Unit 8 Our Blue Planet重点知识清单 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版七年级英语下册

26春仁爱七下英语U8 Our Blue Planet重点知识清单 一、词汇认知 核心词汇 词性 释义 例句 地理名词 planet n. 行星 Earth is a blue planet. (地球是一颗蓝色星球。) ocean n. 海洋 The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean. (太平洋是最大的海洋。) land n. 陆地；土地 Water covers 71% of the earth's surface, land 29%. (水覆盖地球 表面71% ，陆地29%。) coastline n. 海岸线 China has a long coastline. (中国有漫长的海岸线。) ground n. 地面；大地 Water goes back to the ground. (水回到地面。) 度量单位 metre n. 米 The waterfall is 99 meters high. (这个瀑布99米高。) kilometre n. 千米；公里 The river is 6,671 kilometers long. (这条河6671千米长。) million num. 百万 The lake is over 25 million years old. (这个湖泊超过2500万年历 史。) billion num. 十亿 There are over 7 billion people on earth. (地球上有超过70亿 人。) 方位与方向 eastern adj. 东方的；东部的 Eastern Africa has many beautiful lakes. (东非有很多美丽的湖 泊。) inland adj./adv. 内陆的； 向内陆 Some people live in inland areas. (一些人生活在内陆地区。) north- east n./adj. 东北；东北的 The cloud floats north-east. (云向东北方向飘去。) through prep. 穿过；贯穿 The river runs through the city. (河流穿过城市。) 形容词 freshwater adj. 淡水的 Lake Baikal is a freshwater lake. (贝加尔湖是淡水湖。) large adj. 大的；大量的 China is a large country. (中国是一个大国。) deep adj./adv. 深的；深深地 The ocean is very deep. (海洋很深。) 动词 form v. 形成；组成 Water drops form clouds. (水滴形成云。) turn into v. 变成 Water turns into ice. (水变成冰。) cover v. 覆盖 Ice covers most of Antarctica. (冰覆盖了南极洲的大部分。) ( 二、短语积累 ) 短语 中文释义 例句 on the earth 在地球上 Water is everywhere on the earth. in North America 在北美洲 Niagara Falls is in North America. run through 贯穿；流经 The Nile runs through eastern Africa. because of 因为； 由于 We call it a blue planet because of the water. a lot of 许多；大量 We have a lot of water on earth. come from 来自 Rain comes from clouds. every day 每天 The sun shines every day. turn off 关闭 Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. water cycle 水循环 The water cycle is very important. take a shower 洗澡；淋浴 I take a quick shower every day. reuse water 重复利用水 We should learn to reuse water. living things 生物 All living things need water. do washing 洗衣服 She helps her mother do washing. by water 通过水路 Some people travel by water. go up 上升 Water goes up into the sky. worry about 担心 Don't worry about water. make a difference 有影响；起作用 Let's make a difference together. more than 超过；多于 The lake is more than 25 million years old. 三、句型归纳 描述地理特征 句型 结构 例句 描述长度 It is...kilometers long. It is 6,671 kilometers long. 描述高度 It is...meters high. It is a 99-meter-high waterfall. 描述深度 It is...meters deep. The ocean is over 4 kilometers deep. 描述宽度 It is...meters wide. The river is very wide. 描述历史 It is...years old. It is over 25 million years old. 描述位置 It runs through/in... It runs through eastern Africa. 询问信息 句型 用途 例句 How long...? 询问长度 How long is the river? How high...? 询问高度 How high is the mountain? How deep...? 询问深度 How deep is the ocean? How old...? 询问年龄/历史 How old is the lake? 水循环相关 句型 例句 On sunny days, water goes up... On sunny days, water goes up into the sky. Water forms clouds. Water drops form clouds. Water turns into... Water turns into ice crystals. Water falls everywhere. Rain falls everywhere. There is water everywhere. There is water everywhere on earth. 节水与环保 句型 例句 As we all know,... As we all know, water is very important. We can only use... We can only use about 1% of water. Let's save... Let's save every drop of water. Don't... Don't waste water. / Don't litter here. Turn off...when... Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. 四、语法重点 1. 复合形容词 复合形容词由数字+名词+形容词构成，用连字符连接，名词用单数形式。 结构 例句 注意 数字+名词+形容词 a 99-meter-high waterfall meter用单数 ，不用meters a 6,671-kilometer-long river kilometer用单数 a 10-year-old boy year用单数 a 3-hour meeting hour用单数 易错点提示： • 复合形容词中名词必须用单数： ✗ a 99-meters-high waterfall ✓ a 99-meter-high waterfall • 复合形容词中必须用连字符： ✗ a 99 meter high waterfall ✓ a 99-meter-high waterfall 2. 数字与大数词 数字 写法 读法 例句 6671 6,671 six thousand six hundred and seventy-one The river is 6,671 km long. 25,000,000 25 million twenty-five million The lake is 25 million years old. 1,000,000,000 1 billion one billion There are over 7 billion people. ( 数字表达规则： • 英语数字 每三位用逗号分隔 ：6,671 ✓ • 百位和十位之间加 and ：six hundred and seve nty-one • million/thousand前有具体数字时用 单数 ：25 million ✓ • 表示概数时用 复数+of ： millions of stars（数百万 颗星星） ) 3. 度量形容词 形容词 用法 例句 long 描述长度 The river is 6,671 kilometers long. wide 描述宽度 The river is 100 meters wide. high 描述物体或抽象高度 The waterfall is 99 meters high. tall 描述人或细高物体 That boy is 1.8 meters tall. deep 描述深度 The ocean is over 4 kilometers deep. 易混点：high vs tall • high 用于物体、山脉、建筑物等： high mountain • tall 用于人、树、细高物体：tall boy, tall tree x a tall building ✓ a high building 4. through 与 across 的区别 介词 含义 用法 例句 through 穿过；贯穿 从内部穿过 The river runs through the city. across 穿过；横过 从表面穿过 Walk across the street. 记忆技巧： • through = 从中间穿过（如：森林、隧道、城市） • across = 从表面横过（如：马路、河流、桥梁）例：walk through the forest（穿过森林） 例：walk across the bridge（走过桥） 5. one of 的用法 one of 表示"……之一"，结构：one of + the + 复数名词 结构 例句 注意 one of + 复数名词 It is one of the four oceans. 名词必须用复数 She is one of my best friends. friends用复数 He is one of the tallest students. students用复数 易错点提示： • one of 后必须接复数名词： ✗ one of the ocean ✓ one of the oceans • one of 作主语时，谓语动词用单数： ✓ One of the students is my friend. 6. 祈使句 祈使句用于表示命令、请求、建议或警告，以动词原形开头。 类型 结构 例句 肯定祈使句 动词原形 + 其他 Let's save water. / Come in, please. 否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 Don't waste water. / Don't litter here. 以Let开头 Let's + 动词原形 + 其他 Let's make a difference together. ( 环保相关的祈使句： • Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. (刷牙时关掉水龙头) • Take a shower, not a bath. (洗 淋浴，不要盆浴) • Don't throw away water bottles. (不要扔掉水瓶) • Never leave the water running. (不要让水一直流着) • Let's not litter here! (我们 不要在这里扔垃圾) ) 五、语音板块 元音字母组合 字母组合 发音 例词 al /ɔ:l/ also, always, walk, talk ar /ɑ :/ start, dark, park, hard wa /wɒ/ want, watch, wash, what 辅音字母组合 字母组合 发音 例词 ch, tch /tʃ/ chess, catch, watch, match dge /dʒ/ bridge, judge, edge, fridge gu /g/ guess, guide, guitar, guest gh /f/ laugh, enough, rough, tough 六、真实生活场景对话 场景一：介绍地理知识 Teacher: Do you know the four oceans on earth? Student A: Yes. The Pacific Ocean is the largest. Student B: And the Atlantic Ocean is the second largest. Student C: The Indian Ocean is smaller. Teacher: Good! What about the Arctic Ocean? Student D: It's the smallest and the coldest. 场景二：讨论水循环 Li Ming: Where does rain come from? Wang Hua: Rain comes from clouds in the sky. Li Ming: And where do clouds come from? Wang Hua: On sunny days, water from rivers and lakes goes up into the sky. Li Ming: Then it forms clouds? Wang Hua: Yes! When the water gets cold, it forms clouds. Li Ming: I see! That's the water cycle. 场景三：节约用水 Mom: Don't leave the water running while you brush your teeth! Tom: Sorry, Mom. I forgot. Mom: We need to save every drop of water. Tom: Why? Mom: Because water is very important. We can only use about 1% of water on earth. Tom: Oh, I understand. I'll turn off the tap next time. Mom: Good boy! Every drop counts! 七、环保意识培养 自 为什么水如此重要？ • 地球表面71%是水，但只有约1%是我们可以使用的淡水 • 人体约60%是水，没有水我们无法生存 • 所有生物都需要水：植物、动物、人类 • 水用于：饮用、做饭、清洁、农业、工业等 ● 全球水资源现状 • 超过20亿人生活在缺水地区 • 很多人要走几公里去取水 • 水污染日益严重 • 气候变化影响水资源分布 θ 我们能做什么？ 在家： • 刷牙时关掉水龙头 • 洗澡用淋浴而不是盆浴 • 收集雨水浇花 • 重复利用洗菜水 • 及时修理漏水的水管 在社区： • 不向河流扔垃圾 • 参与清理河流活动 • 向他人宣传节水知识 八、重点考点解析 考点1：复合形容词 典型例题： Niagara Falls is a ______ waterfall in North America. A. 99-meters-high B. 99-meter-high C. 99 meter high D. 99 meters high 解析： 答案是 B。复合形容词的结构是：数字+名词（单数）+形容词，各部分之间用连字符连接。所以用 99-meter-high，其中 meter 必须用单数形式。 考点2：through 与 across 的区别 典型例题： The train goes ______ the tunnel. The bird flies ______ the sky. A. through; across B. across; through C. through; through D. across; across 解析： 答案是 A。through 表示从内部穿过（隧道、森林等），across 表示从表面横过（天空、马路等）。火车穿过隧道用 through，鸟飞过天空用 across。 考点3： one of 的用法 典型例题： The Pacific Ocean is one of ______ on earth. A. the four ocean B. four ocean C. the four oceans D. four oceans 解析： 答案是 C。one of 的结构是：one of + the + 复数名词。ocean 必须用复数 oceans，前面要加定冠词 the。 考点4：特殊疑问句 How long 典型例题： — ______ is the Nile River? — It's 6,671 kilometers long. A. How far B. How long C. How tall D. How high 解析： 答案是 B。询问长度用 How long。 How far 询问距离， How tall 询问高度， How high 询问高度（用于物体）。 考点5：祈使句 典型例题： ______ waste water. It's very precious. A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Doesn't 解析： 答案是 B。否定祈使句以 Don't 开头，后面接动词原形。所以用 Don't waste。 九、易错点总结 1. 复合形容词中的名词复数错误✗ a 99-meters-high waterfall ✓ a 99-meter-high waterfall 2. high 和 tall 混用 ✗ a tall building / a high boy ✓ a high building / a tall boy 3. one of 后接单数名词 x one of the ocean / one of my best friend ✓ one of the oceans / one of my best friends 4. million/thousand 的单复数错误 x 25 millions years / 5 thousands people ✓ 25 million years / 5 thousand people 注意：表示概数时用复数： millions of people 5. through 和 across 混用 x walk across the forest / swim through the river ✓ walk through the forest / swim across the river 十、跨文化交际案例 世界著名地理奇观 匾 尼亚加拉瀑布（Niagara Falls） 位于北美洲美国和加拿大交界处，高99米，是世界著名瀑布之一。 匾 尼罗河（Nile River） 世界最长河流，全长6671千米，流经东非多个国家，孕育了古埃及文明。 ▲ 贝加尔湖（Lake Baikal） 世界上最深的淡水湖，最深处达1642米，有超过2500万年历史。 ● 渤海（Bohai Sea） 中国最大的内海，位于中国东北部，是重要的海洋经济区。 不同国家的节水文化 CN 中国： • 古代修建都江堰、大运河等水利工程 • 传统农业重视节水灌溉 • 现代倡导"节约用水，从我做起" JP 日本： • 严格的垃圾分类和资源回收制度 • 重视节水技术，如节水马桶、水龙头 • 澡堂文化体现节水意识 IL 以色列： • 沙漠国家的节水典范 • 先进的滴灌技术 • 海水淡化技术世界领先 ( AU 澳大利亚： • 面临严重缺水问题 • 严格的用水配额制度 • 民众节水意识很强 ) 十一、单元重点总结 1. 核心主题 本单元主题是"Our Blue Planet"（我们的蓝色星球），围绕地球的水资源展开，学习地理知识、水循环原理以及节水环保意识。 2. 重要词汇 ( 地理类： planet, ocean, land, coastlin e, ground 度量类： metre, kilometre, million, billion, deep , wide, long, high 方位类： eastern, inland, north-east, throu gh 水循环： form, turn into, go up, cloud, rain, ice 环保类： save, reuse, protect, clean up, waste ) 3. 关键语法 • 复合形容词的构成和用法 • 大数词（million, billion）的正确使用 • 度量形容词（long, high, tall, deep, wide）的区别 • 介词 through 与 across 的辨析 • one of 的固定搭配 • 祈使句的肯定和否定形式 4. 育人价值 通过本单元学习，培养学生： • 了解地球的地理知识和水资源分布 • 理解水循环的自然规律 • 增强环保意识和节水观念 • 养成节约用水的好习惯 • 树立可持续发展的理念 • 培养全球视野和跨文化理解 十二、节水小贴士 自 每日节水小贴士 刷牙时： 关掉水龙头，用杯子接水漱口 洗澡时： 缩短洗澡时间，收集冷水用于冲厕所圜 洗衣服时： 攒够一定数量再洗，选择节水模式问 洗碗时： 不要一直开着水龙头冲洗冒 浇花时： 早晚浇水，避免中午水分蒸发 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $