Unit 1 Past and present 单元词汇和语法过关卷- 2025-2026学年译林版八年级下册英语

译林版（2024）八年级下册Unit 1 Past and present 词汇和语法过关卷 姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 考号：__________ 一、单选题（每题1分，共20分） 1．The musician sings _________ beautifully that I am _________ lost in it. A．so; certainly B．such; quickly C．so; smoothly D．such; completely 2．Great changes ________ in our city over the past five years. A．have been taken place B．have taken place C．was taken place D．took place 3．Now people can get around by bus, by the underground or on shared bikes. Transport is much more ________. A．convenient B．slow C．difficult D．crowded 4．He ________ live in a small village, but now he lives in a big city. A．used to B．is used to C．was used to D．uses to 5．—I think the rise of Shenzhen is simply because of China’s Reform and Opening-up Policy. —________ The citizens’ hard work and creativity also play an important role. A．You’re completely right. B．That’s not the whole story. C．I can’t agree more. D．That’s all right. 6．The number of cars is larger than before, which caused the roads of the city are getting ________. A．the more crowded B．less and less crowded C．more and more crowded D．the less crowded 7．He drove________ to get to the airport on time but he finally failed. A．in a low speed B．at a low speed C．at a high speed D．in a high speed 8．The school is active in its drive ________ students to form a good habit of reading. A．to encourage B．encourage C．encouraging D．encouraged 9．Our school library provides us with ________ useful information on science and technology. A．a wealth of B．a wealthy of C．a number of D．quite a few 10．The pioneering spirit, ________ the hard work of Shenzhen’s citizens, has led to the city’s great success. A．as well as B．as well C．together with D．both A and C 11．—Have you finished your homework ______? —Yes, I have ______ finished it. A．already; yet B．yet; already C．yet; yet D．already; already 12．—Tom, our class will hold an environmental protection activity. What do you think is the key to making it successful? —I believe reducing waste and saving resources is _________ this activity. A．at the end of B．at the heart of C．at the cost of D．at the back of 13．—Tim, I remember you ________ London several years ago. —Yes, we ________ London for three years. A．left; have left B．left; have been away from C．have left; are away from D．have left; have been away from 14．We ________ each other ________ we were primary school students. A．have known; for B．knew; since C．have known; since D．know; from 15．________, scientists have made great progress in space research. A．In the past B．Since five years C．For recent years D．In the past few years 16．—Is Tom at home? —No, he ________ to the park. He ________ there an hour ago. A．has gone; went B．has been; went C．went; has gone D．went; has been 17．They ________ the bridge for two years. They will finish it next month. A．have built B．have been building C．built D．build 18．She ________ the book for three days. She ________ it from the library last Monday. A．has kept; borrowed B．has borrowed; kept C．kept; borrowed D．borrowed; kept 19．I ________ just ________ a letter from my pen friend in America. A．am; receiving B．did; receive C．will; receive D．have; received 20．—________ you ever ________ to Nanjing? —Yes, I ________ there last year. A．Have; been; went B．Have; gone; went C．Did; go; have been D．Did; be; went 二、词汇，根据汉语提示或首字母提示，写出单词的适当形式完成句子。（每空1分，共35分） 1．The museum is both fun and __________ (有教育意义的) for children. 2．The car __________ (工业) is very important to the economy of this city. 3．Taking the high-speed rail is a ______ way to travel between these two cities. (方便的) 4．With the development of modern ______, people’s lives have become more and more convenient. (科技) 5．It will be very convenient for all ________ (市民) to travel around the city. 6．They want to use ________ (电动的) buses for public transport. The bus is a great innovation for a cleaner future. 7．Cars running on electricity are getting more ________ (普遍的), which is good for environmental protection. 8．The robots’ dance Yangge Bot has both modern ________ (技术) and Chinese culture. 9．The s_________ part of the city is famous for its beautiful beaches. 10．The bus is always c________ during rush hour. 11．With the rapid d________ of AI, many people are used to chatting with smart robots. 12．The government has taken action to i________ the situation. 13．The train can reach a maximum s______ of 350 kilometers per hour. 14．She received an e________ grade on her science project. 15．In the morning, markets are c________ which shows that people prefer to buy fresh vegetables and meat. 16．My grandpa likes living in the ________ (south) part of China. 17．—Henry, why do you look so tired? —I’ve had a lot of late nights ________ (recent). 18．My father is a TV ____（report）and works long hours every day. 19．If you don’t talk to your parents about your problems, you will ____ (certain) feel worse. 20．In the city, Jiefang Street is the ________(wide) of all. 21．The street artist is really ________ (create) and has ________ (create). 22．What would happen if there is no ________. (electric) 23．The man is one of the most important ________ (guest) at the party. 24．How about ________ (walk) to the park and having a rest there? 25．People used to ________ (live) in small houses, but now many people live in big apartments. 26．—________ you ever ________ (eat) Beijing Roast Duck? —Yes, it’s delicious. 27．The factory ________ (produce) 1,000 cars in the past month. 28．—________ you ________ (see) the new film? —Yes, I have. I saw it yesterday. 29．We are trying to ________ (改善) our life. 30．I have never seen you ________ (自……以来) three years ago. 31．At the start of new term, our school gives the ________ (荣誉) of “top student” to those who work hard and show kindness to others. 32．His __________ (开拓性的) work in space exploration made him famous . 三、完成句子（共20分） 1．如今，它正引领着从“中国制造”向“中国创造”的转变。 Today, it is ________ ________ ________ from “Made in China” to “Created in China”. 2．这座城市的开拓精神，加上市民的辛勤劳动和创造力，无疑是深圳成功的关键。 The city’s ________ spirit, together with the hard work and ________ of its citizens, is certainly the ________ to Shenzhen’s success. 3．创新植根于这座城市的核心 Innovation lies ________ ________ ________ ________ the city. 4．这位年轻的科学家从一个著名的国际组织那里获得了一个奖项。 The young scientist _______ _______ _______ _______ a famous international organization. 5．这一举动深深地感动了吴家。作为回报，他们决定做同样的事情。 This act ______ ______ the Wu family. In return, they ______ ______ ______ the same thing. 6．这个书架太重了，你能帮我搬到窗边，再把那盆花放在上面吗？ This bookshelf is too heavy. ________ you help me ________ it to the window and ________ the flower pot on it? 四、阅读还原（有一项多余，每空2分，共10分） My hometown used to be a small and quiet village. 1.______ Now, it has become a modern and busy town. Great changes have taken place here. In the past, people lived in small and old houses. 2.______ There are also many new roads and tall buildings. The streets are wide and clean. 3.______ In the past, people mainly travelled by bike or on foot. Now, there are many cars, buses and even underground trains. It is very convenient for people to go out. The environment has also improved a lot. 4.______ Now, there are many trees and flowers along the roads. The air is fresh and the water is clean. People’s lives have become better and better. 5.______ They can also enjoy more colourful activities in their free time. A. Now, most of them live in new and comfortable flats. B. In the past, the air was not fresh and the river was dirty. C. However, some things will never change. D. The transport has also changed a lot. E. People can get better education and medical care now. F. The government has done a lot to improve people’s lives. 五、语法填空（每空1分，共10分） My hometown is a small town in the south of China. It has changed a lot in the last twenty years. In the past, it was a poor town with 1 (few) tall buildings. The roads were narrow and the transportation was inconvenient. People 2 (make) a living by farming. They lived a simple life and there were not many entertainment. Now, great changes 3 (take) place in my hometown. Many tall buildings have been built and the roads have become 4 (wide) and cleaner. There are many cars and buses running on the roads. People’s living conditions 5 (improve) a lot. Most people have moved into new houses. They can enjoy many kinds of entertainment, such as watching movies, going to the supermarket and so on. Many people have left the countryside and 6 (move) to the city to find better jobs. But some people still live in the countryside. They 7 (build) new houses and their life is becoming better and better. The air in the countryside is still fresh and the scenery is still beautiful. I 8 (live) in my hometown for twenty years. I have seen all the changes. I am proud of my hometown. I 9 (believe) that my hometown 10 (become) more and more beautiful in the future. 六、完形填空（每空1分，共15分） Yan Wenjiao is from Manle Village, Yunnan Province. 1 Ma Liang with the Magic Brush in the old Chinese story, he changed his hometown into a magic world with 5,000 square metres of murals (壁画). His story began in July 2015. When Yan 2 to his hometown for the summer vacation, he drew the characters for “Manle” on the 3 of his house. Passing villagers began to take notice. Seeing the positive response, Yan 4 a Dai auspicious (吉祥的) animal on another wall of his house. This time, more villagers came to take a 5 . Some people found Yan’s murals beautiful and asked him to paint for them. Yan gladly agreed without asking for 6 , only accepting material costs. At the same time, he found that there were many 7 walls in Manle. Some were dirty, and others were broken. He 8 that they could become excellent canvases (画布). And then he did a bit of 9 . While he was painting, the villagers often stopped and watched; some 10 helped Yan apply (涂) colours. In June 2018, Yan decided to return home 11 he finished his studies at Hubei Institute of Fine Arts instead of staying in the city. “To me, going to college was not to leave 12 home but to come back better prepared,” Yan said. Yan created a series of murals and ground paintings in every corner of the 13 . “The dirt and mess are gone, 14 every day it feels like we are living in a painting,” said Yan Yan, one of the villagers of Manle. In 2022, Manle was 15 a “provincial beautiful village” and a “city-level tourism demonstration village” in Yunnan. Tourists came to the village, making it into a popular place. 1．A．As B．Like C．With D．For 2．A．moved B．led C．returned D．sent 3．A．wall B．picture C．ground D．ceiling 4．A．saw B．found C．cut D．painted 5．A．look B．rest C．walk D．note 6．A．help B．advice C．pay D．line 7．A．dead B．small C．new D．old 8．A．agreed B．heard C．realized D．remembered 9．A．cleaning B．shopping C．writing D．running 10．A．still B．even C．always D．only 11．A．until B．before C．while D．after 12．A．his B．their C．my D．your 13．A．room B．house C．village D．city 14．A．and B．but C．or D．though 15．A．started B．named C．minded D．written 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版（2024）八年级下册Unit 1 Past and present词汇和语法过关卷 答案+完整解析 一、单选题（每题1分，共20分） 1 A ①so...that...结构：so后接副词/形容词，such后接名词短语，beautifully是副词，用so；②副词辨析：certainly（确实）贴合“沉浸其中”的语义 completely（完全地）虽为副词，但代入后语义过于绝对，不符合语境 2 B ①take place：不及物动词短语，无被动语态；②时态：over the past five years是现在完成时标志，主语复数用have taken place 注意happen/take place均无被动，不可说be taken place 3 A 形容词辨析：根据“公交、地铁、共享单车出行”，选convenient（方便的） 反义形容词：slow（慢的）、difficult（困难的）、crowded（拥挤的）均与句意相反 4 A used to do sth.（过去常常做某事，现在不做了）；be used to doing sth.（习惯于做某事），根据“现在住大城市”选used to 区分：used to后接动词原形，be used to后接动名词 5 B 情景交际：上句片面评价深圳崛起，下句补充原因，选That’s not the whole story.（事情并非全然如此） I can’t agree more. = 我完全同意，与语境相反 6 C 比较级：crowded是多音节形容词，比较级为more and more crowded（越来越拥挤） the more...the more...是“越……越……”，需有前后比较对象，本题无此结构 7 C 固定搭配：at a high speed（以高速）、at a low speed（以低速）；根据“想准时到机场”选high speed speed前的形容词用high/low，不用fast/slow 8 A 非谓语：the drive to do sth.（做某事的举措），动词不定式作后置定语修饰drive 介词后接动名词，但本题是不定式作定语，非介词搭配 9 A 短语辨析：a wealth of（大量的），后接不可数/可数名词复数，information是不可数名词；a wealthy of为错误表达（wealthy是形容词） a number of/quite a few后只接可数名词复数，information不可数，故排除 10 D 连词/短语辨析：as well as/together with连接并列成分，谓语与前面主语一致；as well是副词短语，不能连接成分 as well放句末，意为“也”，如He can sing as well. 11 B 现在完成时标志词：yet用于否定句/疑问句，already用于肯定句 两者均放助动词后、实义动词前 12 B 固定搭配：at the heart of（是……的核心），贴合“减浪费、节资源是活动核心”的语义 at the cost of（以……为代价），易被误选，需结合语义判断 13 B ①时态：several years ago是一般过去时，用left；②延续性动词：for three years是时间段，短暂性动词leave需替换为have been away from 短暂性动词（leave/borrow/buy）不可与时间段连用，需转换为延续性形式 14 C 现在完成时：since后接一般过去时句子，主句用现在完成时；for后接时间段 本题since后是句子we were primary school students，故选have known 15 D 现在完成时时间状语：In the past few years（过去几年里）是标志；In the past接一般过去时；since five years是错误表达（应为since five years ago） in recent years（最近几年）也可接现在完成时，需注意正确表达形式 16 A ①have gone to（去了某地，未回来）；have been to（去过某地，已回来），根据“不在家”选has gone；②an hour ago是一般过去时，用went 注意：have gone to后不可接地点副词（home/here/there），需用have gone 17 B 现在完成进行时：have been building（从过去开始，持续到现在还在进行），贴合“建了两年，下个月完工”的语境 现在完成时（have built）表动作已完成，与“下个月完工”矛盾 18 A ①延续性动词：for three days是时间段，borrow（短暂性）替换为have kept（延续性）；②last Monday是一般过去时，用borrowed keep是延续性动词，可与时间段连用，过去分词为kept 19 D 现在完成时：just（刚刚）是标志，谓语用have received just now（刚才）是一般过去时标志，注意区分just和just now 20 A ①have been to（去过某地），根据答语选Have; been；②last year是一般过去时，用went 疑问句中ever（曾经）是现在完成时标志，本题省略ever，需结合语境判断 二、词汇（每空1分，共35分） 1. educational（形容词，作表语，“有教育意义的”） 2. industry（名词，the car industry“汽车工业”） 3. convenient（形容词，修饰way，“方便的”） 4. technology（名词，modern technology“现代科技”） 5. citizens（名词复数，all后接可数名词复数，“市民”） 6. electric（形容词，修饰buses，“电动的”） 7. common（形容词，get more common“变得更普遍”） 8. technology（名词，与Chinese culture并列，“技术”） 9. southern（形容词，修饰part，“南部的”，首字母大写） 10. crowded（形容词，be crowded“拥挤的”，首字母大写） 11. development（名词，the rapid development of AI“人工智能的快速发展”，首字母大写） 12. improve（动词，take action to do sth.“采取行动做某事”，to后接原形，首字母大写） 13. speed（名词，a maximum speed“最高速度”，首字母大写） 14. excellent（形容词，修饰grade，“优秀的”，首字母大写） 15. crowded（形容词，be crowded“拥挤的”，首字母大写） 16. southern（形容词，修饰part，“南部的”） 17. recently（副词，作时间状语，“最近”） 18. reporter（名词，a TV reporter“一名电视台记者”） 19. certainly（副词，修饰动词feel，“肯定地”） 20. widest（形容词最高级，of all是最高级标志，wide的最高级） 21. creative; creativity（第一空形容词，“有创造力的”；第二空名词，“创造力”，作宾语） 22. electricity（名词，no后接名词，“电”） 23. guests（名词复数，one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数，“客人”） 24. walking（动名词，How about doing sth.“做某事怎么样？”，about是介词） 25. live（动词原形，used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”） 26. Have; eaten（现在完成时，ever是标志，主语you，eat的过去分词eaten） 27. has produced（现在完成时，in the past month是标志，主语the factory为单数） 28. Have; seen（现在完成时，答语Yes, I have.提示用助动词Have） 29. improve（动词原形，try to do sth.“努力做某事”，to后接原形） 30. since（连词，“自……以来”，后接过去时间点，引导现在完成时） 31. honour（名词，the honour of“……的荣誉”） 32. pioneering（形容词，修饰work，“开拓性的”） 三、完成句子（共20分） 1. encouragement; makes; hopeful; learning 解析：①“鼓励”用名词encouragement（不可数）；②make sb. + 形容词，主语不可数，谓语用makes；③hopeful（充满希望的）；④about是介词，后接动名词learning。 2. In; past; have; taken; place 解析：①In the past 40 years（过去40年里），现在完成时标志；②take place（发生）无被动，主语复数用have taken place。 3. used; to; work; is; in; charge; of 解析：①used to work（过去常常工作）；②be in charge of（掌管/经营），主语he用is。 4. Technology; innovation; key; success; giants; leading; change; industries 解析：①Technology innovation（科技创新）；②the key to success（成功的关键）；③tech giants（科技巨头）；④leading the change of industries（引领产业变革，现在进行时）。 5. Since; 1980s; developed; amazing; speed; become; symbol 解析：①Since the 1980s（自从20世纪80年代以来）；②developed at an amazing speed（以惊人的速度发展，现在完成时）；③become a symbol of（成为……的象征，现在完成时）。 6. got; certificate; honour; because; of 解析：①got a certificate of honour（获得荣誉证书，一般过去时）；②because of（因为），后接名词短语his excellent grades（because后接句子）。 四、阅读还原（有一项多余，每空2分，共10分） 答案：1.F 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.E； 1. F：前句“家乡曾是安静小村庄”，后句“现在是现代化城镇”，F项“政府做了很多改善人们生活的事”解释变化的原因，衔接上下文。 2. A：前句“过去住小旧房子”，A项“现在大多数人住新的舒适公寓”形成今昔对比，符合语境。 3. D：后句介绍“过去步行/骑车，现在乘公交/开车”，D项“交通也发生了很大变化”是本段主旨句，总领下文。 4. B：前句“环境改善很多”，后句“现在道路有花草、空气清新”，B项“过去空气不清新、河水很脏”今昔对比体现环境变化，衔接自然。 5. E：前句“人们生活越来越好”，E项“人们能得到更好的教育和医疗服务”是生活变好的具体体现，与后句“休闲活动更丰富”构成并列。 五、语法填空（每空1分，共10分） 答案：1.few 2.made 3.have taken 4.wider 5.have improved 6.moved 7.are building 8.have lived 9.believe 10.will become 1. few：修饰可数名词复数tall buildings，few（很少的）贴合“过去是贫穷小镇，几乎没有高楼”的语境（a few表“一些”，与语境相反）。 2. made：介绍过去的生活，用一般过去时，make的过去式made。 3. have taken：take place（发生）无被动，结合“从过去到现在的变化”，用现在完成时，主语复数用have taken。 4. wider：and连接并列成分，cleaner是比较级，故wide也用比较级wider（更宽的）。 5. have improved：“生活条件改善”是从过去到现在的变化，用现在完成时，主语复数用have improved。 6. moved：and连接并列谓语，前面是have left（现在完成时），故move也用过去分词moved。 7. are building：“建新房”的动作现在正在进行，用现在进行时，主语they用are building。 8. have lived：for twenty years（二十年）是时间段，用现在完成时，主语I用have lived。 9. believe：表达现在的观点，用一般现在时，主语I用动词原形believe。 10. will become：in the future（在未来）是一般将来时标志，用will become。 六、完形填空（每空1分，共15分） 答案：1.D 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.D 1. However：前句“有些人仍住家乡”，后句“其他人一年只回一两次”，表转折（Besides/Moreover表递进，So表结果）。 2. search for：固定搭配search for work（找工作），贴合“离开农村去城市”的语境（find后直接接宾语，无需for）。 3. among：后接三者及以上（these指数百万离开农村的人），between后接两者。 4. much：修饰不可数名词time，not find much time（没有太多时间）（many/few修饰可数名词复数，little表“几乎没有”，语义过绝对）。 5. return：固定搭配return home（回家），贴合“过去至少一年回一次家”的语境。 6. time：前句“没有太多时间回家”，本句递进“只是没有时间”，上下文均围绕“时间”展开。 7. interest：固定搭配show great interest in（对……表现出极大兴趣），贴合人们对家乡变化的态度。 8. teachers：后文提到“小学建新房”，故城市的优秀老师被派去帮忙，贴合上下文语境。 9. notice：李大明注意到家乡的变化（新医院、新道路、人才支援），贴合“观察到现象”的语义。 10. old：后句“要建新学校”，说明现在的教学楼很旧，形成对比（new与句意相反）。 11. developments：新医院、新道路、即将建的新学校，都是家乡的发展成果（competitions比赛/ inventions发明/ communications交流，均与语境不符）。 12. always：“家乡不能总是保持不变”，贴合“事物在发展”的主旨（seldom很少/never从不/sometimes有时，语义不符）。 13. tree：后句“喜欢在大树下玩”，说明学校前有一棵古老的大树，上下文语境呼应。 14. our：前句“我和朋友们”，故是“我们的童年”，人称一致。 15. sweet：and连接并列形容词，soft（温馨的），故用sweet（甜蜜的），sweet memories（甜蜜的回忆）（sad/bad/bitter均为贬义词，与语境相反）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $