Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题（短文填空专项练习12篇） - 2025-2026学年译林版八年级下册英语

译林版(2024)八年级下册Unit 1 Past and present短文填空专项练习 答案+解析 基础练习 （A）语法填空 1. for 解析：固定搭配be famous for，意为“因……而出名”。 2. creativity 解析：形容词性物主代词its后接名词，create的名词形式为creativity（创造力，不可数）。 3. industries 解析：high-tech后接名词，industry为可数名词，此处表泛指用复数形式industries（产业）。 4. used 解析：固定搭配used to do，意为“过去常常做某事”。 5. However 解析：前句说“过去是小渔村”，后句说“发展迅速”，表转折，首字母大写。 6. at 解析：固定搭配at an amazing speed，意为“以惊人的速度”。 7. giants 解析：many后接可数名词复数，giant（巨头）的复数为giants。 8. innovation 解析：形容词digital后接名词，innovate的名词形式为innovation（创新，不可数）。 9. to 解析：固定搭配the key to…，意为“……的关键”。 10. looking 解析：and连接并列结构，与stopping形式一致，用现在分词looking。 （B）语法填空 1. lived 解析：时间状语Ten years ago表过去，用一般过去时。 2. was 解析：there be句型的主谓一致，one small school为单数，且表过去，用was。 3. went 解析：描述过去的行为，用一般过去时。 4. used 解析：固定搭配used to do，意为“过去常常做某事”。 5. had 解析：描述过去的经历，用一般过去时。 6. am living/live 解析：时间状语Now表现在，可用现在进行时或一般现在时。 7. has changed 解析：表“从过去到现在的变化”，用现在完成时，主语the town为单数。 8. or 解析：表选择，“公交车、火车或地铁”，用or。 9. am studying/study 解析：描述现在的学习状态，可用现在进行时或一般现在时。 10. Living 解析：此处作主语，用动名词形式，首字母大写。 （C）首字母填空 1. over 解析：固定搭配over the years，意为“这些年来”。 2. past 解析：固定搭配in the past，意为“在过去”。 3. used 解析：固定搭配used to do，意为“过去常常做某事”。 4. taken 解析：固定搭配take place（发生），现在完成时用taken。 5. turned 解析：固定搭配turn into（变成），现在完成时用turned。 6. from 解析：固定搭配from time to time，意为“时不时”。 7. pollution 解析：根据后句“河水不如以前干净”，可知是污染（pollution）变严重，不可数名词。 8. take 解析：固定搭配take action，意为“采取行动”，情态动词must后接动词原形。 9. all 解析：固定搭配all the time，意为“一直”。 10. for 解析：固定搭配for ever，意为“永远”。 （D）首字母填空 1. foot 解析：固定搭配on foot，意为“步行”。 2. crowded 解析：结合语境，过去的公交车通常很拥挤（crowded），形容词作表语。 3. train 解析：结合语境，长途旅行坐长途汽车或火车（train），与coach并列。 4. different 解析：前句说过去，后句说现在，表“不同的”，用different。 5. cycle 解析：or连接并列结构，与walk形式一致，用动词原形cycle（骑自行车）。 6. underground 解析：结合语境，城市里的交通方式，the underground意为“地铁”。 7. cities/countries 解析：结合语境，去其他城市/国家旅行，用复数形式。 8. plane 解析：根据very long distances（非常远的距离），可知是坐飞机（plane）。 9. comfortable 解析：and连接并列结构，与efficient（高效的）并列，用comfortable（舒适的）。 10. differs 解析：固定搭配differ from（与……不同），主语transport为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数differs。 进阶练习 （A）语法填空 1. public 解析：固定搭配the public，意为“公众，民众”，集体名词。 2. southern 解析：修饰名词village，用形容词southern（南方的）。 3. completely 解析：修饰动词changed，用副词completely（彻底地）。 4. used 解析：固定搭配used to do，意为“过去常常做某事”。 5. muddy 解析：and连接并列结构，与narrow（狭窄的）并列，用形容词muddy（泥泞的）修饰roads。 6. Recently 解析：作时间状语，用副词Recently（最近），首字母大写。 7. tourists 解析：动词brought后接宾语，tourism的名词形式tourist（游客），用复数表泛指。 8. hopeful 解析：固定搭配be hopeful about，意为“对……充满希望”，形容词作表语。 9. opinion 解析：固定搭配in one’s opinion，意为“在某人看来”。 10. villager 解析：one后接可数名词单数，villager（村民）。 （B）语法填空 1. an 解析：exchange以元音音素开头，表“一名交换生”，用不定冠词an。 2. moved 解析：since引导的时间状语从句，用一般过去时。 3. first 解析：定冠词the后接序数词，first（第一）。 4. for 解析：固定搭配pay for sth，意为“为某物付款”。 5. easier 解析：much修饰比较级，easy的比较级为easier。 6. and 解析：连接send和receive，表并列，“发送和接收”。 7. makes 解析：主语Cashless payment为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数makes。 8. problems 解析：some后接可数名词复数，problem的复数为problems。 9. work 解析：情态动词might后接动词原形work（工作，运行）。 10. me 解析：介词with后接人称代词宾格me。 （C）首字母填空 1. speaking 解析：固定搭配hear sb doing sth，意为“听到某人正在做某事”，speak Chinese（说中文）。 2. walking 解析：介词After后接动名词，walk into（走进）。 3. same 解析：固定搭配the same things，意为“同样的事情”。 4. products 解析：结合后文的中国食物、中国品牌，可知是中国产品（products），用复数表泛指。 5. common 解析：结合语境，中国食物在西方国家很常见（common），形容词作表语。 6. with 解析：结合后句“西方人不喜欢”，可知中国人喜欢吃带骨头的肉，with（带有）。 7. provide 解析：结合语境，中餐馆提供（provide）无骨的大块肉，主语为复数，用动词原形。 8. popular 解析：结合语境，一些中国品牌变得更受欢迎（popular）。 9. made 解析：固定搭配be made in，意为“在……制造”。 10. thought 解析：In the past表过去，用一般过去时thought（认为）。 （D）首字母填空 1. reporter 解析：根据from the newspaper，可知是记者（reporter），a后接单数。 2. slowly 解析：修饰动词opened，用副词slowly（慢慢地）。 3. takes 解析：固定句型It takes sb some time to do sth，主语it为单数，用takes。 4. tried 解析：现在完成时have后接过去分词tried（尝试）。 5. During 解析：结合语境，2022年期间，用During（在……期间），首字母大写。 6. started 解析：in 2017表过去，用一般过去时started（开始）。 7. average 解析：固定搭配average delivery time，意为“平均配送时间”。 8. less 解析：than表比较，用比较级less，指时间更短。 9. only 解析：固定搭配only a few，意为“只有少数”。 10. lead 解析：固定搭配take the lead，意为“领先”。 挑战练习 （A）语法填空 1. have done 解析：So far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语scientists为复数。 2. heavily 解析：修饰动词influences，用副词heavily（极大地）。 3. because 解析：表原因，“这是因为音乐记忆储存在大脑的‘安全区域’”。 4. during 解析：结合语境，“在这些年里我们听的音乐”，during（在……期间）。 5. an 解析：artwork以元音音素开头，表“一件艺术品”，用不定冠词an。 6. connected 解析：固定搭配be connected with，意为“与……有联系”。 7. creates 解析：主语Music为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数creates（产生）。 8. will come 解析：when引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时。 9. sadness 解析：定冠词the后接名词，sad的名词形式为sadness（悲伤，不可数）。 10. younger 解析：结合语境，“你年轻时更艰难的时光”，用比较级younger（更年轻的）。 （B）语法填空 1. traditional 解析：修饰名词clothes，用形容词traditional（传统的）。 2. included 解析：At first表过去，用一般过去时included（包含）。 3. manager 解析：结合语境，“东仓鼓乐社的经理”，manager（经理），a后接单数。 4. for 解析：后接时间段over 1,000 years，用介词for。 5. to make 解析：不定式作目的状语，“为了让古乐更有趣”。 6. have got 解析：up to now（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语they为复数。 7. because 解析：表原因，“许多家长联系我们，因为他们想让孩子学古乐”。 8. a 解析：sign为可数名词单数，very以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 9. their 解析：固定搭配in one’s 20s/30s，意为“在某人二三十岁时”，用形容词性物主代词their。 10. mostly 解析：修饰介词短语from music schools，用副词mostly（主要地）。 （C）首字母填空 1. history 解析：结合语境，“有悠久的历史（history）”，不可数名词。 2. cut 解析：不定式to后接动词原形cut（剪，雕刻）。 3. hand 解析：固定搭配by hand，意为“手工”。 4. protect 解析：不定式to后接动词原形protect（保护）。 5. create 解析：不定式to后接动词原形create（创造）。 6. culture 解析：结合语境，“中国文化（culture）的象征”，不可数名词。 7. generations 解析：future后接名词，generation（一代），用复数表“后代”。 8. products 解析：结合语境，“创造独特的产品（products）”，用复数表泛指。 9. hot 解析：固定搭配become hot among，意为“在……中流行”。 10. future 解析：结合语境，“更光明的未来（future）”。 （D）首字母填空 1. used 解析：固定搭配used to do，意为“过去常常是”。 2. shone 解析：结合语境，“像天上的星星一样闪耀”，表过去用shone（shine的过去式）。 3. imagined 解析：In the past表过去，用一般过去时imagined（想象），never imagined“从未想过”。 4. meant 解析：描述过去的情况，用一般过去时meant（意味着）。 5. government 解析：结合语境，“当地政府（government）”帮助村民搬迁。 6. shout 解析：one后接可数名词单数shout（呼喊），“一声呼喊”。 7. surprised 解析：固定搭配make sb surprised，意为“让某人惊讶”。 8. Besides 解析：结合语境，“除了奖牌之外”，用Besides（除……之外还有），首字母大写。 9. how 解析：结合语境，“询问如何（how）能玩这项运动”。 10. closely 解析：修饰动词working，用副词closely（紧密地），work closely with“与……紧密合作”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版(2024）八年级下册英语Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题 （短文填空专项练习12篇） 基础练习 （A）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shenzhen—From Fishing Town to Tech Giant Shenzhen is a world-famous city 1．_______ its 2．_______ (create) and high-tech 3．_______ (industry). It 4．_______ (use) to be a small fishing town. 5．_______, since the reform and opening-up, it has grown 6．_______ an amazing speed. The city is now home to many tech 7．_______ (giant) and is considered a pioneer in digital 8．_______ (innovate). It attracts excellent talented people from all over the world. The key 9．_______ its success? Never stopping working and always 10．_______ (look) to the future. Its streets are filled with energy, and its people are known for their hard work and forward-thinking spirit. So, just keep going and never give up. Only by this can we make a significant change and develop at a steady pace. （B）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ten years ago, I ．_______ (live) in a small town in the countryside. There 2．_______ (be) only one small school and a few shops. People 3．_______ (go) out by bike or on foot. I 4．_______ (use) to play with my friends in the field after school. We 5．_______ (have) a lot of fun. Now, I 6．_______ (live) in a big city. The town 7．_______ (change) a lot. There are many tall buildings and large supermarkets. People can take buses, trains 8．_______ subways to go anywhere. I 9．_______ (study) in a modern school with a big playground. 10．_______ (live) in the city is convenient, but I sometimes miss the quiet life in the countryside. （C） 首字母短文填空 My hometown has changed a lot 1．o_______ the years. In the 2．p_______, people lived in small and old houses. There were not many cars or buses. People 3．u_______ to walk or ride bikes to go out. Now great changes have 4．t_______ place. Tall buildings stand everywhere. People can go around by bus, underground or car. The old park has been 5．t_______ into a beautiful square. Many people take a walk there 6．f_______ time to time. However, there is a problem: the 7．p_______ is becoming more serious. The river is not as clean as before. We must 8．t_______ action to make our hometown cleaner and more beautiful. I hope we can live a happy life 9．a_______ the time and love our hometown 10．f_______ ever. （D）首字母短文填空 Transport has changed a lot over the years. In the past, most people went to school on 1．f_______ or by bike. They got around the city by bus, which were often 2．c_______. For longer trips, they travelled by coach or 3．t_______. Now, things are very 4．d_______. We have more choices. Going to school, students can take the bus, car, underground, or still walk or 5．c_______. Around the city, people use taxis, cars, buses, or the 6．u_______, which is fast and avoids traffic. To travel to other 7．c_______, we can take a comfortable coach, a modern high-speed train, or even a 8．p_______ for very long distances. These changes make travel more 9．c_______ and efficient. It’s interesting to see how transport 10．d_______ from the past to the present. 进阶练习 （A）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Green way and the Village Many cities in China are building green ways to offer the 1．_______ (public) more space for walking and cycling. In one 2．_______ (south) village, a new green way has 3．_______ (complete) changed life there. The village 4．_______ (use) to have narrow and 5．_______ (mud) roads. 6．_______ (recent), the local government built a wide and clean green way. Now, villagers can ride electric bikes conveniently. This change has brought 7．_______ (tourism) to the area. Some villagers have opened small guest houses to make a living. They are very 8．_______ (hope) about the future. “In my 9．_______ (opinion), the green way is not just a road; it’s a road to a better life,” said one 10．_______ (village). （B）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As 1．_______ exchange student, I have lived in China over the years. China has changed a lot since I first 2．_______ (move) here. One major development has been the wide use of cashless payment (无现金支付). China is hardly the 3．_______ (one) country to have cashless payment. I used a debit card (借记卡) to pay 4．_______ things without cash many years ago in the US. But now I use my phone here instead. It’s much 5．_______ (easy) and more convenient. One of the things I like best is that I can send 6．_______ receive money directly among my friends. Cashless payment 7．_______ (make) it so much easier to share the bill when we eat out together. And I can make donations simply as well. For example, I often give away money to Animal Helpers by using its QR code (二维码). But cashless payment has some 8．_______ (problem) as well. What will happen if your phone is stolen? There are also times when your phone’s mobile Internet connection might not 9．_______ (work). So even though cashless payment is convenient, I will take a bit of cash with 10．_______ (I) in order not to meet any possible trouble. （C）首字母短文填空 When riding a bike in the street, you might hear some people 1．s_______ Chinese loudly. Turning right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After 2．w_______ into a store, you see that smartphones from China are on sale. But you’re not in China—you’re in Manchester in the UK. You might see the 3．s_______ things in many other cities. Chinese 4．p_______ have been going global (全球的). Chinese food has been 5．c_______ in Western countries. To satisfy local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. For example, Chinese people like to eat meat 6．w_______ bones, but Western people don’t. So Chinese restaurants 7．p_______ big pieces of meat without bones. Some Chinese brands are also becoming more 8．p_______. Many US-owned drones (无人驾驶飞机) are from China. They’re not only 9．m_______ in China, but also designed and developed in China. In the past, most Western people 10．t_______ Chinese products were cheap and unreliable (不可靠的). But now things have changed greatly. “Made in China” becomes cool. （D）首字母短文填空 Getting a pie from the sky is becoming a reality in the city as online delivery platform Meituan has been allowed to start drone delivery service (无人机送餐服务), Shenzhen Evening News reported. At Galaxy World in Longgang District, a 1．r_______ from the newspaper watched how a meal was delivered by the drone on Thursday. The drone slowly landed and a door above the Meituan Intelligent Dining Cabinet (储藏柜) opened 2．s_______, where the drone put the meal box inside the cabinet. “It 3．t_______ about 15 minutes to place the order and receive the meal. A lot of people have 4．t_______ the drone delivery service here,” said a woman who just took her meal box out from the cabinet. 5．D_______ the year 2022, food and drinks such as noodles, fruits, coffee and milk tea and even flowers have been delivered through Meituan’s drone delivery system, the report said. The company said that as of last year, it had completed over 100,000 drone deliveries. Meituan 6．s_______ to explore (探索) drone delivery service in 2017 and started the try in early 2021. The service has an7．a_______ delivery time of 12 minutes, which is 8．l_______ than that of traditional delivery methods, according to the company. There are 9．o_______ a few cities in the world with the advantages of drone delivery service, and Shenzhen is taking the 10．l_______ in China, according to the report. However, there are still some problems with this kind of service. 挑战练习 （A）根据短文内容，在空格上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 People always say the music from their younger years is the best compared to other times. So far, scientists 1．_______ (do) some research. They have found this may be due to something called the “memory bump (记忆隆起)”. According to the research, the memory bump means that our memories from ages 10 to 30 are particularly strong. This period 2．_______ (heavy) influences our favourite books, films, and especially music. This is 3．_______ musical memories are stored in a “safe” area of the brain, which is more protected against age-related conditions. As a result, the music we listen to 4．_______ these years is often remembered more fondly (充满感情地) than music from other periods in our lives. More importantly, “music is episodic (片段的)”, Professor Robert Cutietta at the University of Southern California said. “If you look at 5．_______ artwork or something, you can look at it and leave at any time. Music is over time.” That means music is 6．_______ (connect) with episodes in your life. Music from our younger years 7．_______ (create) strong feelings, mixing happy and sad feelings when we listen to it. When the songs are related to your experiences and you listen to them again, memories of those experiences 8．_______ (come) back. Sometimes, with a change in experience, the 9．_______ (sad) you felt before when listening to a song can later turn into joy. This can explain why listening to something from a harder time in your 10．_______ (young) life can bring a sense of relief now. （B）根据短文内容，在空格上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When the evening lights are lit, a big performance opens at Xi’an’s Tang Paradise. Dressed up as people from the Tang Dynasty with 1．_______ (tradition) clothes, 20 musicians play Chinese instruments. They are members of the Dongcang Drum Music Society playing the guyue, which started in the Tang Dynasty. At first, guyue only 2．_______ (include) wind instruments and percussion instruments (打击乐器). Later, string instruments such as zheng and pipa were also added. “Guyue is our own music from ancient China,” said Qi Xingfeng, the 3．_______ (manage) of the Dongcang Drum Music Society. “It has been played 4．_______ over 1,000 years and now we add characteristics of modern performance such as stories, sound and light 5．_______ (make) guyue more enjoyable,” Qi explained. Another thing that the Dongcang Drum Music Society is doing is to spread guyue to more young people. They do live streaming (直播) for two hours every day. They 6．_______ (get) more than 725,000 followers up to now. Sometimes, they play songs from TV series and video games to show that guyue can be playful and fun too. “Many children’s parents have reached out to us 7．_______ they want their children to learn guyue. It is 8．_______ very cheerful sign to me—our ancient music is really coming back,” Qi said. Most of the members in the Society are in 9．_______ (they) 20s and 30s. Many were teenagers from local villages when they joined the Society. Then they had two years of training in the Society. Now, new members have finished their education, 10．_______ (most) from music schools. （C）首字母短文填空 Traditional Crafts: A Treasure of Chinese Culture Traditional crafts are an important part of Chinese culture. They have a long 1．h_______ and carry the wisdom of our ancestors. In the past, many people made a living by making traditional crafts. They learned the skills from their families and practiced hard for years. For example, paper-cutting artists used simple scissors to 2．c_______ beautiful patterns, and potters (陶艺家) made bowls and vases by 3．h_______. These crafts were not only useful but also works of art. However, with the development of modern industry, traditional crafts faced challenges. Many young people were not interested in learning them, and some crafts almost disappeared. In recent years, things have changed. The government has taken measures to 4．p_______ traditional crafts. Many craft exhibitions are held every year, and schools offer courses to teach students about traditional crafts. Young people have started to realize the value of these crafts. They use new ideas to 5．c_______ new designs, making traditional crafts more popular among young people. Now, traditional crafts are thriving again. They are not only sold in China but also exported (出口) to other countries. Many tourists buy traditional crafts as souvenirs (纪念品). Traditional crafts are more than just products—they are symbols of Chinese 6．c_______. We should learn about them, protect them and pass them on to future 7．g_______ . Many young designers have combined traditional crafts with modern fashion, creating unique 8．p_______   that are loved by people of all ages. For example, some brands use traditional embroidery to make clothes and bags, which have become 9．h_______among young consumers. With people’s growing interest in cultural heritage, traditional crafts will have a brighter 10．f_______ in the future. （D)首字母短文填空 Living in the Taklimakan Desert brings daily challenges, from high temperatures to awful sandstorms. For those born and raised in this area, sports 1．u_______ to be a dream. Now things are changing. When the 29th Farmers’ and Herders’ Games were held in Yutian County, Xinjiang in April, local athletes took part in competitions alongside the desert. Among them, a group of local women farmers 2．s_______ like stars in the sky, and Aygul Metohti was one of them. In the past, Aygul never 3．i_______ playing sports with friends in her village. Villagers had no all-weather roads or mobile phone signals (信号). Visiting a neighbour often 4．m_______ walking more than 10 kilometres across sandy hills. In 2019, the local 5．g_______ helped the whole village move to a better living place as part of a poverty relief (脱贫) programme. Now, the village has tidy rows of brick houses with electricity, natural gas, the internet and green trees around. On a school playground, Aygul leads the village’s first all-women Maire Ball team in their training period before the games. With one 6．s_______ from Aygul at her gate, teammates, also neighbours, gather on the playground to practise. Three years ago, the newly formed team made everyone 7．s_______ by winning the third place in the women’s Maire Ball competition at the 26th County Games. 8．B_______ medals, the sport has also helped form a fresh relationship. After matches, players share farm work, ride into town, and exchange gifts bought online. Encouraged by Aygul’s team, younger women in the village now ask 9．h_______ they can play the sport. “On the field, we move as one; off it, we are sisters.” Aygul said, “Life here can grow richer only by working 10．c_______ with each other.” In a place which was lonely in the past, playing sports is developing communication and new chances among the moving sands. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $