Unit 5 Nature’s Temper单元语法精讲精练与单元话题写作指导2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

单元语法精讲精练 单元语法精讲 过去进行时 1. 过去进行时的定义 过去进行时是表示在过去某一具体时刻正在进行着的动作，强调某一动作在过去某时正在进行。 1. 过去进行时的构成 过去进行时的谓语部分由“was/were + 现在分词”构成，was/were 作助动词。过去进行时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，将 was/were 提到句首，变否定句时在 was/were 后加上 not。 The alien was visiting the museum at that moment. Was the alien visiting the museum at that moment? (一般疑问句) The alien wasn’t visiting the museum at that moment.（否定句） 1. 过去进行时的判断 (1)一般情况下，句中用到表示具体动作且为可延续性的动词，同时句中用到表示在过去某一具体范围不大（从几分钟到半天左右）的时间状语，如at ten o’clock last night, at this time yesterday, at that time, from 7 to 9 last Sunday morning 等时，用过去进行时。 The Young Pioneers were planting trees on a hill at six o’clock yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午6点那些少先队员在小山上种树。 (2)在叙述过去差不多同时发生的两个动作，用到从属连词when或while时，如果一个动作是可延续性的表具体动作的动词，而另一个动作是不可延续性的动词，一般可延续的那个动词用过去进行时，而不可延续的那个用过去时。 While the child was playing basketball on the road, a car hit him. 当那个孩子在路上打篮球时，一辆小汽车撞了他。 1. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 过去进行时强调某一动作是在过去某时正在进行，一般用到的动词是表示具体行动，动作是可延续的，同时用到的时间状语表示的范围要小 且具体；而一般过去时对谓语动词没有限制，用到的时间状语范围不受限制，一般过去时着重表示在过去做过，基本上是一个结束了的动作。表过去状态、抽象、不表具体动作行为的动词不用过去进行时，但可以用一般过去时。 Mr. Green was mending his daughter’s bike this morning. 今天早上格林先生正在修他女儿的自行车。（强调动作正在进行） Mr. Green mended his daughter’s bike this morning. 今天早上格林先生修了他女儿的自行车。（表明动作做过，并结束了） 单元语法精练 阅读下面句子，用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. My little brother still ________ (sleep) when I (get) up yesterday morning. 1. Grandma ________ (cook) breakfast while I (wash) my face this morning. 1. Mother ________ (sweep) the floor when I leave) home. 1. The students ________ (have) a biology class when the visitors ________ (come). 1. The driver ________ (drive) home when it ________ (rain) last night. 1. Some students from Class Four ________ (play) basketball when I ________ (see) them on the playground. 1. Doctor Liu was on duty last night.He ________ still ________ talk with his patients in the hospital at 10 p.m. 1. The street seller ________ (sell) clothes when he ________ (find) a purse on the ground. 1. Mr. Wang spends a lot of time writing his novel every day. He ______ still ______ (work) at midnight last night. 1. I ________ (read) a history book when someone ________ (break) into my room. 语法拓展训练——回归教材 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（每空5分，满分100分） A How One Girl Saved Many Lives On 26 December 2004, Tilly Smith, a 10-year-old English schoolgirl, and her family were on holiday in Phuket, Thailand. Everyone 1. ________ (enjoy) the beautiful weather that morning. Some people were swimming in the sea, and some were relaxing on the beach. But while Tilly was walking along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange. Thick white froth was forming on top of the waves. Next, she saw that the waves were coming in instead 2. ________ going out. Just then, she remembered something important. Two weeks before, her geography teacher had explained that earthquakes under the sea could create 3. ________ (danger) waves called tsunamis! “I know what’s going to happen! There’s going to be a big wave,” Tilly cried. Unfortunately, her family didn’t believe her and wanted to continue 4. ________ (they) walk. However, Tilly refused 5. ________ (take) a single step further. Finally, her mother decided to continue the walk alone, and the rest of her family returned to the hotel. Back at the hotel, Tilly’s father told a security guard about the tsunami. 6. ________ security guard was shocked. He knew about the huge earthquake in nearby Indonesia. It meant that a tsunami was possible! He jumped into action right away and rushed to get people off the beach. Everyone began to panic. People were screaming and running as 7. ________ (fast) as they could when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea. Tilly was right! Her mother was one of the last people on the beach, but 8. ________ (thankful), her family made it to safety just as the water hit the hotel. The 2004 tsunami caused over 200,000 deaths, but no one on the beach died that day. This true story shows how a single lesson could mean the difference between life 9. ________ death. Thanks to her knowledge and quick 10. ________ (think), one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives. B Last Friday started 1. ________ ( terrible). First, my alarm clock didn’t go off, 2. ________ I woke up late and had to rush to the bus stop. I had a test that morning, so I 3. ________ (review) my notes while I was waiting for my bus. All of a sudden, thunder rolled across the sky. Then it started to pour. The wind was too strong for me 4. ________ (use) my umbrella! 5. ________ the time the bus came, I was cold and wet. I was still worrying about the test when the bus driver said that we would be late. There 6. ________ (be) a landslide along our usual road. When I 7. ________ (final) reached my classroom, out of breath, my teacher was already waiting at the door. Many 8. ________ (other) were also late because of the rainstorm. As 9. ________ result, she said we weren’t having a test after all! What luck on my 10. ________ (lucky) day! 单元话题写作指导(Project) [单元话题分析] 本单元以“自然灾害及其影响”为核心话题，旨在引导学生探讨自然灾害如何影响人类生活。学习重点为运用过去进行时，清晰描述灾害发生时的具体情景与个人行动。通过一系列贴近生活的实践任务，学生将学习按时间顺序叙述事件经过，并融入防灾知识与个人感受，最终能够写出结构完整、细节生动的故事或报告，深刻理解自然灾害的真实影响与应对之策。 [话题写作指导] 话题词汇必备 单词必备 1. 1. earthquake 地震 1. typhoon 台风 1. wildfire野火 1. 1. snowstorm 雪暴；暴风雪 5.flood水灾；洪水 1. 1. drought 干旱；旱灾 1. warn 警告; 提醒注意 8.tsunami海啸 1. 1. preparation 准备 (工作); 预备 1. power 电力供应 1. 1. beat敲；打 1. hide 躲藏; 隐藏 1. landslide 滑坡；塌方 14.floodwater洪水 1. rescue 救援 16.volunteer志愿者 17.thunder雷声 1. rainy 阴雨的；多雨的 短语必备 1.at the time of…在……的时候 2.make preparations作准备 3.at once立刻；马上 4.as soon as 一…就 1. wake up 醒来 1. go off(警报器等) 突然发出巨响 1. all of a sudden 突然的；骤然的 8.by the time到……的时候 1. out of breath 上气不接下气 10.as a result 因此 话题句子必备 1. Luckily, we covered our windows and moved our things off the floor before the typhoon started. 幸运的是, 在台风开始之前, 我们把窗户盖上, 把东西从地板上搬了起来。 1. When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner. 邻居打来电话时，我们一家人正在吃晚饭。 1. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. 当我们开车回家的时候，刮起了大风。 1. Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe. 5000多名消防员、警察和志愿者共同努力，保护人民和他们的家园安全。 1. Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives. 由于她的知识和敏捷的思维，一个女学生能够挽救100多条生命。 1. By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires. 到八月底，他们终于扑灭了所有的大火。 [话题佳作欣赏] 话题范文必备 范文赏析 In recent years, there have been many disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, fires, and sandstorms. When there is a flood, we should get to high ground and make sure not to walk through the flood water.If an earthquake happens, we can hide under a strong desk and stay away from a window.If a fire happens, we can use a wet towel to cover our mouth and nose and stay low to the ground. Of course, we should take action to prevent future disasters. We can plant more trees and protect wild animals. We can also share some related information with others.Hope we can have a better world in the future. ①使用“there be”句型开门见山,点明主题,并通过举例让内容具体化。②使用 When 和 If 引导的状语从句,分别引出了三种不同灾害的应对措施。这种结构使文章条理清晰,读起来一目了然。③使用 “Of course” 这个过渡词,非常自然地将文章从“被动应对”提升到“主动预防”的层面,体现了思维的深度和前瞻性。④使用祈使句结尾,有效地总结了全文,并与开头描述的灾害频发现象形成对比,在读者心中留下一个积极、光明的印象。 [话题写作训练] 假设三个月前，一场飓风(hurricane)袭击了你所居住的城市。请你发挥想象，根据以下要点和要求写一篇文章，描述飓风发生时的情况，并谈谈你的感悟。 内容包括： 1. 灾难发生时，人们可以听到雷声，看到闪电；两小时后，飓风消失了。 2.在这次灾难中共有7人死亡，2400多座房屋倒塌。 1. 灾难后，人们开始互救，许多警察和消防员也来救援。 要求： 1. 语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称； 1. 词数 80—100，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 思路点拨 1. 体裁：记叙文；2. 时态：主要使用一般过去时和一般现在时；3. 人称：第一人称；4. 框架结构： [写作练习] Three months ago, a hurricane hit my city. It was a scary natural disaster. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $