Unit 1 Past and present 阅读回答问题10篇（单元话题：时代变迁）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（译林版）

Unit 1 Past and present 阅读回答问题10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 时代变迁 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 The rise of Shenzhen: a city of innovation In about 40 years, Shenzhen, a city in southern China, has developed from a fishing village to a top high-tech city. A pioneer in China’s reform and opening up, Shenzhen has attracted workers from across the world. Innovation lies at the very heart of the city. It has risen to become an important centre for technology industries in the world and is home to many tech giants. Today, it is leading the move from “Made in China” to “Created in China”. Shenzhen is also active in its drive to become a cultural centre. It offers a wealth of cultural facilities with libraries, museums, theatres and art spaces, as well as many excellent cultural and educational activities. Moreover, the city has won an award from UNESCO for being a role model in encouraging reading among the public. Shenzhen is working to improve the quality of life for its citizens as well. The city has over 1,000 parks and more than 3,000 kilometres of greenways. Even among the busy streets and tall buildings, you can find peace and quiet in this modern city. Shenzhen is the first city in the world to use green energy for almost all its buses and taxis. “Electric buses produce less air pollution and make little noise, and now people here are enjoying a cleaner environment,” said a city planner. Since the late 1970s,Shenzhen has developed at an amazing speed and has become a symbol of China’s development. The city’s pioneering spirit, together with the hard work and creativity of its citizens, is certainly the key to Shenzhen’s success. 1．What has Shenzhen developed from in about 40 years? 2．What lies at the very heart of Shenzhen? 3．What is special about Shenzhen’s buses and taxis? 4．When did Shenzhen begin its rapid development? 5．What is the key to Shenzhen’s success? 【答案】1．It has developed from a fishing village. 2．Innovation./Innovation lies at the very heart of Shenzhen. 3．They use green energy./They are electric buses and taxis. 4．Since the late 1970s. 5．The pioneering spirit, hard work and creativity of the citizens. 【导语】本文主要介绍了深圳在大约40年里从一个渔村发展成为高科技城市的过程，阐述了深圳在科技创新、文化发展、提升市民生活质量方面的成果，以及深圳快速发展的起始时间和成功的关键因素。 1．根据第一段首句“In about 40 years, Shenzhen, a city in southern China, has developed from a fishing village to a top high-tech city.”可知，大约40年里，深圳从一个渔村发展起来。故填It has developed from a fishing village. 2．根据第一段“Innovation lies at the very heart of the city.”可知，创新位于深圳的核心。故填Innovation./Innovation lies at the very heart of Shenzhen. 3．根据第三段“Shenzhen is the first city in the world to use green energy for almost all its buses and taxis. ‘Electric buses produce less air pollution and make little noise, and now people here are enjoying a cleaner environment,’ said a city planner.”可知，深圳的公交车和出租车使用绿色能源，是电动公交车和出租车。故填They use green energy./They are electric buses and taxis. 4．根据最后一段“Since the late 1970s, Shenzhen has developed at an amazing speed and has become a symbol of China’s development.”可知，深圳从20世纪70年代末开始快速发展。故填Since the late 1970s. 5．根据最后一段“The city’s pioneering spirit, together with the hard work and creativity of its citizens, is certainly the key to Shenzhen’s success.”可知，深圳成功的关键是市民的开拓精神、努力工作和创造力。故填The pioneering spirit, hard work and creativity of the citizens. A rich man was once riding along the road and saw an old man digging in his garden. On the ground lay a young tree, ready to be planted. The rich man called out to the old man, “What kind of tree are you planting there, my good man?” “This is a fig (无花果) tree, sir.” He said. “A fig tree?” the rich man was very surprised, “Why, how old are you, may I ask?” “I am ninety years old.” “What!” laughed the rich man, “You’re ninety years old. You are planting a very young tree now and it’ll take years to give fruit. You certainly don’t hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree.” The old man looked around the garden. Then he said with a smile, “Tell me, sir. Did you eat figs when you were a boy?” “Sure,” the man did not know why he asked this question. “Then tell me this,” he said, “Who planted the fig trees?” “Why? I don’t know.” “You see, sir.” went on the old man, “Our forefathers planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.” The rich man was quiet and said, “You are right, my good man. We should do some things for the people after us. Thank you very much.” Then he rode away. 1．How old was the old man? 2．What tree was the old man planting when the rich man saw him? 3．Who was he planting the tree for? 4．Why did the rich man laugh at the old man at first? 5．Why was the rich man quiet in the end? 【答案】1．Ninety years old. 2．A fig tree. 3．The people after him. 4．Because the old man was so old that he wasn’t able to eat the fruit. 5．Because he was moved by the old man’s behavior. 【导语】本文讲述了一个九十岁的老人种植了一棵小树，一个富人觉得这个老人年纪太大了，可能活不到果树结出果实了，但老人告诉他后人可以吃上果实就行了。富人意识到我们应该为后人做一些事。 1．根据第四段“I am ninety years old.”可知，老人九十岁。故填Ninety years old. 2．根据第二段“‘This is a fig (无花果) tree, sir.’ He said.”可知，当富人看到老人时，他正在种无花果树。故填A fig tree. 3．根据第五段“Our forefathers planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.”可知，老人在为后人种树。故填The people after him. 4．根据第五段“You’re ninety years old. You are planting a very young tree now and it’ll take years to give fruit. You certainly don’t hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree.”可知，富人一开始嘲笑老人是因为他认为老人太老了，他不能吃到他种的果树结的果实了。故填Because the old man was so old that he wasn’t able to eat the fruit. 5．根据第五段“Our forefathers planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.”和最后一段“The rich man was quiet and said, ‘You are right, my good man. We should do some things for the people after us. Thank you very much.’”可知，富人被老人的行为感动了。故填Because he was moved by the old man’s behavior. One evening, Anne was at home doing her homework. Matthew was home, but Marilla went to town with the Barrys and Mrs. Lynde. Suddenly, Anne looked up and saw Diana standing at the door. She looked very worried. “What is the matter, Diana?” cried Anne. “Oh, Anne,” said Diana nervously. “Minnie May is ill!” Matthew knew Diana’s father and mother were away in town. He quietly got his cap and coat and went for the doctor. The two little girls ran to Diana’s house hand in hand. Minnie May was Diana’s three-year-old sister. She was very sick. Anne saw her and immediately (立即) went to work. She looked after many children before and knew what to do. “First we must have lots of hot water. Put the fire on. I’m going to give her some medicine (药).” Minnie May did not like the medicine, but Anne did not give up. All night, Diana and Anne stayed with Minnie May. It was three o’clock when Matthew came with the doctor. But by then, Minnie May was sleeping. Anne told the doctor what she did. He was very impressed. Later on, he told Mr. and Mrs. Barry, “That little red-headed girl is very smart. She saved that baby’s life.” The next day at dinner, Marilla had something important to tell Anne. “Mrs. Barry was here this afternoon, Anne. She says thank you, and she is very sorry she acted as she did about the wine (酒).” That night, Anne was invited to the Barry’s for a lovely dinner. They all said wonderful things about her, and she felt very special. 根据短文内容回答下列问题（每题答案不超过6个单词） 1．What made Diana worried and nervous?      2．When did Matthew come back with the doctor?     3．Who saved Minnie May’s life according to the doctor?    4．Why did Mrs. Barry come to Anne’s home this afternoon?   5．What do you think of Anne according to the passage?    【答案】1．Minnie May was very sick./Her sister’s sickness./… 2．It was three o’clock./(At) three o’clock. 3．Anne. 4．To say sorry and show thanks./To thank Anne and say sorry. /… 5．She was helpful/kind/smart… (符合文意即可) 【导语】 本文主要讲述了Anne通过自己照顾孩子的经验，在医生到来之前，拯救了一个孩子的生命。 1．根据文中“‘Oh, Anne,’ said Diana nervously. ‘Minnie May is ill!’”可知，米妮·梅病得很重使戴安娜担心和紧张，故填Minnie May was very sick./Her sister’s sickness./… 2．根据文中“It was three o’clock when Matthew came with the doctor.”可知，马修和医生一起来的时候已经三点钟了，故填It was three o’clock./(At) three o’clock. 3．根据文中“Anne told the doctor what she did. He was very impressed. Later on, he told Mr. and Mrs. Barry, ‘That little red-headed girl is very smart. She saved that baby’s life.’”可知，医生说安妮救了米妮·梅的命，故填Anne. 4．根据文中“Mrs. Barry was here this afternoon, Anne. She says thank you, and she is very sorry she acted as she did about the wine (酒).”可知，巴里太太今天下午到安妮家来表示歉意和感谢，故填To say sorry and show thanks./To thank Anne and say sorry. /… 5．本文主要讲述了Anne通过自己照顾孩子的经验，在医生到来之前，拯救了一个孩子的生命，所以安妮是一个乐于助人的/善良的/聪明的人，故填She was helpful/kind/smart… (符合文意即可) A father and his son went to a kite-flying festival. The son was full of joy when he saw the sky filled with colorful kites. He wanted to fly a kite, too. The father then bought a kite for him. The son started to fly the kite. Soon, his kite was high up in the sky. After a while, he said, “Father, it seems that the string (线) is stopping the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, the kite will fly even higher. Can we cut it?” The father cut the string. The kite started to go higher. This made the little boy happy. But then, slowly, the kite started to come down. And finally, it fell to the ground. The son was surprised to see this. He asked his father, “I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher. Why did it fall down?” The father explained, “The string was not stopping the kite from going higher, but was helping it stay in the sky. You helped the kite go up in the right direction using the string. But when you cut the string, it could no longer support the kite.” Sometimes, we may feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that support us the most. That is, control can also be support. 根据短文内容回答问题（每小题答案不超过6个单词）。 1．How did the son feel when he saw the colorful kites? 2．Where did the son see the colorful kites? 3．Why did the son want to cut the string? 4．According to the passage, what happened to the kite in the end after the string was cut? 5．What can we learn from the passage? 【答案】1．Happy./Joyful. 2．(High up) in the sky. 3．To make/let/help the kite fly higher/go higher/go up. 4．It fell to the ground/fell down. 5．Control can also be support. 【导语】本文讲述一个父亲和儿子放风筝的故事。父亲带儿子参加风筝节，并一起放风筝，应儿子的要求剪断了风筝线，一开始风筝飞得更高，但是后来风筝就掉下来了。父亲以此告诉孩子，有些东西看似阻碍了我们，但是正是这些东西支撑着我们前进。 1．根据“The son was full of joy when he saw the sky filled with colorful kites.”可知，当儿子看到天空中放满了五颜六色的风筝时，他满心欢喜。故填Happy./Joyful. 2．根据“... the sky filled with colorful kites.”可知，五颜六色的风筝在高空中。故填(High up) in the sky. 3．根据“Father, it seems that the string (线) is stopping the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, the kite will fly even higher. Can we cut it?”可知，儿子认为风筝线阻止了风筝飞得更高，由此可知他想剪断风筝线是为了让风筝飞得更高。故填To make/let/help the kite fly higher/go higher/go up. 4．根据“And finally, it fell to the ground.”可知，风筝最后掉到地上了。故填It fell to the ground/fell down. 5．通读全文和最后一句“That is, control can also be support.”可知，父亲带儿子参加风筝节，并一起放风筝，应儿子的要求剪断了风筝线，一开始风筝飞得更高，但是后来风筝就掉下来了。父亲以此告诉孩子，有些东西看似阻碍了我们，但是正是这些东西支撑着我们前进。故填Control can also be support. 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 I used to live in a small town with trees all around. It has been about thirty years since I left my hometown. But I still remember what it was exactly like. And I often “see” it in many of my dreams. My hometown is a beautiful place. It stands beside a wide river and is rich in fish and rice. But in the old days it was a poor little town. Many people had no work. They lived a hard life. There was no tall building and the only street was narrow (狭窄的). But trees and flowers made the town beautiful. Just outside the town, there was a river. You could see different kinds of fish swimming in the clear water. People here lived a simple life. Since the government took a new policy (政策), great changes have taken place there. The streets have been widened. Factories, schools, hospitals, cinemas and theaters have been built one after another. People’s life is greatly improved. You can see tall buildings, big department stores and factories everywhere. Different kinds of cars and buses are running in the wide streets. But with the development of the industry, we have fewer trees. Air pollution and water pollution are becoming more and more serious. And there are also other problems. We should try our best to make it richer. At the same time we must do something to stop pollution. 1．When did the writer leave his hometown? 2．What was the life that people lived in the old days like? 3．Why has the town changed a lot? 4．What are the bad results of the development of the industry? (至少写两点) 5．What should we do to make our city better? 【答案】1．About thirty years ago. 2．They lived a hard but simple life. 3．Because the government took a new policy. 4．The town has fewer trees. Also air pollution and water pollution are becoming more and more serious.(有两点即可得满分) 5．We should try our best to make it richer and do something to stop pollution./We should plant more trees and flowers...(答案合理即可) 【导语】本文讲述了作者对家乡的回忆和家乡的变化。 1．根据“It has been about thirty years since I left my hometown.”可知，作者大约在30年前离开家乡。故填About thirty years ago. 2．根据“Many people had no work. They lived a hard life”和“People here lived a simple life.”可知，他们过着艰苦而简单的生活。故填They lived a hard but simple life. 3．根据“Since the government took a new policy (政策), great changes have taken place there. ”可知，自从政府新政策以来，家乡发生了很大的变化。故填Because the government took a new policy. 4．根据“But with the development of the industry, we have fewer trees. Air pollution and water pollution are becoming more and more serious”可知，随着工业的发展，家乡的树越来越少，空气污染和水污染都变得越来越严重。故填The town has fewer trees. Also air pollution and water pollution are becoming more and more serious. 5．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为We should try our best to make it richer and do something to stop pollution./We should plant more trees and flowers.. 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。 My hometown Nanjing is in the eastern part of China. As the capital of Jiangsu, it is a modern and busy city. And it is one of the cities with the longest history in China. With the development of the economy (经济), it has changed a lot in the past few years. For one thing, people took tramcars (有轨电车) to go out in the past. But now many people choose to take a subway because of its convenience (便捷). What’s more, taking a taxi becomes very popular. It has an app on the phone, and some people use it to call a taxi. It may be much cheaper. Besides, the building is different from the past. In the past, the tallest building in Nanjing was Jinling Hotel. It had 37 floors. At that time, the tallest building is Zifeng Tower. It has 78 floors. Different from the past, you can see tall buildings everywhere in Nanjing. As for the environment, in the 1980s and before, Nanjing was full of trees, people paid little attention to the importance of plants and fresh air. Plants were cut down and the air got worse. Now, to improve the living place, people take all actions to grow plants and cut down pollution. The environment is getting better now. 1．What is Nanjing like? 2．How many kinds of transportation (交通) are mentioned (提及) in Paragraph 2? 3．How do young people call a taxi? 4．Is Jinling Hotel the tallest building in Nanjing? 5．Why is the environment of Nanjing getting better now? 【答案】1．It is a modern and busy city. 2．Three. 3．They use an app on the phone to call a taxi. 4．No, it isn’t. 5．Because people take all actions to grow plants and cut down pollution. 【导语】本文介绍了南京的变化。 1．根据“My hometown Nanjing is in the eastern part of China. As the capital of Jiangsu, it is a modern and busy city.”可知，南京是一个现代且繁华的城市。故填It is a modern and busy city. 2．根据“For one thing, people took tramcars (有轨电车) to go out in the past.”、“But now many people choose to take a subway because of its convenience (便捷).”以及“What’s more, taking a taxi becomes very popular.”可知，第二段提到了有轨电车、地铁和出租车三种交通方式。故填Three. 3．根据“What’s more, taking a taxi becomes very popular. It has an app on the phone, and some people use it to call a taxi.”可知，他们用手机上的应用程序叫出租车。故填They use an app on the phone to call a taxi. 4．根据“In the past, the tallest building in Nanjing was Jinling Hotel.”以及“Different from the past, you can see tall buildings everywhere in Nanjing.”可知，金陵饭店不是南京最高的建筑，因此答案是否定的。故填No, it isn’t. 5．根据“Now, to improve the living place, people take all actions to grow plants and cut down pollution. The environment is getting better now.”可知，现在，为了改善生活环境，人们采取一切措施种植植物，减少污染。故填Because people take all actions to grow plants and cut down pollution. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Last Saturday we went to the village to visit my grandparents. In fact, I didn’t like going there before because it was really small and dirty there. Many people think the air in the village is usually better than that in the city. But I don’t think the same is true of my grandparents’ village because there is a small paper factory there. The air there was even worse. However, all these reasons were not the most important reasons that I didn’t want to go to my grandparents’ village. The true reason was that the life in the village was so boring that I had nothing interesting to do. But this time, I was glad to see everything different. The old paper factory closed down and the government(政府) built a new one. It’s said that it has the newest sewage treatment system(污水处理系统) in our country. It worked so well that the air became a lot cleaner. What’s more, the government built a new park there so that the villagers have a good place to relax. Now my grandparents’ village is becoming better and the villagers’ life is more colorful than before. 1．When did the writer go to the village to visit his grandparents? 2．Why was the air in the village even worse than that in the city before? 3．Did the writer have anything interesting to do in the village? 4．Who built a new park for the villagers to relax? 5．What is the villagers’ life like now? 【答案】1．Last Saturday. 2．Because there was a small paper factory there. 3．No. 4．The government. 5．It is more colorful than before. 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章通过描写作者去村子不同的情感变化，展现出村子的变化。 1．根据“Last Saturday we went to the village to visit my grandparents.”可知, 作者是上周六拜访祖父母的。故填Last Saturday. 2．根据“Many people think the air in the village is usually better than that in the city. But I don’t think the same is true of my grandparents’ village because there is a small paper factory there. The air there was even worse.”可知，是因为有个小造纸厂，所以农村的空气很糟糕。故填Because there was a small paper factory there. 3．根据“The true reason was that the life in the village was so boring that I had nothing interesting to do.”可知，在村子里没有有趣的事情可做。故填No. 4．根据“What’s more, the government built a new park there so that the villagers have a good place to relax.”可知，是政府建的新公园。故填The government. 5．根据“Now my grandparents’ village is becoming better and the villagers’ life is more colorful than before.”可知，村民的生活比以前更加丰富多彩。故填It is more colorful than before. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 From Parkville to Arnwick: problems and solutions Jo is fifteen and lives in Parkville. When Jo’s grandparents first came to Parkville, it was a quiet village. They had a small house, close to fields and hills. Parkville was near Arnwick, a city with a population of 10,000,000. People from Parkville moved to Arnwick to find jobs. However, it was expensive to live in the city centre, so the government built flats outside the centre. Soon, Parkville became part of Arnwick, and the population of Arnwick became even larger. It is very crowded, and rubbish is also a problem. Jo lives in one of those flats. But for her, going to school is a problem. The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago, and getting to the nearest school in Arnwick takes her an hour by bus. The traffic is always bad, not to mention the air pollution. Luckily, the government is making a great effort to solve Arnwick’s problems with better public services. There will be more schools, so pupils won’t need to travel far. The government is reducing air pollution from traffic. There will also be more local hospitals to meet the needs of the increasing population. The story of Arnwick is just a story, but it describes what is happening in the real world. With populations rising, cities should try to create a more enjoyable, comfortable and convenient living environment. 1．What was Parkville like in the past? 2．Why did people move from Parkville to Arnwick? 3．Is it easy for Jo to go to the nearest school now? 4．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? 5．Do you think all the problems will disappear (消失) if people go back to their own village? Why? 【答案】1．It was a quiet village. 2．To find jobs. 3．No, it isn’t. 4．The government is making a great effort to solve Arnwick’s problems with better public services. 5．No. Because there be new problems if they go back to their own village. 【导语】本文主要讲述了Arnwick如何应对人口增长带来的问题。 1．根据“When Jo’s grandparents first came to Parkville, it was a quiet village. ”可知Parkville过去是一个安静的村庄，故填It was a quiet village. 2．根据“People from Parkville moved to Arnwick to find jobs.”可知人们搬到Arnwick去找工作。故填To find jobs. 3．根据“The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago, and getting to the nearest school in Arnwick takes her an hour by bus.”可知她坐公共汽车要花一个小时才能到达最近的Arnwick学校，所以并不容易。故填No, it isn’t. 4．根据“Luckily, the government is making a great effort to solve Arnwick’s problems with better public services.”可知第四段讲述了政府正在努力通过更好的公共服务来解决Arnwick的问题。故填The government is making a great effort to solve Arnwick’s problems with better public services. 5．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为No. Because there be new problems if they go back to their own village. 重难语篇练习 Shanghai-born novelist Lu Shi’e wrote a fantasy novel called New China in 1910. In the book he described a dream where trains were running underground, an iron bridge crossed the Huangpu River and Shanghai hosted a successful World Exposition in the underdeveloped Pudong area at that time. The blueprint (蓝图) described in the novel became real exactly after 100 years. On 1 May 2010, the World Exposition, with about 160 years of history, drew back its curtain in Shanghai. According to the Organizing Committee (组织委员会) of the World Exposition 2010, Shanghai, it was expected to attract more than 70 million visitors, making it the most popular exposition in history. It was also the first time that the World Exposition had been held in a developing country. About 600 years ago, Shanghai was just a small fishing village in China’s eastern coastal area. It grew into a commercial (商业的) city thanks to its prosperous (繁荣的) port and Shanghai also became one of the first Chinese cities that opened their doors to the world. Along the way, it became the economic and commercial hub of China. Today, Shanghai has become an international metropolis (大都会). 回答下列问题，每题答案不超过10个词。 1．How many visitors would the Shanghai Exposition attract according to the material? 2．What was Shanghai like about 600 years ago? 3．When did the blueprint become real? 4．What’s the passage mainly about? 5．What do you think of Shanghai’s great changes? 【答案】1．More than 70 million. 2．A small fishing village. 3．After 100 years. 4．The history of Shanghai./The development of Shanghai./The change of Shanghai. 5．Amazing. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了1910年小说家笔下对上海未来的构想，介绍了上海从600年前的小渔村发展为2010年举办世博会的国际大都会的历程，展现了上海的巨大变化。 1．根据“it was expected to attract more than 70 million visitors”可知，上海世博会预计会吸引超过7000万游客。故填More than 70 million. 2．根据“About 600 years ago, Shanghai was just a small fishing village in China’s eastern coastal area.”可知，大约600年前，上海只是一个小渔村。故填A small fishing village. 3．根据“The blueprint (蓝图) described in the novel became real exactly after 100 years.”可知，小说描述的蓝图在100年后成真。故填After 100 years. 4．本文主要介绍了上海的发展与变迁。故填The history of Shanghai./The development of Shanghai./The change of Shanghai. 5．开放性试题，言之成理即可。参考答案为Amazing. 阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。 Sanjiangyuan, meaning “source of three rivers”, is an area in Northwest China’s Qinghai province and an important part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (青藏高原). It is home to the headwaters of China’s three major rivers: the Yellow, Yangtze and Lancang. During the past 20 years, the reserve has seen great changes and progress. Tsewang Gyaltsen, an environmental protection worker in Qinghai province, said that because of illegal mining (非法采矿) in the 1990s, a large part of the land wasdesertified(沙化). The government, social organizations and local people have all acted to solve this problem. The government is improving the ecological protection management system (生态保护管理制度) and Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve has become part of Sanjiangyuan National Park and is under strict protection. The organization that Tsewang Gyaltsen works for also organizes nature education events. Taking teenagers to mountains and lakes, it gets younger generations to take an interest in environmental protection. Sanjiangyuan is changing for the better. It’s now a good home for wild animals, saidXinhua. The wild animal population is rising. The number of Xizangan antelopes has increased from less than 20,000 in the 1990s to over 70,000. But Sanjiangyuan still faces difficulties. “The biggest challenge now is the possible loss of grassland and melting frozen soil (冻土) caused by global warming,” said Tsewang Gyaltsen. “So we hope more people can come together in the environmental protection of Sanjiangyuan and make it even better.” 1．What are the three major rivers of Sanjingyuan? 2．What problem did land in Sanjiangyuan face in the 1990s? 3．How does the government act to deal with the environmental problem? 4．Why did the writer mention Xizangan antelopes in Paragraph 6? 5．What is Tsewang Gyaltsen’s hope? 【答案】1．The Yellow River, Yangtze River and Lancang River. 2．The land was desertified./Desertification. 3．The government is improving the ecological protection management system. 4．To show that Sanjiangyuan is changing for the better. 5．More people can take action to protect Sanjiangyuan. 【导语】本文主要介绍了三江源国家级自然保护区的变化。 1．根据“It is home to the headwaters of China’s three major rivers: the Yellow, Yangtze and Lancang.”可知，它是中国三大河流——黄河、长江和澜沧江的源头。故填The Yellow River, Yangtze River and Lancang River. 2．根据“Tsewang Gyaltsen, an environmental protection worker in Qinghai province, said that because of illegal mining (非法采矿) in the 1990s, a large part of the land was desertified (沙化). ”可知，20世纪90年代，三江源的土地面临着大部分土地都变成了荒漠化的问题。故填The land was desertified./Desertification. 3．根据“The government is improving the ecological protection management system (生态保护管理制度)”可知，政府正在完善生态保护管理体系来解决环境问题。故填The government is improving the ecological protection management system. 4．根据“Sanjiangyuan is changing for the better. It’s now a good home for wild animals, saidXinhua. The wild animal population is rising. The number of Xizangan antelopes has increased from less than 20,000 in the 1990s to over 70,000.”可知，作者拿藏羚羊举例是为了表明三江源正在变得更好。故填To show that Sanjiangyuan is changing for the better. 5．根据“‘So we hope more people can come together in the environmental protection of Sanjiangyuan’”可知，希望更多的人能参与到三江源的环境保护中来。故填More people can take action to protect Sanjiangyuan. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Past and present 阅读回答问题10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 时代变迁 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 The rise of Shenzhen: a city of innovation In about 40 years, Shenzhen, a city in southern China, has developed from a fishing village to a top high-tech city. A pioneer in China’s reform and opening up, Shenzhen has attracted workers from across the world. Innovation lies at the very heart of the city. It has risen to become an important centre for technology industries in the world and is home to many tech giants. Today, it is leading the move from “Made in China” to “Created in China”. Shenzhen is also active in its drive to become a cultural centre. It offers a wealth of cultural facilities with libraries, museums, theatres and art spaces, as well as many excellent cultural and educational activities. Moreover, the city has won an award from UNESCO for being a role model in encouraging reading among the public. Shenzhen is working to improve the quality of life for its citizens as well. The city has over 1,000 parks and more than 3,000 kilometres of greenways. Even among the busy streets and tall buildings, you can find peace and quiet in this modern city. Shenzhen is the first city in the world to use green energy for almost all its buses and taxis. “Electric buses produce less air pollution and make little noise, and now people here are enjoying a cleaner environment,” said a city planner. Since the late 1970s,Shenzhen has developed at an amazing speed and has become a symbol of China’s development. The city’s pioneering spirit, together with the hard work and creativity of its citizens, is certainly the key to Shenzhen’s success. 1．What has Shenzhen developed from in about 40 years? 2．What lies at the very heart of Shenzhen? 3．What is special about Shenzhen’s buses and taxis? 4．When did Shenzhen begin its rapid development? 5．What is the key to Shenzhen’s success? A rich man was once riding along the road and saw an old man digging in his garden. On the ground lay a young tree, ready to be planted. The rich man called out to the old man, “What kind of tree are you planting there, my good man?” “This is a fig (无花果) tree, sir.” He said. “A fig tree?” the rich man was very surprised, “Why, how old are you, may I ask?” “I am ninety years old.” “What!” laughed the rich man, “You’re ninety years old. You are planting a very young tree now and it’ll take years to give fruit. You certainly don’t hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree.” The old man looked around the garden. Then he said with a smile, “Tell me, sir. Did you eat figs when you were a boy?” “Sure,” the man did not know why he asked this question. “Then tell me this,” he said, “Who planted the fig trees?” “Why? I don’t know.” “You see, sir.” went on the old man, “Our forefathers planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.” The rich man was quiet and said, “You are right, my good man. We should do some things for the people after us. Thank you very much.” Then he rode away. 1．How old was the old man? 2．What tree was the old man planting when the rich man saw him? 3．Who was he planting the tree for? 4．Why did the rich man laugh at the old man at first? 5．Why was the rich man quiet in the end? One evening, Anne was at home doing her homework. Matthew was home, but Marilla went to town with the Barrys and Mrs. Lynde. Suddenly, Anne looked up and saw Diana standing at the door. She looked very worried. “What is the matter, Diana?” cried Anne. “Oh, Anne,” said Diana nervously. “Minnie May is ill!” Matthew knew Diana’s father and mother were away in town. He quietly got his cap and coat and went for the doctor. The two little girls ran to Diana’s house hand in hand. Minnie May was Diana’s three-year-old sister. She was very sick. Anne saw her and immediately (立即) went to work. She looked after many children before and knew what to do. “First we must have lots of hot water. Put the fire on. I’m going to give her some medicine (药).” Minnie May did not like the medicine, but Anne did not give up. All night, Diana and Anne stayed with Minnie May. It was three o’clock when Matthew came with the doctor. But by then, Minnie May was sleeping. Anne told the doctor what she did. He was very impressed. Later on, he told Mr. and Mrs. Barry, “That little red-headed girl is very smart. She saved that baby’s life.” The next day at dinner, Marilla had something important to tell Anne. “Mrs. Barry was here this afternoon, Anne. She says thank you, and she is very sorry she acted as she did about the wine (酒).” That night, Anne was invited to the Barry’s for a lovely dinner. They all said wonderful things about her, and she felt very special. 根据短文内容回答下列问题（每题答案不超过6个单词） 1．What made Diana worried and nervous?      2．When did Matthew come back with the doctor?     3．Who saved Minnie May’s life according to the doctor?    4．Why did Mrs. Barry come to Anne’s home this afternoon?   5．What do you think of Anne according to the passage?    