Unit 3 语法专项——动词不定式与ing形式作宾语课件 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

教学课件 外研版八年级上册 Unit 3 语法专项——动词不定式与-ing形式作宾语 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 1.掌握不定式和-ing形式作宾语的核心语义差异 2.熟记只接to do、只接doing的高频动词搭配 3.区分接两种形式语义相近/差异大的动词用法 4.攻克介词后-ing、help特殊用法等易混点 5.能完成不同题型的语法综合运用题 语法核心定义 1.不定式（to do）和动名词（-ing）均可作及物动词宾语 2.核心区别体现在搭配习惯和语义侧重两方面 to do：表具体、一次性、将要发生的动作 -ing：表抽象、习惯性、已完成的动作 解题原则：先看动词固定搭配，再结合语义判断 核心用法1—只接to do作宾语的动词 此类动词侧重表达具体、将来的动作 高频必背动词：want, hope, decide, plan, try 补充必背动词：promise, agree, refuse, learn, choose 固定结构：主语 + 及物动词 + to do sth. 否定形式：主语 + 及物动词 + not to do sth. 用法1 经典例句解析 1.She hopes to visit London next month.（具体将来愿望） 2.We decided not to go out in the heavy rain.（否定决定） 3.He promised to help me with my math.（具体承诺） 4.They agree to start the project next week.（具体同意） 5.I choose to take the bus to school today.（具体选择） 核心用法2—只接-ing作宾语的动词 此类动词侧重表达习惯、抽象、完成的动作 高频必背动词：enjoy, finish, mind, practice, avoid 补充必背动词：keep, miss, suggest, dislike, risk 固定结构：主语 + 及物动词 + doing sth. 否定形式：主语 + 及物动词 + not doing sth. 用法2 经典例句解析 1.I enjoy reading novels in my free time.（习惯性动作） 2.He finished doing his homework at 8 p.m.（完成的动作） 3.We mind smoking in the classroom.（对抽象动作的介意） 4.They practice speaking English every morning.（习惯性练习） 5.She avoids meeting him on her way to school.（抽象回避） 核心用法3—接to do/ing语义基本相同 两种形式可通用，仅存在细微的语义侧重点差异 常见动词：like, love, hate, begin, start 接-ing：侧重习惯性、经常性的动作 接to do：侧重具体、一次性、特定场景的动作 日常使用中，二者可互换，不影响句意理解 用法3 对比例句解析 1.习惯：I like swimming in the river in summer. 具体：I like to swim in the pool this afternoon. 2.习惯：She hates getting up early on weekdays. 具体：She hates to get up early this Sunday morning. 用法3 重点拓展 1.当主语为事物时，后接动词只可用to do 例句：The ice began to melt when spring came. 2.当后接心理活动动词（understand/realize），只接to do 例句：I begin to understand the meaning of the word. 核心用法4—接to do/ing语义差异大（1） 核心动词1：stop stop to do：停下来去做另一件事（未做的事） stop doing：停止正在做的事（正在进行的事） 解题关键：判断动作是“要做的”还是“正在做的” stop 对比例句解析 1.He stopped to drink water.（停下走路，去喝水） 2.He stopped drinking water when his mom came in.（停止喝水） 3.They stopped to talk to the teacher.（停下玩耍，去说话） 4.They stopped talking when the bell rang.（停止说话） 小提示：to do表目的，doing表终止当前动作 核心用法4—接to do/ing语义差异大（2） 核心动词 forget； remember forget/remember to do：忘记/记得去做某事（未做） forget/remember doing：忘记/记得做过某事（已做） 解题关键：判断动作“是否已经发生” 这两个动词用法逻辑一致，可一起记忆 forget&remember 对比例句解析 1.I forgot to post the letter.（没寄信，动作未做） 2.I forgot posting the letter.（忘了寄过信，动作已做） 3.Remember to lock the door.（记得去锁门，动作未做） 4.I remember locking the door.（记得锁过门，动作已做） 小提示：未做用to do，已做用doing 核心用法4—接to do/ing语义差异大（3） 核心动词4：try；5：mean try to do：努力、设法做某事（强调尽力） try doing：尝试做某事（强调试验方法） mean to do：打算、想要做某事（表意图） mean doing：意味着做某事（表结果） try&mean 对比例句解析 1.He tried to climb the mountain.（努力爬山，尽力而为） 2.Try adding some salt, it will taste better.（尝试加盐，试验方法） 3.I mean to buy a new pen tomorrow.（打算买笔，表意图） 4.Missing the bus means waiting for another hour.（意味着等车，表结果） 易混点提醒1—介词后接-ing形式 1.注意区分“不定式to”和“介词to” 2.介词后接动词，必须用-ing形式 高频搭配：look forward to（期待）、pay attention to（注意） 高频搭配：be used to（习惯于）、devote to（致力于） 关键：判断to的词性，介词则接doing 易混点1 经典例句解析 1.We are looking forward to seeing you soon.（to是介词） 2.You must pay attention to listening to the teacher.（to是介词） 3.He is used to getting up early.（to是介词） 4.They devote themselves to helping the poor.（to是介词） 误区：不可接to do，避免受不定式思维影响 易混点提醒2—help的特殊用法 help是初中阶段特殊动词，不接-ing形式 用法1：help sb. to do sth.（to可省略） 用法2：help sb. do sth.（省略to，更常用） 两种用法语义一致，可互换，无区别 否定形式：help sb. (not) to do sth. help 经典例句解析 1.She helped me (to) carry the heavy box.（省略to，常用） 2.I help my mom (to) clean the house on weekends. 3.He helped his classmate (not) to make mistakes. 误区：不可说help sb. doing sth.，为常见错误 简单句：help (to) do sth.，如：I help (to) cook dinner. 语法核心梳理—动词搭配表（1） 1.只接to do：want, hope, decide, plan, try, promise 2.只接to do：agree, refuse, learn, choose, wish, manage 3.只接doing：enjoy, finish, mind, practice, avoid, keep 4.只接doing：miss, suggest, dislike, risk, consider 语法核心梳理—动词搭配表（2） 1.语义相近：like, love, hate, begin, start 2.语义差异大：stop, forget, remember, try, mean 3.介词后doing：look forward to, pay attention to 4.特殊用法：help sb. (to) do sth.（不接doing） 题型一—用所给动词适当形式填空 1.She hopes _____________ (go) to the zoo this weekend. 2.They enjoy ____________ (play) football after class. 3.I forgot ____________ (close) the window, so it’s open now. 4.The teacher suggested ____________ (have) a English party. 5.Remember ____________ (hand in) your homework on time. 6.He tried ____________ (solve) the problem, but he failed. to go playing to close having to hand in to solve 题型二—选择合适形式完成句子 1.I like _________ (draw) and I like _________ (draw) a cat today. 2.He stopped __________ (watch) TV to do his homework. 3.I remember ___________ (meet) her at the school gate last week. 4.Try __________ (use) this pen, it writes very well. 5.She stopped __________ (cry) when she saw her father. 6.We look forward to __________ (see) your new photos. drawing to draw watching meeting using crying seeing 题型三—单项选择 1.My sister wants ______ a doctor in the future. A. to be B. being C. be 2.He enjoys ______ stories for his little brother. A. tell B. telling C. to tell 3.They decided ______ to the park this Sunday. A. go B. going C. to go 4.I mind ______ the window, it’s too hot outside. A. open B. opening C. to open A B C B 题型三—单项选择 1.Remember ______ the light when you leave the room. A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off 2.He stopped ______ a cup of tea because he was thirsty. A. to drink B. drinking C. drink 3.I look forward to ______ from my pen pal soon. A. hear B. hearing C. to hear 4.She helped me ______ my English homework yesterday. A. do B. doing C. to doing B A B A 题型四—单句改错 1.He hope to visit his grandparents next week. 2.I enjoy to read books in the library. 3.Remember locking the door when you go out. 4.We are looking forward to see you next month. 5.She helped me carrying the bag to my room. hope→hopes to read→reading locking→to lock see→seeing carrying→(to) carry 题型五—根据句意完成句子 1.我打算明天去看电影。I ______ ______ ______ a movie tomorrow. 2.他喜欢在晚上听音乐。He ______ ______ to music at night. 3.记得放学后打扫教室。______ ______ clean the classroom after school. 4.她停止了说话，因为老师进来了。She ______ ______ when the teacher came in. plan to watch enjoys listening Remember to stopped talking 语法运用—语篇填空 I like ______ (read) books. I hope ______ (read) a new storybook this weekend. My mom agrees ______ (buy) the book for me. I remember ______ (see) it in the bookstore last week. I finish ______ (do) my homework every day before dinner, so I have much time ______ (read). reading to read to buy seeing doing to read 语法运用—语篇填空 Tom enjoys ______ (play) basketball. He plans ______ (join) the school basketball club. He tried ______ (practice) every day. Yesterday he stopped ______ (play) to help an old man. He forgot ______ (tell) his coach about it, but the coach said it was okay. We all look forward to ______ (see) him play in the match. playing to join to practice playing to tell seeing 常见答题误区总结 1.混淆不定式to和介词to，错接to do 2.把help后接do sth. 写成doing sth. 3.语义差异大的动词，错判动作是否发生 4.只接to do/doing的动词，随意互换形式 5.否定形式位置错误，如do not to do 解题技巧梳理 1.第一步：识别动词，判断搭配类型 2.第二步：根据搭配，确定基本形式（to do/doing） 3.第三步：结合语境，判断语义（具体/习惯、已做/未做） 4.第四步：检查否定形式、介词搭配等细节 5.第五步：通读句子，确认语法通顺、语义合理 课堂小结 1.核心：to do表具体/将来，-ing表习惯/抽象 2.关键：熟记三类动词的固定搭配，不可混淆 3.重点：掌握5个语义差异大的动词的用法 4.易错：区分介词to和不定式to，牢记help的用法 5.技巧：先看搭配，再辨语义，最后检查细节 教学课件 Unit 3 语法专项——动词不定式与-ing形式作宾语 Thank you for listening! 34 $