专项练11 社会现象类说明文（学生用书Word版）-【高考快车道】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习与策略

专项练11 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一项关于观看体育运动对幸福感影响的研究，结果显示观看体育运动能够提升主观的幸福感，也能提升客观的幸福感。 1．B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“Watching sports goes beyond entertainment．”可知，观看体育运动不仅是娱乐，由此可推断出，画线词所在句说明观看体育运动的另一个好处，再结合下文“This sense of connection not only makes individuals feel good but also benefits society．”可知，这种感觉对个人和社会都有好处，故由此可以推断出，看体育运动可以培养社区归属感，fosters意为“培养”。] 2．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段末句和第二段首句可知，关于观看体育运动和幸福感之间关系的相关研究非常有限，这个研究小组开展此项研究正是看到了这一空缺。这与A项“相关研究缺乏”相符合。] 3．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In the first study...which confirmed the widely considered opinion．”可知，幸福感的改善与定期观看体育运动有关系是被广泛接受的观点，这与C项“观看体育运动可以提升幸福感”相符合。] 4．B　[推理判断题。根据全文内容，并结合最后一段中的“And this research can contribute significantly to sports management practices and policy-making for public health．”可知，本研究可对体育管理实践和公共卫生政策制定做出重大贡献，再结合上文的研究结论可以推断出，未来的政策可能会支持公众观看体育运动。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过引用经合组织(OECD)的研究数据，阐述了富裕国家中大量成年人在数学和阅读测试中的表现不如小学生，以及成人识字率在过去十年中在许多地方有所下降的现象。 5．A　[写作手法题。根据文章第二段中“Finland tops the charts...compared to just 8% of Japanese．”可知，作者通过列举芬兰、荷兰、挪威、日本、英国、美国、智利、意大利、波兰、葡萄牙等国家在经合组织“成人技能调查”中的不同测试结果来支持“在许多地方成年人识字率下降以及不同国家成年人技能水平存在差异”这一论点。] 6．D　[词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“In numeracy，for every country with a rising score，there is another that has seen its score fall．In literacy，more countries'scores are dropping despite higher secondary school completion and more degrees．”可知，在计算能力方面，一个国家分数上升的同时，就有另一个国家分数下降；在识字能力方面，尽管中学毕业率更高且获得学位的人更多，但更多国家的分数却在下降。由此可以推断出，整体的基本技能是在变差的。所以，画线单词的意思和“变糟”相似。选项D“Worsening”意为“变得更糟”，与此相符。] 7．C　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Andreas Schleicher blames less practice at reading complex texts，perhaps due to some social media platforms．”可知，Andreas Schleicher认为可能是由于一些社交软件，人们对复杂文本的阅读练习减少了，这导致了成人识字率下降。] 8．A　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“High scorers in OECD tests earn 75% more than low scorers and report better well-being，while low scorers feel lonelier．Clearly，strong cognitive skills bring advantages．”可知，经合组织测试中的高分者比低分者收入高75%，并且报告的幸福感更强，也就是他们通常更快乐且经济状况更好。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了杀虫剂过度使用的问题，以及人工智能(AI)在精准喷洒杀虫剂方面的应用，这些新技术有望大幅减少农民所需的杀虫剂量，提高喷洒效率，并帮助农民更精确地测量喷洒结果。 9．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fully 3 billion kilograms are thought to be sprayed...health effects．”可知，第一段提出的问题是杀虫剂的过度使用。] 10．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This involves some cameras...to be applied．”可知，Bilberry的系统喷洒是精准且有效的，能够针对杂草进行喷洒，减少不必要的杀虫剂使用。] 11．B　[段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Its team...to be calculated．”可知，第三段主要讲述了RealCoverage的运作机制，即如何通过摄像头和AI来计算留在叶子上的液滴数量。] 12．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“AI spraying provides a huge increase in the depth of knowledge available to farmers，essentially allowing them to measure spray results in terms of millilitres per leaf，instead of litres per acre．”可知，AI喷洒为农民提供了更精确的测量方式，有助于他们更有效地使用杀虫剂，从而可能节省大量的成本。] 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专项练11　社会现象类说明文 说明：每题2.5分，本套试卷共30分 A (2025·江西新余模拟) For many individuals，sports have long served as a source of enjoyment and relaxation．Watching sports goes beyond entertainment．It fosters a sense of community and belonging among audiences．This sense of connection not only makes individuals feel good but also benefits society．Although it is popularly recognized for its positive effects，existing studies on the relationship between watching sports and well-being offer only limited evidence． Recognizing this gap，a team of researchers from Waseda University，Japan，took on a groundbreaking study．“A significant challenge in well-being research is the subjective nature of measurement procedures，potentially leading to incomplete findings．Therefore，our studies focused on both subjective and objective measures of well-being，”explains Prof．Sato，one of the leaders． In the first study，the researchers analyzed publicly available data on the influence of watching sports on 20，000 Japanese residents．They discovered the consistent improvement of well-being was associated with regular sports viewing，which confirmed the widely considered opinion．However，this study wasn't able to provide deeper insight．The second study was an online survey aimed at investigating whether the connection between sports viewing and well-being varied depending on the type of sport observed．In the experiment，participants were exposed to various sports videos，with their well-being assessed both before and after viewing．The findings underlined that widely welcomed sports such as baseball had a more significant impact on increasing well-being． However，the most noticeable part of this research is the third study．Here，the team employed neuroimaging (神经影像) techniques to track changes in brain activity following sports viewing．The investigation showed that sports viewing activated the brain's reward circuits，indicating feelings of happiness or pleasure． “Both subjective and objective measures of well-being were found to be positively influenced by engaging in sports viewing．For those seeking to increase their overall well-being，regularly watching sports，can serve as an effective way．And this research can contribute significantly to sports management practices and policy-making for public health．”comments Sato． 1．What does the underlined word“fosters”in paragraph 1 mean? A．Uses．　　　　　　　　　 B．Develops． C．Broadcasts． D．Presents． 2．Why did the team conduct the study? A．Relevant study was lacking． B．This topic was meaningful． C．They cared about society． D．They accepted official assignments． 3．What views do most people agree with? A．The use of multiple study means matters． B．Well-being is affected by lots of factors． C．Watching sports can boost happiness． D．Baseball has positive effects on health． 4．What does Sato imply in last paragraph? A．Watching sports is a necessity to live well． B．Future policies might support watching sports． C．Further study will find the most effective sports． D．Everyone has a different definition of well-being． B (2025·江西九江二模) Are you smarter than a ten-year-old? Shocking data reveals that a large number of adults in rich countries might not be．The OECD，a club of mostly wealthy nations，released a study showing about one-fifth of 16- to 65-year-olds perform no better in maths and reading tests than primary school leavers． Moreover，adult literacy has declined in many places over the past decade．The OECD's“Survey of Adult Skills”，conducted once every ten years，had 160，000 adults from 31 countries and regions take short tests in numeracy (计算能力)，literacy and problem-solving．These tests assess whether they can hold jobs，engage in daily life and succeed in the real world，from understanding aspirin packet warnings to calculating wallpaper needs．Finland tops the charts with the highest average scores in all three areas，while the Netherlands，Norway and Japan also fare well．England has climbed the rankings in the past ten years due to young adults'better performance，but America's results are worsening．Similarly，Chile，Italy，Poland and Portugal have many below-average scorers; nearly half of Chileans score poorly in maths and reading compared to just 8% of Japanese． Overall，basic skills are deteriorating．In numeracy，for every country with a rising score，there is another that has seen its score fall．In literacy，more countries'scores are dropping despite higher secondary school completion and more degrees．The decline is among the least skilled．Migration and ageing populations partly explain it，as non-native speakers struggle in language tests and skills peak around 30．But even accounting for these，many countries'literacy scores are falling．Andreas Schleicher blames less practice at reading complex texts，perhaps due to some social media platforms． This isn't the only sign of stalled (停滞的) cognitive skill improvement．The“Flynn effect”saw IQ scores rising in the 20th century，but recently some countries have seen a decline．High scorers in OECD tests earn 75% more than low scorers and report better well-being，while low scorers feel lonelier．Clearly，strong cognitive skills bring advantages． 5．How does paragraph 2 support its argument? A．By listing test results． B．By showing statistics． C．By clarifying the process． D．By explaining the reasons． 6．What does the underlined word“deteriorating”in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Improving． B．Peaking． C．Restoring． D．Worsening． 7．What probably makes adult literacy decline according to Andreas Schleicher? A．Increasing aging populations． B．Declining job opportunities． C．Reduced demanding text reading． D．Decreased social media application． 8．What can be inferred about high scorers in OECD tests? A．They are generally happier and better-off． B．They are less likely to engage in daily life． C．They tend to score poorly in literacy and numeracy． D．They have more chances of experiencing loneliness． C (2025·河南实验中学四模) The world is awash in pesticides (杀虫剂)．Fully 3 billion kilograms are thought to be sprayed (喷洒) onto crops worldwide every year，of which only a small amount is needed．The extra chemicals are known to run off onto land and into watercourses，with damaging environmental and health effects．The use of agrochemicals continues to grow：global sales of pesticides rose to $79bn in 2022，according to S&P Global Commodity Insights，part of a big research group．The good news is that a number of new spraying methods employing artificial intelligence (AI) are being commercialized，promising to cut the amount of pesticides a farmer needs to spray by 90%． Precision spraying is the future．This is where AI comes in．For instance，Dyson Farming，an agricultural project led by James Dyson，a British inventor，is using a process developed by Bilberry，a French company．This involves some cameras spread along the long arms of an agricultural sprayer．The pictures taken by the cameras are analyzed with image-recognition software trained to recognize weeds．The system then individually turns the arms'144 spray heads on or off whenever pesticides are to be applied． Even greater levels of precision spraying are promised by AgZen，a firm from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology．Its team came up with a monitoring system called RealCoverage．Capable of being adapted to existing sprayers，RealCoverage consists of two camera-based sensors on each spray arm，one placed slightly ahead and the other just behind．As the sprayer moves along，the firm's AI identifies images of leaves caught by the first camera and compares them to images obtained by the second．This allows the number of droplets left hanging onto the leaves to be calculated． AI spraying provides a huge increase in the depth of knowledge available to farmers，essentially allowing them to measure spray results in terms of millilitres (毫升) per leaf，instead of litres per acre．As the system works with other spray technologies，AgZen is also discussing possible cooperation with equipment suppliers and contract-spraying businesses． 9．What problem is presented in paragraph 1? A．The overuse of pesticides． B．The health cost of pesticides． C．The rising prices of pesticides． D．The lack of effective pesticides． 10．Which of the following can describe the spraying of Bilberry's system? A．Inaccurate and labour-intensive． B．Harmless and widespread． C．Costly and old-fashioned． D．Targeted and effective． 11．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about RealCoverage? A．Its development process． B．Its operating mechanism． C．Its historic background． D．Its environmental impact． 12．What can we say about AI spraying? A．It still needs further trials． B．It will soon be adopted globally． C．It will save farmers enormous costs． D．It has made cameras a thing of the past． 高频词汇 A篇：entertainment n．娱乐，娱乐表演 well-being n．幸福，安康 groundbreaking adj．开创性的 incomplete adj．不完整的，不完全的；不完善的 considered adj．深思熟虑的 policymaking n．决策 B篇：decline vi．下降assess v．评估；评定completion n．完成；结业peak v．达到顶峰n．顶峰 C篇：essentially adv．基本上measure vt．衡量 熟词生义 A篇：objective (常见义) n．目的，目标 (文中义) adj．客观的，不带个人情感的 underline (常见义) v．在……下面画线 (文中义) v．强调，突出 B篇：fare (常见义) n．车费；票价 (文中义) vi．表现 chart (常见义) n．图表 (文中义) n．排行榜 C篇：come up with (常见义) 想出，提出 (文中义) 研发出 重点短语 A篇：serve as充当，担任　go beyond超越　take on开始承担或处理　 expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……处于……的影响之下 B篇：account for 解释，说明compared to与……相比 C篇：in terms of从……角度；以……衡量 难句分析 A篇：Although it is popularly recognized for its positive effects，existing studies on the relationship between watching sports and well-being offer only limited evidence． 结构分析： 主干结构：existing studies...offer only limited evidence 让步状语从句：Although it is popularly recognized for its positive effects 介词短语作后置定语：on the relationship between watching sports and well-being 译文：尽管人们普遍认可其积极影响，但目前关于观看体育运动与幸福感之间关系的研究所提供的证据却十分有限。 C篇：The good news is that a number of new spraying methods employing artificial intelligence (AI) are being commercialized，promising to cut the amount of pesticides a farmer needs to spray by 90%． 结构分析： 表语从句：that a number of new spraying methods employing artificial intelligence (AI) are being commercialized 状语：promising to cut the amount of pesticides a farmer needs to spray by 90% ，a farmer needs to spray为省略that的定语从句，修饰先行词pesticides。 译文：好消息是，许多采用人工智能(AI)的新型喷洒方法正在商业化，有望将农民所需喷洒的农药量减少90%。 7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $