. This allows water to move from the soil into the roots. However, seawater can add a lot of salt to the soil. When the soil has a higher level of salt than plant root cells, water runs out of the cells instead of into them. Plants will dry out and die as a result. This change in the soil can last for many years. 5．When was seawater used to stop the wildfires in LA? A．As soon as the fires broke out. B．About a week after the fires broke out. C．One month before the fires were put out. D．About a week before the fires were put out. 6．Which of the following can be put in △ ? A．Efforts in cleaning seawater B．Difficulty in moving seawater C．High cost of sending seawater D．Danger of seawater to firefighters 7．What can seawater do to plants? A．Make them get more water. B．Make them grow well. C．Make them dry out and die. D．Make them change colors. 8．What can we learn from the passage? A．Using seawater is a good way to fight fires. B．Firefighters must say no to seawater. C．It is cheaper to use freshwater than seawater. D．There’re some risks when using seawater to fight fires. （三） （2025·辽宁大连市·二模） Painted with cool cultural dots Every day at work, I drink water from a teapot with dots (小圆点) all over it. But these aren’t just random (随意的) dots. They are part of the aboriginal Australian dot-painting tradition. The paintings use hundreds of little dots. They come together to make shapes, like animal footprints, the sun or humans. Australia’s aboriginal people don’t have a written language. They paint dots to tell stories about their culture, environment and ancestors (祖先). But they don’t want outsiders to know their special knowledge about the land. So, they “hide” their stories in dots. It’s like a secret code (代码) that only they can completely understand. For example, the aboriginal people paint lots of water holes with dots. These dot-marked water holes help show where to find water in the hot, dry land. And they paint certain patterns (模式) of dots to mark the migration routes of animals. These marked patterns are used to remember the best times and places to hunt. The colors in the paintings are also very important. For example, red often represents the earth and blood while yellow can be used to stand for the sun. Dot painting has a very long history in Australian aboriginal groups. For many, many years, older people have passed down the art to younger people. This way, they can keep their culture alive. Now, more and more people around the world know about dot painting. In Australia and other countries, you can see these paintings in art galleries. People from different places can look at these beautiful paintings and learn about the culture of Australian aboriginal people. I’m not aboriginal, but these paintings hold a special place in my heart. They remind me of home, where I first discovered how art connects us to history and tradition. 9．Why do the aboriginal people use dots in their paintings? A．To sell their paintings for money. B．To share their secrets with outsiders. C．To keep their special knowledge secretly. D．To make art works look more beautiful. 10．What does the color yellow often stand for in dot painting? A．The sun. B．The earth. C．Water holes. D．Animal footprints. 11．Where can people see dot paintings now? A．Only in Australia. B．In art galleries around the world. C．In the school libraries. D．Only in the aboriginal communities. 12．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To encourage more people to buy dot paintings. B．To introduce dot painting in different places. C．To compare dot painting with modern painting. D．To tell the history and cultural importance of dot painting. （四） （2025·辽宁大连西岗区·一模） Are you having difficulty learning a second language? Now, scientists suggest you exercise while learning. In recent years, many studies have shown that we learn differently if we also exercise. A new study in China has now provided more evidence. It reports that doing exercise during a language class can help people learn more efficiently (有效的). Forty Chinese students who were learning English took part in the study. The scientists divided them into two groups. Those in Group 1 would continue to learn English in traditional classes. The others (Group 2) were asked to exercise while learning. They would ride exercise bicycles for 20 minutes before their English classes. Both groups learned new words by watching them on large screens. Each class taught 40 new words. Then the students rested a bit and took a quiz (测试). The students took eight “special classes” in two months. Those who had ridden exercise bicycles always did better on the quizzes than those who had sat still. Most interestingly, the cyclists (骑行者) seemed to have a longer memory for the new words. The scientists gave the students a final test after the classes. The cyclists remembered more words than the students who had not exercised. Simone Sulpizio is one of the scientists. “The results showed that physical activity during language learning improved that learning,” she said. “We are not suggesting teachers buy lots of exercise bicycles,” Sulpizio continued. “But it’s clear that sitting for hours without moving is not the best way to learn. To study efficiently, we should exercise while learning.” 13．How many students took part in the study? A．20. B．40. C．60 D．80. 14．The underlined word “evidence” probably means ________. A．运动 B．测试 C．记忆 D．证据 15．The scientists took a quiz after the students exercised to find out ________. A．which group was cleverer B．which group was healthier C．if exercising helped with learning D．if the students had difficulty with English study 16．The best title should be ________. A．English is an important tool B．Exercise improves learning C．The difficulty of English study D．Riding a bike is good for health （五） （2025·辽宁大连中山区·一模） Do you have a good memory? Can you remember English words you learnt last week? Or have you forgotten the deadline of your project? Many of us often say “My brain (大脑) doesn’t work well”. Maybe you can try a new way of training your brain—Learn with your team members. “Teamwork makes our brains work better.” The memory expert Jonathan Hancock said, “Being part of a team has many advantages for remembering things.” In his memory research, he finds that the participants (参与者) in a team always behave better than people who work independently. That’s because they have less personal pressure, more time to think over each question. But there’s even more going on according to Canadian researchers. They have shown that our brains get a natural improvement when they’ve got company (陪伴). Their study suggests two reasons. First, when we’re with people who are trying to remember something, we can easily feel that tip-of-the-tongue feeling, so we also want to join in to challenge ourselves. Second, after knowing others can remember things well, we can be encouraged to make it too. To make better use of the power of team learning, you can use the contagion (传染效应) to awaken (唤起) and improve memories. For example, go over new words together with your partners. Believe it or not, you’ll be amazed at your magic memory, Also, you can share the duty together. If you have many tasks to remember, ask your partner to remember the date of school play while you’re in charge of remembering project deadline. In this way, both of you will remember things more easily and deeply. 17．What does Jonathan Hancock find in his memory research? A．People in a team have more personal pressure. B．People working independently have better memories. C．Personal pressure helps people remember things better. D．Team members always behave better than those working alone. 18．According to Canadian researchers, why does our brain get a natural improvement when we have company? A．Because others will help us remember things instead. B．Because we feel less tip-of-the-tongue feeling with others. C．Because we can be easily encouraged by others’ good memory. D．Because we don’t want to challenge ourselves when others are around. 19．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Ideas of learning English new words. B．Ways of sharing memory duty with partners. C．Advice on improving memories by teamwork. D．Research about remembering the deadline of project. 20．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce the results of some memory research. B．To encourage people to use their brains more often. C．To invite readers to take part in their research to train brains. D．To ask readers to make use of teamwork to improve memories. （六） （2025·辽宁鞍山市·二模） The animated film Ne Zha 2 was released on January 29, 2025. It continues the story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing after the “Heavenly Tribulation”. After surviving the “Heavenly Tribulation”, Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Taiyi Zhenren saved them with a magical seven-colored lotus (莲花). But their souls began to disappear again. Taiyi Zhenren then decided to rebuild their bodies using some materials from Kunlun Mountain. The film shows great character development. Ne Zha, who was once rebellious (叛逆的), becomes more responsible. He starts to think about the safety of others and tries his best to protect them. Ao Bing, who was always confused about his identity, finally accepts who he is and becomes a confident warrior (勇士). Visually, the movie is a masterpiece (杰作). The scenes of flowing lava, the big sea, and the magical Kunlun Mountain are all beautifully presented. The fight scenes are full of energy and creativity, with the characters using all kinds of amazing weapons (武器). Ne Zha 2 not only provides great entertainment but also shows important messages. It tells us that we should be brave in the face of difficulties, never give up on our dreams, and always like our friends. 21．What happened to Ne Zha and Ao Bing after the “Heavenly Tribulation”? A．They became stronger. B．They lost their physical bodies. C．They got new powers. D．They defeated the dragon. 22．Why did Taiyi Zhenren decide to rebuild Ne Zha’s and Ao Bing’s bodies? A．Because he wanted them to be more responsible. B．Because he got some materials from Kunlun Mountain. C．Because their souls were about to go away. D．Because he had a magical seven-colored lotus. 23．What can we learn about Ne Zha from the film? A．He was always responsible. B．He became more rebellious. C．He learned to care about others. D．He didn’t change at all. 24．The movie mainly wants to tell us_______. ①to follow our dreams     ②to treasure our friends ③not to be afraid of difficulties      ④to respect our parents A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ （七） （2025·辽宁抚顺市·一模） On January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek introduced a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart program can do many things, such as solving math problems and answering questions. Many people think DeepSeek-R1 is special because it is not only powerful but also low-cost, which means anyone can use and improve it! DeepSeek-R1 has many advantages. It uses a smart design called the “Mixture-of-Experts” architecture (混合专家架构). This makes DeepSeek-R1 able to do many tasks quickly. It also uses less computing power (计算能力) than some other big AI models, like GPT-40. This means it can run on less powerful computers. Besides, DeepSeek-R1 is really good at understanding both Chinese and English. Whether for Chinese-speaking users or English-speaking users, it can help them write texts in different kinds of styles according to their requirements. How helpful it is! What’s more, DeepSeek-Rl can be very useful for students. It can provide good ideas for their homework, suggest fun ways to study, and help students understand difficult problems. DeepSeek-Rl can also make learning about computers and technology more fun. Students can ask it questions and see how it answers, which might encourage them to explore technology further. DeepSeek-RI shows that innovation. (革新) requires creativity. It marks the rise of China’s technology on the global stage. However, this progress also brings new challenges. The rapid development of such powerful technology means the AI must keep getting better to stay competitive. 25．Many people think Deepseek is special because it is ________. A．more difficult B．new and smart C．less creative D．powerful and low-cost 26．What is the advantage of DeepSeek-R1’s “Mixture-of-Experts” architecture? A．Understanding both Chinese and English. B．Allowing the program to do many tasks quickly. C．Allowing the program to write all kinds of texts. D．Improving the program’s ability to play video games. 27．DeepSeek-R1 can offer students ________ to help with their study according to Paragraph 4. A．nice ideas and fun ways B．more difficult problems C．questions and answers D．computers and technology 28．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to use DeepSeek-R1. B．The development of AI in China. C．The advantages and uses of DeepSeek-R1. D．Differences between DeepSeek-Rl and other AI models. （八） （2025·辽宁本溪市·一模） People often set many alarms to wake themselves up in time. However, this can be unhealthy as it reduces the quality of sleep, said Brandon Peters, a doctor from Virginia Mason Franciscan Health in Seattle, US. A good sleep has four stages. During the first stage, we enter a light sleep. Our body relaxes, and our heart beats more slowly. As we fall deeper into sleep, stage two starts. Our eyes stop moving, and our body temperature becomes lower. Then comes the third stage. It is the deepest sleep and also the hardest to wake up from. Last is the fourth stage. Scientists call it rapid eye movement sleep, or REM sleep. Our eyes move quickly from side to side, both our breathing and our heartbeat pick up. REM sleep is important because most of our dreams take place during it. This helps us deal with our emotions (情绪) and remember the new things that we learn during the day. REM sleep mostly take place in the last hours of a night’s sleep. So, disrupting (扰乱) it with alarms ringing one after another is a bad idea. People should set one alarm only. They can also try alarms that use light, not sound, Alicia Roth at the US Cleveland Clinic told CNN. 29．It’s the hardest for us to wake up during the ________ stage of sleep. A．first B．second C．third D．last 30．The writer mentioned our ________ when explaining “a light sleep”. A．heartbeat B．breathing C．eyes D．temperature 31．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s a bad idea to try alarms that use light. B．Our body relaxes when we enter REM sleep. C．Sometimes we deal with our emotions in our dreams. D．Most of our dreams take place in the last hour of a night’s sleep. 32．The best title (题目) for the passage is “________”. A．How to have sweet dreams? B．Early to bed, early to rise C．Do we really need alarms? D．Sleep right, wake right （九） （2025·辽宁锦州市·二模） The 24 solar terms in China mark the changing seasons and agricultural cycles (农业周期). Among the 24 solar terms,Xiaoman, the eighth solar term, falls between May 20th and May 22nd each year. The name Xiaoman means “a little full” in Chinese, showing the fact that the food crops (庄稼) in the field are becoming full, but they are not yet ripe (成熟的). It’s a time when farmers can watch their fields turn golden under the warm sun. They hope to have a good harvest (收成) soon. DuringXiaoman, it gradually changes from spring to summer. The days become longer and hotter, and the rainfall increases, providing the necessary water for food growth. This period is important for farmers, as it can influence the quality of their harvest. A special custom connected with Xiaoman is silkworm raising (养蚕). It is an important way to make a living for people who live in the south of the Yangtze River, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Silkworms need to be taken good care of at this time of the year with fresh mulberry (桑树) leaves. It’s also regarded as the best time to cook cocoons (茧) and produce silk. Famous Chinese poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu from the Tang Dynasty all wrote poems that described the silkworm raising activities at this time. Today, it’s popular for Chinese children to raise white silkworms in a paper box, covered with green fresh mulberry leaves. For them, raising silkworms is not a way to make a living, but to see the magic of nature. It’s exciting to carefully watch the silkworms grow bigger and bigger, and finally become white cocoons. 33．What does the name Xiaoman mean about crops during this time? A．Crops are fully ripe and harvested. B．Crops need more and more water. C．Crops stop growing and dry up. D．Crops are growing but not yet ripe. 34．Why is rainfall duringXiaomanimportant for farmers? A．It helps cool down the hot weather in summer. B．It provides the necessary water for crop growth. C．It marks the beginning of the planting season. D．It tells the farmers the start of silkworm raising. 35．We can know from Paragraph Four that ________. A．there were a lot of famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. B．silkworm raising was popular during Xiaoshuin history. C．the silkworms need to be looked after well at this time. D．the poets were good at writing different kinds of poems. 36．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Some farmers. B．Some Chinese children. C．White silkworms. D．Mulberry leaves. （十） （2025·辽宁辽阳市·一模） ________________ Have you ever felt uncomfortable with your stomach when you’ re nervous or excited? This is because there is a close connection between your gut (消化道) and your brain. You have around 200 types of microbes (细菌) in your gut. Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. “So, take care of your gut.” a scientist says. 690 Stop anger with activities A new study aimed at 12,489 people has suggested that the key to reducing anger is not letting it out, but doing calming activities such as yoga. These activities could slow the heart rate (心率). However, scientists also find some ball games and team sports, which are fun or playful, could reduce anger. 569 Show compassion Showing compassion means you understand others’ feelings and treat them with kindness. Scientists have discovered when you show compassion, your brain lets out a feel-good chemical, which helps to reduce stress. It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it, too. 943 37．The best heading for the first piece of news would be ________. A．Focus on your brain B．Microbes in your body C．Look after your gut D．Problems with your stomach 38．It is believed that showing compassion can ________. A．spread to others B．slow your heart rate C．develop your brain D．make people confident 39．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They are liked by 690 people. B．They show some research results. C．They help us make more friends. D．They teach us how to face stress. 40．In which part of the website can we read the news? A．PEOPLE B．HEALTH C．FOOD D．SPORTS 能力进阶 （一） （2025·辽宁辽阳市·一模） Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But do you know how butterflies become the flying insects? It’s one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf of a plant. It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly. Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage. After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again.This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things. 1．What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Butterflies are a kind of insect. B．Butterflies are good at flying. C．Butterflies have colorful wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell. 2．What is the right order of the development process (发育过程) of a butterfly? ① It becomes a pupa.                ② It becomes a walking insect. ③ Female butterflies lay an egg.    ④ It spreads wings and flies away. A．①→②→③→④ B．①→②→④→③ C．③→②→①→④ D．③→②→④→① 3．Which of the following best describes a butterfly after the blanket breaks? A．It has legs, eyes and a large body. B．It has four legs, eyes and a mouth. C．It has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings D．It has legs, eyes, a mouth and a large body. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．One Insect, Four Lives B．The Kinds of Butterflies C．One Insect, Different Colors D．The Habits of Butterflies （二） （2025·江苏扬州·中考真题） Have you ever wondered what else you can do on the train besides sleeping or scrolling through your phone? Actually, in China, trains have turned into centres which bring together the public and the nation’s intangible cultural Heritage (ICH，非物质文化遗产). Trains go across China and they are becoming ideal places for introducing local traditional culture. A good example is the K7041 train from Harbin to Mohe in Northeast China’s Heilongjiang Province. On the ICH train, Gulayier, dressed in traditional clothes, sang Oroqen folk songs and his partner played the Oroqen jaw harp, a musical instrument. Tourists on the train, especially those from southern China, sang and danced excitedly with the two performers (表演者) together. Gulayier said the train made it easier to hold tourists’ attention to his shows. He thought the train was a good platform for promoting (促进) ICH. Traditional heritage comes to life on trains. More ICH such as Qinhuai lanterns from Nanjing, Yulin puppet shows, and tea-picking operas in Guangxi has also made appearances on high-speed trains across China. It offers passengers a close-up way to experience traditional culture. Professor Xiao Fang from Beijing Normal University shares Gulayier’s opinion on the new use of ICH trains. He has pointed out another advantage of this. Beyond cultural promotion, it offers help for tourism. When passengers enjoy local traditions on board, they often develop a deeper interest in exploring the places they pass through. However, the ICH train journeys still have challenges, including the narrow space on trains and passengers getting on and off at each station. Therefore, some solutions are coming up cultural corners show traditional arts, and QR codes connect to more digital information. These help passengers to explore ICH at their own pace and continue learning after their journey ends. The success of ICH trains offers valuable lessons for cultural protection worldwide, proving that innovation (革新) and tradition can work together to keep cultural heritage alive for future generations. 5．What is the fresh experience for passengers on the K7041 train? A．Travelling farther north. B．Joining in live shows. C．Wearing traditional clothes. D．Having fun on the phone. 6．What do Gulayier and Professor Xiao both agree? A．ICH encourages more local visits. B．Trains help make ICH more popular. C．ICH improves the Chinese train journeys. D．Passengers welcome performers on ICH trains. 7．What does paragraph 5 mention about the ICH train journeys? A．Their features and influence. B．Their reasons and results. C．Their problems and methods. D．Their future and improvement. 8．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Trains push China’s cultural heritage further. B．China puts arms around local artists on ICH trains. C．More ICH trains begin running on railways in China. D．Train passengers share different local cultures of China. （三） （2025·山东东营·中考真题） What is a grassland? A grassland is a biome (生物群落区) that is covered with grasses. Grass is everything to a grassland. Grass is food for animals. Grass can keep the grassland warm and wet. Grass stops the wind from blowing away the soil (土壤). There are two kinds of grasslands. Temperate grasslands are one kind. Temperate means the environment has a mild climate (温和气候) and four seasons. Temperate grasslands have rich soil. Tropical grasslands are the other kind. Tropical means the environment is near the equator and is warm all year round. Tropical grasslands have a rainy season and a dry season. They usually have more trees and poorer soil than temperate grasslands. Both temperate and tropical grasslands have a yearly rainfall of 25 to 75 centimeters. With so little rain, the land can dry out. Fires can start easily. What adaptations (适应性) help grassland plants and animals survive (存活)? Different grasslands have different kinds of grasses. However, nearly all grassland grasses have adaptations to growing well in dry conditions. Grasses have deep roots. The roots can take in water and keep nutrients (营养). When a fire burns, everything above ground is destroyed (破坏). Down below, the roots survive. They hold on to their water and nutrients. After a fire, new stalks can grow from the roots. The old, dead grass becomes part of soil. Gradually, the soil gets richer and richer. Most grasses have adaptations to growing from the roots. This helps them survive and grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. Trees that grow in tropical grasslands also have adaptations that help them survive. For example, the baobab tree grows leaves only during the wet season. It loses its leaves during the dry season. Many kinds of animals live in grasslands. All of them have adaptations that help them survive. Some grassland animals have flat teeth for eating grass. For example, with their flat teeth, zebras bite off (咬下) the tops of grasses that are difficult to cut. 9．What plays the most important role in a grassland? A．The tree. B．The soil. C．The grass. D．The animal. 10．What do the two kinds of grasslands have in common? A．The kind of grasses. B．The kind of climate. C．The number of seasons. D．The low yearly rainfall. 11．What can help grass grow well in dry conditions? A．Big fires. B．Deep roots. C．Rich soil. D．New stalks. 12．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Zebras use flat teeth for biting off grasses. B．After a fire, the grass on the grassland dies forever. C．The leaves of the baobab trees drop during the wet season. D．Most grasses can’t grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. 13．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Life in the grassland. B．Fires in the grassland. C．Plants in the grassland. D．Climate of the grassland. （四） （2025·山东滨州·中考真题） Being overweight (超重) is harmful to health. It can increase the risk of diseases (疾病) such as heart problems and high blood pressure. China has made a three-year weight management plan to help people control weight. So, do you know how to manage your weight? Both what you eat and how you eat are very important. You should eat meals at regular (有规律的) times. Have breakfast every day and finish dinner by 7 p.m. Avoid snacks, fried food and drinks with lots of sugar. Eat until you’re 70% full and eat slowly. Begin your meal with vegetables, then meat, and finally rice or noodles. This helps to control how much you eat. Exercise is as crucial as eating. Try to exercise for 150 to 300 minutes each week such as walking, swimming or bike riding, along with strength (力量) training twice a week. If you sit for too long, stand up and move for 3 to 5 minutes every hour. Also, get enough sleep, about 7 hours a night. What’s more, some cities have already set up special “weight management clinics (门诊)” in hospitals. In order to help people lose weight safely, some experts can provide people with advice on diet (饮食), exercise plans and Traditional Chinese Medicine methods. Schools are encouraged to teach students about healthy eating. Families, hotels, and other places can also provide support for weight management. Even AI technology might be used to improve personal weight management. Experts remind us that weight management is not a short-term goal. It’s a lifelong habit. Let’s work together for a healthier future. 14．Why has China made a three-year weight management plan? A．To do medical research. B．To improve students’ diet. C．To encourage people to relax. D．To help people control weight. 15．According to the passage, what’s Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Basic table manners. B．Healthy eating habits. C．Useful cooking skills. D．Scientific exercise plans. 16．The underlined word “crucial” in Paragraph 3 probably means _________. A．important B．popular C．convenient D．available 17．What can we infer from the passage? A．Experts can provide people with healthy food. B．Only hospitals provide support for weight management. C．Good habits make a big difference to weight management. D．Exercising for an hour each week is enough to help lose weight. 18．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph2…) A． B． C． D． （五） （2025·山东滨州·中考真题） Do you not see the Yellow River come from the sky, rushing into the sea and never returning? This poem describes a very beautiful scene of the Yellow River. The Yellow River is the cradle of China’s civilization (中华文明的摇篮). It’s in northern China. It runs through nine provinces from west to east. It looks like the Chinese character “几”. It is the second longest river in China, and the fifth longest in the world. The Yellow River is also called the “mother river of China”. So flood (洪水) control and prevention have always been the key to the happy lives of people. Now, scientists can better solve these problems by giving the river a digital (数字) twin. The Yellow River’s digital twin uses new technologies such as big data (数据), AI and Internet of things to collect and send the information to the control center. According to the information, a 3D model of the river is shown on the computer screen, and it reflects the real conditions of the Yellow River. It’s like the Yellow River has a twin. One big success in the Yellow River’s protection is “smart stones”. They are put in important places along the river to record the movement of the river. As soon as smart stones feel the unusual movement of the river, they’ll send an alarm to the control center at once. In this way, the government can take action to protect the Yellow River in time. And in the sky, drones (无人机) are flying to survey the flood prevention projects. Thanks to the drones, scientists can get the information about the Yellow River in time. Under the water and up in the sky, intelligent devices (设备) are helping to protect the Yellow River. In the future, we’ll try our best to create better ways for the mother river’s protection. 19．According to the map, the “sea” in Paragraph 1 refers to _________. A．the Yellow Sea B．the Bohai Sea C．the South China Sea D．the East China Sea 20．How does the writer introduce the Yellow River in Paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling a story. C．By comparing opinions. D．By asking questions. 21．The intelligent devices are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT _________. A．drones B．smart stones C．intelligent cars D．a digital twin 22．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The Yellow River runs through nine provinces. B．The digital twin only uses big data to make a 3D model. C．Smart stones can feel the unusual movement of the river. D．Drones help to get the information about the Yellow River. 23．What could be the best title for the passage? A．The Location of the Yellow River B．Beautiful Scenes of the Yellow River C．A Poem of Praising the Yellow River D．New Ways of Protecting the Yellow River （六） （2025·山东日照·中考真题） A nudge is a gentle push. Sometimes it’s a physical push. A person might nudge a friend to make him move out of the way, or a parent might nudge a child to get her to say thank you for a gift. Sometimes a nudge is a mental (心理) push. A boss might nudge workers to work faster by reminding them that a deadline (最后期限) is coming up. In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics. First, they make one choice seem more attractive and useful than the others. Second, design nudges don’t say clearly what the best choice is. They just suggest it in an indirect way. We can see many examples where nudges help people choose what’s good for them. Take students as an example. Nudges can encourage them to give up negative behaviors, such as eating junk food at lunch, and develop positive ones. Studies show that most people take the first three foods they see more often than other foods. Schools can use this information to nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line and unhealthy ones at the end. Giving food nicer names can also change student choices. “Cool summer salad” will probably be more popular than just “salad”. However, not all design nudges are beneficial. For example, shops might shine a light on fruit, using this nudge to increase sales. But it benefits shops, not customers. A hotel that offers a free breakfast might choose to put low-cost but unhealthy food in a noticeable place and put higher-cost but healthier food in a far corner. This helps the hotel save money but is bad for guests. Design nudges are all around us because they are effective. A growing number of people are now using nudges on themselves to help overcome problems and make better choices. 24．What is a characteristic of design nudges? A．They clearly tell people what to choose. B．They push people to make decisions quickly. C．They encourage people to think independently. D．They make one choice seem better than the rest. 25．How can schools nudge their students to eat better? A．By offering more food choices to them. B．By providing high-cost foods at lower prices. C．By putting healthy foods at a noticeable place. D．By placing unhealthy foods at the front of the line. 26．What can we learn from the examples in Paragraph 4? A．Design nudges might be used in a bad way. B．People often misunderstand design nudges. C．People use design nudges widely in daily life. D．Design nudges can improve the service quality. 27．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The power of a nudge B．The benefits of a nudge C．How to design a nudge D．How to recognize a nudge （七） （2025·山东济南·中考真题） Every morning, a big riverside school in the forest of Borneo comes to life. The caretakers and teachers in the school are from a specialized team, and the students there are orangutans (猩猩) whose parents have gone missing, making it one of the most unusual schools in the world. The orangutans aged from 2 to 8 years old are divided into five groups according to their skills. They are looked after by the team who feed the babies and teach the older ones to start feeding themselves. There are often problems in the beginning. For example, there was a lesson about how to break open a coconut to drink the milk inside. Several young orangutans couldn’t do that and they got very angry about the whole thing. Of course, as in any social group, the orangutans have to learn to get on with each other. There are the usual arguments over food when one orangutan doesn’t get what he or she wants. However, with the care of the trainers, they gradually learn to accept each other. In one of the lessons, the trainers teach young orangutans to climb trees. This is an important skill they need to learn. Some of the orangutans in particular were really scared. It took them a long time to get the courage to climb up and swing from a branch (树枝), but when they finally did it, they were so satisfied with themselves! The goal of the “education system” is to train the orangutans to be able to live in the wild again and look after themselves. They won’t have to stay at school forever. After the older orangutans are set free into the forest, there is no more connection with the people from the school. They now have to live as wild orangutans again and be accepted by the other orangutans who are already there. The day when they say goodbye is a difficult one. However, the trainers are happy that their job is done. They have successfully taught young orangutans how to live in the wild again—where they belong. 28．Where is the orangutan school? A．In a forest. B．By a lake. C．In a zoo. D．In a laboratory. 29．What do orangutans learn to do in the school? A．Fight to live. B．Be good with each other. C．Make useful tools. D．Feed babies on their own. 30．How did the young orangutans feel after learning to climb trees? A．Surprised. B．Relaxed. C．Tired. D．Happy. 31．Why is the “education system” set up for orangutans? A．To offer them an easy life. B．To train them to be independent. C．To free them from the past. D．To keep them away from humans. 32．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Special Forest Team B．Wildlife Schools in the World C．A School with a Difference D．Courses for Smart Orangutans （八） （2025·山东日照·中考真题） Lightning usually destroys (破坏) trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them! For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself. In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree, which had been struck by strong lightning. It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure. Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2—6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years. These Dipteryx oleifera trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx trees was struck twice in 5 years yet continued to grow well. At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract (吸引) lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and grow better. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics. 33．What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree? A．It dies quickly after lightning strikes. B．It takes in nutrients directly from lightning. C．It grows better after being struck by lightning. D．It avoids lightning by hiding under other trees. 34．What does the underlined word “handle” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Mix up. B．Give out. C．Suffer from. D．Deal with. 35．Why do Dipteryx oleifera trees attract lightning? A．To get more water from the sky. B．To kill nearby trees for growth. C．To become shorter and stronger. D．To protect other trees around them. 36．What might scientists do next according to the text? A．Plant more Dipteryx oleifera trees. B．Study how trees attract lightning better. C．Find out where Dipteryx oleifera trees live. D．Look for more trees that can survive lightning. （九） （2025·山东济南·中考真题） Construction (建筑) is one of the biggest users of energy and one of the biggest polluters. According to AI Magazine, construction is responsible for using 38% of world energy. The building part alone takes up almost 55% of final energy use and 33% of greenhouse gases. It’s also well known that steel produces too much material waste in building construction. Because of this big challenge, the future of sustainable (可持续的) construction may lie with AI. AI is able to study building efficiency (效率) performance by grouping data to find the best chances for sustainable material usage. With a tool like AI, the future of sustainable construction could progress much faster than in the past. Besides, AI helps architects (建筑师) work with new tools and sustainable materials to create our better buildings and cities of the future. For example, construction 3D printing guided by AI can offer better choices for building materials to save money, and map out how construction materials could be recycled. In a professional article, AI is praised as a tool for sustainable construction, “In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.” AI can be used to speed up the future of sustainable construction to set standards for the industry, and make construction more efficient and affordable. Like any other computer, AI is a tool that is particularly good at studying data sets, but for the moment it still requires smart and ethical (有道德的) human beings to lead its work. All of that has to be done with respect for humans, so it’s really up to us to make it work. 37．How is paragraph 1 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By expressing feelings. D．By making comparisons. 38．How can AI help architects? A．Produce sustainable steel. B．Draw maps of dream cities. C．Invent recyclable 3D printers. D．Choose sustainable materials. 39．Which best explains the underlined word “promising” in paragraph 3? A．Facing challenges. B．Needing improving. C．Taking years to grow. D．Having a bright future. 40．What does the writer suggest in the last paragraph? A．It’s difficult to develop AI. B．Humans’ future depends on AI. C．It’s humans’ duty to guide AI. D．Humans and AI should work together. 41．What is the text mainly about? A．AI recycles construction wastes. B．AI may take the place of architects. C．AI helps sustainable construction. D．AI speeds sustainable development. （十） （2025·山东济宁·中考真题） It’s fun to visit the monkeys at the zoo and watch them play and climb. We laugh at how cute they are and talk about how much they seem like us. But in some cities, monkeys and people live together—it isn’t a pleasure at all. In New Delhi, India, thousands of small monkeys live in the city. They steal food from street shops, break into people’s houses, and leave a mess. Sometimes they even bite (咬) people and cause blackouts (停电) and Internet problems. Every year the city grows and more forests are cut down, leaving monkeys with no wild space. Now monkeys are used to living in the city. It’s a big worry! The government has tried many ways to keep monkeys away. Workers catch monkeys and take them to wild areas far from the city. To stop the monkeys from returning for food, trucks bring food to them. But the wild areas aren’t large enough for all the monkeys. Recently, the city also tried using paper tigers and recorded sounds to drive them away. However, monkeys quickly learn these aren’t real. The problem won’t be easily solved. Most people like monkeys and don’t want to hurt them, but they don’t want monkeys in their homes either. The monkeys probably feel exactly the same way about us. No matter what method we choose, one thing is clear: if we don’t protect the homes of wild animals, they may have no choice but to live in ours. 42．Which is a problem caused by monkeys in New Delhi? A．Making the zoo a mess. B．Breaking into people’s homes. C．Stealing food from trucks. D．Causing harm to other animals. 43．Why is it difficult to keep monkeys away in the city? ① Because monkeys refuse to eat provided food. ② Because monkey catchers cannot catch them all. ③ Because the wild areas cannot hold so many monkeys. ④ Because paper tigers and recorded sounds don’t always work. A．①③ B．②④ C．③④ D．②③ 44．Which of the following is TRUE about Paragraph 4? A．People don’t care about the monkeys living around them. B．The government has found the best way to control monkeys. C．Monkeys are happy to share their living space with humans. D．Protecting monkeys’ natural homes may stop them from living in cities. 45．Where would you most probably find this passage? A．In a story book. B．In a zoo website. C．In a wildlife magazine. D．In a guide book. 真题实战 （一） （2025·重庆·中考真题） Tea has long been a popular drink in China. Chinese people love different kinds of tea. Among them, black tea and white tea from Fujian, green tea from Zhejiang and Anhui, and dark tea from Yunnan are some of the favorites. In the Song Dynasty (960—1279), tea culture reached new heights. The beauty of the Song tea came alive through “dian cha”. Powdered (粉状的) tea was whisked (搅打) with water into soft “clouds”. White tea was often used to make the “clouds” as white as the moonlight. Tea artists used clean water to draw pictures on them with a teaspoon. The way of serving dian cha became a living art. It later influenced Japanese tea culture. Today, more young people are learning and passing it on. Yunnan’s dark tea, especially Pu’er, got famous because of the Ancient Tea Horse Road. And it won popularity around the world. In 1976, Frenchman Fred Kempler found a new kind of Pu’er from Yunnan in a Hong Kong shop. In the same year, he visited Yunnan, bought nearly two tons, and began to sell “Yunnan Tuocha” in Europe. Since 1986, Yunnan’s Pu’er tuocha has got many prizes at food expos (博览会) in France, America and other countries. Today you can see an old Australian lady holding a cup of tea of sun-dried Pu’er, though she still enjoys her English-style black tea with milk and sugar. Tea is a bridge of friendship among nations and peoples. Tea is enjoyed timelessly from ancient to modern times. Each cup of dian cha, white as the moonlight, turned tea into art, and art into eternity (永恒). Tea is also loved globally from the east to the west. Each cup of Pu’er, with the smell of sunshine, turns tea into friendship, and friendship into a shared future. 1．What kind of tea was often used for dian cha according to the passage? A．Black tea. B．Green tea. C．Dark tea. D．White tea. 2．When did Fred Kempler begin to sell “Yunnan Tuocha” in Europe? A．In 1986. B．In 1976. C．In 1279. D．In 960. 3．Which sentence uses “globally” with the same meaning as the underlined word? globally /'gləʊbəli/ adv. ①全球地②全面地③总体而言，整体地 A．Globally, our class did well in the English test. B．The Olympic Games bring people together globally. C．The story is globally interesting though some parts are slow. D．This math question needs you to consider the numbers globally. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．More Than a Drink B．Tea Trade in China C．Art in a Tea Cup D．Journey of Yunnan Tea （二） （2024·安徽·中考真题） If you get angry many times in a day, it is time for you to think about how to deal with it. Here are some of my suggestions. When you are angry, try to tell yourself through another voice that you are angry and that it is not a bad thing. It just shows that you have different ideas. Accept that many things are not 100% right or wrong. In our communication with others, the final purpose is not to decide who is right and who is wrong, but to look for something in common. If you still feel strong anger, try taking a deep breath (呼吸) and let anger out of your body along with the breath. Don’t say angry words when you are very angry, for you will regret saying them when you cool down. Discussing with a third party is helpful. It is hard for the two parties in anger to understand each other, but the idea of an outsider can help both parties to get mutual (相互的) understanding. Anger is just one of the many emotions (情绪) that make us human, and to well manage it adds to our ability to truly understand the world. 5．What is the final purpose of communication with other people? A．To show different ideas. B．To look for something in common. C．To accept useful suggestions. D．To decide whether one is right or not. 6．What does the writer advise us to do when we can’t cool down? A．Say angry words. B．Try taking a deep breath. C．Control our voices. D．Stop talking with others. 7．What does the underlined word “party” in paragraph 4 mean? A．An activity. B．A visitor. C．A person. D．A meeting. 8．What is the text mainly about? A．How to manage anger. B．How to show feelings. C．How to deal with regrets. D．How to understand the world. （三） （2025·重庆·中考真题） “Wow! Look at that! Isn’t it a real fish?” The bionic (仿生) fish, named “Jinlin”, was swimming lively like a real one. It was developed by researchers at Shanghai Ocean University. This invention isn’t just for fun—it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems. That is a science called bionics. Over millions of years, animals and plants have developed smart ways to survive. For example, kingfishers are experts at moving fast between air and water with very little noise. Through their study, scientists discovered that the birds’ long beaks (喙) enabled this ability. Then they used the knowledge to change the front of the high-speed train. This change cut down noise level, increased speed by 10% and greatly saved energy. This combination (结合) of biology and engineering is the key to success in bionics. And it has set the stage for the rise of other new technologies. Driven by robotics and AI, bionics has grown rapidly. The AI-powered bionic fish “Jinlin” can be used for environmental protection and deep sea exploration. In medicine, bionic arms can work similarly to real arms. Sensors allow the user to “feel” touch and pressure. Motors help the bionic arms make movements, like human muscles (肌肉). With AI, the bionic arms are able to “learn” new tasks and become smarter over time. These inventions are examples to show how bionics bridges biology and new technologies to solve humans’ problems. Although so much progress has been made, bionics faces challenges. Nature’s designs are hard to copy perfectly. As for bionic arms, one key area of development is Brain-Computer Interface (脑机接口). More work on direct communication between the brain and bionic arms is required to control movements as naturally as real arms. Researchers are also working on creating new materials and structures which can sense and repair themselves. While there’s still a long way to go, the future of bionics is full of possibilities. Stay hungry. Stay foolish. Maybe you’ll be the next one to change the world! 9．Why does the writer mention “Jinlin” at the beginning of the passage? A．To suggest some new ideas. B．To lead into the topic of bionics. C．To explain the habits of fish. D．To show the importance of bionics. 10．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Robotics and AI have developed fast because of bionics. B．The bionic fish “Jinlin” is used for medical purposes. C．Motors allow the bionic arms to make movements. D．Sensors help bionic arms learn new tasks over time. 11．According to Paragraph 4, how would scientists make bionic arms more like real ones? ① By connecting motors with smart phones. ② By developing new materials and structures. ③ By improving Brain-Computer Interface. ④ By changing the shape and look of bionic arms. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 12．Which of the following shows the use of bionics? A．Drawing a picture of birds by watching real birds. B．Building a house with natural materials like wood. C．Designing a camera by copying some insects’ eyes. D．Learning to dance by studying monkeys’ movements. （四） （2024·重庆·中考真题） ①More than 100,000 people cheered at the breathtaking moment when 3,000 drones flew over Chaotianmen on the Chinese New Year Eve. The 15-minute drone show had 300 million views online. ②In fact, drones are easy to operate. People send orders to the control system. Rotors push against the air to make the drone rise or stay in the air. By changing the angle (角度) and the speed of different rotors, the drone flies in all directions. ③Drones can complete difficult and special tasks in a timely and effective way. ④After an earthquake, drones can fly over blocked roads to find people or record any possible danger. Reaching the mountain village by road may take several hours, but drones provide information in just a few minutes. ⑤For weak wildlife populations, drones can show where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying guns. At night, drones with infrared (红外线的) cameras can easily find them in the dark. ⑥Drones also provide convenience for the public. For example, at a sports event, drones are used to give a view from above or help coaches see how their players are doing. ⑦In a word, drones have been widely used in emergency (紧急情况), environmental protection, farming, transportation and others, with more fields on the way. ⑧As drones are cheaper, more practical and less dangerous than planes or helicopters, drone flight activities have become the important driving force for the growth of low-altitude economy (低空经济). Besides well-known leaders like DJI, more pioneering companies have appeared. At the end of last year, there were nearly 1.27 million registered (注册的) drones across the country. The drone industry is believed to be full of chances and possibilities. 13．What’s the purpose in writing Paragraph 1? A．To provide the background. B．To lead into the subject. C．To compare differences. D．To introduce a festival. 14．What does the underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．非法捕猎者 B．动物保护者 C．无人机驾驶员 D．野生动物管理员 15．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 16．What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A．The history of the drone industry. B．The advantages of drones. C．The future of the drone industry. D．The standards of drones. （五） （2025·江苏南通·中考真题） Sports might have started as a way to survive. Long ago, people ran, jumped, and climbed to stay alive. Hunters were known for their special skills. Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. The ancient Greeks made a big change by holding the first Olympic Games. Modern sports began in England in the early 19th century and then spread globally. These became the models for sports such as football that we play now. Sports come in many shapes and sizes. Organized sports, whether swimming or ice hockey, are serious forms of play. There are rules to obey, skills and positions to learn, and plans to carry out. Team sports like soccer require you to work with teammates, while individual (个人的) sports such as tennis focus on your personal performance. There’s no doubt that sports are valuable. The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world. Organized sports get us using our bodies and minds, which makes us more imaginative, curious, and creative. The skills we learn can help us in school and later at work. In an ideal world, sports would always be fun. But in reality, sports can cause physical hurt like broken bones, and also harm in mind. In team sports, misunderstandings and hurt feelings are part of the learning process. Sports are supposed to bring people together, but they can also drive people apart. But even when they’re not always a cheerful experience, they show us how to face life’s challenges. You don’t have to be on a school team. But many, like school coaches, have found ways to make play their work, which makes them feel whole. There’s no better place to play and learn about the world than on a sports field. No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner. 17．In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A．Travel. B．Nature. C．Technology. D．Entertainment. 18．Why is play important for teenagers according to the passage? A．It reduces their physical hurt easily. B．It improves their mind and body health. C．It helps them have more time for sleep. D．It teaches them how to win competitions. 19．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion? A．People should try to become a famous athlete. B．People can play mainly for fun and enjoyment. C．Trying team sports is better than individual ones. D．Avoiding sports that cause hurt is the best choice. 20．What may be the best title for the passage? A．The Styles of Sports B．The History of Sports C．The Charm of Sports D．The Challenges of Sports （六） （2025·江苏常州·中考真题） For those whose hearts often go off beat, pacemakers (心脏起搏器) are life savers. By providing a small electrical support at the right moment, they can keep a heart working properly. Their main problem is that they use batteries. Even the best of them will run out of energy, and changing the batteries requires operations. Since operations are usually best avoided, the search has been on for long-lasting batteries. Different choices have been explored for a long time. Today, pacemakers with lithium (锂) batteries last between 5 and 15 years. Zhang Hao, from Shanghai Second Military Medical University, and Yang Bin, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, tried a way to refill a pacemaker’s battery with electricity (电) by getting energy from inside the body. They report in the magazine ACS Nano that they have also used the heart muscle (肌肉) itself to work. Earlier efforts by other scientists to use heart muscle power to run pacemakers depend on piezoelectric materials (压电材料). These materials can be connected to a beating heart and produce electricity when they are slightly deformed (弯曲). This has worked, but not well enough: the output has rarely been over 5 microwatts (微瓦), while most pacemakers require at least ten. Dr Zhang and Dr Yang believed that they could improve matters by making their piezoelectric materials more dramatically deformed, and then produce 15 microwatts, because the more deformed, the more electricity will be produced. They put their idea to the test in a 50kg pig. It made enough electricity for the pacemaker to work as expected. Whether such an idea will pass human tests remains to be seen. But if it does, the days of pacemakers that need battery changes through operations may not last long. 21．According to the first two paragraphs, what is a problem with pacemakers? A．They often go off beat. B．Their energy can be used up. C．Operations often influence them. D．They sometimes do harm to hearts. 22．From this passage, what do we know about piezoelectric materials? A．They can be used to produce electricity. B．They can deform the heart to make it beat faster. C．They were first used by Zhang Hao and Yang Bin. D．They were proved to produce 15 microwatts in human tests. 23．What does the word “dramatically” in the 4th paragraph most probably mean? A．Comfortably. B．Safely. C．Greatly. D．Rapidly. 24．What is the best title for this article? A．No Need to Use Pacemakers B．The Problem with Piezoelectric Materials C．The Contribution of Chinese Scientists to Heart Operations D．Chinese Scientists Found a New Way to Improve Pacemakers （七） （2025·江苏无锡·中考真题） Brazilian artist Vik Muniz uses everyday objects in unusual ways. Through his art, Muniz makes people think differently about their everyday lives-even their own rubbish. In 2007, Muniz worked on a two-year project at one of the world’s largest landfills. Until its closure in 2012, Jardim Gramacho received about 70 percent of the rubbish from Rio de Janeiro. About 3,000 rubbish pickers, known as catadores, worked there. Their job was to hunt through the rubbish for recyclable cans, bottles, and other materials. They then made money by selling the objects to recycling companies. The catadores’ work was dirty and dangerous, and most of them only received between $20 and $25 a day. Despite the hard conditions, many catadores were proud of their work. Valter Dos Santos, a worker at Jardim Gramacho for more than 25 years, told Muniz, “I am proud to be a picker. I try to explain to people that recycling prevents great harm to nature and the environment. People sometimes say, ‘But one single soda can?’ One single can is of great importance! That single can will make the difference.” Muniz became friends with Dos Santos and other catadores. They allowed him to take their photographs at the landfill, where they posed for artistic portraits. For example, Muniz photographed a landfill worker in the style of a famous French painting. The workers then helped Muniz create huge images of these photos on the floor of his workshop. They used materials from the landfill to add color and depth to the images. ________ Muniz says he wanted to “change the lives of people with the same materials they deal with every day.” A photograph of his recreation of the French painting sold for £28,000 ($50,000) at a London art auction. Muniz gave the money to the catadores workers’ organization. In 2010, a movie called Waste Land was made about Muniz’s project. The film received many awards and helped make people aware of the rubbish collectors’ lives. The catadores also began to see themselves differently. “Sometimes we see ourselves as so small,” says Irma, a cook at Gramacho, “but people out there see us as so big, so beautiful.” 25．Why did the writer mention Valter Dos Santos? A．To tell the story of a catador’s life. B．To describe the catadores’ hard conditions. C．To show the value of a catador’s work. D．To give an example of successful catadores. 26．What can we learn about Muniz’s photographs? A．They were all taken at the landfill. B．He spent a long time on each of them. C．They were only part of his unusual creation. D．He took them in the style of famous paintings. 27．Which of the following is the most suitable for ________? A．Why take such photos of these catadores? B．Why create such huge images using rubbish? C．How to help these people in a creative way? D．How to turn everyday objects into art pieces? 28．Which of the following shows the right order of the things that happened? a. A movie was made about Muniz’s project. b. Gramacho stopped receiving rubbish. c. Dos Santos started working at Gramacho. d. Muniz made friends with some catadores. A．d-c-b-a. B．c-d-b-a. C．d-c-a-b. D．c-d-a-b. （八） （2025·江苏南通·中考真题） ①Do you sometimes feel too afraid to try new things? If you want to grow and get better, you need to take risks and challenge yourself. But your brain often tells you to stay safe. It might say, “Don’t bother trying something new.” Even when these thoughts aren’t reasonable, our anxiety (担心) can still win. Instead of thinking about the good things that could happen, we worry more about “What if something goes wrong?” ②Avoiding all risks might seem smart, but it can make you feel unhappy. The problem is that we often make decisions based on feelings, not facts. We think, “The more scared I feel, the riskier it is.” But feelings aren’t always reasonable. If we knew how to think about risks clearly, we’d know which risks are worth taking. For example, trying a new hobby like painting might feel scary at first, but it could bring you joy and new skills. ③Whether you’re afraid to change your job or too nervous to ask a friend for coffee, learning to take “good risks” can improve your life. Here are good ways to help. ④Balance feelings with facts. Many times, we think fear means something risky. But that’s not true. For example, driving a car feels safe because we do it every day, but giving a speech in public might make your heart beat fast. Yet the fact shows that car accidents are much more common than getting hurt while speaking! So before you avoid doing something scary, take three deep breaths and ask yourself, “What’s the real risk here?” ⑤Take steps to succeed. You can do many small things to lower risks. If you’re nervous about a test, make a study plan and review each day—this helps you feel more prepared. It’s okay to feel butterflies in your stomach when you try something new. Facing fear helps build your mental muscle, just like exercising builds physical muscle. So, taking smart risks helps you become mentally stronger. Each time you try something scary, you will learn to deal with uncertainty and anxiety. You’ll also get new skills and grow from mistakes. If you try out for a dance team and don’t make it, you can ask for the reason and then practise more. With practice, you’ll get better at facing risks, and your chances of success will rise. 29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the first two paragraphs? A．Avoiding risks is a smart way to stay happy. B．Taking risks requires us to trust our feelings. C．Our brain often tells us to face challenges bravely. D．Our feelings often influence us to make decisions. 30．What does the underlined phrase “build your mental muscle” mean in the last paragraph? A．Develop strength in your mind. B．Exercise your body to stay healthy. C．Think mainly about cheerful things. D．Avoid situations that make you afraid. 31．What is the structure of this passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2...) A．B． C． D． 32．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Taking smart risks can push us forward. B．Trying many small things can reduce risks. C．Learning clearly about real risks can help a lot. D．Practising more can help deal with risks better. （九） （2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Where does the water in our homes come from? How do people change sea water into fresh water? How does water come into our homes? This passage will answer these questions. In most places, people get their water from lakes and rivers. The water is usually seen all year round. In some places, people get their water from under the ground. They use wells to get the water. In some other places, windmills (风车) are used to get water from under the ground. In some country areas away from the city water supply, people collect rainwater that falls on their roofs (房顶). Pipes from the roofs lead the water into tanks (罐子). The water from rainwater tanks is usually clean enough to drink. In some countries that are in need of water, fresh water is made from sea water in special treatment factories. This is called desalination (脱盐). In most treatment factories, salt water is heated until it turns into steam (蒸汽) and the salt is left behind. When the steam is cooled, it becomes fresh water. Only a little salt is left in the fresh water. This makes the water taste better and also stops the pure water taking salts and minerals (矿物质) out of our bodies. Have you seen tanks or towers on the tops of buildings? These tanks or towers are used for storing clean water. Before the water is put into these tanks or towers, it goes to a water treatment factory. Some water from rivers or lakes is not clean. If we drink it directly, we may be ill. In the water treatment factory, workers make the water clean and safe for people to drink. Then pipes bring the water to our homes. Water is very important for all living things, but sometimes there is not enough water. We should use water wisely. 33．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By comparing ideas. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By explaining reasons. 34．Where do people in most places get water from? A．Lakes and rivers. B．Lakes and underground water. C．Rivers and rainwater. D．Rainwater and underground water. 35．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A．Rainwater. B．Salt water. C．Fresh water. D．Pure water. 36．What are tanks or towers used for according to the passage? A．Storing salt. B．Storing pipes. C．Storing minerals. D．Storing clean water. （十） （2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Among all types of paper, Xuan paper has earned a special place in Chinese culture. The history of Xuan paper dates back to the Tang Dynasty. At that time, paper was produced in Xuancheng, Jingxian, Ningguo and Taiping. They were counties (县) under the jurisdiction (管辖范围) of Xuanzhou. Among them, the paper made in Jingxian was the best for its excellent qualities. Since most paper distribution (分发) centers were in Xuancheng, the paper was then known as Xuan paper. Xuan paper is made from the bark (树皮) of the blue sandalwood (檀香木) tree and rice straw. The process (过程) of making it includes many procedures like washing, boiling, and drying. Each step needs a lot of time and care. The final product is soft, thin but strong. It doesn’t tear (扯破) easily and can take in a lot of ink. Because of these qualities, Xuan paper has been loved by painters and calligraphers. It helps them fully express their creative ideas and feelings. Xuan paper is not only a material for art but also a cultural symbol. It represents the rich heritage (遗产) of the arts in Chinese history. Even in today’s modern world, Xuan paper continues to hold an important position in Chinese art and cultural traditions. It serves as a bridge connecting the past with the present, allowing modern artists to look for good ideas from history while creating new works. The special treasures of Xuan paper ensure that the beauty of Chinese calligraphy and painting can remain and can be passed down through generations. 37．Where was the best Xuan paper made according to the passage? A．Jingxian. B．Taiping. C．Ningguo. D．Xuancheng. 38．What does the underlined word “procedures” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Materials. B．Steps. C．Counties. D．Thoughts. 39．Why has Xuan paper been loved by painters and calligraphers? A．Because of the price. B．Because of the size. C．Because of the qualities. D．Because of the colour. 40．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The types of Xuan paper. B．The value of Xuan paper. C．The weight of Xuan paper. D．The ways of making Xuan paper. （十一） （2025·江苏连云港·中考真题） Saturn (土星) is famous for the beautiful rings around it. Now, it’s getting attention for being even more amazing. Scientists have discovered 128 new moons around Saturn, bringing the planet’s total to 274. A moon is any naturally formed object that moves around a planet. Moons come in different shapes and sizes. Scientists discovered the moons with a powerful telescope (望远镜), which is used to study stars and planets in great detail. Scientists took many photos of areas in space and piled them on top of each other to make the moons appear bright enough to discover. Most of Saturn’s new moons are small objects, just one or two miles wide—quite different to Earth’s Moon, which is a 2,159-mile-wide ball. These space rocks are in unusual orbits (轨道) too. They go around Saturn in the opposite direction to its own movement. At between 6.5 million and 18 million miles away from the ringed planet, the newly discovered moons are also further away than Saturn’s biggest moon, Titan. Why does Saturn have so many moons while Earth only has one? According to scientists, several billion years ago, the giant planet’s gravity attracted some rocks and ice. Over time, some of them crashed against each other, breaking into smaller pieces or coming together to create many small moons. The new moons were first discovered in 2023 by a team of scientists led by Edward Ashton, and were recently confirmed by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). Saturn now is the planet with the most moons—Jupiter is not far behind with 95. However, Dr Ashton believes this might be the limit for moon discovery. “I don’t think Jupiter will ever catch up,” he said. “With present technology, I don’t think we can do better than what has already been done,” he added. 41．What do we know about the new discovery? A．Newly found moons look the same. B．Scientists found new moons by accident. C．Saturn’s rings attract many scientists. D．128 new moons were found around Saturn. 42．What does “the ringed planet” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Earth. B．Saturn. C．Moon. D．Titan. 43．What led to the large number of Saturn’s moons? A．The size of the planet. B．The weights of the moons. C．The orbit of the planet. D．The crashes of the moons. 44．What can we learn from Dr Ashton’s words in the last paragraph? A．Jupiter will soon catch up with Saturn. B．Saturn’s new moons might support life. C．The IAU presented a medal to his team. D．He is satisfied with their moon discovery. （十二） （2025·江苏苏州·中考真题） Want to know what your friends are really like? Take a look at their music playlist. More than 36,000 people, from all over the world, took part in an experiment (实验). It compared their personalities with how much they liked different musical styles. The results show that personalities do influence what we listen to. Here’s what certain musical styles say about who you are. Rock Like the sound of loud guitars and heavy drum beats? This type of music sounds very exciting, but fans of it are often quite gentle. Country music If cowboy hats and guitars get you singing along, it’s possible that you’re hard-working, preferring traditional styles and values. Jazz Fans of this strong music always come up with new ideas and are good at learning. If you like the saxophone of John Coltrane, then you’re probably self-confident and easy to get on with. Classical music If Beethoven and Mozart have you turning up the music, you’re probably quiet, but happy with who you are and comfortable with the world around you. But the experiment didn’t tell the whole story: where we grow up, who we often go out with, and our personal experiences play into our taste, too. The songs you choose to be part of your life make you different from others. But no matter what style you like, music is for everyone. And enjoying different types of music lets you get a taste of cultures you might not have experienced before. So experiment with your playlist! 45．What influences our musical taste according to the experiment? A．Personalities. B．Friends. C．Parents. D．Instruments. 46．According to the passage, if Daniel is creative, what may be found in his playlist? A．Rock. B．Country music. C．Jazz. D．Classical music. 47．What may be the writer’s advice for us? A．Changing our personalities. B．Trying different types of music. C．Doing experiments with friends. D．Getting more learning experiences. 48．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How different cultures influence you. B．What your playlist says about you. C．What songs we can choose to enjoy. D．Why there are different musical styles. （十三） （2025·江苏扬州·中考真题） Many marine species (海洋物种) depend on specific routes to migrate (迁徙). The routes offer these seafaring travellers the right conditions, at the right time of year, to guide them through the oceans. We humans try to discover the routes and have drawn our own lines, but they are not clear to us because of unexpected changes in nature. To find out the routes that migratory marine species regularly take, a research team of scientists in Australia and the US have now created an interactive map that shows the paths connecting ocean habitats (栖息地). The new map, named the Migratory Connectivity in the Ocean (MiCO), collects data and makes it easier for scientists to see where migratory marine species may be falling into the paths. The database (数据库) includes information on 109 species, based on around 30 years of data, and shows where they are going to and from—including which species cross into whose national waters. “MiCO connects almost 2, 000 important habitats and shows the importance of cross-boundary teamwork,” says the research team. They find that all of the species recorded in MiCO have less protection at some point in their life history because of different situations in different countries. That means no country is able to fully protect migratory species if there is no help from others. “For example, green turtles nest in Costa Rica and migrate north through Nicaragua and out to islands in the Caribbean,” the team says. “Although largely protected in Costa Rica, it is allowed to fish for turtles in Nicaragua and huge numbers are lost off the coast there every year.” MiCO works to provide useful knowledge on migratory connectivity to help protect marine species. In 2023, a UN report found climate (气候) changes are having bad influence on migratory species. MiCO catches the information from different time periods and the team hopes it may be used to tell those changes in connectivity. MiCO is also expected to collect information on more migratory marine species because there is less than one-third of data collected now. “So far, the migratory information revealed within the MiCO system only touches the surface of the true connectivity of the global oceans,” the team says. 49．How does the writer lead in the topic? A．By offering advice. B．By presenting study results. C．By expressing opinions. D．By giving background information. 50．What is MiCO? A．A map that humans draw to look for marine species. B．A route which guides marine species through the oceans. C．A database that shows the lines marine species migrate along. D．A system which scientists use for researches on temperature changes. 51．Why does the writer take the example of green turtles? A．To prove the harm in fishing for migratory species. B．To show the importance of cross-country teamwork. C．To share the methods of marine species protection. D．To explain the reason for marine species to migrate. 52．Which of the following can be the data MiCO collects? A．Over 10 laws are made on marine species protection. B．There are mainly 3 elephant species living on the earth. C．Leatherback turtles travel about 20,000 km from Indonesia to Oregon. D．Thousands of people visit the whale shark habitat in South Africa every year. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解之说明文 内●容●导●航 第一部分 题型解码 高屋建瓴，掌握全局 题型概述 考向分类 技巧点拨 第二部分 考向突破 微观解剖，精细教学 考向01 细节理解题 考向02 主旨大意及最佳标题题 考向03 推理判断题 考向04 词义猜测与指代关系题 考向05 篇章结构题 第三部分 题型训练 整合应用，模拟实战 题●型●解●码 题型概述 在近年辽宁中考英语阅读理解中，说明文是高频考查题型，占阅读总分约 25%–40%，题量1–2篇，4–8 题。文章以科普知识、生活常识、社会现象、文化介绍等为主，侧重考查细节定位、推理判断、主旨归纳、词义/代词猜测四大能力。文章篇幅 200–400 词，题量 15–20 题，每题 2 分，分值占比高。 考向分类 1. 细节理解题：最基础高频题，考查对具体信息的捕捉，如数据、步骤、特征、条件等。占比约 40%，题干给出信息，学生在文中定位作答。2. 推理判断题：要求依据文本合理推断作者意图、情感态度、文章启示等，考查逻辑思维。约占 30%，从现象推断本质，选项迷惑性强。3. 主旨大意 / 标题归纳题：考查概括中心思想、选择标题、判断段落大意，检验综合归纳能力。比重约 20%，概括内容或选标题，需把握整体脉络。4. 词义/代词猜测题：通过语境、构词法猜测生词含义。占比约 10%。 技巧点拨 核心方法：通读全文→审题定位→复读检查 第一步：通读全文，把握脉络快速读首尾段 + 每段首句，明确：说明对象是什么、有什么特点、分几方面介绍。标记：数字、时间、转折词（but, however, though）、因果词（so, because）、定义词（is called, means）。 第二步：审题定位，精准突破（分题型技巧） （1） 细节理解题：一找二定三核对找关键词：题干中的数字、地名、专有名词、大写字母、特殊短语。定位原文：回文快速扫读，找到对应句子。排除干扰：无中生有、张冠李戴、绝对化（only, all, never）。 （2） 推理判断题：立足原文，合理推断情感态度：抓形容词、副词、评价性表达。因果推断：找 because, so, as a result, therefore, lead to。作者意图：看结尾总结、专家观点、建议句，提炼道理。 （3） 主旨 / 标题题：抓核心，避陷阱标题三原则：概括性、针对性、醒目性。排除只对应某一段的选项。排除范围过大 / 过小的选项。排除无关关键词、偏离主题的选项。 （4）词义 / 代词猜测题：语境为王代词指代：就近原则，往前看 1–2 句，找单 / 复数匹配的名词事件。逻辑线索：and, but, however, instead（并列 / 转折）。定义线索：that is, in other words, such as, is called。因果线索：because, so, lead to。 第三步：复读检查，避免失误 考●向●突●破 考向01 细节理解题 【2025·辽宁·中考】 We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot (赤脚). 1．Which of the following is the writer’s favourite way to get close to nature? A．Dancing in the rain. B．Stepping on fallen leaves. C．Digging in the soil. D．Walking without shoes on. 【答案】1．D 【解析】1. 根据“but my favourite is walking barefoot”可知，作者最喜欢的亲近自然的方式是赤脚行走。故选D。 【2025·辽宁沈阳沈北新区·二模】 Nov 9 is National Fire Safety Day. Here are some tips for you in case a fire breaks out. When you smell smoke or see fire, shout “Fire!” as loudly as you can. Get help from your parents or call 119. Give them your location, and follow their instructions. Do not try to put out the fire yourself. Get out of the room as soon as possible. Don’t try to take anything with you. A fire can become fierce (凶猛的) in a few seconds. If there is a lot of smoke in your room, keep your head and body close to the floor. There is less smoke lower down, so it’s easier to breathe and see where you are going. If the door handle (把手) is really hot, do not open the door. Try to find a different way out. 2．What should you first do if you smell smoke or see fire in your building? A．Call your friends. B．Cry out for help loudly. C．Use the lift to leave the building. D．Try to put out the fire yourself. 3．Which is the right action if there is a lot of smoke in your room? A．B． C． D． 【答案】2．B 3．A 【解析】2.根据“When you smell smoke or see fire, shout “Fire!” as loudly as you can. Get help from your parents or call 119.”可知，当发现烟味或看到火情时，文中建议先大声呼喊“着火了”并寻求帮助或拨打119。故选B。 3．根据“If there is a lot of smoke in your room, keep your head and body close to the floor.”可知如果你的房间里有很多烟，让你的头和身体靠近地板，与选项对照应俯身或爬行。故选A。 考向02 主旨大意及最佳标题题 【2025·辽宁·中考】 （2025·辽宁·中考真题）We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot (赤脚). Walking barefoot can be enjoyable and helpful. ... ... When you want to try walking barefoot, there’s no need to hurry. ... ... Walking barefoot, however, isn’t always safe.... ... Walking barefoot is a great way to feel connected with nature, but it’s important to stay safe and consider your own health condition. 1．What is the text mainly about? A．The introduction to health problems. B．The suggestions on outdoor activities. C．The information about walking barefoot. D．The effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 【答案】1．C 【解析】1．主旨大意题。文章围绕赤脚行走展开，介绍了其益处、适应方法、安全建议等，核心内容是“关于赤脚行走的信息”。故选C。 【2025·辽宁沈阳和平区·二模】 Friendships are wonderful, but sometimes friends argue with each other. Maybe it can be hard to know what to do in such situations, we have some advice for you. 2．The text is about how to ________. A．fix problems with friends B．stop arguing with parents C．make new friends at school D．keep happy in our daily life 【答案】2．A 【解析】2．主旨大意题。根据“Friendships are wonderful, but sometimes friends argue with each other. Maybe it can be hard to know what to do in such situations, we have some advice for you.”可知，文章主要讨论的是如何解决与朋友之间的问题。故选A。 【2025·辽宁沈阳大东区·二模】 “For thousands of years, humans have raced to be the first… Now, in some cases, we’re racing to be the last,” said The New York Times’ Paige McClanahan. This is the spirit at the heart of last-chance tourism, a rising industry. Last-chance tourism is about seeing the last of something. Rising temperatures and water levels mean that we may never get another opportunity to see certain islands, glaciers (冰川), animals, and so on before they disappear. This may sound sad, but some people are using last-chance tourism as an opportunity to spread environmental awareness. ... ... But last-chance tourism may be speeding up the effects of climate change. As more people rush to endangered nature places, they create a bigger and bigger carbon footprint (碳足迹), leading to the destruction (破坏) of the places in the end. Just as many experts have said, “Last-chance tourism is a paradox (悖论).” At the end of the day, we should not just understand the need to stop climate change. 3．What can be the best title for the text? A．Getting an opportunity to islands B．Rushing to see it before it’s gone C．Showing care and love for nature D．Making an effort to make it safe 【答案】3．B 【解析】 3．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“最后机会旅游”展开，强调人们争相观赏即将消失的景观，B项符合。故选B。 考向03 推理判断题 【2025·辽宁沈阳和平区·二模】 Friendships are wonderful, but sometimes friends argue with each other. Maybe it can be hard to know what to do in such situations, we have some advice for you. Make up with your friend To make up with a friend after an argument, it’s important to talk things out with your friend: ●Set a time to talk-When you and your friend are both calm, set a time to talk. ●Be open—Let your friend share his or her feelings and thoughts. ●Apologize—Say you’re sorry if you said or did anything wrong in the argument. ●Fix things together—Discuss how to stop such situations from happening again. Change yourself When a friendship doesn’t go well, you may feel sad or angry. Here are some ways to deal with these feelings: ... ... 1．In which part of a magazine can we find the text? A．Nature. B．Sports. C．Communication. D．History. 【答案】1．C 【解析】1．推理判断题。根据文章内容，主要讨论的是如何与朋友沟通和解决冲突，因此最可能出现在“沟通”部分。故选C。 【2025·辽宁沈阳大东区·二模】 “For thousands of years, humans have raced to be the first… Now, in some cases, we’re racing to be the last,” said The New York Times’ Paige McClanahan. This is the spirit at the heart of last-chance tourism, a rising industry. ... ... At the end of the day, we should not just understand the need to stop climate change. 2．What is the author’s conclusion (结论) that we can get from the text? A．The last-chance tourism is already a rising industry. B．Tourists have learned how to protect the environment. C．It is more important to avoid making climate worse. D．McClanahan reported an article in The New York Times. 【答案】2．C 【解析】 2．推理判断题。根据“At the end of the day, we should not just understand the need to stop climate change.”可推知，作者的结论是避免气候恶化更为重要。故选C。 【2025·辽宁大连·一模】 With their cute “smiles” and photo-ready poses, quokkas (短尾矮袋鼠) are often called the “world’s happiest animals”. But are they really as happy as they seem? ... ... Hundreds of thousands of quokka selfies have been shared on the Internet. Although these animals are doing well online, it’s a different story in the wild. Quokkas are listed as vulnerable (易受伤害的) by the Western Australian Threatened Species Scientific Committee (委员会). Today, there are thought to be around 10, 000 quokkas living on Rottnest Island, with a few smaller populations living on mainland Western Australia. Reports show that quokka populations have been going down because of predators (捕食者) and the reduction of their living places. For those visiting Rottnest Island, there are rules in place to help protect the quokka population. Visitors can’t feed or touch the quokkas, or they may pay fines of up to about $7,000. 3．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell us an animal in danger. B．To introduce a world’s happiest animal. C．To remind readers to protect quokkas. D．To help people know more about quokkas. 【答案】3．C 【解析】3．推理判断题。文章介绍了短尾矮袋鼠看似快乐、受欢迎，但实际数量在减少，还提到了罗特尼斯岛为保护它们制定规则，由此可推断作者写作目的是提醒读者保护短尾矮袋鼠。C选项“提醒读者保护短尾矮袋鼠”符合。故选C。 考向04 词义猜测与指代关系题 【2025·辽宁·中考】 When you want to try walking barefoot, there’s no need to hurry. At first, walking barefoot for 10 minutes can be fine. After that, add 5 minutes every day until you can walk for 20 to 30 minutes. If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time. 1．What does the underlined word “curtail” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Tell. B．Make. C．Value. D．Reduce. 【答案】1．D 【解析】 1．词句猜测题。根据“If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time.”可知，若脚疼需休息或“减少”时间，结合选项，“curtail”意为“减少”，与选项D“Reduce”意义相近。故选D。 【2025·辽宁丹东市·二模】 To help people think more creatively, Dr. Edward de Bono designed the “Six Thinking Hats” system (系统). The system helps people think about a problem in different ways in order to find a solution. In the system, there are six imaginary hats of different colors. Each hat symbolizes a different way of thinking. For example, the white hat helps people consider the facts. The black hat is the most logical (有逻辑的) and helps people consider why a possible solution may not work. So, next time you have a problem in your community, think about it creatively, from different perspectives, and see what ideas you have. 2．What does the underlined word “perspectives” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Sides. B．Places. C．People. D．Rules. 【答案】 2．A 【解析】 2．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“So, next time you have a problem in your community, think about it creatively, from different perspectives, and see what ideas you have.”可知，当你在你的社区遇到问题时，从不同的角度创造性地思考它，因此“perspectives”意为“sides方面”；故选A。 【2025·辽宁锦州市·二模】 Today, it’s popular for Chinese children to raise white silkworms in a paper box, covered with green fresh mulberry leaves. For them, raising silkworms is not a way to make a living, but to see the magic of nature. It’s exciting to carefully watch the silkworms grow bigger and bigger, and finally become white cocoons. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Some farmers. B．Some Chinese children. C．White silkworms. D．Mulberry leaves. 【答案】 3．B 【解析】 3．词义猜测题。根据前文“it’s popular for Chinese children to raise white silkworms”可知，“them”指代的是“一些中国儿童”。故选B。 考向05 篇章结构题 【2025·辽宁沈阳市·一模】 ①In the Yellow River Basin (流域), scientists studied how human activities influence nature. They looked at the area from 2001 to 2020 and found some interesting results. Though human activities increased in 66.3% of the area, the quality of nature actually got improved by 22.61%. That is to say with the right actions, we can better nature even when there are more people and more human activities. ②One interesting finding was that some farmland was turned back into natural land. ..... ③Another interesting finding was that 45.88% of the area had both more human activities and better nature at the same time. ...... ④The study showed that the wild nature in 33.7% of the Yellow River Basin also improved a lot. ...... ⑤In a word, only by carrying out eco-friendly activities and making good use of environment can humans and nature live in harmony (和谐). 1．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1; ②= Paragraph 2……) A． B． C． D． 【答案】 1．B 【解析】 1. 篇章结构题。文章第一段介绍了总体的发现，第二至第四分别介绍了研究的不同发现，最后一段总结了人类与自然和谐共处的观点。因此，选项B符合这一结构。故选B。 【2025·辽宁本溪市·二模】 ①Have you ever seen a cat or dog cry? Probably not a real one! That’s because animals can’t really cry. They can make tears, but only humans can cry because of emotion (情感), reported The New York Times. Now let’s learn about our tears and crying. ②Tears come in three types, according to Discover Magazine. Most of the time, our eyes make basal tears (基础性眼泪) to keep them from getting dry. ...... ③Young kids cry a lot, but it’s often just because something happens to them, like falling over or dropping their ice cream. But as we grow up, we cry more because of our feelings for others...... ④In human society, crying is a call for help. It quickly lets others see that something is not right, and brings people closer. Crying also helps us calm down and think about difficult things, said Medical News Today. 2．How is the passage organized? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 【答案】 2．A 【解析】 2．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段通过提出问题来引出关于眼泪和哭泣的话题，第二段介绍了眼泪的三种类型，第三段讲述了不同年龄段人们哭泣的原因，第四段阐述了哭泣对人类的帮助。为总分结构。故选A。 题●型●训●练 基础过关 （一） （2024·辽宁·中考真题） We’re plants. Give us your care and we will bring joy to you. Please take us home, will you? PLANTS Get to know us Flowers We bring bright colors! Houseplants We are green and light up rooms! Succulents (多肉植物) We don’t need much care! Vegetables How about home-grown food? Give us a home We can live in a pot. It can be put near a window, by a sofa or under a tree. Placing us on a wall will bring you much fun. We love it, too. Care for us Spring We may need fertilizers (化肥). Summer We hate harmful insects. Autumn We need less water. Winter Give us a larger home if necessary. 1．According to the text, ________ don’t need much care. A．flowers B．houseplants C．succulents D．vegetables 2．It’s fun to put a pot of plants ________. A．on a wall B．by a sofa C．near a window D．under a tree 3．Plants need to be protected from harmful insects, especially in ________. A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 4．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Art. B．Life. C．Sports. D．History. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些植物。 1．细节理解题。根据“Succulents (多肉植物) We don’t need much care!”可知，多肉植物不太需要照顾，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Placing us on a wall will bring you much fun.”可知，把植物挂在墙上会给你带来很多乐趣。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Summer We hate harmful insects.”可知，尤其是在夏天需要保护植物不受有害昆虫的侵害，故选B。 4．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些植物，所以可能在杂志的生活版块看到这篇文章，故选B。 （二） （2025·辽宁大连市·二模） Can Seawater Stop Wildfires? Wildfires swept across Los Angeles for weeks several months ago. Firefighters worked around the clock but faced many problems, including a lack of freshwater. About a week after the fires broke out, planes began to drop seawater on them. Many wondered why seawater wasn’t used in the first place since LA is a coastal city. The simple answer is that seawater won’t be used unless everything else has failed. Here is why. △ There are two main ways to send seawater to a fire, but both are hard. One way is to pump seawater into water tanks (将海水泵入水箱) and move it into fire trucks. This takes a lot of time and work. The other way is to use helicopters and planes. They must fly close to the ocean to fill their water tanks. This can be dangerous if the waves are rough. Damage to equipment (损坏设备) Most firefighting equipment is made from metals (金属), like iron. Seawater can react with these metals and make the equipment rust (生锈的) more quickly. This can cause the equipment to break and even put the firefighters in danger. Harm to the environment Seawater can change the soil and harm the ecosystem. Plants get water through their roots (根). Normally, the salt level in the soil is lower than that in plant root cells. This allows water to move from the soil into the roots. However, seawater can add a lot of salt to the soil. When the soil has a higher level of salt than plant root cells, water runs out of the cells instead of into them. Plants will dry out and die as a result. This change in the soil can last for many years. 5．When was seawater used to stop the wildfires in LA? A．As soon as the fires broke out. B．About a week after the fires broke out. C．One month before the fires were put out. D．About a week before the fires were put out. 6．Which of the following can be put in △ ? A．Efforts in cleaning seawater B．Difficulty in moving seawater C．High cost of sending seawater D．Danger of seawater to firefighters 7．What can seawater do to plants? A．Make them get more water. B．Make them grow well. C．Make them dry out and die. D．Make them change colors. 8．What can we learn from the passage? A．Using seawater is a good way to fight fires. B．Firefighters must say no to seawater. C．It is cheaper to use freshwater than seawater. D．There’re some risks when using seawater to fight fires. 【答案】5．B 6．B 7．C 8．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了用海水扑灭野火的困难及其对设备和环境的危害。 5．细节理解题。根据“About a week after the fires broke out, planes began to drop seawater on them.”可知，大火爆发大约一周后，飞机开始向火势区域投放海水。故选B。 6．推理判断题。根据段落内容“There are two main ways to send seawater to a fire, but both are hard.”以及后文对两种方式的描述可知，此处应填入与“运送海水的困难”相关的内容。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“Plants will dry out and die as a result.”可知，海水会导致植物干枯死亡。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据“Seawater can react with these metals and make the equipment rust more quickly.”和“Seawater can change the soil and harm the ecosystem.”以及通读全文可知，使用海水灭火存在一定风险。故选D。 （三） （2025·辽宁大连市·二模） Painted with cool cultural dots Every day at work, I drink water from a teapot with dots (小圆点) all over it. But these aren’t just random (随意的) dots. They are part of the aboriginal Australian dot-painting tradition. The paintings use hundreds of little dots. They come together to make shapes, like animal footprints, the sun or humans. Australia’s aboriginal people don’t have a written language. They paint dots to tell stories about their culture, environment and ancestors (祖先). But they don’t want outsiders to know their special knowledge about the land. So, they “hide” their stories in dots. It’s like a secret code (代码) that only they can completely understand. For example, the aboriginal people paint lots of water holes with dots. These dot-marked water holes help show where to find water in the hot, dry land. And they paint certain patterns (模式) of dots to mark the migration routes of animals. These marked patterns are used to remember the best times and places to hunt. The colors in the paintings are also very important. For example, red often represents the earth and blood while yellow can be used to stand for the sun. Dot painting has a very long history in Australian aboriginal groups. For many, many years, older people have passed down the art to younger people. This way, they can keep their culture alive. Now, more and more people around the world know about dot painting. In Australia and other countries, you can see these paintings in art galleries. People from different places can look at these beautiful paintings and learn about the culture of Australian aboriginal people. I’m not aboriginal, but these paintings hold a special place in my heart. They remind me of home, where I first discovered how art connects us to history and tradition. 9．Why do the aboriginal people use dots in their paintings? A．To sell their paintings for money. B．To share their secrets with outsiders. C．To keep their special knowledge secretly. D．To make art works look more beautiful. 10．What does the color yellow often stand for in dot painting? A．The sun. B．The earth. C．Water holes. D．Animal footprints. 11．Where can people see dot paintings now? A．Only in Australia. B．In art galleries around the world. C．In the school libraries. D．Only in the aboriginal communities. 12．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To encourage more people to buy dot paintings. B．To introduce dot painting in different places. C．To compare dot painting with modern painting. D．To tell the history and cultural importance of dot painting. 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了澳大利亚原住民的点画传统及其文化意义。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But they don’t want outsiders to know their special knowledge about the land. So, they ‘hide’ their stories in dots.”可知，原住民使用点画是为了隐藏关于土地的独特知识，不让外人知晓。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“yellow can be used to stand for the sun”可知，黄色在点画中通常代表太阳。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Now, more and more people around the world know about dot painting. In Australia and other countries, you can see these paintings in art galleries.”可知，点画现在可以在世界各地的艺术画廊中看到。故选B。 12．主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了点画的历史、文化意义及其传播（如通过艺术画廊），目的是让读者了解其文化重要性。根据文章内容可知，D选项最能概括全文主旨。故选D。 （四） （2025·辽宁大连西岗区·一模） Are you having difficulty learning a second language? Now, scientists suggest you exercise while learning. In recent years, many studies have shown that we learn differently if we also exercise. A new study in China has now provided more evidence. It reports that doing exercise during a language class can help people learn more efficiently (有效的). Forty Chinese students who were learning English took part in the study. The scientists divided them into two groups. Those in Group 1 would continue to learn English in traditional classes. The others (Group 2) were asked to exercise while learning. They would ride exercise bicycles for 20 minutes before their English classes. Both groups learned new words by watching them on large screens. Each class taught 40 new words. Then the students rested a bit and took a quiz (测试). The students took eight “special classes” in two months. Those who had ridden exercise bicycles always did better on the quizzes than those who had sat still. Most interestingly, the cyclists (骑行者) seemed to have a longer memory for the new words. The scientists gave the students a final test after the classes. The cyclists remembered more words than the students who had not exercised. Simone Sulpizio is one of the scientists. “The results showed that physical activity during language learning improved that learning,” she said. “We are not suggesting teachers buy lots of exercise bicycles,” Sulpizio continued. “But it’s clear that sitting for hours without moving is not the best way to learn. To study efficiently, we should exercise while learning.” 13．How many students took part in the study? A．20. B．40. C．60 D．80. 14．The underlined word “evidence” probably means ________. A．运动 B．测试 C．记忆 D．证据 15．The scientists took a quiz after the students exercised to find out ________. A．which group was cleverer B．which group was healthier C．if exercising helped with learning D．if the students had difficulty with English study 16．The best title should be ________. A．English is an important tool B．Exercise improves learning C．The difficulty of English study D．Riding a bike is good for health 【答案】13．B 14．D 15．C 16．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了运动有助于语言学习。 13．细节理解题。根据文中“Forty Chinese students who were learning English took part in the study.”可知，有40名学生参与了这项研究。故选B。 14．词句猜测题。根据文中“It reports that doing exercise during a language class can help people learn more efficiently (有效的).”可知，前文提到很多研究表明学习时进行运动，学习效果不同，新研究进一步提供了支持这一观点的东西，结合后文研究结果可知是提供了“证据”，“evidence”意思是“证据”。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据文中“Those who had ridden exercise bicycles always did better on the quizzes than those who had sat still... The results showed that physical activity during language learning improved that learning”可知，科学家在学生锻炼后进行测试，是为了弄清楚运动是否有助于学习。故选C。 16．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕学习时进行运动展开，通过研究表明运动能提高学习效率，最佳标题要能够概括文章主旨。故选B。 （五） （2025·辽宁大连中山区·一模） Do you have a good memory? Can you remember English words you learnt last week? Or have you forgotten the deadline of your project? Many of us often say “My brain (大脑) doesn’t work well”. Maybe you can try a new way of training your brain—Learn with your team members. “Teamwork makes our brains work better.” The memory expert Jonathan Hancock said, “Being part of a team has many advantages for remembering things.” In his memory research, he finds that the participants (参与者) in a team always behave better than people who work independently. That’s because they have less personal pressure, more time to think over each question. But there’s even more going on according to Canadian researchers. They have shown that our brains get a natural improvement when they’ve got company (陪伴). Their study suggests two reasons. First, when we’re with people who are trying to remember something, we can easily feel that tip-of-the-tongue feeling, so we also want to join in to challenge ourselves. Second, after knowing others can remember things well, we can be encouraged to make it too. To make better use of the power of team learning, you can use the contagion (传染效应) to awaken (唤起) and improve memories. For example, go over new words together with your partners. Believe it or not, you’ll be amazed at your magic memory, Also, you can share the duty together. If you have many tasks to remember, ask your partner to remember the date of school play while you’re in charge of remembering project deadline. In this way, both of you will remember things more easily and deeply. 17．What does Jonathan Hancock find in his memory research? A．People in a team have more personal pressure. B．People working independently have better memories. C．Personal pressure helps people remember things better. D．Team members always behave better than those working alone. 18．According to Canadian researchers, why does our brain get a natural improvement when we have company? A．Because others will help us remember things instead. B．Because we feel less tip-of-the-tongue feeling with others. C．Because we can be easily encouraged by others’ good memory. D．Because we don’t want to challenge ourselves when others are around. 19．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Ideas of learning English new words. B．Ways of sharing memory duty with partners. C．Advice on improving memories by teamwork. D．Research about remembering the deadline of project. 20．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce the results of some memory research. B．To encourage people to use their brains more often. C．To invite readers to take part in their research to train brains. D．To ask readers to make use of teamwork to improve memories. 【答案】17．D 18．C 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了通过团队合作提升记忆力的科学依据和实践方法。 17．细节理解题。根据“In his memory research, he finds that the participants (参与者) in a team always behave better than people who work independently.”可知，团队成员的记忆表现更佳。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据“Second, after knowing others can remember things well, we can be encouraged to make it too.”可知，他人的良好记忆会激励我们。故选C。 19．主旨大意题。根据“To make better use of the power of team learning, you can use the contagion (传染效应) to awaken (唤起) and improve memories.”以及“In this way, both of you will remember things more easily and deeply.”并通读本段可知，本段举例说明如何通过合作分工提升记忆，所以本段主要讲述的是团队合作改善记忆的建议。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。根据“Maybe you can try a new way of training your brain—Learn with your team members.”并通读全文可知，全文通过研究和实例强调团队学习对记忆的帮助，所以作者应是号召读者利用团队合作改善记忆。故选D。 （六） （2025·辽宁鞍山市·二模） The animated film Ne Zha 2 was released on January 29, 2025. It continues the story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing after the “Heavenly Tribulation”. After surviving the “Heavenly Tribulation”, Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Taiyi Zhenren saved them with a magical seven-colored lotus (莲花). But their souls began to disappear again. Taiyi Zhenren then decided to rebuild their bodies using some materials from Kunlun Mountain. The film shows great character development. Ne Zha, who was once rebellious (叛逆的), becomes more responsible. He starts to think about the safety of others and tries his best to protect them. Ao Bing, who was always confused about his identity, finally accepts who he is and becomes a confident warrior (勇士). Visually, the movie is a masterpiece (杰作). The scenes of flowing lava, the big sea, and the magical Kunlun Mountain are all beautifully presented. The fight scenes are full of energy and creativity, with the characters using all kinds of amazing weapons (武器). Ne Zha 2 not only provides great entertainment but also shows important messages. It tells us that we should be brave in the face of difficulties, never give up on our dreams, and always like our friends. 21．What happened to Ne Zha and Ao Bing after the “Heavenly Tribulation”? A．They became stronger. B．They lost their physical bodies. C．They got new powers. D．They defeated the dragon. 22．Why did Taiyi Zhenren decide to rebuild Ne Zha’s and Ao Bing’s bodies? A．Because he wanted them to be more responsible. B．Because he got some materials from Kunlun Mountain. C．Because their souls were about to go away. D．Because he had a magical seven-colored lotus. 23．What can we learn about Ne Zha from the film? A．He was always responsible. B．He became more rebellious. C．He learned to care about others. D．He didn’t change at all. 24．The movie mainly wants to tell us_______. ①to follow our dreams                     ②to treasure our friends ③not to be afraid of difficulties             ④to respect our parents A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．C 24．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了动画电影《哪吒2》的剧情发展与视觉艺术成就，强调其传递的积极价值观：直面困境的勇气、友情的珍贵，体现传统文化与现代精神的融合。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“After surviving the ‘Heavenly Tribulation’, Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies.”可知，他们失去了肉身。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段“their souls began to disappear again. Taiyi Zhenren then decided to rebuild their bodies...”可知，因灵魂即将消散需重塑身体。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据第三段“Ne Zha, who was once rebellious (叛逆的), becomes more responsible. He starts to think about the safety of others and tries his best to protect them.”可知，哪吒学会关心他人。故选C。 24．主旨大意题。根据末段“be brave in the face of difficulties, never give up on our dreams, and always like our friends”可知，这部电影告诉我们，在面对困难时要勇敢，不要放弃自己的梦想，并且要善待我们的朋友。故选A。 （七） （2025·辽宁抚顺市·一模） On January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek introduced a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart program can do many things, such as solving math problems and answering questions. Many people think DeepSeek-R1 is special because it is not only powerful but also low-cost, which means anyone can use and improve it! DeepSeek-R1 has many advantages. It uses a smart design called the “Mixture-of-Experts” architecture (混合专家架构). This makes DeepSeek-R1 able to do many tasks quickly. It also uses less computing power (计算能力) than some other big AI models, like GPT-40. This means it can run on less powerful computers. Besides, DeepSeek-R1 is really good at understanding both Chinese and English. Whether for Chinese-speaking users or English-speaking users, it can help them write texts in different kinds of styles according to their requirements. How helpful it is! What’s more, DeepSeek-Rl can be very useful for students. It can provide good ideas for their homework, suggest fun ways to study, and help students understand difficult problems. DeepSeek-Rl can also make learning about computers and technology more fun. Students can ask it questions and see how it answers, which might encourage them to explore technology further. DeepSeek-RI shows that innovation. (革新) requires creativity. It marks the rise of China’s technology on the global stage. However, this progress also brings new challenges. The rapid development of such powerful technology means the AI must keep getting better to stay competitive. 25．Many people think Deepseek is special because it is ________. A．more difficult B．new and smart C．less creative D．powerful and low-cost 26．What is the advantage of DeepSeek-R1’s “Mixture-of-Experts” architecture? A．Understanding both Chinese and English. B．Allowing the program to do many tasks quickly. C．Allowing the program to write all kinds of texts. D．Improving the program’s ability to play video games. 27．DeepSeek-R1 can offer students ________ to help with their study according to Paragraph 4. A．nice ideas and fun ways B．more difficult problems C．questions and answers D．computers and technology 28．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to use DeepSeek-R1. B．The development of AI in China. C．The advantages and uses of DeepSeek-R1. D．Differences between DeepSeek-Rl and other AI models. 【答案】25．D 26．B 27．A 28．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科技公司DeepSeek推出的AI模型 DeepSeek-R1的特点、优势及其应用场景。 25．细节理解题。根据第一段“Many people think DeepSeek-R1 is special because it is not only powerful but also low-cost, which means anyone can use and improve it!”可知，很多人认为DeepSeek-R1特别，是因为它不仅功能强大而且成本低。故选D。 26．细节理解题。根据第二段“It uses a smart design called the ‘Mixture-of-Experts’ architecture. This makes DeepSeek-R1 able to do many tasks quickly.”可知，DeepSeek-R1的“混合专家架构”的优点是使该程序能够快速完成许多任务。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据第四段“What’s more, DeepSeek-Rl can be very useful for students. It can provide good ideas for their homework, suggest fun ways to study, and help students understand difficult problems.”可知，DeepSeek-R1可以为学生提供作业的好思路和有趣的学习方法来帮助他们学习。故选A。 28．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，第一段介绍了DeepSeek-R1的基本情况，第二段到第四段分别阐述了它的优势和对学生的帮助等用途；最后一段提到它的意义和面临的挑战；选项C“DeepSeek-R1 的优势和用途”符合文章的主旨。故选C。 （八） （2025·辽宁本溪市·一模） People often set many alarms to wake themselves up in time. However, this can be unhealthy as it reduces the quality of sleep, said Brandon Peters, a doctor from Virginia Mason Franciscan Health in Seattle, US. A good sleep has four stages. During the first stage, we enter a light sleep. Our body relaxes, and our heart beats more slowly. As we fall deeper into sleep, stage two starts. Our eyes stop moving, and our body temperature becomes lower. Then comes the third stage. It is the deepest sleep and also the hardest to wake up from. Last is the fourth stage. Scientists call it rapid eye movement sleep, or REM sleep. Our eyes move quickly from side to side, both our breathing and our heartbeat pick up. REM sleep is important because most of our dreams take place during it. This helps us deal with our emotions (情绪) and remember the new things that we learn during the day. REM sleep mostly take place in the last hours of a night’s sleep. So, disrupting (扰乱) it with alarms ringing one after another is a bad idea. People should set one alarm only. They can also try alarms that use light, not sound, Alicia Roth at the US Cleveland Clinic told CNN. 29．It’s the hardest for us to wake up during the ________ stage of sleep. A．first B．second C．third D．last 30．The writer mentioned our ________ when explaining “a light sleep”. A．heartbeat B．breathing C．eyes D．temperature 31．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s a bad idea to try alarms that use light. B．Our body relaxes when we enter REM sleep. C．Sometimes we deal with our emotions in our dreams. D．Most of our dreams take place in the last hour of a night’s sleep. 32．The best title (题目) for the passage is “________”. A．How to have sweet dreams? B．Early to bed, early to rise C．Do we really need alarms? D．Sleep right, wake right 【答案】29．C 30．A 31．C 32．D 【导语】本文介绍了睡眠的四个阶段，特别是快速眼动睡眠 (REM睡眠) 的重要性，并指出设置多个闹钟会干扰睡眠质量，建议使用光闹钟代替声音闹钟。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段“Then comes the third stage. It is the deepest sleep and also the hardest to wake up from.”可知，处于睡眠第三阶段，是最难醒来的阶段。故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据第二段“During the first stage, we enter a light sleep. Our body relaxes, and our heart beats more slowly.”可知，当提到“浅睡眠”时，作者提到我们的心跳。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据第四段“REM sleep is important because most of our dreams take place during it. This helps us deal with our emotions (情绪) and remember the new things that we learn during the day.”可知，我们大部分的梦都出现在快速眼动睡眠过程中，这有助于我们处理自己的情绪。即有时我们在梦中处理自己的情绪。故选C。 32．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了睡眠的四个阶段，特别是快速眼动睡眠 (REM睡眠) 的重要性，并指出设置多个闹钟会干扰睡眠质量，建议使用光闹钟代替声音闹钟。故最佳标题为：睡个好觉，醒来迎接美好的一天。故选D。 （九） （2025·辽宁锦州市·二模） The 24 solar terms in China mark the changing seasons and agricultural cycles (农业周期). Among the 24 solar terms,Xiaoman, the eighth solar term, falls between May 20th and May 22nd each year. The name Xiaoman means “a little full” in Chinese, showing the fact that the food crops (庄稼) in the field are becoming full, but they are not yet ripe (成熟的). It’s a time when farmers can watch their fields turn golden under the warm sun. They hope to have a good harvest (收成) soon. DuringXiaoman, it gradually changes from spring to summer. The days become longer and hotter, and the rainfall increases, providing the necessary water for food growth. This period is important for farmers, as it can influence the quality of their harvest. A special custom connected with Xiaoman is silkworm raising (养蚕). It is an important way to make a living for people who live in the south of the Yangtze River, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Silkworms need to be taken good care of at this time of the year with fresh mulberry (桑树) leaves. It’s also regarded as the best time to cook cocoons (茧) and produce silk. Famous Chinese poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu from the Tang Dynasty all wrote poems that described the silkworm raising activities at this time. Today, it’s popular for Chinese children to raise white silkworms in a paper box, covered with green fresh mulberry leaves. For them, raising silkworms is not a way to make a living, but to see the magic of nature. It’s exciting to carefully watch the silkworms grow bigger and bigger, and finally become white cocoons. 33．What does the name Xiaoman mean about crops during this time? A．Crops are fully ripe and harvested. B．Crops need more and more water. C．Crops stop growing and dry up. D．Crops are growing but not yet ripe. 34．Why is rainfall duringXiaomanimportant for farmers? A．It helps cool down the hot weather in summer. B．It provides the necessary water for crop growth. C．It marks the beginning of the planting season. D．It tells the farmers the start of silkworm raising. 35．We can know from Paragraph Four that ________. A．there were a lot of famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. B．silkworm raising was popular during Xiaoshuin history. C．the silkworms need to be looked after well at this time. D．the poets were good at writing different kinds of poems. 36．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Some farmers. B．Some Chinese children. C．White silkworms. D．Mulberry leaves. 【答案】33．D 34．B 35．C 36．B 【导语】本文讲述了中国的二十四节气之一——小满的含义、农事意义及相关习俗。 33．细节理解题。根据“The name Xiaoman means ‘a little full’ in Chinese, showing the fact that the food crops (庄稼) in the field are becoming full, but they are not yet ripe (成熟的)”可知，小满时节庄稼正在生长但尚未成熟。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据“the rainfall increases, providing the necessary water for food growth”可知，小满时节的降雨为作物生长提供了必需的水分。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据“Silkworms need to be taken good care of at this time of the year with fresh mulberry (桑树) leaves”可知，蚕在小满的时候需要好好照顾。故选C。 36．词义猜测题。根据前文“it’s popular for Chinese children to raise white silkworms”可知，“them”指代的是“一些中国儿童”。故选B。 （十） （2025·辽宁辽阳市·一模） ________________ Have you ever felt uncomfortable with your stomach when you’ re nervous or excited? This is because there is a close connection between your gut (消化道) and your brain. You have around 200 types of microbes (细菌) in your gut. Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. “So, take care of your gut.” a scientist says. 690 Stop anger with activities A new study aimed at 12,489 people has suggested that the key to reducing anger is not letting it out, but doing calming activities such as yoga. These activities could slow the heart rate (心率). However, scientists also find some ball games and team sports, which are fun or playful, could reduce anger. 569 Show compassion Showing compassion means you understand others’ feelings and treat them with kindness. Scientists have discovered when you show compassion, your brain lets out a feel-good chemical, which helps to reduce stress. It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it, too. 943 37．The best heading for the first piece of news would be ________. A．Focus on your brain B．Microbes in your body C．Look after your gut D．Problems with your stomach 38．It is believed that showing compassion can ________. A．spread to others B．slow your heart rate C．develop your brain D．make people confident 39．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They are liked by 690 people. B．They show some research results. C．They help us make more friends. D．They teach us how to face stress. 40．In which part of the website can we read the news? A．PEOPLE B．HEALTH C．FOOD D．SPORTS 【答案】37．C 38．A 39．B 40．B 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章为三则关于健康的新闻。 37．最佳标题题。根据“Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. “So, take care of your gut.”a scientist says.”可知，本则新闻主要介绍人体消化道中健康的微生物可以帮助你的身体对抗疾病，因此要照顾好消化道。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据“It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it, too.”可知，当其他人看到你表现出同情时，他们也想这样做，即同情心可以传播给他人。故选A。 39．细节理解题。根据“...a scientist says.”、“A new study aimed at 12,489 people has suggested that...”及“Scientists have discovered...”可知，这三则新闻的共同之处是都展示了一些科学研究成果。故选B 40．推理判断题。通读全文可知，三则新闻介绍了不同情绪对身体的影响，与人体健康相关，可在健康网站上阅读到相关内容。故选B。 能力进阶 （一） （2025·辽宁辽阳市·一模） Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But do you know how butterflies become the flying insects? It’s one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf of a plant. It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly. Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage. After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again.This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things. 1．What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Butterflies are a kind of insect. B．Butterflies are good at flying. C．Butterflies have colorful wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell. 2．What is the right order of the development process (发育过程) of a butterfly? ① It becomes a pupa.                ② It becomes a walking insect. ③ Female butterflies lay an egg.    ④ It spreads wings and flies away. A．①→②→③→④ B．①→②→④→③ C．③→②→①→④ D．③→②→④→① 3．Which of the following best describes a butterfly after the blanket breaks? A．It has legs, eyes and a large body. B．It has four legs, eyes and a mouth. C．It has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings D．It has legs, eyes, a mouth and a large body. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．One Insect, Four Lives B．The Kinds of Butterflies C．One Insect, Different Colors D．The Habits of Butterflies 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述蝴蝶生命中的几个阶段。 1．细节理解题。根据“Take a close look at the world of insects, you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills.”可知，第一段提到蝴蝶有美丽多彩的翅膀，以及强大而神奇的飞行技能，选项D“蝴蝶的嗅觉很灵敏”在第一段没有提及。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf of a plant.”；“It becomes a walking insect.”；“It covers itself in the nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the ‘pupa (蛹)’ stage.”以及“After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears.”可知，蝴蝶的发育顺序为：③雌蝶产卵 → ②卵变成毛毛虫 → ①形成蛹 → ④破蛹成蝶。正确顺序为 ③→②→①→④，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.”可知，蛹破裂后，蝴蝶有“六条腿、嘴、眼睛和翅膀”。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要讲了蝴蝶生命中的四个阶段。选项A“One Insect, Four Lives”最适合作为文章标题。故选A （二） （2025·江苏扬州·中考真题） Have you ever wondered what else you can do on the train besides sleeping or scrolling through your phone? Actually, in China, trains have turned into centres which bring together the public and the nation’s intangible cultural Heritage (ICH，非物质文化遗产). Trains go across China and they are becoming ideal places for introducing local traditional culture. A good example is the K7041 train from Harbin to Mohe in Northeast China’s Heilongjiang Province. On the ICH train, Gulayier, dressed in traditional clothes, sang Oroqen folk songs and his partner played the Oroqen jaw harp, a musical instrument. Tourists on the train, especially those from southern China, sang and danced excitedly with the two performers (表演者) together. Gulayier said the train made it easier to hold tourists’ attention to his shows. He thought the train was a good platform for promoting (促进) ICH. Traditional heritage comes to life on trains. More ICH such as Qinhuai lanterns from Nanjing, Yulin puppet shows, and tea-picking operas in Guangxi has also made appearances on high-speed trains across China. It offers passengers a close-up way to experience traditional culture. Professor Xiao Fang from Beijing Normal University shares Gulayier’s opinion on the new use of ICH trains. He has pointed out another advantage of this. Beyond cultural promotion, it offers help for tourism. When passengers enjoy local traditions on board, they often develop a deeper interest in exploring the places they pass through. However, the ICH train journeys still have challenges, including the narrow space on trains and passengers getting on and off at each station. Therefore, some solutions are coming up cultural corners show traditional arts, and QR codes connect to more digital information. These help passengers to explore ICH at their own pace and continue learning after their journey ends. The success of ICH trains offers valuable lessons for cultural protection worldwide, proving that innovation (革新) and tradition can work together to keep cultural heritage alive for future generations. 5．What is the fresh experience for passengers on the K7041 train? A．Travelling farther north. B．Joining in live shows. C．Wearing traditional clothes. D．Having fun on the phone. 6．What do Gulayier and Professor Xiao both agree? A．ICH encourages more local visits. B．Trains help make ICH more popular. C．ICH improves the Chinese train journeys. D．Passengers welcome performers on ICH trains. 7．What does paragraph 5 mention about the ICH train journeys? A．Their features and influence. B．Their reasons and results. C．Their problems and methods. D．Their future and improvement. 8．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Trains push China’s cultural heritage further. B．China puts arms around local artists on ICH trains. C．More ICH trains begin running on railways in China. D．Train passengers share different local cultures of China. 【答案】5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国火车成为推广非物质文化遗产（ICH）的平台，通过现场表演、文化展示等方式让乘客近距离体验传统文化，并促进旅游业发展，同时面临空间限制等挑战。 5．细节理解题。根据“Tourists on the train, especially those from southern China, sang and danced excitedly with the two performers (表演者) together.”可知，乘客在K7041火车上的新鲜体验是参与现场表演（如与表演者共舞）。故选B。 6．推理判断题。根据“He thought the train was a good platform for promoting (促进) ICH”和“Beyond cultural promotion, it offers help for tourism”可推测出，两人均认为火车有助于推广ICH。故选B。 7．主旨大意题。根据“However, the ICH train journeys still have challenges”和“Therefore, some solutions are coming up...”可知，本段先提出挑战（如狭窄空间），再提出解决方法（如文化角和二维码）。故选C。 8．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕火车推动ICH传播的主题展开介绍，选项A“列车推动中国非遗发展”适合作为最佳标题。故选A。 （三） （2025·山东东营·中考真题） What is a grassland? A grassland is a biome (生物群落区) that is covered with grasses. Grass is everything to a grassland. Grass is food for animals. Grass can keep the grassland warm and wet. Grass stops the wind from blowing away the soil (土壤). There are two kinds of grasslands. Temperate grasslands are one kind. Temperate means the environment has a mild climate (温和气候) and four seasons. Temperate grasslands have rich soil. Tropical grasslands are the other kind. Tropical means the environment is near the equator and is warm all year round. Tropical grasslands have a rainy season and a dry season. They usually have more trees and poorer soil than temperate grasslands. Both temperate and tropical grasslands have a yearly rainfall of 25 to 75 centimeters. With so little rain, the land can dry out. Fires can start easily. What adaptations (适应性) help grassland plants and animals survive (存活)? Different grasslands have different kinds of grasses. However, nearly all grassland grasses have adaptations to growing well in dry conditions. Grasses have deep roots. The roots can take in water and keep nutrients (营养). When a fire burns, everything above ground is destroyed (破坏). Down below, the roots survive. They hold on to their water and nutrients. After a fire, new stalks can grow from the roots. The old, dead grass becomes part of soil. Gradually, the soil gets richer and richer. Most grasses have adaptations to growing from the roots. This helps them survive and grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. Trees that grow in tropical grasslands also have adaptations that help them survive. For example, the baobab tree grows leaves only during the wet season. It loses its leaves during the dry season. Many kinds of animals live in grasslands. All of them have adaptations that help them survive. Some grassland animals have flat teeth for eating grass. For example, with their flat teeth, zebras bite off (咬下) the tops of grasses that are difficult to cut. 9．What plays the most important role in a grassland? A．The tree. B．The soil. C．The grass. D．The animal. 10．What do the two kinds of grasslands have in common? A．The kind of grasses. B．The kind of climate. C．The number of seasons. D．The low yearly rainfall. 11．What can help grass grow well in dry conditions? A．Big fires. B．Deep roots. C．Rich soil. D．New stalks. 12．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Zebras use flat teeth for biting off grasses. B．After a fire, the grass on the grassland dies forever. C．The leaves of the baobab trees drop during the wet season. D．Most grasses can’t grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. 13．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Life in the grassland. B．Fires in the grassland. C．Plants in the grassland. D．Climate of the grassland. 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了草原的生物族群、草原类型、草原上的动植物及其适应性等。 9．细节理解题。根据“A grassland is a biome (生物群落区) that is covered with grasses. Grass is everything to a grassland.”可知，草在草原上起着最重要的作用。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据“Both temperate and tropical grasslands have a yearly rainfall of 25 to 75 centimeters. With so little rain, the land can dry out. Fires can start easily.”可知，两种草原的共同点是年降雨量低。故选D。 11．细节理解题。根据“Grasses have deep roots. The roots can take in water and keep nutrients (营养). However, nearly all grassland grasses have adaptations to growing well in dry conditions.”可知，深根有助于草在干燥条件下生长良好。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“Some grassland animals have flat teeth for eating grass. For example, with their flat teeth, zebras bite off (咬下) the tops of grasses that are difficult to cut.”可知，斑马用扁平的牙齿咬下草。故选A。 13．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了草原的生物群落、草原类型、草原上的动植物及其适应性等，主要讲的是草原上的生命。故选A。 （四） （2025·山东滨州·中考真题） Being overweight (超重) is harmful to health. It can increase the risk of diseases (疾病) such as heart problems and high blood pressure. China has made a three-year weight management plan to help people control weight. So, do you know how to manage your weight? Both what you eat and how you eat are very important. You should eat meals at regular (有规律的) times. Have breakfast every day and finish dinner by 7 p.m. Avoid snacks, fried food and drinks with lots of sugar. Eat until you’re 70% full and eat slowly. Begin your meal with vegetables, then meat, and finally rice or noodles. This helps to control how much you eat. Exercise is as crucial as eating. Try to exercise for 150 to 300 minutes each week such as walking, swimming or bike riding, along with strength (力量) training twice a week. If you sit for too long, stand up and move for 3 to 5 minutes every hour. Also, get enough sleep, about 7 hours a night. What’s more, some cities have already set up special “weight management clinics (门诊)” in hospitals. In order to help people lose weight safely, some experts can provide people with advice on diet (饮食), exercise plans and Traditional Chinese Medicine methods. Schools are encouraged to teach students about healthy eating. Families, hotels, and other places can also provide support for weight management. Even AI technology might be used to improve personal weight management. Experts remind us that weight management is not a short-term goal. It’s a lifelong habit. Let’s work together for a healthier future. 14．Why has China made a three-year weight management plan? A．To do medical research. B．To improve students’ diet. C．To encourage people to relax. D．To help people control weight. 15．According to the passage, what’s Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Basic table manners. B．Healthy eating habits. C．Useful cooking skills. D．Scientific exercise plans. 16．The underlined word “crucial” in Paragraph 3 probably means _________. A．important B．popular C．convenient D．available 17．What can we infer from the passage? A．Experts can provide people with healthy food. B．Only hospitals provide support for weight management. C．Good habits make a big difference to weight management. D．Exercising for an hour each week is enough to help lose weight. 18．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph2…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】14．D 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国制定的三年体重管理计划，包括健康的饮食习惯、科学的锻炼计划以及其他方面的支持，强调体重管理是终身习惯。 14．细节理解题。根据“China has made a three-year weight management plan to help people control weight.”可知，中国制定三年体重管理计划是为了帮助人们控制体重。故选D。 15．主旨大意题。根据“Both what you eat and how you eat are very important. You should eat meals at regular (有规律的) times. Have breakfast every day and finish dinner by 7 p.m. Avoid snacks, fried food and drinks with lots of sugar. Eat until you’re 70% full and eat slowly. Begin your meal with vegetables, then meat, and finally rice or noodles. This helps to control how much you eat.”可知，第二段主要讲了健康的饮食习惯。故选B。 16．词句猜测题。根据“Exercise is as crucial as eating.”以及后文提到的锻炼时长和方式等可知，锻炼和饮食一样重要，所以“crucial”的意思是“重要的”。故选A。 17．推理判断题。根据“Experts remind us that weight management is not a short-term goal. It’s a lifelong habit.”以及前文提到的饮食、锻炼、睡眠等习惯对体重管理的影响可知，良好的习惯对体重管理有很大的影响。故选C。 18．篇章结构题。文章第一段提出超重危害健康及中国的体重管理计划，引出体重管理的话题；第二、三段分别从饮食和运动两方面介绍具体方法；第四段补充医院门诊、学校、家庭等多方支持及AI 技术的应用；最后一段总结体重管理是终身习惯。因此结构为“总起（①）— 分述（②③④）— 总结（⑤）”。故选D。 （五） （2025·山东滨州·中考真题） Do you not see the Yellow River come from the sky, rushing into the sea and never returning? This poem describes a very beautiful scene of the Yellow River. The Yellow River is the cradle of China’s civilization (中华文明的摇篮). It’s in northern China. It runs through nine provinces from west to east. It looks like the Chinese character “几”. It is the second longest river in China, and the fifth longest in the world. The Yellow River is also called the “mother river of China”. So flood (洪水) control and prevention have always been the key to the happy lives of people. Now, scientists can better solve these problems by giving the river a digital (数字) twin. The Yellow River’s digital twin uses new technologies such as big data (数据), AI and Internet of things to collect and send the information to the control center. According to the information, a 3D model of the river is shown on the computer screen, and it reflects the real conditions of the Yellow River. It’s like the Yellow River has a twin. One big success in the Yellow River’s protection is “smart stones”. They are put in important places along the river to record the movement of the river. As soon as smart stones feel the unusual movement of the river, they’ll send an alarm to the control center at once. In this way, the government can take action to protect the Yellow River in time. And in the sky, drones (无人机) are flying to survey the flood prevention projects. Thanks to the drones, scientists can get the information about the Yellow River in time. Under the water and up in the sky, intelligent devices (设备) are helping to protect the Yellow River. In the future, we’ll try our best to create better ways for the mother river’s protection. 19．According to the map, the “sea” in Paragraph 1 refers to _________. A．the Yellow Sea B．the Bohai Sea C．the South China Sea D．the East China Sea 20．How does the writer introduce the Yellow River in Paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling a story. C．By comparing opinions. D．By asking questions. 21．The intelligent devices are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT _________. A．drones B．smart stones C．intelligent cars D．a digital twin 22．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The Yellow River runs through nine provinces. B．The digital twin only uses big data to make a 3D model. C．Smart stones can feel the unusual movement of the river. D．Drones help to get the information about the Yellow River. 23．What could be the best title for the passage? A．The Location of the Yellow River B．Beautiful Scenes of the Yellow River C．A Poem of Praising the Yellow River D．New Ways of Protecting the Yellow River 【答案】19．B 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了黄河作为中华文明的摇篮和中国的母亲河，其保护工作的重要性以及科学家们采用的新技术，如数字双胞胎、智能石头和无人机等，来更好地保护黄河。 19．推理判断题。根据“It runs through nine provinces from west to east. It looks like the Chinese character ‘几’. It is the second longest river in China, and the fifth longest in the world.”以及地理常识可知，黄河注入渤海，所以第一段中的“sea”指的是渤海。故选B。 20．细节理解题。根据“It runs through nine provinces from west to east. It looks like the Chinese character ‘几’. It is the second longest river in China, and the fifth longest in the world.”可知，作者在第二段通过列举数字来介绍黄河。故选A。 21．细节理解题。根据“Now, scientists can better solve these problems by giving the river a digital (数字) twin.”、“One big success in the Yellow River’s protection is ‘smart stones’.”以及“And in the sky, drones (无人机) are flying to survey the flood prevention projects.”可知，文中提到的智能设备包括数字双胞胎、智能石头和无人机，没有提到智能汽车。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据“The Yellow River’s digital twin uses new technologies such as big data (数据), AI and Internet of things to collect and send the information to the control center. According to the information, a 3D model of the river is shown on the computer screen, and it reflects the real conditions of the Yellow River.”可知，数字双胞胎不仅使用大数据，还使用人工智能和物联网等技术来制作3D模型，所以B选项“数字双胞胎只使用大数据来制作3D模型”是错误的。故选B。 23．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了黄河的保护措施，包括数字双胞胎、智能石头和无人机等新技术的应用，所以最佳标题是“保护黄河的新方法”。故选D。 （六） （2025·山东日照·中考真题） A nudge is a gentle push. Sometimes it’s a physical push. A person might nudge a friend to make him move out of the way, or a parent might nudge a child to get her to say thank you for a gift. Sometimes a nudge is a mental (心理) push. A boss might nudge workers to work faster by reminding them that a deadline (最后期限) is coming up. In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics. First, they make one choice seem more attractive and useful than the others. Second, design nudges don’t say clearly what the best choice is. They just suggest it in an indirect way. We can see many examples where nudges help people choose what’s good for them. Take students as an example. Nudges can encourage them to give up negative behaviors, such as eating junk food at lunch, and develop positive ones. Studies show that most people take the first three foods they see more often than other foods. Schools can use this information to nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line and unhealthy ones at the end. Giving food nicer names can also change student choices. “Cool summer salad” will probably be more popular than just “salad”. However, not all design nudges are beneficial. For example, shops might shine a light on fruit, using this nudge to increase sales. But it benefits shops, not customers. A hotel that offers a free breakfast might choose to put low-cost but unhealthy food in a noticeable place and put higher-cost but healthier food in a far corner. This helps the hotel save money but is bad for guests. Design nudges are all around us because they are effective. A growing number of people are now using nudges on themselves to help overcome problems and make better choices. 24．What is a characteristic of design nudges? A．They clearly tell people what to choose. B．They push people to make decisions quickly. C．They encourage people to think independently. D．They make one choice seem better than the rest. 25．How can schools nudge their students to eat better? A．By offering more food choices to them. B．By providing high-cost foods at lower prices. C．By putting healthy foods at a noticeable place. D．By placing unhealthy foods at the front of the line. 26．What can we learn from the examples in Paragraph 4? A．Design nudges might be used in a bad way. B．People often misunderstand design nudges. C．People use design nudges widely in daily life. D．Design nudges can improve the service quality. 27．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The power of a nudge B．The benefits of a nudge C．How to design a nudge D．How to recognize a nudge 【答案】24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了“nudge”（助推）的含义，介绍设计助推的特征，举例说明其积极作用与负面影响，还提到设计助推因有效而广泛存在。 24．细节理解题。根据“In design terms, nudges usually have two characteristics. First, they make one choice seem more attractive and useful than the others.”可知，设计助推的特征之一是让一种选择看起来比其他选择更有吸引力和实用性，即让一种选择比其他选择更好，故选D。 25．细节理解题。根据“Schools can use this information to nudge students to eat better by putting healthier food choices at the front of the line and unhealthy ones at the end.”可知，学校可以通过把健康的食物放在队伍的前面来引导学生吃得更健康，把不健康的食物放在最后。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“However, not all design nudges are beneficial. For example, shops might shine a light on fruit, using this nudge to increase sales. But it benefits shops, not customers. A hotel that offers a free breakfast might choose to put low-cost but unhealthy food in a noticeable place and put higher-cost but healthier food in a far corner. This helps the hotel save money but is bad for guests.”可知，第四段的例子表明设计助推可能被用于不好的方面，只为自身利益服务而损害他人，故选A。 27．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，全文围绕“nudge”（助推）展开，介绍了其含义、设计助推的特征、积极与消极作用以及广泛应用，核心是体现助推的影响力，选项A“助推的力量”符合语境，故选A。 （七） （2025·山东济南·中考真题） Every morning, a big riverside school in the forest of Borneo comes to life. The caretakers and teachers in the school are from a specialized team, and the students there are orangutans (猩猩) whose parents have gone missing, making it one of the most unusual schools in the world. The orangutans aged from 2 to 8 years old are divided into five groups according to their skills. They are looked after by the team who feed the babies and teach the older ones to start feeding themselves. There are often problems in the beginning. For example, there was a lesson about how to break open a coconut to drink the milk inside. Several young orangutans couldn’t do that and they got very angry about the whole thing. Of course, as in any social group, the orangutans have to learn to get on with each other. There are the usual arguments over food when one orangutan doesn’t get what he or she wants. However, with the care of the trainers, they gradually learn to accept each other. In one of the lessons, the trainers teach young orangutans to climb trees. This is an important skill they need to learn. Some of the orangutans in particular were really scared. It took them a long time to get the courage to climb up and swing from a branch (树枝), but when they finally did it, they were so satisfied with themselves! The goal of the “education system” is to train the orangutans to be able to live in the wild again and look after themselves. They won’t have to stay at school forever. After the older orangutans are set free into the forest, there is no more connection with the people from the school. They now have to live as wild orangutans again and be accepted by the other orangutans who are already there. The day when they say goodbye is a difficult one. However, the trainers are happy that their job is done. They have successfully taught young orangutans how to live in the wild again—where they belong. 28．Where is the orangutan school? A．In a forest. B．By a lake. C．In a zoo. D．In a laboratory. 29．What do orangutans learn to do in the school? A．Fight to live. B．Be good with each other. C．Make useful tools. D．Feed babies on their own. 30．How did the young orangutans feel after learning to climb trees? A．Surprised. B．Relaxed. C．Tired. D．Happy. 31．Why is the “education system” set up for orangutans? A．To offer them an easy life. B．To train them to be independent. C．To free them from the past. D．To keep them away from humans. 32．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Special Forest Team B．Wildlife Schools in the World C．A School with a Difference D．Courses for Smart Orangutans 【答案】28．A 29．B 30．D 31．B 32．C 【导语】本文主要介绍一所特殊的学校——猩猩学校。 28．细节理解题。根据“a big riverside school in the forest of Borneo comes to life”可知，是位于婆罗洲森林里的一所大型河畔学校，故选A。 29．细节理解题。根据“Of course, as in any social group, the orangutans have to learn to get on with each other.”可知，就像在任何社会群体中一样，这些猩猩也必须学会彼此相处。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据“It took them a long time to get the courage to climb up and swing from a branch (树枝), but when they finally did it, they were so satisfied with themselves!”可知，这些年轻的猩猩在学会爬树之后对自己感到非常满意。故选D。 31．细节理解题。根据“The goal of the ‘education system’ is to train the orangutans to be able to live in the wild again and look after themselves.”可知，“教育系统”的目标是训练这些猩猩能够重新回归自然环境，并能够独立生存。故选B。 32．最佳标题题。全文围绕猩猩学校的特殊性展开，选项C“一所与众不同的学校”符合主题，故选C。 （八） （2025·山东日照·中考真题） Lightning usually destroys (破坏) trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them! For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself. In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree, which had been struck by strong lightning. It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure. Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2—6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years. These Dipteryx oleifera trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx trees was struck twice in 5 years yet continued to grow well. At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract (吸引) lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and grow better. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics. 33．What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree? A．It dies quickly after lightning strikes. B．It takes in nutrients directly from lightning. C．It grows better after being struck by lightning. D．It avoids lightning by hiding under other trees. 34．What does the underlined word “handle” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Mix up. B．Give out. C．Suffer from. D．Deal with. 35．Why do Dipteryx oleifera trees attract lightning? A．To get more water from the sky. B．To kill nearby trees for growth. C．To become shorter and stronger. D．To protect other trees around them. 36．What might scientists do next according to the text? A．Plant more Dipteryx oleifera trees. B．Study how trees attract lightning better. C．Find out where Dipteryx oleifera trees live. D．Look for more trees that can survive lightning. 【答案】33．C 34．D 35．B 36．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了油桃木这种特殊的树，它被闪电击中后不仅能存活还生长得更好，科学家对其展开研究并将探索更多类似特性的树。 33．细节理解题。根据“But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them!”以及后文对油桃木的研究描述可知，油桃木被闪电击中后生长得更好，故选C。 34．词句猜测题。根据前文描述油桃木被闪电击中却未受严重伤害，“Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning”意思是科学家认为这种树能够应对闪电，“handle”在这里是“处理，应对”的意思，与“deal with”意思相近，故选D。 35．细节理解题。根据“Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself.”可知，油桃木吸引闪电是为了杀死附近的树从而获取更多阳光和营养以生长，故选B。 36．推理判断题。根据“They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics.”可知，科学家接下来可能会寻找更多能在闪电袭击后存活的树，故选D。 （九） （2025·山东济南·中考真题） Construction (建筑) is one of the biggest users of energy and one of the biggest polluters. According to AI Magazine, construction is responsible for using 38% of world energy. The building part alone takes up almost 55% of final energy use and 33% of greenhouse gases. It’s also well known that steel produces too much material waste in building construction. Because of this big challenge, the future of sustainable (可持续的) construction may lie with AI. AI is able to study building efficiency (效率) performance by grouping data to find the best chances for sustainable material usage. With a tool like AI, the future of sustainable construction could progress much faster than in the past. Besides, AI helps architects (建筑师) work with new tools and sustainable materials to create our better buildings and cities of the future. For example, construction 3D printing guided by AI can offer better choices for building materials to save money, and map out how construction materials could be recycled. In a professional article, AI is praised as a tool for sustainable construction, “In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.” AI can be used to speed up the future of sustainable construction to set standards for the industry, and make construction more efficient and affordable. Like any other computer, AI is a tool that is particularly good at studying data sets, but for the moment it still requires smart and ethical (有道德的) human beings to lead its work. All of that has to be done with respect for humans, so it’s really up to us to make it work. 37．How is paragraph 1 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By expressing feelings. D．By making comparisons. 38．How can AI help architects? A．Produce sustainable steel. B．Draw maps of dream cities. C．Invent recyclable 3D printers. D．Choose sustainable materials. 39．Which best explains the underlined word “promising” in paragraph 3? A．Facing challenges. B．Needing improving. C．Taking years to grow. D．Having a bright future. 40．What does the writer suggest in the last paragraph? A．It’s difficult to develop AI. B．Humans’ future depends on AI. C．It’s humans’ duty to guide AI. D．Humans and AI should work together. 41．What is the text mainly about? A．AI recycles construction wastes. B．AI may take the place of architects. C．AI helps sustainable construction. D．AI speeds sustainable development. 【答案】37．A 38．D 39．D 40．C 41．C 【导语】本文主要介绍人工智能在建筑业的应用。 37．细节理解题。根据“According to AI Magazine, construction is responsible for using 38% of world energy. The building part alone takes up almost 55% of final energy use and 33% of greenhouse gases.”可知，第一段通过具体数据（如38%、55%、33%）说明建筑业在能源消耗和污染方面的严重性，故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据“AI is able to study building efficiency (效率) performance by grouping data to find the best chances for sustainable material usage.”可知，人工智能能够通过对数据进行分类分析来研究建筑的能效表现，从而找到最有利于可持续材料使用的最佳方案。故选D。 39．词句猜测题。根据“In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.”可知，人工智能能够分析大量有关天气状况的数据，并有助于充分利用建筑系统以实现节能、节水等目标。所以是极具前景，故选D。 40．推理判断题。根据“Like any other computer, AI is a tool that is particularly good at studying data sets, but for the moment it still requires smart and ethical (有道德的) human beings to lead its work. All of that has to be done with respect for humans, so it’s really up to us to make it work.”可知，就像其他任何计算机一样，人工智能也是一种特别擅长处理数据集的工具，但目前它仍需要聪明且有道德意识的人类来引领其工作。所有这些工作都必须以尊重人类为前提，所以实际上要让其发挥作用，还得靠我们自己。由此可知，作者认为引导人工智能是人类的职责所在。故选C。 41．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍人工智能在建筑业的应用，选项C“人工智能助力可持续建筑”符合主题，故选C。 （十） （2025·山东济宁·中考真题） It’s fun to visit the monkeys at the zoo and watch them play and climb. We laugh at how cute they are and talk about how much they seem like us. But in some cities, monkeys and people live together—it isn’t a pleasure at all. In New Delhi, India, thousands of small monkeys live in the city. They steal food from street shops, break into people’s houses, and leave a mess. Sometimes they even bite (咬) people and cause blackouts (停电) and Internet problems. Every year the city grows and more forests are cut down, leaving monkeys with no wild space. Now monkeys are used to living in the city. It’s a big worry! The government has tried many ways to keep monkeys away. Workers catch monkeys and take them to wild areas far from the city. To stop the monkeys from returning for food, trucks bring food to them. But the wild areas aren’t large enough for all the monkeys. Recently, the city also tried using paper tigers and recorded sounds to drive them away. However, monkeys quickly learn these aren’t real. The problem won’t be easily solved. Most people like monkeys and don’t want to hurt them, but they don’t want monkeys in their homes either. The monkeys probably feel exactly the same way about us. No matter what method we choose, one thing is clear: if we don’t protect the homes of wild animals, they may have no choice but to live in ours. 42．Which is a problem caused by monkeys in New Delhi? A．Making the zoo a mess. B．Breaking into people’s homes. C．Stealing food from trucks. D．Causing harm to other animals. 43．Why is it difficult to keep monkeys away in the city? ① Because monkeys refuse to eat provided food. ② Because monkey catchers cannot catch them all. ③ Because the wild areas cannot hold so many monkeys. ④ Because paper tigers and recorded sounds don’t always work. A．①③ B．②④ C．③④ D．②③ 44．Which of the following is TRUE about Paragraph 4? A．People don’t care about the monkeys living around them. B．The government has found the best way to control monkeys. C．Monkeys are happy to share their living space with humans. D．Protecting monkeys’ natural homes may stop them from living in cities. 45．Where would you most probably find this passage? A．In a story book. B．In a zoo website. C．In a wildlife magazine. D．In a guide book. 【答案】42．B 43．C 44．D 45．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在印度新德里，猴子与人类共同生活带来的问题以及政府采取的应对措施。 42．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“They steal food from street shops, break into people’s houses, and leave a mess.”可知，猴子会闯入人们的家中。故选B。 43．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“But the wild areas aren’t large enough for all the monkeys.”可知，野生区域不足以容纳所有猴子，对应③，“the city also tried using paper tigers and recorded sounds to drive them away. However, monkeys quickly learn these aren’t real.”可知，该市还尝试用纸老虎和录音来驱赶猴子，但是猴子很快就知道这些都不是真的，即：纸老虎和录音也不总是有用，对应④。故选C。 44．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“if we don’t protect the homes of wild animals, they may have no choice but to live in ours.”可知，如果我们不保护野生动物的家园，它们可能别无选择，只能生活在我们的家园中，可推知，保护猴子的自然栖息地是关键。故选D。 45．推理判断题。文章主要讨论猴子与人类共处的生态问题及解决方案，属于野生动物保护主题。故选C。 真题实战 （一） （2025·重庆·中考真题） Tea has long been a popular drink in China. Chinese people love different kinds of tea. Among them, black tea and white tea from Fujian, green tea from Zhejiang and Anhui, and dark tea from Yunnan are some of the favorites. In the Song Dynasty (960—1279), tea culture reached new heights. The beauty of the Song tea came alive through “dian cha”. Powdered (粉状的) tea was whisked (搅打) with water into soft “clouds”. White tea was often used to make the “clouds” as white as the moonlight. Tea artists used clean water to draw pictures on them with a teaspoon. The way of serving dian cha became a living art. It later influenced Japanese tea culture. Today, more young people are learning and passing it on. Yunnan’s dark tea, especially Pu’er, got famous because of the Ancient Tea Horse Road. And it won popularity around the world. In 1976, Frenchman Fred Kempler found a new kind of Pu’er from Yunnan in a Hong Kong shop. In the same year, he visited Yunnan, bought nearly two tons, and began to sell “Yunnan Tuocha” in Europe. Since 1986, Yunnan’s Pu’er tuocha has got many prizes at food expos (博览会) in France, America and other countries. Today you can see an old Australian lady holding a cup of tea of sun-dried Pu’er, though she still enjoys her English-style black tea with milk and sugar. Tea is a bridge of friendship among nations and peoples. Tea is enjoyed timelessly from ancient to modern times. Each cup of dian cha, white as the moonlight, turned tea into art, and art into eternity (永恒). Tea is also loved globally from the east to the west. Each cup of Pu’er, with the smell of sunshine, turns tea into friendship, and friendship into a shared future. 1．What kind of tea was often used for dian cha according to the passage? A．Black tea. B．Green tea. C．Dark tea. D．White tea. 2．When did Fred Kempler begin to sell “Yunnan Tuocha” in Europe? A．In 1986. B．In 1976. C．In 1279. D．In 960. 3．Which sentence uses “globally” with the same meaning as the underlined word? globally /'gləʊbəli/ adv. ①全球地②全面地③总体而言，整体地 A．Globally, our class did well in the English test. B．The Olympic Games bring people together globally. C．The story is globally interesting though some parts are slow. D．This math question needs you to consider the numbers globally. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．More Than a Drink B．Tea Trade in China C．Art in a Tea Cup D．Journey of Yunnan Tea 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文涵盖茶的种类、点茶艺术（如“茶变艺术”）、普洱茶全球传播（如“友谊桥梁”），强调茶超越饮品本身的多重价值。 1．细节理解题。根据“White tea was often used to make the ‘clouds’ as white as the moonlight.”可知，白茶常被用于制作点茶的“云纹”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“In 1976, Frenchman Fred Kempler found a new kind of Pu’er from Yunnan in a Hong Kong shop. In the same year, he visited Yunnan, bought nearly two tons, and began to sell ‘Yunnan Tuocha’ in Europe.”可知，欧洲销售“云南沱茶”的时间是在1976年。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Tea is also loved globally from the east to the west.”可知，茶在全球范围内被喜爱，globally意为“全球地”，选项B“The Olympic Games bring people together globally”中的“globally”同样表示“全球地”。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。文章涵盖茶的种类、点茶艺术（如“茶变艺术”）、普洱茶全球传播（如“友谊桥梁”），强调茶超越饮品本身的多重价值。说明茶不仅仅是一种饮品。选项A“不仅仅是一种饮品”作为标题最为合适。故选A。 （二） （2024·安徽·中考真题） If you get angry many times in a day, it is time for you to think about how to deal with it. Here are some of my suggestions. When you are angry, try to tell yourself through another voice that you are angry and that it is not a bad thing. It just shows that you have different ideas. Accept that many things are not 100% right or wrong. In our communication with others, the final purpose is not to decide who is right and who is wrong, but to look for something in common. If you still feel strong anger, try taking a deep breath (呼吸) and let anger out of your body along with the breath. Don’t say angry words when you are very angry, for you will regret saying them when you cool down. Discussing with a third party is helpful. It is hard for the two parties in anger to understand each other, but the idea of an outsider can help both parties to get mutual (相互的) understanding. Anger is just one of the many emotions (情绪) that make us human, and to well manage it adds to our ability to truly understand the world. 5．What is the final purpose of communication with other people? A．To show different ideas. B．To look for something in common. C．To accept useful suggestions. D．To decide whether one is right or not. 6．What does the writer advise us to do when we can’t cool down? A．Say angry words. B．Try taking a deep breath. C．Control our voices. D．Stop talking with others. 7．What does the underlined word “party” in paragraph 4 mean? A．An activity. B．A visitor. C．A person. D．A meeting. 8．What is the text mainly about? A．How to manage anger. B．How to show feelings. C．How to deal with regrets. D．How to understand the world. 【答案】5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何处理生气这种情绪。 5．细节理解题。根据“the final purpose is not to decide who is right and who is wrong, but to look for something in common”可知，最终目的不是决定谁对谁错，而是寻找共同之处。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据“If you still feel strong anger, try taking a deep breath (呼吸) and let anger out of your body along with the breath. ”可知，应该要深呼吸，故选B。 7．词义猜测题。根据“but the idea of an outsider can help both parties to get mutual (相互的) understanding.”可知，局外人的想法可以帮助双方获得相互理解，所以这里指的是第三方人，故选C。 8．主旨大意题。根据“If you get angry many times in a day, it is time for you to think about how to deal with it. Here are some of my suggestions.”可知，本文主要介绍了如何处理生气这种情绪。故选A。 （三） （2025·重庆·中考真题） “Wow! Look at that! Isn’t it a real fish?” The bionic (仿生) fish, named “Jinlin”, was swimming lively like a real one. It was developed by researchers at Shanghai Ocean University. This invention isn’t just for fun—it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems. That is a science called bionics. Over millions of years, animals and plants have developed smart ways to survive. For example, kingfishers are experts at moving fast between air and water with very little noise. Through their study, scientists discovered that the birds’ long beaks (喙) enabled this ability. Then they used the knowledge to change the front of the high-speed train. This change cut down noise level, increased speed by 10% and greatly saved energy. This combination (结合) of biology and engineering is the key to success in bionics. And it has set the stage for the rise of other new technologies. Driven by robotics and AI, bionics has grown rapidly. The AI-powered bionic fish “Jinlin” can be used for environmental protection and deep sea exploration. In medicine, bionic arms can work similarly to real arms. Sensors allow the user to “feel” touch and pressure. Motors help the bionic arms make movements, like human muscles (肌肉). With AI, the bionic arms are able to “learn” new tasks and become smarter over time. These inventions are examples to show how bionics bridges biology and new technologies to solve humans’ problems. Although so much progress has been made, bionics faces challenges. Nature’s designs are hard to copy perfectly. As for bionic arms, one key area of development is Brain-Computer Interface (脑机接口). More work on direct communication between the brain and bionic arms is required to control movements as naturally as real arms. Researchers are also working on creating new materials and structures which can sense and repair themselves. While there’s still a long way to go, the future of bionics is full of possibilities. Stay hungry. Stay foolish. Maybe you’ll be the next one to change the world! 9．Why does the writer mention “Jinlin” at the beginning of the passage? A．To suggest some new ideas. B．To lead into the topic of bionics. C．To explain the habits of fish. D．To show the importance of bionics. 10．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Robotics and AI have developed fast because of bionics. B．The bionic fish “Jinlin” is used for medical purposes. C．Motors allow the bionic arms to make movements. D．Sensors help bionic arms learn new tasks over time. 11．According to Paragraph 4, how would scientists make bionic arms more like real ones? ① By connecting motors with smart phones. ② By developing new materials and structures. ③ By improving Brain-Computer Interface. ④ By changing the shape and look of bionic arms. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 12．Which of the following shows the use of bionics? A．Drawing a picture of birds by watching real birds. B．Building a house with natural materials like wood. C．Designing a camera by copying some insects’ eyes. D．Learning to dance by studying monkeys’ movements. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．B 12．C 【导语】本文介绍了仿生学这一科学领域，通过模仿自然界的生物结构和功能来解决人类面临的问题。 9．推理判断题。根据“This invention isn’t just for fun—it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems. That is a science called bionics.”可知文章开头提到“Jinlin”是为了引出仿生学这一主题。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据“Motors help the bionic arms make movements”可知马达帮助仿生手臂进行运动。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据“As for bionic arms, one key area of development is Brain-Computer Interface...Researchers are also working on creating new materials and structures which can sense and repair themselves.”可知科学家们通过开发新的材料和结构以及改进脑机接口来使仿生手臂更接近真实手臂。故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据“it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems. That is a science called bionics.”可知仿生学是指人类通过模仿自然来解决问题，选项C“通过模仿昆虫的眼睛设计相机”是典型的仿生学应用。故选C。 （四） （2024·重庆·中考真题） ①More than 100,000 people cheered at the breathtaking moment when 3,000 drones flew over Chaotianmen on the Chinese New Year Eve. The 15-minute drone show had 300 million views online. ②In fact, drones are easy to operate. People send orders to the control system. Rotors push against the air to make the drone rise or stay in the air. By changing the angle (角度) and the speed of different rotors, the drone flies in all directions. ③Drones can complete difficult and special tasks in a timely and effective way. ④After an earthquake, drones can fly over blocked roads to find people or record any possible danger. Reaching the mountain village by road may take several hours, but drones provide information in just a few minutes. ⑤For weak wildlife populations, drones can show where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying guns. At night, drones with infrared (红外线的) cameras can easily find them in the dark. ⑥Drones also provide convenience for the public. For example, at a sports event, drones are used to give a view from above or help coaches see how their players are doing. ⑦In a word, drones have been widely used in emergency (紧急情况), environmental protection, farming, transportation and others, with more fields on the way. ⑧As drones are cheaper, more practical and less dangerous than planes or helicopters, drone flight activities have become the important driving force for the growth of low-altitude economy (低空经济). Besides well-known leaders like DJI, more pioneering companies have appeared. At the end of last year, there were nearly 1.27 million registered (注册的) drones across the country. The drone industry is believed to be full of chances and possibilities. 13．What’s the purpose in writing Paragraph 1? A．To provide the background. B．To lead into the subject. C．To compare differences. D．To introduce a festival. 14．What does the underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．非法捕猎者 B．动物保护者 C．无人机驾驶员 D．野生动物管理员 15．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 16．What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A．The history of the drone industry. B．The advantages of drones. C．The future of the drone industry. D．The standards of drones. 【答案】13．B 14．A 15．D 16．C 【导语】本文介绍了无人机的应用以及未来的产业。 13．推理判断题。根据“More than 100,000 people cheered at the breathtaking moment when 3,000 drones flew over Chaotianmen on the Chinese New Year Eve.”可知本文通过超10万人观看无人机在新年飞行的时刻，引出对无人机的介绍。故选B。 14．词义推断题。根据“For weak wildlife populations, drones can show where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying guns.”可知携带枪支，猎杀野生动物的是非法捕猎者。故选A。 15．篇章结构题。第一段引出无人机话题，第二段介绍无人机的可操控性，第三段介绍无人机可以完成困难和特殊任务，第四段和第五段介绍了这样的任务，第六段介绍无人机可以提供公共便捷，与第三段并列，第七段是对无人机作用的总结，第八段介绍了无人机产业。因此D选项符合。故选D。 16．推理判断题。根据“The drone industry is believed to be full of chances and possibilities.”可知最后一句介绍无人机未来是充满无限机会和可能的，所以之后作者会介绍无人机未来的产业。故选C。 （五） （2025·江苏南通·中考真题） Sports might have started as a way to survive. Long ago, people ran, jumped, and climbed to stay alive. Hunters were known for their special skills. Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. The ancient Greeks made a big change by holding the first Olympic Games. Modern sports began in England in the early 19th century and then spread globally. These became the models for sports such as football that we play now. Sports come in many shapes and sizes. Organized sports, whether swimming or ice hockey, are serious forms of play. There are rules to obey, skills and positions to learn, and plans to carry out. Team sports like soccer require you to work with teammates, while individual (个人的) sports such as tennis focus on your personal performance. There’s no doubt that sports are valuable. The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world. Organized sports get us using our bodies and minds, which makes us more imaginative, curious, and creative. The skills we learn can help us in school and later at work. In an ideal world, sports would always be fun. But in reality, sports can cause physical hurt like broken bones, and also harm in mind. In team sports, misunderstandings and hurt feelings are part of the learning process. Sports are supposed to bring people together, but they can also drive people apart. But even when they’re not always a cheerful experience, they show us how to face life’s challenges. You don’t have to be on a school team. But many, like school coaches, have found ways to make play their work, which makes them feel whole. There’s no better place to play and learn about the world than on a sports field. No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner. 17．In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A．Travel. B．Nature. C．Technology. D．Entertainment. 18．Why is play important for teenagers according to the passage? A．It reduces their physical hurt easily. B．It improves their mind and body health. C．It helps them have more time for sleep. D．It teaches them how to win competitions. 19．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion? A．People should try to become a famous athlete. B．People can play mainly for fun and enjoyment. C．Trying team sports is better than individual ones. D．Avoiding sports that cause hurt is the best choice. 20．What may be the best title for the passage? A．The Styles of Sports B．The History of Sports C．The Charm of Sports D．The Challenges of Sports 【答案】17．D 18．B 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择何种运动，关键是享受乐趣。 17．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，属于娱乐休闲范畴，故最有可能出现在报纸的娱乐版块。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据“The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world”可知，玩耍对青少年的思维、身体、社交生活和情感都很重要，体育运动能锻炼我们的身体，让我们了解自己和世界，即玩耍能改善青少年的身心健康。故选B。 19．推理判断题。根据“No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner.”可知，无论选择什么运动，关键是享受乐趣，当你这样做的时候，你已经是赢家了，由此可推测出作者认为人们可以主要是为了乐趣和享受而运动。故选B。 20．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择何种运动，关键是享受乐趣，以选项C“运动的魅力”为标题最合适。故选C。 （六） （2025·江苏常州·中考真题） For those whose hearts often go off beat, pacemakers (心脏起搏器) are life savers. By providing a small electrical support at the right moment, they can keep a heart working properly. Their main problem is that they use batteries. Even the best of them will run out of energy, and changing the batteries requires operations. Since operations are usually best avoided, the search has been on for long-lasting batteries. Different choices have been explored for a long time. Today, pacemakers with lithium (锂) batteries last between 5 and 15 years. Zhang Hao, from Shanghai Second Military Medical University, and Yang Bin, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, tried a way to refill a pacemaker’s battery with electricity (电) by getting energy from inside the body. They report in the magazine ACS Nano that they have also used the heart muscle (肌肉) itself to work. Earlier efforts by other scientists to use heart muscle power to run pacemakers depend on piezoelectric materials (压电材料). These materials can be connected to a beating heart and produce electricity when they are slightly deformed (弯曲). This has worked, but not well enough: the output has rarely been over 5 microwatts (微瓦), while most pacemakers require at least ten. Dr Zhang and Dr Yang believed that they could improve matters by making their piezoelectric materials more dramatically deformed, and then produce 15 microwatts, because the more deformed, the more electricity will be produced. They put their idea to the test in a 50kg pig. It made enough electricity for the pacemaker to work as expected. Whether such an idea will pass human tests remains to be seen. But if it does, the days of pacemakers that need battery changes through operations may not last long. 21．According to the first two paragraphs, what is a problem with pacemakers? A．They often go off beat. B．Their energy can be used up. C．Operations often influence them. D．They sometimes do harm to hearts. 22．From this passage, what do we know about piezoelectric materials? A．They can be used to produce electricity. B．They can deform the heart to make it beat faster. C．They were first used by Zhang Hao and Yang Bin. D．They were proved to produce 15 microwatts in human tests. 23．What does the word “dramatically” in the 4th paragraph most probably mean? A．Comfortably. B．Safely. C．Greatly. D．Rapidly. 24．What is the best title for this article? A．No Need to Use Pacemakers B．The Problem with Piezoelectric Materials C．The Contribution of Chinese Scientists to Heart Operations D．Chinese Scientists Found a New Way to Improve Pacemakers 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 【导语】本文主要介绍中国科学家发现了一种改进心脏起搏器的新方法。 21．细节理解题。根据“Their main problem is that they use batteries. Even the best of them will run out of energy, and changing the batteries requires operations.”可知，心脏起搏器的问题是电池会耗尽电量，故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据“These materials can be connected to a beating heart and produce electricity when they are slightly deformed (弯曲).”可知，这些材料在轻微弯曲时，能够与跳动的心脏相连并产生电能，所以压电材料可以被用来发电。故选A。 23．词句猜测题。根据“because the more deformed, the more electricity will be produced”可知，因为变形程度越大，产生的电量就越多；可推测出“dramatically”意为“显著地”，与“greatly”意思相近。故选C。 24．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍中国科学家发现了一种改进心脏起搏器的新方法，D选项为最佳标题。故选D。 （七） （2025·江苏无锡·中考真题） Brazilian artist Vik Muniz uses everyday objects in unusual ways. Through his art, Muniz makes people think differently about their everyday lives-even their own rubbish. In 2007, Muniz worked on a two-year project at one of the world’s largest landfills. Until its closure in 2012, Jardim Gramacho received about 70 percent of the rubbish from Rio de Janeiro. About 3,000 rubbish pickers, known as catadores, worked there. Their job was to hunt through the rubbish for recyclable cans, bottles, and other materials. They then made money by selling the objects to recycling companies. The catadores’ work was dirty and dangerous, and most of them only received between $20 and $25 a day. Despite the hard conditions, many catadores were proud of their work. Valter Dos Santos, a worker at Jardim Gramacho for more than 25 years, told Muniz, “I am proud to be a picker. I try to explain to people that recycling prevents great harm to nature and the environment. People sometimes say, ‘But one single soda can?’ One single can is of great importance! That single can will make the difference.” Muniz became friends with Dos Santos and other catadores. They allowed him to take their photographs at the landfill, where they posed for artistic portraits. For example, Muniz photographed a landfill worker in the style of a famous French painting. The workers then helped Muniz create huge images of these photos on the floor of his workshop. They used materials from the landfill to add color and depth to the images. ________ Muniz says he wanted to “change the lives of people with the same materials they deal with every day.” A photograph of his recreation of the French painting sold for £28,000 ($50,000) at a London art auction. Muniz gave the money to the catadores workers’ organization. In 2010, a movie called Waste Land was made about Muniz’s project. The film received many awards and helped make people aware of the rubbish collectors’ lives. The catadores also began to see themselves differently. “Sometimes we see ourselves as so small,” says Irma, a cook at Gramacho, “but people out there see us as so big, so beautiful.” 25．Why did the writer mention Valter Dos Santos? A．To tell the story of a catador’s life. B．To describe the catadores’ hard conditions. C．To show the value of a catador’s work. D．To give an example of successful catadores. 26．What can we learn about Muniz’s photographs? A．They were all taken at the landfill. B．He spent a long time on each of them. C．They were only part of his unusual creation. D．He took them in the style of famous paintings. 27．Which of the following is the most suitable for ________? A．Why take such photos of these catadores? B．Why create such huge images using rubbish? C．How to help these people in a creative way? D．How to turn everyday objects into art pieces? 28．Which of the following shows the right order of the things that happened? a. A movie was made about Muniz’s project. b. Gramacho stopped receiving rubbish. c. Dos Santos started working at Gramacho. d. Muniz made friends with some catadores. A．d-c-b-a. B．c-d-b-a. C．d-c-a-b. D．c-d-a-b. 【答案】25．C 26．C 27．B 28．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了巴西艺术家Vik Muniz通过使用垃圾填埋场的日常物品创作艺术，改变人们对垃圾和垃圾收集者生活的看法，并与垃圾收集者合作完成艺术项目的过程。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段Valter Dos Santos的话“I am proud to be a picker…That single can will make the difference”可知，作者提到他是为了展示垃圾收集者工作的价值。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段“Muniz photographed a landfill worker in the style of a famous French painting…They used materials from the landfill to create huge images”可知，这些照片只是他非常规创作的一部分。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据空缺后Muniz的话“change the lives of people with the same materials they deal with every day”可知，此处应解释用垃圾创作巨型图像的原因。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据原文信息：c（Dos Santos工作25年，早于2007年项目）→d（2007年Muniz与收集者成为朋友）→a（2010年电影上映）→b（2012年填埋场关闭）。故选D。 （八） （2025·江苏南通·中考真题） ①Do you sometimes feel too afraid to try new things? If you want to grow and get better, you need to take risks and challenge yourself. But your brain often tells you to stay safe. It might say, “Don’t bother trying something new.” Even when these thoughts aren’t reasonable, our anxiety (担心) can still win. Instead of thinking about the good things that could happen, we worry more about “What if something goes wrong?” ②Avoiding all risks might seem smart, but it can make you feel unhappy. The problem is that we often make decisions based on feelings, not facts. We think, “The more scared I feel, the riskier it is.” But feelings aren’t always reasonable. If we knew how to think about risks clearly, we’d know which risks are worth taking. For example, trying a new hobby like painting might feel scary at first, but it could bring you joy and new skills. ③Whether you’re afraid to change your job or too nervous to ask a friend for coffee, learning to take “good risks” can improve your life. Here are good ways to help. ④Balance feelings with facts. Many times, we think fear means something risky. But that’s not true. For example, driving a car feels safe because we do it every day, but giving a speech in public might make your heart beat fast. Yet the fact shows that car accidents are much more common than getting hurt while speaking! So before you avoid doing something scary, take three deep breaths and ask yourself, “What’s the real risk here?” ⑤Take steps to succeed. You can do many small things to lower risks. If you’re nervous about a test, make a study plan and review each day—this helps you feel more prepared. It’s okay to feel butterflies in your stomach when you try something new. Facing fear helps build your mental muscle, just like exercising builds physical muscle. So, taking smart risks helps you become mentally stronger. Each time you try something scary, you will learn to deal with uncertainty and anxiety. You’ll also get new skills and grow from mistakes. If you try out for a dance team and don’t make it, you can ask for the reason and then practise$命学科网·上好课 www zxxk com 上好每一堂课 专题02阅读理解之说明文 参考答案 考●向●突●破 考向01细节理解跟题 1.D2.B3.A 考向02主旨大意及最佳标题题剩 1.C2.A3.B ◆考向03推理判断题、 1.C2.C3.C ◆考向04词义猜测与指代关系题、 1.D2.A3.B 考向05篇章结构题、 1.B2.A 题●型·训●练 基斯础过关 (-)1.C2.A3.B4.B (二)5.B 6.B7.C8.D (三)9.C10.A11.B12.D (四)13.B14.D15.C16.B (五)17.D 18.C19.C 20.D (六)21.B22.C23.C 24.A (七)25.D26.B 27.A 28.C （八)29.C 30.A 31.C 32.D (九)33.D34.B 35.C36.B 1/2 高学科网·上好课 www zxxk.com 上好每一堂课 (十)37.C38.A39.B40.B >能力进阶 (-)1.B2.B3.A4.C (二)1.D2.C3.C4.A (三)5.B 6.B7.C 8.A (四)9.C10.D11.B12.A13.A (五)14.D 15.B16.A17.C 18.D (六)19.B 20.A21.C 22.B 23.D (七)24.D25.C26.A27.A （八)28.A29.B 30.D31.B 32.C (九)33.C 34.D35.B36.D (十)37.A38.D39.D40.C 41.C (十一)42.B43.C44.D45.C 》真题实战利 (-)1.D2.B3.B4.A (二)5.B 6.B7.C8.A (三)9.B10.C11.B 12.C (四)13.B14.A15.D 16.C (五)17.D 18.B19.B20.C (六)21.B22.A23.C 24.D (七)25.C 26.C27.B 28.D (八)29.D30.A31.C 32.A (九)33.C34.A 35.B36.D (十)37.A38.B39.C 40.B (十一)41.D42.B43.D44.D (十二)45.A46.C47.B 48.B (十三)49.D50.C51.B 52.C 2/2