08 专题二 第四讲 主旨大意题（课件PPT）-【高考快车道】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习与策略

第四讲　主旨大意题 专题二　阅读四选一 1 考点1　标题归纳题 第四讲　主旨大意题 2 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 (2025·全国二卷阅读C篇) When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants，she didn't have high hopes for it．But the opposite happened：She was flooded，shipping out 1，200 orders in June of 2020 alone．In the past year，Detrinidad sent out more than 70，000 plants．Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 “Plants are in fashion right now，”says Dr Melinda Knuth，a researcher from the University of Florida．“People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating，”she says．“Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think．”Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol，the stress hormone(激素) in our body． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants，”says Knuth．“This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults．Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces．” 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants，don't beat yourself up if one(or a few！) doesn't make it．“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant．Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning．Be invested in taking care of it，but if it dies，go get another one，”Detrinidad says． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 31．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Time to Replace Houseplants B．Plants Boost Your Mood C．Tips on Choosing Houseplants D．Plants Brighten Your Home √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 一、读文章，理清结构 第一段：以Detrinidad的成功为例引出室内植物行业的兴起。 第二段至第三段：通过Knuth的研究说明植物能通过降低皮质醇水平改善心情、提升生产率。 第四段：鼓励人们尝试养植物。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 二、析选项，斟酌判断 A项(是时候更换室内植物了)：本文并未提及相关内容，无中生有，生搬硬套。 B项(植物能提升你的心情)：本文主要介绍绿植对情绪和健康的积极影响。该选项最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。涵盖性强，覆盖全文。 C项(选择室内植物的小贴士)：本文最后一段虽然提及了这方面的内容，但不是文章的主旨。移花接木，偷换概念。 D项(植物点亮你的家)：本文并未提及相关内容，无中生有，生搬硬套。 三、对比选项得出答案 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 考点2　文章大意题 第四讲　主旨大意题 11 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读C篇) We all know fresh is best when it comes to food．However，most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table．While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey，Babylon Micro-Farm(BMF) shortens it even more． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 BMF is an indoor garden system．It can be set up for a family．Additionally，it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital，restaurant or school．The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Specifically，it's a farm that relies on new technology．By connecting through the Cloud，BMF is remotely monitored．Also，there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time．Because the system is automated，it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants．Rather than watering rows of soil，the system provides just the right amount to each plant．After harvest，users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod(容器) to get the next growth cycle started． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Moreover，having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions(排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad．In addition，there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives．About half of them walk or bike to work．Inside the office，they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic．“We are passionate about reducing waste，carbon and chemicals in our environment，”said a BMF employee． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 31．What does the text mainly talk about? A．BMF's major strengths． B．BMF's general management． C．BMF's global influence． D．BMF's technical standards． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 一、读文章，理清结构 第一段：BMF公司缩短了食物到餐桌的运输过程。 第二段：BMF是一个室内花园系统。可以服务于家庭、医院、餐厅或学校。 第三段：通过云连接，可以对BMF进行远程监控。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 第四段：BMF实现了植物运输的零排放。此外，无杀虫剂和其他化学物质。 第五段：BMF员工在生活和工作中践行可持续发展。 综上所述，文章从各个方面凸显了BMF的优势。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 二、析选项，斟酌判断 A项(BMF的主要优势)：本文主要介绍了巴比伦微农场(BMF)的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染，以及员工的环保生活方式等。涵盖性强，覆盖全面。 B项(BMF的整体管理)：本文提到了BMF的管理，但侧重介绍该系统是自动化的，所以它大大减少了种植植物所需的水量，只需用新的预播种容器替换植株，即可开始下一个生长周期。移花接木，偷换概念。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 C项(BMF的全球影响力)：本文未提及相关内容，无中生有，生搬硬套。 D项(BMF的技术标准)：本文未提及相关内容，无中生有，生搬硬套。 三、对比选项得出答案 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 考点3　段落大意题 第四讲　主旨大意题 23 (2025·全国二卷阅读D篇) It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage．Instead，all the ingredients(配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving．Things like kale ribs，fish collars，rejected sweet potatoes，and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and，with the help of a number of good chefs，turned into excellent cuisine． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 34．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why the ingredients were used． B．Which dishes were best liked． C．What the dishes were made of． D．Where the ingredients were bought． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 本段为总分式。根据第五段内容“值得注意的是，从技术上讲，wastED的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食材都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉块和农产品。羽衣甘蓝茎秆、鱼颈肉、被拒收的红薯和黄瓜头等东西都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的助力下，变成了美味的菜肴”可知，本段首句否定“垃圾食材”的说法，随后列举羽衣甘蓝茎秆、鱼颈肉、被拒收的红薯、黄瓜头等非常规食材来说明菜品原料的构成。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 随堂演练　迁移应用 A (2025·河北石家庄模拟) Scientists have been looking at DNA to store all types of data，not just biological，but also digital．Yet while DNA is a great storage material，it's also quite delicate．Water or heat can damage it easily unless it's given an amber-like(似琥珀)coating．That new idea was borrowed from the 1993 movie Jurassic Park，in which scientists cloned dinosaurs from DNA trapped in amber． 27 DNA is the world's oldest data storage device．The most amazing thing about DNA is that it can potentially be used to store any type of data．Putting information into DNA uses a process called encoding．“Your computer stores information in a binary format(二进制)，zeroes and ones，”notes Karishma Matange，a computational biologist．“Encoding works to change these zeroes and ones into A，C，G and T，the DNA bases that can store information．”The order of the bases in DNA is called sequence(序列)，which spells out the information it holds．To pull information back out from the DNA，you rewind the process． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Scientists can store DNA for long periods．But it requires freezing temperatures，special equipment and dangerous chemicals，which makes the process costly．James Banal，a scientist in San Carlos，California，and his team came up with a new method T-REX．His team uses this method to trap DNA in a material similar to plastic．“Plastics are durable，”Banal points out．Besides，T-REX is a cheap alternative to enclose DNA． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 To test it，the team encoded the Jurassic Park theme music and a person's genome into DNA．Then they put the DNA in the glassy plastic．Damp and heat are DNA's biggest threats．But the T-REX material keeps damp out．The researchers heated it up to 75°Celsius．Later，they got the DNA by breaking the coating down．The best part，Banal says，is that the broken-down material can be reused to store DNA again． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Banal and his colleagues want to use the T-REX method to preserve genetic data or even safely store biological samples that will be launched into space．And we might one day use it to store the massive amounts of data people generate every day． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了DNA存储数据的原理，传统存储的缺陷及T-REX新方法，其成本低、耐用，未来或用于多领域存储。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 1．How is digital information stored into DNA? A．By turning binary code into DNA bases． B．By freezing the DNA at low temperatures． C．By coating the DNA with amber material． D．By sequencing DNA from ancient samples． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 A　[细节理解题。数字信息存储到 DNA 中的核心步骤是编码(encoding)。计算机以二进制(0 和 1)存储数据，而编码过程将这些二进制代码转换为 DNA 的四种碱基(A、C、G、T)，通过碱基序列存储信息。这一过程直接对应选项 A，其他选项均与存储原理无关。故选A。] 2．What is the main advantage of the T-REX method for DNA storage? A．Breaking DNA down with chemicals． B．Offering cost-effective storage of DNA． C．Helping DNA survive extreme wetness． D．Withdrawing whole DNA from dinosaurs． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 B　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Besides，T-REX is a cheap alternative to enclose DNA．”和第四段“But the T-REX material keeps damp out...The best part，Banal says，is that the broken-down material can be reused to store DNA again．”可知，T-REX方法既成本低廉，又能防潮，并且可以重复使用材料来存储DNA，因此，T-REX方法的主要优势是提供了一种经济有效的DNA存储方式。故选B。] 3．What will the DNA storage technology be used for in the future? A．Cloning extinct dinosaurs． B．Reducing global plastic pollution． C．Preserving diverse samples． D．Speeding future space exploration． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 C　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“use the T-REX method to preserve genetic data or even safely store...”可知，DNA存储技术未来将用于保存多样化的样本。故选C。] 4．What's the main idea of the text? A．A breakthrough in DNA data storage technology． B．How digital technology advances DNA analysis． C．The biological applications of DNA repairing system． D．How Jurassic Park inspired DNA preservation research． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 A　[主旨大意题。全文围绕 DNA 数据存储展开，重点介绍传统方法的局限性及 T-REX 技术的突破：通过低成本、耐用的塑料封装解决 DNA 易损问题，并探索其未来应用。选项 A“DNA 数据存储技术的突破”精准概括文章主旨，其他选项或聚焦细节(如 D)、或偏离主题(如 B、C)。故选A。] B (2025·山东济南三模) Suppose you're preparing for a tennis match．Your mind wanders，envisioning every possible outcome．Do you picture yourself in control? Or does your imagination toy with the idea of failure? The answer matters because it could affect your confidence and，ultimately，how well you will perform in the upcoming match．Although people don't take such moments spent in their imagination as seriously as they should，it can be just as vital as any physical practice，directly impacting your chances of success． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 This is especially the case in high-pressure situations where what's happening inside your mind outweighs what's happening outside．Your imagination shapes how you interpret the world around you and is capable of causing the same physiological (生理的) and emotional responses that are caused by external，real-life events．To take just one example，just as emotional pictures and sounds can cause the pupils to widen，so can emotional mental images in the mind． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Another phenomenon highlighting the significance of the imagination is called functional equivalence，which refers to the way the brain doesn't always distinguish between imagining an action and physically doing it．For instance，when athletes vividly imagine running a race or sinking a basket，their brain scans reveal that the same neural circuits (神经回路) are activated as if they were physically performing the task．Other research with athletes using functional MRI (磁共振成像) has shown that mental practice engages regions of the brain involved in controlling the body and also activates areas linked to focus，motivation and emotional regulation． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 The principle of functional equivalence extends beyond sports．In one study，pianists were asked to picture moving their fingers across the keys，hearing the tune，and seeing the sheet music．Astonishingly，the same motor areas in their brains lit up as when they actually played． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Many studies like this have proved the connection between mental imagery and real-world performance．Whether you're aiming to build confidence or prepare for a challenge，using your imagination with more intention could make all the difference．The key is to switch your mental channel to an image of capability，control and empowerment． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述心理意象对现实表现的影响，介绍了“功能对等”理论，指出大脑想象动作时与实际执行动作会激活相同的神经回路，强调有意运用想象力可提升自信和战胜挑战。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 5．How does the author start the text? A．By giving a definition． B．By explaining an opinion． C．By presenting a context． D．By sharing an experience． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“Suppose you're preparing for a tennis match．Your mind wanders，envisioning every possible outcome．”可知，作者通过设定一个具体情境(准备网球比赛时的心理活动)引入话题。故选C。] 6．In which aspect is mental imagery the same as actual occurrences according to the text? A．Requiring body movements． B．Initiating visual stimulations． C．Affecting physical functions． D．Causing emotional responses． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Your imagination shapes how you interpret the world around you and is capable of causing the same physiological and emotional responses that are caused by external，real-life events．”可知，心理意象与实际事件在“引起情绪反应”方面具有一致性。故选D。] 7．In which case may functional equivalence occur? A．A learner conducts a discussion with a professor． B．A doctor envisions the procedure of an operation． C．A pianist videos finger movements for perfection． D．A speaker practices a deep breath before a speech． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“Another phenomenon highlighting the significance of the imagination is called functional equivalence，which refers to the way the brain doesn't always distinguish between imagining an action and physically doing it．”以及“Other research with athletes using functional MRI has shown that mental practice engages regions of the brain involved in controlling the body and also activates areas linked to focus，motivation and emotional regulation．”可推知，该理论适用于“想象某动作时大脑激活与实际执行该动作时相同的神经回路”的场景。B项“医生设想手术流程”符合想象动作且未实际执行的情境，符合功能对等理论。故选B。] 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Positive Emotion Brightens Your Life B．Mental Imagery Boosts Your Success C．Imagination Enhances Your Creativity D．Physical Practice Unlocks Your Potential √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 B　[标题归纳题。文章开篇以准备网球比赛时的心理活动为例，引出想象力对实际表现有影响这一话题，接着阐述“功能等同”现象，即大脑对想象动作和实际动作的反应相似以及最后一段“Many studies like this have proved the connection between mental imagery and real-world performance．Whether you're aiming to build confidence or prepare for a challenge，using your imagination with more intention could make all the difference．”都表明了心理意象对成功有推动作用。B选项“心理意象助推成功”最符合文章主旨，是合适的标题。故选B。] 专项练11　社会现象类说明文 说明：每题2.5分，本套试卷共30分 A (2025·江西新余模拟) For many individuals，sports have long served as a source of enjoyment and relaxation．Watching sports goes beyond entertainment．It fosters a sense of community and belonging among audiences．This sense of connection not only makes individuals feel good but also benefits society．Although it is popularly recognized for its positive effects，existing studies on the relationship between watching sports and well-being offer only limited evidence． 54 Recognizing this gap，a team of researchers from Waseda University，Japan，took on a groundbreaking study．“A significant challenge in well-being research is the subjective nature of measurement procedures，potentially leading to incomplete findings．Therefore，our studies focused on both subjective and objective measures of well-being，”explains Prof．Sato，one of the leaders． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 In the first study，the researchers analyzed publicly available data on the influence of watching sports on 20，000 Japanese residents．They discovered the consistent improvement of well-being was associated with regular sports viewing，which confirmed the widely considered opinion．However，this study wasn't able to provide deeper insight．The second study was an online survey aimed at investigating whether the connection between sports viewing and well-being varied depending on the type of sport observed．In the experiment，participants were exposed to various sports videos，with their well-being assessed both before and after viewing．The findings underlined that widely welcomed sports such as baseball had a more significant impact on increasing well-being． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 However，the most noticeable part of this research is the third study．Here，the team employed neuroimaging (神经影像) techniques to track changes in brain activity following sports viewing．The investigation showed that sports viewing activated the brain's reward circuits，indicating feelings of happiness or pleasure． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 “Both subjective and objective measures of well-being were found to be positively influenced by engaging in sports viewing．For those seeking to increase their overall well-being，regularly watching sports，can serve as an effective way．And this research can contribute significantly to sports management practices and policy-making for public health．”comments Sato． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一项关于观看体育运动对幸福感影响的研究，结果显示观看体育运动能够提升主观的幸福感，也能提升客观的幸福感。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 1．What does the underlined word“fosters”in paragraph 1 mean? A．Uses．　　　　　　　 B．Develops． C．Broadcasts． D．Presents． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“Watching sports goes beyond entertainment．”可知，观看体育运动不仅是娱乐，由此可推断出，画线词所在句说明观看体育运动的另一个好处，再结合下文“This sense of connection not only makes individuals feel good but also benefits society．”可知，这种感觉对个人和社会都有好处，故由此可以推断出，看体育运动可以培养社区归属感，fosters意为“培养”。] 2．Why did the team conduct the study? A．Relevant study was lacking． B．This topic was meaningful． C．They cared about society． D．They accepted official assignments． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 A　[细节理解题。根据第一段末句和第二段首句可知，关于观看体育运动和幸福感之间关系的相关研究非常有限，这个研究小组开展此项研究正是看到了这一空缺。这与A项“相关研究缺乏”相符合。] 3．What views do most people agree with? A．The use of multiple study means matters． B．Well-being is affected by lots of factors． C．Watching sports can boost happiness． D．Baseball has positive effects on health． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In the first study...which confirmed the widely considered opinion．”可知，幸福感的改善与定期观看体育运动有关系是被广泛接受的观点，这与C项“观看体育运动可以提升幸福感”相符合。] 4．What does Sato imply in last paragraph? A．Watching sports is a necessity to live well． B．Future policies might support watching sports． C．Further study will find the most effective sports． D．Everyone has a different definition of well-being． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 B　[推理判断题。根据全文内容，并结合最后一段中的“And this research can contribute significantly to sports management practices and policy-making for public health．”可知，本研究可对体育管理实践和公共卫生政策制定做出重大贡献，再结合上文的研究结论可以推断出，未来的政策可能会支持公众观看体育运动。] B (2025·江西九江二模) Are you smarter than a ten-year-old? Shocking data reveals that a large number of adults in rich countries might not be．The OECD，a club of mostly wealthy nations，released a study showing about one-fifth of 16- to 65-year-olds perform no better in maths and reading tests than primary school leavers． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Moreover，adult literacy has declined in many places over the past decade．The OECD's“Survey of Adult Skills”，conducted once every ten years，had 160，000 adults from 31 countries and regions take short tests in numeracy (计算能力)，literacy and problem-solving．These tests assess whether they can hold jobs，engage in daily life and succeed in the real world，from understanding aspirin packet warnings to calculating wallpaper needs．Finland tops the charts with the highest average scores in all three areas，while the Netherlands， 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Norway and Japan also fare well．England has climbed the rankings in the past ten years due to young adults'better performance，but America's results are worsening．Similarly，Chile，Italy，Poland and Portugal have many below-average scorers；nearly half of Chileans score poorly in maths and reading compared to just 8% of Japanese． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Overall，basic skills are deteriorating．In numeracy，for every country with a rising score，there is another that has seen its score fall．In literacy，more countries'scores are dropping despite higher secondary school completion and more degrees．The decline is among the least skilled．Migration and ageing populations partly explain it，as non-native speakers struggle in language tests and skills peak around 30．But even accounting for these，many countries'literacy scores are falling．Andreas Schleicher blames less practice at reading complex texts，perhaps due to some social media platforms． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 This isn't the only sign of stalled (停滞的) cognitive skill improvement．The“Flynn effect”saw IQ scores rising in the 20th century，but recently some countries have seen a decline．High scorers in OECD tests earn 75% more than low scorers and report better well-being，while low scorers feel lonelier．Clearly，strong cognitive skills bring advantages． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过引用经合组织(OECD)的研究数据，阐述了富裕国家中大量成年人在数学和阅读测试中的表现不如小学生，以及成人识字率在过去十年中在许多地方有所下降的现象。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 5．How does paragraph 2 support its argument? A．By listing test results． B．By showing statistics． C．By clarifying the process． D．By explaining the reasons． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 A　[写作手法题。根据文章第二段中“Finland tops the charts...compared to just 8% of Japanese．”可知，作者通过列举芬兰、荷兰、挪威、日本、英国、美国、智利、意大利、波兰、葡萄牙等国家在经合组织“成人技能调查”中的不同测试结果来支持“在许多地方成年人识字率下降以及不同国家成年人技能水平存在差异”这一论点。] 6．What does the underlined word“deteriorating”in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Improving． B．Peaking． C．Restoring． D．Worsening． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 D　[词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“In numeracy，for every country with a rising score，there is another that has seen its score fall．In literacy，more countries'scores are dropping despite higher secondary school completion and more degrees．”可知，在计算能力方面，一个国家分数上升的同时，就有另一个国家分数下降；在识字能力方面，尽管中学毕业率更高且获得学位的人更多，但更多国家的分数却在下降。由此可以推断出，整体的基本技能是在变差的。所以，画线单词的意思和“变糟”相似。选项D“Worsening”意为“变得更糟”，与此相符。] 7．What probably makes adult literacy decline according to Andreas Schleicher? A．Increasing aging populations． B．Declining job opportunities． C．Reduced demanding text reading． D．Decreased social media application． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 C　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Andreas Schleicher blames less practice at reading complex texts，perhaps due to some social media platforms．”可知，Andreas Schleicher认为可能是由于一些社交软件，人们对复杂文本的阅读练习减少了，这导致了成人识字率下降。] 8．What can be inferred about high scorers in OECD tests? A．They are generally happier and better-off． B．They are less likely to engage in daily life． C．They tend to score poorly in literacy and numeracy． D．They have more chances of experiencing loneliness． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 A　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“High scorers in OECD tests earn 75% more than low scorers and report better well-being，while low scorers feel lonelier．Clearly，strong cognitive skills bring advantages．”可知，经合组织测试中的高分者比低分者收入高75%，并且报告的幸福感更强，也就是他们通常更快乐且经济状况更好。] C (2025·河南实验中学四模) The world is awash in pesticides (杀虫剂)．Fully 3 billion kilograms are thought to be sprayed (喷洒) onto crops worldwide every year，of which only a small amount is needed．The extra chemicals are known to run off onto land and into watercourses，with damaging environmental and health effects．The use of agrochemicals continues to grow：global sales of pesticides rose to $79bn in 2022，according to 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 S&P Global Commodity Insights，part of a big research group．The good news is that a number of new spraying methods employing artificial intelligence (AI) are being commercialized，promising to cut the amount of pesticides a farmer needs to spray by 90%． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Precision spraying is the future．This is where AI comes in．For instance，Dyson Farming，an agricultural project led by James Dyson，a British inventor，is using a process developed by Bilberry，a French company．This involves some cameras spread along the long arms of an agricultural sprayer．The pictures taken by the cameras are analyzed with image-recognition software trained to recognize weeds．The system then individually turns the arms'144 spray heads on or off whenever pesticides are to be applied． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Even greater levels of precision spraying are promised by AgZen，a firm from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology．Its team came up with a monitoring system called RealCoverage．Capable of being adapted to existing sprayers，RealCoverage consists of two camera-based sensors on each spray arm，one placed slightly ahead and the other just behind．As the sprayer moves along，the firm's AI identifies images of leaves caught by the first camera and compares them to images obtained by the second．This allows the number of droplets left hanging onto the leaves to be calculated． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 AI spraying provides a huge increase in the depth of knowledge available to farmers，essentially allowing them to measure spray results in terms of millilitres (毫升) per leaf，instead of litres per acre．As the system works with other spray technologies，AgZen is also discussing possible cooperation with equipment suppliers and contract-spraying businesses． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了杀虫剂过度使用的问题，以及人工智能(AI)在精准喷洒杀虫剂方面的应用，这些新技术有望大幅减少农民所需的杀虫剂量，提高喷洒效率，并帮助农民更精确地测量喷洒结果。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 9．What problem is presented in paragraph 1? A．The overuse of pesticides． B．The health cost of pesticides． C．The rising prices of pesticides． D．The lack of effective pesticides． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Fully 3 billion kilograms are thought to be sprayed...health effects．”可知，第一段提出的问题是杀虫剂的过度使用。] 10．Which of the following can describe the spraying of Bilberry's system? A．Inaccurate and labour-intensive． B．Harmless and widespread． C．Costly and old-fashioned． D．Targeted and effective． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This involves some cameras...to be applied．”可知，Bilberry的系统喷洒是精准且有效的，能够针对杂草进行喷洒，减少不必要的杀虫剂使用。] 11．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about RealCoverage? A．Its development process． B．Its operating mechanism． C．Its historic background． D．Its environmental impact． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 B　[段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Its team...to be calculated．”可知，第三段主要讲述了RealCoverage的运作机制，即如何通过摄像头和AI来计算留在叶子上的液滴数量。] 12．What can we say about AI spraying? A．It still needs further trials． B．It will soon be adopted globally． C．It will save farmers enormous costs． D．It has made cameras a thing of the past． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“AI spraying provides a huge increase in the depth of knowledge available to farmers，essentially allowing them to measure spray results in terms of millilitres per leaf，instead of litres per acre．”可知，AI喷洒为农民提供了更精确的测量方式，有助于他们更有效地使用杀虫剂，从而可能节省大量的成本。] 高频词汇 A篇：entertainment n．娱乐，娱乐表演 well-being n．幸福，安康 groundbreaking adj．开创性的 incomplete adj．不完整的，不完全的；不完善的 considered adj．深思熟虑的 policy-making n．决策 B篇：decline vi．下降assess v．评估；评定completion n．完成；结业peak v．达到顶峰n．顶峰 C篇：essentially adv．基本上measure vt．衡量 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 熟词生义 A篇：objective (常见义) n．目的，目标 (文中义) adj．客观的，不带个人情感的 underline (常见义) v．在……下面画线 (文中义) v．强调，突出 B篇：fare (常见义) n．车费；票价 (文中义) vi．表现 chart (常见义) n．图表 (文中义) n．排行榜 C篇：come up with (常见义) 想出，提出 (文中义) 研发出 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 重点短语 A篇：serve as充当，担任　go beyond超越　take on开始承担或处理　 expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……处于……的影响之下 B篇：account for 解释，说明compared to与……相比 C篇：in terms of从……角度；以……衡量 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 A篇：Although it is popularly recognized for its positive effects，existing studies on the relationship between watching sports and well-being offer only limited evidence． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 结构分析： 主干结构：existing studies...offer only limited evidence 让步状语从句：Although it is popularly recognized for its positive effects 介词短语作后置定语：on the relationship between watching sports and well-being 译文：尽管人们普遍认可其积极影响，但目前关于观看体育运动与幸福感之间关系的研究所提供的证据却十分有限。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 C篇：The good news is that a number of new spraying methods employing artificial intelligence (AI) are being commercialized，promising to cut the amount of pesticides a farmer needs to spray by 90%． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 结构分析： 表语从句：that a number of new spraying methods employing artificial intelligence (AI) are being commercialized 状语：promising to cut the amount of pesticides a farmer needs to spray by 90% ，a farmer needs to spray为省略that的定语从句，修饰先行词pesticides。 译文：好消息是，许多采用人工智能(AI)的新型喷洒方法正在商业化，有望将农民所需喷洒的农药量减少90%。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 专项练12　问题解决类说明文 说明：每题2.5分，本套试卷共30分 A (2025·四川巴中三模) According to Dr John Swaddle，a professor at the Institute for Integrative Conservation at the College of William & Mary，hundreds of millions of birds die every year from window collisions (碰撞)． 103 However，if you put decals (贴花纸) or colorful stickers outside of your windows，the birds are more likely to see the barrier and therefore avoid it．Remember：never inside your window；always outside of your window． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 “Double-glazed (双层的) windows reflect a lot of light，especially when you view them from a slight angle，as a flying bird would do，”Swaddle told Salon．He is the corresponding author of a recent study which tries to figure out how this basic reality of physics impacts on a bird's experience as it flies near a standard window．For their experiment，researchers had birds perform repeated and controlled flight trials near windows with film (薄膜) products，BirdShades film and Haverkamp film，respectively． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 “In our collision avoidance trials，BirdShades increased window avoidance by 47% and the Haverkamp increased avoidance by 39%．But neither product was effective when the films were applied to the internal surface of windows，”the authors concluded． When breaking down the problem of avoiding window collisions from a bird's point of view，Swaddle explained，“The light and reflected imagery from the external surface of the glass is sufficient to obscure a film or a decal that is stuck to the inner surface from being seen clearly．” 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 If you want to protect birds from easily avoidable deaths without buying window film products，there are other solutions．Swaddle recommended“pleasing fritted glass that could be used in new construction and which is also bird-friendly”．Besides，he notes that screens can be helpful as well，not only by limiting reflectiveness but by providing birds with a cushion if they make impact．It is also possible to use everyday household objects to signal to birds that there are barriers—netting，bits of string，colorful stickers，and paint．These can all be used to this effect． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述鸟类因窗户碰撞导致的死亡问题，以及通过实验和研究提出的减少碰撞的多种方法，如使用外部贴纸、薄膜产品和日常物品等。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 1．What can we do to reduce bird window collisions? A．Decorating the inside of windows with decals． B．Applying stickers to the outside of windows． C．Selecting windows with two layers of glass． D．Keeping windows closed at night． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“However，if you put decals or colorful stickers outside of your windows，the birds are more likely to see the barrier and therefore avoid it．”可知，在窗外贴上花纸或彩色贴纸，鸟类更有可能看到障碍物，从而避开。故选B。] 2．What are the researchers trying to figure out in their experiments? A．The effective ways to avoid collisions． B．The eco-friendly glass and films designed for birds． C．The relationship between light reflection and bird window collisions． D．The responses of birds when they suddenly hit the shiny windows． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Double-glazed windows reflect a lot of light...reality of physics impacts on a bird's experience as it flies near a standard window．”可知，实验的目的是弄清光的反射和鸟类撞窗之间的联系。故选C。] 3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word“obscure”in paragraph 5? A．Apply．　　　　 B．Shade． C．Preserve． D．Discover． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 B　[词义猜测题。根据第五段“When breaking down the problem of avoiding window collisions from a bird's point of view...seen clearly．’”可知，玻璃外表面的光线和反射图像使鸟类看不清粘在内表面的薄膜或贴花了，所以应该是遮挡住了粘在内表面的薄膜或贴花。由此猜测，obscure的意思应该是“遮挡；遮蔽；使朦胧”，和B选项意思一致。故选B。] 4．What could we learn from the last paragraph? A．Solutions to prevent birds from hitting windows． B．Methods to lower the cost of windows． C．Eco-friendly glass materials． D．Bird-attracting objects． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 A　[段落大意题。根据最后一段“If you want to protect birds...be used to this effect．”可知，最后一段中Swaddle推荐了避免鸟类撞窗死亡的其他几种有效方法，比如使用家里的日常物品向鸟类发出信号等。故选A。] B (2025·湖南永州二模) Nations with large amounts of wind and solar in their power grids (电网) are particularly exposed to rising energy bills due to sharp increases in the gas price．The relationship between decarbonisation and swings in prices has been a controversial issue as governments consider clean energy strategies，but an analysis of power prices has now provided evidence to inform the debate． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Vast quantities of wind and solar capacity have been introduced across Europe in recent years，but these power sources are intermittent，generating electricity only when winds blow or the sky is cloudless． Gas power plants，which can be switched on and off relatively easily，are frequently relied on to provide power when renewable generation is low．But gas is often the most expensive source of power，and electricity market rules mean the most expensive generator sets the price for the entire market． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Raúl Bajo-Buenestado at the University of Navarra and his colleagues found nations with more wind and solar in their power systems were more vulnerable (易受影响的) to natural gas price shocks．Spain，for example，has large volumes of solar power and is particularly sensitive to power price changes．“If you have natural gas，wind and solar，this is going to make the perfect cocktail for you to be vulnerable，”says Bajo-Buenestado． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 It is the need for flexible generation alongside wind and solar that is the issue．Bajo-Buenestado points out that other nations with low-carbon power grids，such as Norway and France，rely on hydropower and nuclear technology，which are reliable generators．“We don't see a clear correlation between decarbonisation and sensitivity to natural gas price changes，”he says． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Solving the problem will require nations to replace gas as the back-up fuel of choice．One answer is for grid operators to push the power system to become better able to absorb peaks and valleys in generation．“The underlying message is that getting a flexible system is now as important as building renewables，”says Michael Grubb at University College London． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章指出电网中大量使用风能和太阳能的国家因天然气价格上涨面临能源账单增加问题，分析了原因并提出了解决办法。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 5．What does the controversial issue in the first paragraph refer to? A．How rising gas prices will affect power grids． B．Which countries may face higher energy bills． C．What should be included in clean energy strategies． D．Whether carbon cuts are linked to varying power prices． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“The relationship between decarbonisation and swings in prices has been a controversial issue as governments consider clean energy strategies，but an analysis of power prices has now provided evidence to inform the debate．”可知，有争议的问题是脱碳是否与波动的电价有关。故选D。] 6．What does the underlined word“intermittent”in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Faulty． B．Costly． C．Unstable． D．Inefficient． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 C　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Vast quantities of wind and solar capacity have been introduced across Europe in recent years，but these power sources are intermittent，generating electricity only when winds blow or the sky is cloudless．”可知，风能和太阳能只有在特定条件下才能发电，说明这两种能源是不稳定的。所以画线词“intermittent”的意思是“不稳定的”，与C项“Unstable”同义。故选C。] 7．Why is natural gas still needed in high-renewable-energy systems? A．It helps lower energy costs． B．It can quickly fill gaps in supply． C．It ensures consistent market prices． D．It is a key driver of energy innovation． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Gas power plants，which can be switched on and off relatively easily，are frequently relied on to provide power when renewable generation is low．”可知，在高可再生能源系统中仍然需要天然气是因为它可以迅速填补供应缺口。故选B。] 8．What might be an ideal combination of power sources? A．Solar and gas． B．Nuclear and gas． C．Solar and wind． D．Nuclear and wind． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 D　[推理判断题。根据第二段“Vast quantities of wind and solar capacity have been introduced across Europe in recent years，but these power sources are intermittent，generating electricity only when winds blow or the sky is cloudless．”和第五段中“It is the need for flexible generation alongside wind and solar that is the issue．Bajo-Buenestado points out that other nations with low-carbon power grids，such as Norway and France，rely on hydropower and nuclear technology，which are reliable generators．”可知，风能和太阳能两种能源是不稳定的，而水电和核电是稳定的。所以，结合选项，核电(稳定)与风电(可再生)的组合是理想模式。故选D。] C (2025·山东青岛、淄博二模) In many parts of the world，the volume of tourists has gone way beyond capacity．Overtourism，as is known，is now so widespread that many communities are pushing back．In April，activists on Tenerife staged a hunger strike against the building of new tourist projects threatening local water resources．Similarly，Greek communities initiated the“towel movement”resisting the privatization of coastal spaces that displaced local traditional fishing． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 When you see so many people protesting so widely，it tells you that the balance has been lost．The idea that most people benefit from tourism is no longer so clear．Symptoms of overtourism range from everyday problems，such as locals being priced out of restaurants，to deeper issues like the corporate takeover of affordable housing，which has caused widespread public anger．“At the most insignificant level，overtourism makes visiting places less pleasant for those visiting，”says Adrian Phillips，managing director of Bradt Travel Guides．“Most of us would prefer to appreciate St Mark's Square in Venice without having to compete for space．Besides，it can damage the local landscape，put pressure on local facilities，bend and change traditional culture．” 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 Thailand's historic city of Chiang Mai has recently charged a $147.5 fine for tourists wearing unsuitable clothing in temple zones，alongside cultural training for guides assisting international visitors，which comes as the city experiences an explosion in tourism，putting pressure on its culture．The Indonesian island of Bali，where by the middle of 2024，international tourism arrivals—7.75 million—surpassed those of all of 2019，is also seeing pushback against the rapid-fire expansion of tourism，with hotlines set up to report inappropriate behavior by foreigners． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 In the long run，the key solution to reducing overtourism is to champion the advantages of the many wonderful spots away from the most heavily-visited tourist sites and encourage people to spread their tourist dollars more widely．Rather than set limits on the number of visitors or fine people for visiting famous landmarks，stakeholders should give full attention to the meaningful experiences，fair economic benefits，and sustainable practices that come with exploring alternatives． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了过度旅游的现象和解决方案。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 9．Why did people in Tenerife and Greece protest? A．To increase income from tourism． B．To improve local service facilities． C．To safeguard the interests of locals． D．To prevent environmental destruction． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“In April，activists on Tenerife staged a hunger strike against the building of new tourist projects threatening local water resources．Similarly，Greek communities initiated the‘towel movement'resisting the privatization of coastal spaces that displaced local traditional fishing．”可知，新旅游项目会威胁特内里费岛当地的水资源，希腊沿海空间的私有化会取代当地的传统渔业，所以这两个地区的人抗议是为了捍卫当地人的利益。] 10．What does Adrian Phillips think of overtourism? A．It can be more than inconvenient． B．It reflects tourists'psychological needs． C．It can be managed through better planning． D．It is a necessary stage in economic development． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“At the most insignificant level，overtourism makes visiting places less pleasant for those visiting”和“it can damage the local landscape，put pressure on local facilities，bend and change traditional culture．”可知，Adrian Phillips认为过度旅游可能不仅仅导致不方便，它还会让游客感到不愉快，破坏当地景观，给当地设施带来压力，扭曲和改变传统文化。] 11．What does paragraph 3 focus on? A．Plans to drive tourism growth． B．Efforts to develop local attractions． C．Approaches to cultural preservation． D．Responses to overtourism challenges． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 D　[段落大意题。根据第三段“Thailand's historic city of Chiang Mai has recently charged...inappropriate behavior by foreigners．”可知，本段主要讲述泰国清迈和印尼巴厘岛对于过度旅游问题采取的措施。] 12．Who might the underlined word“stakeholders”in the last paragraph refer to? A．Tourism officers． B．Travel behavior experts． C．Eco-minded travelers． D．Tourism investment analysts． √ 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Rather than set limits on the number of visitors or fine people for visiting famous landmarks，stakeholders should give full attention to the meaningful experiences，fair economic benefits，and sustainable practices that come with exploring alternatives．”可知，“限制游客数量或对参观著名地标的人罚款”以及“充分关注探索替代方案所带来的有意义的体验、公平的经济效益和可持续的实践”应是属于“旅游官员”的责任范畴。] 高频词汇 A篇：barrier n．障碍物reflect v．反射respectively adv．分别地avoidance n．避免internal adj．内部的trial n．试验 B篇：sharp adj．急剧的 controversial adj．有争议的sensitivity n．敏感性 C篇：capacity n．容量；承受能力insignificant adj．微不足道的landscape n．景观；地貌 surpass v．超过；超越(文中指游客数量超过疫情前水平) sustainable adj．可持续的 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 熟词生义 A篇：film (常见义) n．电影 (文中义) n．薄膜 B篇：flexible (常见义) adj．灵活的 (文中义) adj．(电力系统)可调节的，能适应波动的 C篇：stage (常见义) n．舞台；阶段 (文中义) vt．组织；发起 charge (常见义) n．充电；收费 (文中义) v．罚款 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 重点短语 A篇：figure out 弄清楚，解决break down 分析，分解as well 也，同样 B篇：vast quantities of 大量的switch on/off打开/关闭 be sensitive to对……敏感，易受……影响 C篇：put pressure on施加压力给…… in the long run从长远来看 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 A篇：He is the corresponding author of a recent study which tries to figure out how this basic reality of physics impacts on a bird's experience as it flies near a standard window． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 结构分析： 主句：He is the corresponding author of a recent study 定语从句：which tries to figure out... 修饰“study”，其中嵌套宾语从句：how this basic reality of physics impacts on a bird's experience。 时间状语从句：as it flies near a standard window (“it”指代“a bird”) 译文：他是最近一项研究的通讯作者，该研究试图弄清楚这一基本物理现象如何影响鸟类在普通窗户附近飞行时的体验。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 B篇：Gas power plants，which can be switched on and off relatively easily，are frequently relied on to provide power when renewable generation is low． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 结构分析： 主干：Gas power plants are relied on to provide power 修饰成分： “which can be switched on and off relatively easily”为非限制性定语从句。 “when renewable generation is low”为时间状语从句。 译文：燃气电厂因其启闭相对灵活，常在可再生能源发电量不足时被用来供电。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 C篇：Thailand's historic city of Chiang Mai has recently charged a $147.5 fine for tourists wearing unsuitable clothing in temple zones，alongside cultural training for guides assisting international visitors，which comes as the city experiences an explosion in tourism，putting pressure on its culture． 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 结构分析： 主句：Chiang Mai has charged a $147.5 fine for tourists... alongside cultural training... 动词-ing形式短语作定语：wearing unsuitable clothing in temple zones (修饰 tourists) 定语从句：which comes as the city experiences an explosion in tourism(which 指代前文“罚款和培训”，as 引导时间状语从句) 动词-ing形式短语作结果状语：putting pressure on its culture (表示旅游业激增的结果) 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 难句分析 译文：泰国历史名城清迈最近对在寺庙区域穿着不当的游客处以 147.5 美元罚款，并为协助国际游客的导游提供文化培训，这是因为该市旅游业激增，对其文化造成了压力。 专项练 随堂演练 考点3 考点2 考点1 第四讲　主旨大意题 谢 谢！ Lavf58.20.100 $