A father and his son went to a kite-flying festival. The son was full of joy when he saw the sky filled with colorful kites. He wanted to fly a kite, too. The father then bought a kite for him. The son started to fly the kite. Soon, his kite was high up in the sky. After a while, he said, “Father, it seems that the string (线) is stopping the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, the kite will fly even higher. Can we cut it?” The father cut the string. The kite started to go higher. This made the little boy happy. But then, slowly, the kite started to come down. And finally, it fell to the ground. The son was surprised to see this. He asked his father, “I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher. Why did it fall down?” The father explained, “The string was not stopping the kite from going higher, but was helping it stay in the sky. You helped the kite go up in the right direction using the string. But when you cut the string, it could no longer support the kite.” Sometimes, we may feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that support us the most. That is, control can also be support. 根据短文内容回答问题（每小题答案不超过6个单词）。 1．How did the son feel when he saw the colorful kites? 2．Where did the son see the colorful kites? 3．Why did the son want to cut the string? 4．According to the passage, what happened to the kite in the end after the string was cut? 5．What can we learn from the passage? 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 I used to live in a small town with trees all around. It has been about thirty years since I left my hometown. But I still remember what it was exactly like. And I often “see” it in many of my dreams. My hometown is a beautiful place. It stands beside a wide river and is rich in fish and rice. But in the old days it was a poor little town. Many people had no work. They lived a hard life. There was no tall building and the only street was narrow (狭窄的). But trees and flowers made the town beautiful. Just outside the town, there was a river. You could see different kinds of fish swimming in the clear water. People here lived a simple life. Since the government took a new policy (政策), great changes have taken place there. The streets have been widened. Factories, schools, hospitals, cinemas and theaters have been built one after another. People’s life is greatly improved. You can see tall buildings, big department stores and factories everywhere. Different kinds of cars and buses are running in the wide streets. But with the development of the industry, we have fewer trees. Air pollution and water pollution are becoming more and more serious. And there are also other problems. We should try our best to make it richer. At the same time we must do something to stop pollution. 1．When did the writer leave his hometown? 2．What was the life that people lived in the old days like? 3．Why has the town changed a lot? 4．What are the bad results of the development of the industry? (至少写两点) 5．What should we do to make our city better? 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。 My hometown Nanjing is in the eastern part of China. As the capital of Jiangsu, it is a modern and busy city. And it is one of the cities with the longest history in China. With the development of the economy (经济), it has changed a lot in the past few years. For one thing, people took tramcars (有轨电车) to go out in the past. But now many people choose to take a subway because of its convenience (便捷). What’s more, taking a taxi becomes very popular. It has an app on the phone, and some people use it to call a taxi. It may be much cheaper. Besides, the building is different from the past. In the past, the tallest building in Nanjing was Jinling Hotel. It had 37 floors. At that time, the tallest building is Zifeng Tower. It has 78 floors. Different from the past, you can see tall buildings everywhere in Nanjing. As for the environment, in the 1980s and before, Nanjing was full of trees, people paid little attention to the importance of plants and fresh air. Plants were cut down and the air got worse. Now, to improve the living place, people take all actions to grow plants and cut down pollution. The environment is getting better now. 1．What is Nanjing like? 2．How many kinds of transportation (交通) are mentioned (提及) in Paragraph 2? 3．How do young people call a taxi? 4．Is Jinling Hotel the tallest building in Nanjing? 5．Why is the environment of Nanjing getting better now? 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Last Saturday we went to the village to visit my grandparents. In fact, I didn’t like going there before because it was really small and dirty there. Many people think the air in the village is usually better than that in the city. But I don’t think the same is true of my grandparents’ village because there is a small paper factory there. The air there was even worse. However, all these reasons were not the most important reasons that I didn’t want to go to my grandparents’ village. The true reason was that the life in the village was so boring that I had nothing interesting to do. But this time, I was glad to see everything different. The old paper factory closed down and the government(政府) built a new one. It’s said that it has the newest sewage treatment system(污水处理系统) in our country. It worked so well that the air became a lot cleaner. What’s more, the government built a new park there so that the villagers have a good place to relax. Now my grandparents’ village is becoming better and the villagers’ life is more colorful than before. 1．When did the writer go to the village to visit his grandparents? 2．Why was the air in the village even worse than that in the city before? 3．Did the writer have anything interesting to do in the village? 4．Who built a new park for the villagers to relax? 5．What is the villagers’ life like now? 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 From Parkville to Arnwick: problems and solutions Jo is fifteen and lives in Parkville. When Jo’s grandparents first came to Parkville, it was a quiet village. They had a small house, close to fields and hills. Parkville was near Arnwick, a city with a population of 10,000,000. People from Parkville moved to Arnwick to find jobs. However, it was expensive to live in the city centre, so the government built flats outside the centre. Soon, Parkville became part of Arnwick, and the population of Arnwick became even larger. It is very crowded, and rubbish is also a problem. Jo lives in one of those flats. But for her, going to school is a problem. The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago, and getting to the nearest school in Arnwick takes her an hour by bus. The traffic is always bad, not to mention the air pollution. Luckily, the government is making a great effort to solve Arnwick’s problems with better public services. There will be more schools, so pupils won’t need to travel far. The government is reducing air pollution from traffic. There will also be more local hospitals to meet the needs of the increasing population. The story of Arnwick is just a story, but it describes what is happening in the real world. With populations rising, cities should try to create a more enjoyable, comfortable and convenient living environment. 1．What was Parkville like in the past? 2．Why did people move from Parkville to Arnwick? 3．Is it easy for Jo to go to the nearest school now? 4．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? 5．Do you think all the problems will disappear (消失) if people go back to their own village? Why? 重难语篇练习 Shanghai-born novelist Lu Shi’e wrote a fantasy novel called New China in 1910. In the book he described a dream where trains were running underground, an iron bridge crossed the Huangpu River and Shanghai hosted a successful World Exposition in the underdeveloped Pudong area at that time. The blueprint (蓝图) described in the novel became real exactly after 100 years. On 1 May 2010, the World Exposition, with about 160 years of history, drew back its curtain in Shanghai. According to the Organizing Committee (组织委员会) of the World Exposition 2010, Shanghai, it was expected to attract more than 70 million visitors, making it the most popular exposition in history. It was also the first time that the World Exposition had been held in a developing country. About 600 years ago, Shanghai was just a small fishing village in China’s eastern coastal area. It grew into a commercial (商业的) city thanks to its prosperous (繁荣的) port and Shanghai also became one of the first Chinese cities that opened their doors to the world. Along the way, it became the economic and commercial hub of China. Today, Shanghai has become an international metropolis (大都会). 回答下列问题，每题答案不超过10个词。 1．How many visitors would the Shanghai Exposition attract according to the material? 2．What was Shanghai like about 600 years ago? 3．When did the blueprint become real? 4．What’s the passage mainly about? 5．What do you think of Shanghai’s great changes? 阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。 Sanjiangyuan, meaning “source of three rivers”, is an area in Northwest China’s Qinghai province and an important part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (青藏高原). It is home to the headwaters of China’s three major rivers: the Yellow, Yangtze and Lancang. During the past 20 years, the reserve has seen great changes and progress. Tsewang Gyaltsen, an environmental protection worker in Qinghai province, said that because of illegal mining (非法采矿) in the 1990s, a large part of the land wasdesertified(沙化). The government, social organizations and local people have all acted to solve this problem. The government is improving the ecological protection management system (生态保护管理制度) and Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve has become part of Sanjiangyuan National Park and is under strict protection. The organization that Tsewang Gyaltsen works for also organizes nature education events. Taking teenagers to mountains and lakes, it gets younger generations to take an interest in environmental protection. Sanjiangyuan is changing for the better. It’s now a good home for wild animals, saidXinhua. The wild animal population is rising. The number of Xizangan antelopes has increased from less than 20,000 in the 1990s to over 70,000. But Sanjiangyuan still faces difficulties. “The biggest challenge now is the possible loss of grassland and melting frozen soil (冻土) caused by global warming,” said Tsewang Gyaltsen. “So we hope more people can come together in the environmental protection of Sanjiangyuan and make it even better.” 1．What are the three major rivers of Sanjingyuan? 2．What problem did land in Sanjiangyuan face in the 1990s? 3．How does the government act to deal with the environmental problem? 4．Why did the writer mention Xizangan antelopes in Paragraph 6? 5．What is Tsewang Gyaltsen’s hope? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $