河北衡水市安平中学2025-2026学年第二学期寒假作业检测高二英语试卷

2025-2026学年第二学期寒假作业测试高二英语学科 第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 9 Four Famous Female Scientists Katherine Johnson Katherine Johnson graduated from college -with honors -at the same age most people graduated from high school.She later applied to a program at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and earned a spot as one of the agency's human computers.One of Katherine's most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin When Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became the first woman to receive a PhD from Harvard's Radeliffe College,no one knew how much her doctoral paper would change the world of science.Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium (contradicted the main theory of the time,and some of the day's leading scientists openly questioned her findings.It would take more than a decade for another scientist to reach the same conclusion. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner is one of only two women to have an element named in her honor -the element with the atomic number 109 is called meitnerium She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term"nuclear fission ()in a published paper.During her career,she discovered what causes the Auger Effect,explained how nuclear fission works, and uncovered the element protactinium () Grace Hopper Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages.She began her career in computing and worked on the Harvard Mark I computer program Later,she created the first program that translated code into machine language,and also developed the COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language)programming language. 1.What was a notable contribution made by Katherine Johnson? A.She obtained a PhD degree at Harvard. B.She developed a programming language. C.She clarified the mechanism of nuclear fission. D.She worked out the routes for major space missions. 2.Whose finding regarding stars met with resistance from premier scientists? A.Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin's. B.Grace Hopper's. C.Lise Meitner's. D.Katherine Johnson's. 3.What do Lise Meitner and Grace Hopper have in common? A.They found novel elements. B.They graduated from Harvard. C.They were groundbreaking in their respective fields. D.They were wholly engaged in computer-related work. B Jessica Burks'home is full of opportunities.Packaged slime (in a variety of colors and pleasant smells lines one wall of the living room,and,in the designated "slime room" workspace in the back,bottles of fragrance oil are arranged in rows,next to glue and an industrial-size kitchen mixer. But it's not the amount of slime in Burks'house that shocks people,she said.It's that her 15-year-old daughter,Samantha Zumwalt,is in charge of their enterprise ()The mother-daughter team runs Samantha's Slime Shop at home and the demand for their products helps them earn six figures a year.Samantha's slime,offered in a rainbow of colors and a range of textures ()is in high demand.Since she started her business,she's made more than 24,000 sales on Etsy.The customers are generally young-between 9 and 12 years old,Burks said,though some adults and teens buy slime,too.Some customers buy Samantha's slime because they say playing with it is calming.Others want it because it gives them something to do with their hands. Last year,Nichole Jacklyne,a social media blogger,who reviews slime and provides DIY lessons for hundreds of thousands of followers,reviewed Samantha's product in a video.After Jacklyne' s video,orders poured into Samantha's shop,Burks said. However,Samantha's mom was initially resistant to the girl's slime ambitions.It took months for Samantha to convince her mom to buy the key materials to make slime."I told her no for months, Burks said.Finally,Burks gave in.She had been laid off from her job as an accountant,and the two dove into the slime business.Now,Burks is proud of Samantha for running the slime business, "I hope she can meet all of her business goals -whether that's still running the slime enterprise, or buying another business out,or starting a new business,she said."Whatever her dreams are...is where I want her to be. 4.Why does the author specifically describe Jessica Burks'home in Paragraph 1? 2 A.To stress the amount of slime there. B.To introduce Samantha's slime business. C.To present how special her home is. D.To show the business opportunities of slime. 5.What do we know about Samantha's slime from the text? A.It only wins popularity with kids. B.Social media contributes greatly to its sales. C.All adults buy it just for recreation. D.It helps Samantha get more followers on the Internet. 6.How does Jessica Burks'attitude to Samantha's slime business change? A.Disapproving-Supportive B.Doubtful-0bjective. C.Worried-Favorable. D.Negative→Cautious 7.What is the passage mainly about? A.Playing with slime puts people at ease.B.Samantha promotes her slime online. C.Samantha's slime business is a success.D.Jessica Burks quits to run her slime business. C If you look around your city,you might spot girls wearing hanfu in subways or people wearing T-shirts with Chinese characters on the streets.A new trend is taking hold in China-guochao, or "China-chic". The term characterizes the rise of China's native fashion trends.It has expanded the concept of "Made in China",which has been recognized as the representation of Chinese culture and aesthetics (offered by homegrown Chinese brands. China-chic came into the spotlight in 2018.Before that,big-name foreign companies,such as NIKE,ADIDAS and PUMA,dominated the world market.But that year,Chinese sportswear brand Li-Ning changed things up.During the 2018 New York Fashion Week,Li-Ning introduced its Taoism-inspired Wu Dao collection.The collection not only had a trendy look,but also included elements of traditional Chinese culture.It immediately grabbed attention at home and abroad. As a result,the company recorded 20 percent profit growth in 2018,marking the first time the brand's revenue had hit the 10-billion-yuan mark since its founding. The trend to embrace domestic brands has since spread rapidly to various sectors and products, from food and drinks to clothing,mobile phones and electric vehicles.For example,White Rabbit, whose sweet candy brings back childhood memories for many,launched its perfume and lip balm "We want White Rabbit to be a brand that young people want to share,said Shen Qinfeng,the company s marketing manager. 3 Now,the guochao trend is moving to the next stage,where its success will rely,first and foremost,on gaining cultural confidence rather than Western recognition."according to Kerra Zhou,founder of brand strategy consultancy Kerrisma.No matter how the guochao trend develops, there's one thing that won't change:Behind the craze is people's positive attitude toward the country's development and their recognition of growing confidence in national culture,added Zhou. 8.What's the function of Paragraph 1? A.To introduce a new trend in China. B.To highlight the popularity of guochao. C.To describe a common scene on the street. D.To show Chinese brands beat foreign companies. 9.Which of the following statements about guochao is correct? A.Li-Ning stimulated the development of guochao. B.Guochao is a new trend popular throughout the world. C.Guochao refers to people's preference for ancient culture. D.It's before 2018 that guochao had received great attention. 10.What may Kerra Zhou agree with? A.Chinese is still following the western trend. B.Guochao's success relies on western recognition. C.National pride arouses the passion for guochao. D.Cultural awareness is the key to winning market share. 11.Which can be a suitable title for the text? A.The Popularity of Native Brands B.The Boom of China-chic C.The Recognition of National Culture D.The Root of Guochao D A 23-year-old British woman has invented a product that she hopes will one day take the place of single-use plastic.The new product is made by combining fishing waste and algae ()Lucy Hughes created the material,called MarinaTex,for her final year project at the University of Sussex.She continued her research after she left the university. On November 13,the James Dyson Foundation announced that Hughes was the international winner of the 2019 James Dyson Award for design.MarinaTex is edible,meaning it can be eaten without danger.Hughes says it also is strong and stable.But unlike plastic,MarinaTex breaks down in four to six weeks under normal conditions and does not pollute the soil The inventor said she is concerned about the growing amounts of plastics in ocean waters. She noted one report that there would be more plastic than fish in the world's oceans by the year 2050.The United Nations estimates that 100 million tons of plastic waste has already been left in the oceans.Hughes also was investigating ways to reduce the amount of waste from the fishing industry.The industry produces an estimated 50 million tons of waste worldwide each year, UN officials say.Hughes told Reuters that she was "trying to work out how I could use the waste stream and add value to that waste.Examining fish parts left over from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did not harm the environment. To create a strong material,.Hughes added the molecule chatoyant(猫眼石)，which comes from sea creatures like crabs,and agar,a material from red algae.After months of testing,Hughes produced a strong,flexible sheet that forms at temperatures below 100 degrees Celsius.Inventor James Dyson said that MarinaTex is "stronger,safer and much more sustainable"than the plastic polyethylene ()It is also easier to break down than other possible replacement products for polyethylene,the material that single-use plastic bags are made of. Hughes will receive about $41,000 in prize money as the first place winner of the James Dyson Award.She told Reuters that she plans to use the money to better develop the product and ways to mass produce it. 12.When did Lucy Hughes create MarinaTex? A.After graduation. B.At university. C.Before going to university. D.After winning the James Dyson Award. 13.What's true about MarinaTex? A.It is environmentally friendly. B.It is delicious and cheap. C.It is a type of plastics. D.It exists for a long time in nature. 14.What helped to give her the idea for MarinaTex? A.Observing the process of fishing. B.Studying different parts of a fish. C.Examining left-over fish parts after cooking. D.Checking waste from the fishing industry 15.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A.Entertainment. B.Education. C.Technology. D.Lifestyle. 第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sports:More Than Fun -A Help for Body and Mind For high school students,balancing study and life can be challenging.Many feel stressed or low on energy,but there's a simple solution:sports.16From physical healthy to mental strength,sports offer benefits that go far beyond the playground. 5 First,sports keep your body in good shape.17 It also strengthens your muscles and bones,which is especially important as you're still growing.Without regular exercise,you might feel tired easily or get sick more often -problems that can slow down your studies. _18When you're stuck on a difficult math problem or worried about an exam,stress can build up quickly.Sports help you let go of that stress.When you exercise,your brain releases endorphins,a kind of chemical that makes you feel happy and relaxed.This clear mind can make it easier to focus on your homework later. Team sports,like volleyball or soccer,teach you valuable social skills too.You'1l learn to listen to your teammates'advice,share your own ideas,and work together to win a game. _19These skills aren't just for sports-they'1l also help you in group projects at school or even future jobs. Finally,sports build your confidence and perseverance.Setting small goals,like running 800 meters faster or scoring a goal,pushes you to work hard.20 In short,sports are more than just a way to have fun.They help you stay active and healthy. So why not choose a sport you enjoy and make it part of your daily life? A.They help you stay active and healthy. B.This not only improves your fitness. C.Sports are also a great way to reduce stress. D.When you reach that goal,you'1l feel proud. E.You have to communicate and cooperate with others. F.After a short workout,you'll feel more relaxed and focused. G.They can help you stay healthy,reduce stress,and build skills. 第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the past my first reaction to anything was always "yes".I was the friend who always agreed to last-minute plans,the co-worker who took on21_tasks,and the family member who_22everything,from the menu to the transportation.My constant busyness seemed like an23,but deep down,I felt tired out and my relationships began to suffer.I24 something needed to change.My journey towards saying "no"wasn't a__25_transformation, but a slow process of learning to set healthy boundaries () At first,saying“no”was far from easy..I struggled with guilt(内疚)and the-_26_ of disappointing others.But over time,I understood that a "no"wasn't just__27_,it 6 was a statement of my own needs and limitations.I began by28_unnecessary tasks and unplanned gatherings,and I paired my refusals with29_like proposing a new time for the meeting.The outcome was unexpected yet30_-most people were understanding and appreciative of my_31_. This32_allowed me to prioritize commitments that truly matched my values.I started saying“no”to events that wore me out and“yes”to moments that__33__.Setting boundaries not only nurtured(滋养)my well-being but__34_my relationships.Saying“no”is not about refusing others:it is about__35_oneself.It is a powerful tool for living a life of purpose, balance and genuine connection. 21.A.similar B.extra C.familiar D.basic 22.A.missed B.valued C.doubted D.planned 23.A.adventure B.idea C.honor D.excuse 24.A.recognised B.regretted C.agreed D.promised 25.A.formal B.positive C.sudden D.temporary 26.A.method B.opinion C.change D.fear 27.A.rejection B.reflection C.reaction D.risk 28.A.accounting for B.turning down C.taking over D.sorting out 29.A.explanations B.assumptions C.remarks D.alternatives 30.A.rewarding B.lasting C.flexible D.understandable 31.A.calmness B.forgiveness C.honesty D.assistance 32.A.participation B.shift C.judgment D.interest 33.A.mattered B.repeated C.followed D.worked 34.A.studied B.deepened C.displayed D.compared 35.A.proving B.believing C.respecting D.educating 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The ci poetry of the Song Dynasty,36_(consider)one of China's greatest literary achievements,flourished between the 10 and 13th centuries.Unlike earlier Tang poems,ci poems _37_(write)to fit existing tunes,which allowed poets greater freedom to express their deepest emotions through carefully chosen words and vivid imagery. Famous poets such as Su Shi and Li Qingzhao,_38__works represented the peak of Song Dynasty literature,not only mastered the ci form perfectly,39_established standards for later generations.Su Shi's heroic works often described splendid landscapes and ambitious ideals, while Li's delicate poems focused on40___(person)sorrows and the changing seasons. > To fully appreciate ci,readers must understand its unique rhythm patterns called cipai,which determine41_number of characters per line.Scholars have studied these complex patterns for centuries,and many universities now offer_42_(course)analyzing their musical and literary qualities. In modern times,ci continues to inspire new artistic creations.Many musicians have found creative ways to adapt ci poetry into beautiful songs,bringing this classical art form _43wider audiences.The charm of ci has crossed national borders.An increasing number of international scholars are_44(enthusiastic)translating these elegant poems into different languages,thus45_(help)people around the world better understand and appreciate the profound Chinese cultural heritage. 第三部分应用文写作（满分20分） 假定你是李华，你校英文校报新开了"Campus Upgrade Tips'"栏目，向学生征集校园环境优化创意。请给该栏 目进行投稿，推荐一项具体方案，内容包括： 1.说明改造做法： 2.说明理由。 注意： 1.写作字数应为80个左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 高二年级寒假作业测试答案 【A篇解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四位著名女科学家。 1. D细节理解题。根据第一段“One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969.(凯瑟琳最重要的工作之一是计算1961年美国首次载人航天飞行和1969年阿波罗登月的路径)”可知，凯瑟琳·约翰逊的重要贡献之一是为重要的太空任务计算飞行路径，故选D。 2. A细节理解题。根据Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin部分中“Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium (氦) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings.(她关于恒星主要由氢和氦组成的结论与当时的主流理论相矛盾，一些当时的顶尖科学家公开质疑她的发现)”可知，Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin关于恒星的结论遭到了顶尖科学家的反对。故选A。 3. C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term “nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper.(她是德国第一位物理学教授，也是第一位在发表的论文中使用“核裂变”一词的科学家)”以及最后一段“Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages.(格蕾丝·霍珀因其在计算机编程语言开发方面的开创性工作而闻名)”可知，莉莎·迈特纳和格蕾丝·霍珀的共同之处是在各自领域都是先驱，故选C。 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了15岁女孩Samantha Zumwalt和母亲Jessica Burks一起经营黏土生意，并且取得了成功的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Jessica Burks’ home is full of opportunities. Packaged slime (黏土) in a variety of colors and pleasant smells lines one wall of the living room, and, in the designated “slime room” workspace in the back, bottles of fragrance oil are arranged in rows, next to glue and an industrial-size kitchen mixer. (Jessica Burks的家中充满了各种可能。客厅的一面墙上整齐排列着包装好的、颜色各异且散发着宜人气味的黏土，而在后面那个专门的“黏土工作室”里，一排排香精油瓶子旁边放着胶水和一个工业级别的厨房搅拌器)”以及第二段中“But it’s not the amount of slime in Burks’ house that shocks people, she said. It’s that her 15-year-old daughter, Samantha Zumwalt, is in charge of their enterprise (企业). The mother-daughter team runs Samantha’s Slime Shop at home and the demand for their products helps them earn six figures a year. (但她说，让人们感到震惊的并非Burks家的黏土数量。令人震惊的是，她15岁的女儿Samantha Zumwalt是她们企业的负责人。这对母女在家经营着“Samantha黏土店”，产品的需求量帮助她们每年赚取六位数的收入)”可推知，作者在第一段详细描述Jessica Burks的家中摆满黏土材料和制作工具的场景是为了引出第二段“Samantha的黏土生意”这一核心内容。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Last year, Nichole Jacklyne, a social media blogger, who reviews slime and provides DIY lessons for hundreds of thousands of followers, reviewed Samantha’s product in a video. After Jacklyne’s video, orders poured into Samantha’s shop, Burks said. (Burks说，去年，社交媒体博主Nichole Jacklyne专门测评黏土产品，还为自己数十万粉丝提供手工制作教程。去年，她在一个视频中测评了Samantha的产品。视频发布后，大量订单涌入了Samantha的店铺)”可知，社交媒体对Samantha的黏土销量起到了极大的推动作用。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, Samantha’s mom was initially resistant to the girl’s slime ambitions. It took months for Samantha to convince her mom to buy the key materials to make slime. “I told her no for months,” Burks said. Finally, Burks gave in. (然而，Samantha的妈妈最初对这个女孩的黏土事业持抵制态度。Samantha花了好几个月才说服妈妈购买制作黏土的关键材料。Burks说：“我拒绝了她好几个月。”最后，Burks妥协了)”以及“Now, Burks is proud of Samantha for running the slime business(现在，Burks为Samantha经营黏土生意感到骄傲)”可推知，Jessica Burks对女儿Samantha的黏土生意的态度从最初的不赞成转变为后来的支持。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“The mother-daughter team runs Samantha’s Slime Shop at home and the demand for their products helps them earn six figures a year. Samantha’s slime, offered in a rainbow of colors and a range of textures (质地), is in high demand. (这对母女在家经营着Samantha黏土店，产品的需求量帮助她们每年赚取六位数的收入。Samantha的黏土颜色丰富多彩，质地各异，需求量很大)”可知，文章主要讲述了15岁女孩Samantha Zumwalt和母亲一起经营黏土生意，并且取得了成功的故事。因此，“Samantha’s slime business is a success (Samantha的黏土生意很成功)”准确概括了文章的中心主旨。故选C项。 【C篇】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国潮在我国兴起，国家的快速发展和国人对文化的自信促进了国潮的繁盛。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“If you look around your city, you might spot girls wearing hanfu in subways or people wearing T-shirts with Chinese characters on the streets. A new trend is taking hold in China — guochao, or “China-chic”.(如果你环顾一下你的城市，你可能会在地铁里看到穿汉服的女孩，或者在街上看到穿着汉字T恤的人。一种新的趋势正在中国形成——国潮)”可知，本段引出话题，介绍中国服装出现了一个新的潮流趋势。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But that year, Chinese sportswear brand Li-Ning changed things up. During the 2018 New York Fashion Week, Li-Ning introduced its Taoism-inspired Wu Dao collection. The collection not only had a trendy look, but also included elements of traditional Chinese culture. It immediately grabbed attention at home and abroad.(但那一年，中国运动服装品牌李宁改变了现状。在2018年纽约时装周期间，李宁推出了以道教为灵感的五道系列。该系列不仅外观时尚，还包含了中国传统文化的元素。它立即引起了国内外的关注)”可知，李宁运动服推动了国潮的发展。故选A项。 10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“No matter how the guochao trend develops, there’s one thing that won’t change: Behind the craze is people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their recognition of growing confidence in national culture, added Zhou.(周补充说，无论国潮趋势如何发展，有一件事是不会改变的：在这股热潮的背后，是人们对国家发展的积极态度，以及对民族文化日益增强的信心的认可)”可知，Kerra Zhou认为民族自豪感激发了人们对于国潮的热情。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new trend is taking hold in China — guochao, or “China-chic”.(一种新的趋势正在中国形成——国潮)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了国潮在我国兴起，国家的快速发展和国人对文化的自信促进了国潮的繁盛。由此可知，“国潮的繁荣”可以作为文章标题。故选B项。 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了23岁的英国女性发明了一种有望取代一次性塑料的环保产品。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Lucy Hughes created the material, called MarinaTex, for her final year project at the University of Sussex.(Lucy Hughes在Sussex大学完成最后一年的学业时，创造了这种名为“MarinaTex”的材料。)”可知，Lucy Hughes在上大学时创造了MarinaTex。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But unlike plastic, MarinaTex breaks down in four to six weeks under normal conditions and does not pollute the soil.(但与塑料不同，MarinaTex在正常条件下四到六周就能分解，且不会污染土壤。)”可知，与塑料不同的是，MarinaTex在正常情况下会在4到6周内分解，不会污染土壤，由此可知，MarinaTex是环保的，故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Examining fish parts left over from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did not harm the environment.(检查鱼类加工后剩余的部分，帮助她产生了发明一种既实用又不会危害环境的材料的想法。)”可知，检查渔业废料让Lucy Hughes产生了发明MarinaTex的想法，故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“A 23-year-old British woman has invented a product that she hopes will one day take the place of single-use plastic.(一位23岁的英国女性发明了一种产品，她希望有朝一日该产品能取代一次性塑料制品。)”可知，本文主要介绍了23岁的英国女性发明了一种有望取代一次性塑料的环保产品，这属于技术范畴，因此文章最有可能出现在报纸的技术版块，故选C。 七选五【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. E 20. D 【原文】本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了体育运动对高中生而言不仅是娱乐方式，更在身体健康、缓解压力、培养社交技能、建立自信与毅力等方面具有重要作用，呼吁高中生将喜欢的运动纳入日常生活。 【16题详解】 本题在第一段段中。由它前面一句“Many feel stressed or low on energy, but there’s a simple solution: sports. (很多高中生感到压力大或精力不足，但有一个简单的解决办法：运动)”和下一句“From physical health to mental strength, sports offer benefits that go far beyond the playground.(从身体健康到心理韧性，体育运动带来的好处远不止于运动场)”可知，本空要承接上文的“运动是解决办法”，并引出下文的“运动多方面好处”，G项“它们能帮助你保持健康、缓解压力并培养技能”能承上启下，而且主语They指代上文的sports。故选G。 【17题详解】 本题在第二段段中。根据它前面一句“First, sports keep your body in good shape.(首先，运动能让你的身体保持良好状态)”以及后面一句“It also strengthens your muscles and bones, which is especially important as you’re still growing.(它还能增强你的肌肉和骨骼，这对你仍在发育的身体来说尤为重要)”可知，本空要承接上文的“保持身体状态”，并与下文的“增强肌肉骨骼”形成递进关系，B项“这不仅能提升你的体能”能衔接上下文，而且主语This可以指代上文的“sports keep your body in good shape”，且该选项中的“not only”与下文的“also”构成“不仅……而且……”的递进结构，具体说明运动对身体的第一层好处（提升体能），再引出第二层好处（增强肌肉骨骼）。故选B。 【18题详解】 本题在第三段首句。根据下文“When you’re stuck on a difficult math problem or worried about an exam, stress can build up quickly. Sports help you let go of that stress.(当你被一道数学难题困住或担心考试时，压力会迅速累积。运动能帮助你释放这种压力)”可知，本空要作为本段主旨句，概括“运动能缓解压力”这一核心内容，C项“运动也是缓解压力的好方法”能总领全段，符合题意。该选项中的also承接上文第一段提到的physical health，表示这是运动的另一大好处，且该选项中的reduce stress与下文的let go of that stress完全呼应。故选C。 【19题详解】 本题在第四段段中。由它前面一句“Team sports, like volleyball or soccer, teach you valuable social skills too. You’ll learn to listen to your teammates’ advice, share your own ideas, and work together to win a game.(排球、足球等团队运动也能教会你宝贵的社交技能。你会学会倾听队友的建议、分享自己的想法，并为了赢得比赛而共同努力)”以及后面一句“These skills aren’t just for sports — they’ll also help you in group projects at school or even future jobs. (这些技能不仅适用于运动——它们还会在学校的小组项目甚至未来的工作中帮助你)”可知，本空要进一步阐释团队运动所需的社交技能，E项“你必须与他人沟通协作”能衔接上下文，该选项中的others对应teammates，与下文的These skills相呼应，说明这类社交技能的核心内涵。故选E。 【20题详解】 本题在第五段结尾。由它前面的句子“Finally, sports build your confidence and perseverance.Setting small goals, like running 800 meters faster or scoring a goal, pushes you to work hard.(最后，运动能培养你的自信和毅力。设定一些小目标，比如更快地跑完800米或进一个球，会激励你努力奋斗)”可知，本空要承接设定小目标并努力，说明达成目标后的结果，D 项“当你达成那个目标时，你会感到自豪”能自然衔接，符合题意。该选项中的that goal指代上文的small goals。故选D。 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者从习惯性说“是”到学会拒绝的转变过程，强调设立界限对自我关爱和人际关系的重要性。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾是那个总是能爽快答应临时安排的计划的朋友，是那个承担额外工作任务的同事，也是那个会精心规划一切（从菜单到交通安排）的家庭成员。A. similar相似的；B. extra额外的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. basic基本的。根据前文“In the past, my first reaction to anything was always “yes”.(过去，我对任何事情的第一反应总是“好的”。)”和本句中“I was the friend who always agreed to last-minute plans,”可知，作者过去总是习惯答应别人的各种请求，包括一些临时安排的计划和工作，所以应该也包括承担一些额外的工作任务。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾是那个总是能爽快答应临时安排的计划的朋友，是那个承担额外工作任务的同事，也是那个会精心规划一切（从菜单到交通安排）的家庭成员。A. missed错过；B. valued珍惜；C. doubted怀疑；D. planned计划、规划。根据句中“I was the friend who always agreed to last-minute plans, the co-worker who took on  tasks,”和“from the menu to the transportation”可知，作者习惯承担各种额外的工作和任务，所以应该也会为家人从菜单到交通安排、事无巨细地规划各种事情。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不断的忙碌看起来像是荣誉，但内心深处，我感到筋疲力尽，我的人际关系开始受到影响。A. adventure冒险、奇遇；B. idea想法；C. honor荣誉；D. excuse借口。根据前面可知，作者过去习惯为家人、朋友和同事承担各种额外的工作和任务，因此看上去会得到他们的感谢和认可，是一种荣誉。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有些事情需要改变。A. recognised承认、意识到；B. regretted后悔、遗憾；C. agreed同意；D. promised承诺。根据前文“but deep down, I felt tired out and my relationships began to suffer(但内心深处，我感到筋疲力尽，我的人际关系开始受到影响)”可知，作者内心深处对自己的处境感到很疲惫和担忧，因此他意识到了需要做出一些改变了。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我说“不”的过程并不是突然的转变，而是一个学习设定健康边界的缓慢过程。A. formal正式的；B. positive肯定的；C. sudden突然的；D. temporary临时的。根据“but a slow process”可知，作者说“不”的过程是很缓慢的，不是突然的转变。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我内心充满了内疚感，同时又害怕会让他人失望。A. method方法；B. opinion观点；C. change变化；D. fear担心、害怕。根据前文“At first, saying “no” was far from easy.(起初，说“不”远非易事。)”和句中的“guilt”可知，作者过去习惯答应别人的各种请求，所以一开始拒绝别人非常不容易，心里会有内疚感，会担心让别人失望。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，我明白了，“不”不仅仅是一种拒绝，它还是对自我需求和界限的声明。A. rejection拒绝；B. reflection反映、反射；C. reaction反应；D. risk风险。根据前文“At first, saying “no” was far from easy.(起初，说“不”远非易事。)”可知，这里的“no”指的对别人的要求说“不”，也就是拒绝别人。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始拒绝一些不必要的任务和计划外的聚会。A. accounting for解释、占比；B. turning down拒绝；C. taking over接管；D. sorting out分类。作者明白了说“不”的重要性，所以他以拒绝一些不必要的任务和计划外的聚会开始作出改变。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且我的拒绝还配了其他选择，比如提出重新安排会议时间。A. explanations解释；B. assumptions假设；C. remarks言论；D. alternatives替代选择、可供选择的事物。根据“like proposing a new time for the meeting”可知，作者在拒绝不必要的任务和计划外聚会的同时，还会提出像重新安排会议时间这样的其他替代选择。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果出乎意料却又很有收获——大多数人都理解并欣赏我的诚实。A. rewarding值得的、有收获的；B. lasting持久的；C. flexible灵活的；D. understandable可以理解的。根据“most people were understanding and appreciative of my 　　.”可知，作者学会拒绝后的结果是大多人都理解并欣赏作者的诚实，所以是很有收获、很值得的。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果出乎意料却又很有收获——大多数人都理解并欣赏我的诚实。A. calmness冷静、平静；B. forgiveness原谅；C. honesty诚实；D. assistance帮助。根据前文“it was a statement of my own needs and limitations(它还是对自我需求和界限的声明)”可知，作者会根据自己的需求和界限，对他人的要求诚实地选择接受或拒绝，所以大多数人会认可并欣赏这种诚实。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种转变使我能够优先考虑真正符合我的价值观的承诺。A. participation参加；B. shift转变、改变；C. judgment判断；D. interest兴趣、利益。根据前文“In the past, my first reaction to anything was always “yes”.(过去，我对任何事情的第一反应总是“好的”。)”和“I began by 　　 unnecessary tasks and unplanned gatherings,(我开始拒绝一些不必要的任务和计划外的聚会。)”可知，作者由过去的对任何事情都说“好的”，到后来拒绝一些超出自己需求和界限的事情，这是一种转变。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始对那些让我疲惫不堪的事情说“不”，对重要的时刻说“好的”。A. mattered重要、要紧；B. repeated重复；C. followed跟随；D. worked工作、起作用。根据前文“This  allowed me to prioritize commitments that truly matched my values.(这种转变使我能够优先考虑真正符合我的价值观的承诺。)”可知，作者会优先考虑符合自己价值观的事情并給予承诺，即对有价值的、重要的时刻说“好的”。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：设定界限不仅培养了我的幸福感，而且加深了我的人际关系。A. studied学习、研究；B. deepened加深、深化；C. displayed展示；D. compared比较。根据前文“but deep down, I felt tired out and my relationships began to suffer(但内心深处，我感到筋疲力尽，我的人际关系开始受到影响)”可知，作者过去对凡事都答应，不仅感到身心疲惫，人际关系也受到了不好的影响。而在学会适当拒绝后，不仅感受到了健康幸福，人际关系应该也越来越好，越来越深化。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：说“不”不是拒绝他人，而是尊重自己。A. proving证明；B. believing相信；C. respecting 尊重、尊敬； D. educating教育。根据前文“it was a statement of my own needs and limitations(它还是对自我需求和界限的声明)”和后文“It is a powerful tool for living a life of purpose, balance and genuine connection.(它是过上充满目标、平衡和真诚联系生活的有力工具。)”可知，说“不”实际是遵从于自己的真实需求和界限，让自己过上有意义的幸福生活的有力工具，是对自己的负责和尊重。故选C。 36. considered 37 were written 38. whose 39. but 40. personal 41. the 42. courses 43. to 44. enthusiastically 45. helping 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宋词的发展及影响。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：宋词被认为是中国最伟大的文学成就之一，在10 至13世纪蓬勃发展。句中已有谓语动词“ flourished”，故空处需填非谓语动词。“The ci poetry of the Song Dynasty”与“consider”之间为被动关系（宋词 “被认为”），故用过去分词作后置定语。故填considered。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：与早期的唐诗不同，宋词是为适配现存曲调而创作的，这让诗人能通过精心挑选的文字和生动的意象更自由地表达内心深处的情感。空处缺谓语动词，“ci poems”与“write”为被动关系（词 “被写”），且描述宋代的历史事实，用一般过去时。主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were written。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：像苏轼和李清照这样的著名诗人，他们的作品代表了宋代文学的巅峰，不仅完美掌握了词的形式，还为后世树立了标准。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Famous poets”，关系词在从句中作“works”的定语，指 “诗人的作品”，用whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 【39题详解】 考查并列连词。句意同上。“not only...but (also)...”固定搭配，表递进关系，also可省略。故填 but。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：苏轼的豪放作品常描绘壮丽山河与雄心壮志，而李清照的婉约词则聚焦个人哀愁与季节变迁。修饰名词“sorrows”需用形容词，“person”的形容词形式为 personal（个人的）。故填personal。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：要充分欣赏宋词，读者必须理解其独特的韵律模式 “词牌”，它决定了每行的字数。“the number of + 复数名词” 表示“…… 的数量”，为固定搭配；“the number of characters” 在此特指词牌规定的字数。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查名词单复数。句意：学者们研究这些复杂的模式已有数百年，如今许多大学开设课程分析其音乐性和文学性。“course”为可数名词，“many universities”表明课程不止一门，用复数形式。故填 courses。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：许多音乐家创造性地将宋词改编为优美的歌曲，将这一古典艺术形式带给更广泛的观众。“bring sth. to sb.”表示 “把某物带给某人”，为固定搭配。故填to。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：越来越多的国际学者正热情地将这些典雅的诗词翻译成不同语言，从而帮助世界各地的人们更好地理解和欣赏深厚的中国文化遗产。修饰动词 “translating”需用副词，“enthusiastic”的副词形式为enthusiastically。故填enthusiastically。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。“thus” 后接分词作结果状语，“scholars are translating”与“help”为主动关系，用现在分词。故填helping。 A Campus Upgrade Tip I would like to propose adding corner culture walls in the corridors. We can place them at the L-shaped corners of corridors on each floor. As for design, one section can display students' calligraphy, paintings and short essays about campus life; another can share quotes from famous scholars or essential knowledge points. Besides, a small interactive area can be designed, where students post notes sharing insights into personal growth or study tips. Such culture walls will not only refresh the corridor's look but also let students experience the cultural charm of the campus in daily walks. I truly believe these corner culture walls will bring fresh vitality to our campus. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $