Unit 1 Past and present 单元重点词汇变形100题- 2025-2026学年译林版八年级下册英语

答案解析 一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式 1. excellent（优秀的，形容词，修饰名词 education，无变形） 2. world-famous（举世闻名的，复合形容词，修饰名词 artist，固定表达） 3. crowded（拥挤的，形容词，修饰名词 streets，crowd 的形容词形式） 4. industries（行业 / 工业，名词，different 后接可数名词复数，industry 的复数形式） 5. wealth（富有，名词，a wealth of 为固定搭配，意为 “大量的”） 6. common（普遍的，形容词，修饰名词 knowledge，common knowledge 为固定搭配 “常识”） 7. electric（电动的，形容词，修饰名词 cars，electric cars 为固定表达 “电动汽车”） 8. Tourism（旅游业，名词，作句子主语，首字母大写，不可数名词） 9. pioneering（开拓性的，形容词，修饰名词 work，pioneer 的形容词形式） 10. recently（最近，副词，在句中作时间状语） 11. honour（荣誉，名词，an 后接元音音素开头的可数名词单数） 12. educational（教育的，形容词，修饰不定代词 something，置其后） 13. secret（秘密，名词，the 后接名词，根据 is 可知用单数） 14. already（已经，副词，用于现在完成时的肯定句中） 15. whole（整个的，形容词，修饰名词 world，the whole world 为固定表达 “全世界”） 16. forward（向前，副词，look forward to 为固定搭配 “期待”） 17. transport（运输，名词，作句子主语，不可数名词） 18. enjoy（享受，动词，learn to do sth. 为固定搭配，后接动词原形） 19. buildings（建筑物，名词，many 后接可数名词复数，building 的复数形式） 20. improve（改善，动词，try to do sth. 为固定搭配，后接动词原形） 21. comfortably（舒适地，副词，修饰动词 lives，comfortable 的副词形式） 22. real（真实的，形容词，修饰名词 story） 23. value（珍惜，动词，should 为情态动词，后接动词原形） 24. convenient（便利的，形容词，more 后接形容词原级构成比较级，修饰 lives） 25. travel（旅行，动词，can 为情态动词，后接动词原形） 26. hard/difficult（困难的，形容词，作表语，描述过去的生活状态） 27. act（行动，动词，should 为情态动词，后接动词原形） 28. lived（居住，动词，have 后接动词过去分词构成现在完成时，live 的过去分词） 29. necessary（必要的，形容词，It's necessary to do sth. 为固定句型 “做某事是必要的”） 30. proud（自豪的，形容词，feel proud of 为固定搭配 “为…… 感到自豪”） 31. once（曾经，副词，在句中作时间状语） 32. past（过去，名词，the 后接名词，the past 为固定表达 “过去”） 33. useful（有用的，形容词，It's useful to do sth. 为固定句型 “做某事是有用的”） 34. successful（成功的，形容词，修饰名词 writer，success 的形容词形式） 35. achievements（成就，名词，great 后接名词，many/much 等修饰时用复数，achievement 的复数形式） 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. have known（since 引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，主语 we 为复数，用 have known） 2. planner（计划者，名词，a 后接可数名词单数，plan 的名词形式表 “人”） 3. hopeful（充满希望的，形容词，feel 为系动词，后接形容词作表语，hope 的形容词形式） 4. convenient（便利的，形容词，make sth.+adj. 为固定搭配 “使某物……”，convenience 的形容词形式） 5. fallen（since 引导时间状语，主句用现在完成时，have 后接动词过去分词，fall 的过去分词为 fallen） 6. having（see sb. doing sth. 为固定搭配 “看见某人正在做某事”，表动作正在进行） 7. to cut（be used to do sth. 为固定搭配 “被用来做某事”，区别于 be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”） 8. to cross（“疑问词 + to do” 为固定结构，在句中作宾语） 9. have finished（根据语境 “已经完成一半”，用现在完成时，主语 I 为第一人称，用 have finished） 10. Has; gone（根据答语 “刚离开”，用现在完成时 have gone to“去了某地（未回）”，主语 he 为第三人称单数，助动词用 Has） 11. have read（already 为现在完成时标志词，主语 I 为第一人称，用 have read，read 的过去分词与原形一致） 12. educational（教育的，形容词，修饰名词 activities，education 的形容词形式） 13. pioneering（开拓性的，形容词，修饰名词 spirit，pioneer 的形容词形式，pioneering spirit 为 “开拓精神”） 14. crowded（拥挤的，形容词，so+adj.+that 为固定句型 “如此…… 以至于……”，crowd 的形容词形式） 15. has changed（over the years 为现在完成时标志词，主语 my hometown 为第三人称单数，用 has changed） 16. Have; been（ever 为现在完成时标志词，have been to“去过某地（已回）”，主语 you 为第二人称，助动词用 Have） 17. proud（自豪的，形容词，feel proud of 为固定搭配 “为…… 感到自豪”，pride 的形容词形式） 18. useless（无用的，形容词，It's useless to do sth. 为固定句型 “做某事是无用的”，use 的反义词） 19. to relax（a way to do sth. 为固定搭配 “做某事的方法”，后接动词不定式作定语） 20. interviewer（采访者，名词，the 后接名词，根据 asked 可知指 “人”，interview 的名词形式） 21. comfortably（舒适地，副词，修饰动词 live，comfortable 的副词形式） 22. successful（成功的，形容词，修饰名词 businessman，success 的形容词形式） 23. inventor（发明家，名词，a great 后接可数名词单数，invent 的名词形式表 “人”） 24. more comfortable（舒适的，形容词，than 为比较级标志，comfortable 为多音节词，比较级为 more comfortable） 25. amazed（感到惊讶的，形容词，be amazed at 为固定搭配 “对…… 感到惊讶”，修饰人用 amazed） 26. rapidly（迅速地，副词，修饰动词 developed，rapid 的副词形式） 27. to communicate（It's important for sb. to do sth. 为固定句型 “对某人来说做某事是重要的”，后接动词不定式） 28. have taken（over the years 为现在完成时标志词，主语 great changes 为复数，take place 无被动，用 have taken） 29. has driven（twice 为现在完成时标志词，主语 he 为第三人称单数，用 has driven，drive 的过去分词为 driven） 30. Stepping（动名词作句子主语，step 的动名词形式为 Stepping，首字母大写） 31. has taught（for ten years 为现在完成时标志词，主语 she 为第三人称单数，用 has taught） 32. have; known（how long 引导特殊疑问句，答语为 for + 时间段，用现在完成时，主语 you 为第二人称，用 have; known） 33. less（更少的，形容词比较级，than 为比较级标志，little 的比较级为 less，修饰不可数名词 time） 34. didn't use（when 引导的时间状语从句为一般过去时，主句也用一般过去时，否定形式为 didn't + 动词原形） 35. walking（How about doing sth. 为固定搭配 “做某事怎么样”，后接动名词形式） 三、根据首字母提示完成句子 1. keys（根据答语 88 和钢琴常识，钢琴的 “琴键” 为 key，many 后接可数名词复数，故填 keys） 2. true（come true 为固定搭配 “实现”，指梦想成真，故填 true） 3. past（in the past 为固定搭配 “在过去”，与前文 big city 对应，故填 past） 4. proud（feel proud of 为固定搭配 “为…… 感到自豪”，故填 proud） 5. invention（根据 “让生活更便利” 和首字母 i，指 “发明”，the new 后接名词单数，故填 invention） 6. communicate（communicate with sb. 为固定搭配 “与某人交流”，can 后接动词原形，故填 communicate） 7. used（used to do sth. 为固定搭配 “过去常常做某事”，与 now 对比，故填 used） 8. waste（pour waste into 为固定搭配 “把废物倒入……”，waste 为不可数名词 “废物”，故填 waste） 9. factory（shoe factory 为固定表达 “鞋厂”，a 后接可数名词单数，故填 factory） 10. lonely（feel 为系动词，后接形容词，根据 “独自居住” 可知是 “孤独的”，lonely 表情感上的孤独，故填 lonely） 11. pollution（air pollution 为固定搭配 “空气污染”，pollution 为不可数名词，故填 pollution） 12. letters（write letters to sb. 为固定搭配 “给某人写信”，letter 为可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填 letters） 13. fresher（than 为比较级标志，air 用 fresh 修饰，fresh 的比较级为 fresher “更新鲜的”，故填 fresher） 14. ride（used to do sth. 为固定搭配 “过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形，ride bikes 为 “骑自行车”，故填 ride） 15. since（since 引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，符合语境 “自从 5 年前来中国”，故填 since） 16. speed（a maximum speed of 为固定表达 “最高速度为……”，故填 speed） 17. lead（lead sb. through 为固定搭配 “带领某人穿过……”，will 后接动词原形，故填 lead） 18. technology（modern technology 为固定表达 “现代科技”，technology 为不可数名词，故填 technology） 19. countryside（根据后文 “现在住在城市”，对比指 “乡村”，in the countryside 为固定搭配，故填 countryside） 20. busier（than 为比较级标志，traffic 用 busy 修饰，busy 的比较级为 busier “更繁忙的”，故填 busier） 21. born（be born in 为固定搭配 “出生在……”，故填 born） 22. buildings（tall buildings 为 “高楼”，no 后接可数名词复数表 “没有……”，故填 buildings） 23. differences（many 后接可数名词复数，difference 为 “不同点”，复数形式为 differences，故填 differences） 24. online（shop online 为固定搭配 “网购”，副词 online 作状语，故填 online） 25. tell（tell sb. about sth. 为固定搭配 “告诉某人关于某事”，can 后接动词原形，故填 tell） 26. hometown（根据语境 “这些年变得更大更美”，指 “家乡”，hometown 为可数名词，此处用单数，故填 hometown） 27. transport（different kinds of 后接名词，transport 为 “交通工具 / 运输方式”，不可数名词，故填 transport） 28. honour（a great honour 为固定搭配 “极大的荣誉”，honour 为可数名词，故填 honour） 29. courage（根据 “智慧和……”，and 连接并列名词，courage 为 “勇气”，不可数名词，故填 courage） 30. wide（根据前文 “过去狭窄”，对比指 “宽阔的”，wide 为形容词，作表语，故填 wide） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版（2024）八年级下册Unit 1单元重点词汇变形100题 1、 根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式。 1．Young people here receive _________ education that helps them achieve their big dreams. (优秀的) 2．A _________ artist even came to visit and praised our hometown’s beautiful scenery. (举世闻名的) 3．During holidays, the _________ streets are full of happy people enjoying their free time together. (拥挤的) 4．This change can also help different local ________ (行业，工业) to grow in a green way. 5．Thanks to the internet, we can get a ________ (富有) of learning resources. 6．It is ________ (普遍的) knowledge that the earth moves around the sun every year. 7．The government has realized how important it is to develop new energy __________ (电动的) cars. 8．__________ (旅游业) plays an important role in the local economy (经济). 9．Jane’s ________（开拓性的） work completely changed how humans view animals. 10．I have put on five pounds ________ (最近). It’s time for me to lose some weight. 11．It’s an ________ (荣誉) for me to speak in front of you, ladies and gentlemen. 12．The game show is so meaningless. I like to watch something ________ (教育的). 13．The ________ (秘密) of development is hard work. 14．We have ________ (已经) finished our homework. 15．The ________ (整个的) world is paying attention to China. 16．We should look ________ (向前) to the future. 17．The ________ (运输) is much better than before. 18．We should learn to ________ (享受) the beautiful life. 19．There are many tall ________ (建筑物) in the city. 20．We are trying to ________ (改善) our life. 21．He lives ________ (舒适地) in a big apartment. 22．The ________ (真实的) story touches our hearts. 23．We should ________ (珍惜) the happy life now. 24．The Internet makes our lives more ________ (便利的). 25．We can ________ (旅行) around the world easily. 26．Life in the past was very ________ (困难的). 27．We should ________ (行动) to protect our Earth. 28．He has ________ (居住) here for ten years. 29．It’s ________ (必要的) to protect the environment. 30．We feel ________ (自豪的) of our motherland. 31．He ________ (曾经) lived in a small house. 32．We should remember the ________ (过去). 33．It’s ________ (有用的) to help others. 34．He is a ________ (成功的) writer. 35．China has made great ________ (成就). 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1．We ________ (know) each other since we were children. 2．He is a careful _________ who always prepares for the future. (plan) 3．Local people feel _________ about the future as more good changes keep happening here. (hope) 4．The town has built modern public facilities (设备) like sports centres to make life _________. (convenience) 5．Since the new library opened last year, more children have _________ in love with reading. (fall) 6．It is common to see families _________ picnics in the park on warm and sunny weekends. (have) 7．The knife I bought yesterday is used ________ (cut) cakes. 8．The fog was so thick that I couldn’t tell when _________ (cross) the road. 9．—Are you working on the project? —Yes. I ________ (finish) half of it. I just need twenty more minutes. 10．—_________ he _________ (go) to Beijing? —Yes, he left just now. 11．—The storybook is very interesting. —I agree with you. I _________ (read) it twice already. 12．We should take part in more ________ (education) activities after class. 13．His ____________ (pioneer) spirit made all his friends surprised and proud. 14．The bus is so __________ (crowd) that I can hardly move. 15．My hometown ________ (change) a lot over the years. 16．________ you ever ________ (be) to Beijing? 17．We feel very ________ (pride) of our country. 18．It’s ________ (use) to complain without doing anything. 19．Travelling is a good way ________ (relax) ourselves. 20．The ________ (interview) asked me some difficult questions. 21．We can’t live ________ (comfortable) without clean water. 22．He is a ________ (success) businessman. 23．Edison was a great ________ (invent) who invented many things. 24．Now we enjoy a ________ (comfort) life than before. 25．We are ________ (amaze) at the fast development of our country. 26．The city has developed ________ (rapid) in the past ten years. 27．It’s very important for us ________ (communicate) with our parents often. 28．Great changes ________ (take) place in my hometown over the years. 29．The man is a green hand in driving, but he ________ (drive) to Shanghai on his own twice. 30．________ (step) into the new year fills me with the hope and courage to face the coming challenges. 31．His mother is a good teacher. She ________ (teach) in this school for ten years. 32．—How long ________ you ________ (know) your best friend? —For five years. 33．We have ________ (little) free time now than before because of too much homework. 34．She ________ (not use) a mobile phone when she was a student. 35．How about ________ (walk) to the park and having a rest there? 三、根据首字母提示完成句子。 1．— How many k________ does a piano usually have? — 88. 2．We should try our best to make our dreams come t________. 3．The big city was a small village in the p________. 4．We feel p________ of our country’s fast development. 5．The new i________ makes our life more convenient. 6．We can c________ with each other by WeChat now. 7．He u________ to be very shy, but now he is outgoing. 8．We shouldn’t pour w________ into the river. 9．There is a shoe f________ near my home. 10．He lives alone, so he sometimes feels l________. 11．There is much air p________ in big cities. 12．I used to write l________ to my pen pal, but now I use WeChat to talk with him. 13．The air in the countryside is much f________ than that in the city. 14．People used to r________ bikes to work, but now many people drive cars. 15．Jenny is very interested in traditional Chinese culture, and she has learnt it s________ she came to China 5 years ago. 16．The train can reach a maximum s______ of 350 kilometers per hour. 17．The guide will l_________ us through the forest to the waterfall . 18．Modern t_________ has changed the way we communicate. 19．My grandfather used to live in the c________, but now he lives with us in the city. 20．There are more and more cars in our city. The traffic is much b________ than before. 21．I was b________ in a small city. I lived there until I was 10 years old. 22．Ten years ago, there were no tall b________ in our town. 23．You can see many d________ between the old and new classrooms. 24．Now many people like to shop o________ instead of going to stores. 25．Can you t________ me about your life in the past? 26．My h________ has become bigger and more beautiful over the years. 27．We can take different kinds of t________ to travel around the country. 28．It is a great h______ to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of the international conference. 29．Planting trees and grass in the deserts really shows Chinese people’s wisdom and c________. 30．This road used to be narrow, but now it is very w________. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $