专题09 形容词、副词考点归纳-2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）

专题07 形容词、副词考点归纳 考情分析 考点 考向 形容词和副词的辨析 词义辨析 形容词和副词的比较等级 ①原级：“as+adj./adv.+as”和“not+so/as+adj./adv.+as”结构 ②比较级（规则变化和不规则变化）：“比较级+than”“the+比较级，the+比较级”“比较级+and+比较级”等结构 ③最高级（规则变化和不规则变化）：“最高级（+...）+in/of/among...”“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”等结构 形容词的用法和构词法 ①作定语修饰名词，修饰复合不定代词时后置；作表语，位于系动词后 ②名词→形容词；动词→形容词；形容词的否定前缀 副词的分类、用法和构词法 ①方式副词、频度副词、时间副词、地点副词、程度副词和疑问副词/词组 ②副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和句子 ③形容词→副词 考点1 形容词的用法和构词法 一、形容词的用法 形容词是用来修饰名词（或代词）的一类词。其功能和位置如下： 功能 位置 示例 作定语 一般位于名词前，起描述、修饰的作用，即“adj.+n.” The nice girl is my sister. 修饰复合不定代词时，通常后置，即“something/anything/nobody/everyone/nothing/...+adj.” One day at school, something strange caught Ann's attention. 作表语 位于系动词后，即“be/feel/become/keep/...+adj.” Don't be afraid. You will feel sleepy if you stay up late. 作宾语补足语 常置于keep、make、think等动词之后作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质、状态或特征 You must keep your eyes closed. 1.作定语修饰名词（单个形容词前置） 例1They help children learn in a wonderful and （use）way. 2.作定语修饰名词（形容词或形容词短语后置） ·Like bees,flower flies eat pollen and nectar.This makes them easy to find in a garden full of flowers.像蜜蜂一样，花蝇吃花粉和花蜜。这使得它们很容易在长满鲜花的花园里被找到。 3.作定语修饰复合不定代词（形容词后置） 例2跨专题考点I advise you not to show on Wechat because it may cause trouble. A.anything personal B.personal anything C.something personal D.personal something 4.作表语（置于系动词后，构成系表结构） 例3If I didn't read,I would feel like something was m and I couldn't find it. 5.作宾语补足语 位于宾语之后，置于keep、make、leave等动词构成的结构中,说明宾语的性质、状态和特征。 跨专题考点链接形容词作宾语补足语与比较级 例4What makes life （value）than any other thing in the world is that it doesn't last forever. 二、形容词的构词法 1．动词→形容词 后/前缀 例词 -ed/-ing（-ed形容词修饰人，表示“感到……的”； -ing形容词修饰事物，表示“令人……的”） relax— / , interest— / , excite— / , disappoint— / , worry— / , amaze— / -ive act—______,create—________ -able enjoy—________,comfort—_________,value—________,change—________ a- live—____,sleep—______,wake—____ 其他 die—____,depend—________ 2．名词→形容词 后缀 例词 -y luck—____,health—______,sleep—______,sun—____,fun—____,noise—____ -ful success—________,help—______,harm—______,wonder—________,care—______ -al person—________,nation—________,nature—______,culture—________ -less help—________,end—______,meaning—__________,hope—________,use—______ -ly friend—________,love—______,day—____ -ous danger—________,humor—________ -ern south—________,north—________,east—______,west—______ -ese China—______,Japan—________ -en wood—______,gold—______ 其他 science—________,death—____,fool—______,pleasure—________ 3．形容词的否定前缀 前缀 例词 un- usual—______,lucky—______,comfortable—____________, believable—____________ im-/in- polite—________,dependent—__________ 随堂训练 1．The subway is always______（crowd）during rush hours in big cities,filled with people hurrying to work or school. 2．My grandmother looks very______（health）because she walks for an hour every day. 3．In Australia and some________（Europe）countries,offenders also get points on their driving licenses. 4．“I can't believe it,”Roberto said.“My own uncle wouldn't do that.It's______（possible）.” 5．Spending hours on electronic devices（设备）every day is______（harm）to teenagers'eyesight and may also affect their sleep quality and study efficiency（效率）. 6．Teenagers will feel____________（comfortable）and even get angry if someone reads their diaries. 7．Usually,it takes about one or two years to build a house in the__________（tradition）way. 8．Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest.Doing something________（meaning）can also get special pleasure. 考点2 副词的分类、用法和构词法 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词，表示方式、时间、地点、程度等概念。 一、副词的分类 分类 用法 例词 方式副词 表示方式（大多数由“形容词+-ly”构成，少数与形容词同形） slowly, politely, carefully, quietly, fast, hard 频度副词 表示动作的频率 sometimes, often, usually, always, seldom, never 时间副词 表示动作发生的时间，是句子时态的重要标志 now, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, already, yet 地点副词 表示动作发生的地点或位置关系 here, there, home, away, outside, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere 程度副词 多数修饰形容词和副词，少数修饰动词和介词短语 quite, so, much, too, even, very 疑问副词/词组 用于构成特殊疑问句 when, where, why, how, how long（多长;多久）, how often（多长时间一次）, how far（多远）, how soon （多长时间；多久） 二、副词的用法 功能 位置 示例 修饰形容词或其他副词 一般位于被修饰词前，即“adv.+adj./adv.” Our family bought a new smart TV set last week. It is really cool! 修饰动词 一般位于动词之后，动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之后，即“v.（+n.） + adv.” 注意：频度副词通常放在实义动词之前，情态动词、助动词和be动词之后 He is writing his letter carefully. People usually give gifts to someone they love or care about. 修饰整个句子 一般位于句首 Suddenly, the eagle opened its wings. 1.作修饰性的状语（修饰动词或动词短语、形容词或介词短语） 例5Some people don't like the fruit （simple）because of smell. 例6[2025无锡一模]The idea of giving students enough time to sleep is （wide）accepted. 2.作连接状语（在句子之间起连接作用） 例7—Wow,HUAWEI's tri-fold（三折叠）Phone!What a big surprise! —Read the instructions carefully. ,you may miss many useful functions（功能）. A.Moreover B.Otherwise C.However D.Instead 3.作句子状语（修饰整个句子） 例8—The boy got lost in the mountain for nearly a week. —Oh, （lucky）,he was found in a cave finally. 三、副词的构词法 大部分方式副词可由相应的形容词加上后缀-ly构成，但也有特殊的变化形式。 形容词变副词的规则 例词 一般直接在词尾加-ly great—______,quick—______,quiet—______,polite—________ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，通常先变y为i，再加-ly happy—______,heavy—______, angry—______,healthy—________ 特殊变化 simple—______,true—____, terrible—________,possible—________ 注：更多例词见《词句默背册》 拓展 有些词以-ly结尾，却为形容词，如lovely、lively、friendly、lonely、silly等；有些词以-ly结尾，兼有形容词和副词两种词性，如early、likely、daily等。 随堂训练 1．How do you write a letter?________（general）speaking,a letter includes three parts. 2．The young man didn't know what he should do.______（lucky）,a hiker saw him and helped him walk out of the park. 3．—Many students in our class like James because he never gets angry______（easy）. —I agree with you.He is very patient. 4．The beach is beautiful all through the year.I______（usual）drive there. 5．The car is old,but it still runs very____（good）. 考点3 形容词和副词的比较等级 一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est fast near 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r或-st late 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把y变i，再加-er或-est easy early 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big hot fat wet thin 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most careful beautiful quickly carefully 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well many/much bad/badly far little（少量） 二、形容词和副词的比较等级的常用结构 1.原级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 as+形容词/副词原形+as 和……一样…… She is as beautiful as her mother. I worked as hard as before. not+so/as+形容词/副词原形+as 不如……那样…… I can't type so fast as you. 拓展 原级的修饰语 表示程度的副词（quite、very、too、so、enough等）只能修饰形容词和副词原级。 例：①He is very tall. ②She is old enough to drive. 2.比较级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 比较级+than 比……更…… Cassie's room is bigger than mine. The weather here is hotter than that in Yunnan. 比较级+and+比较级 越来越…… It's getting warmer and warmer. the+比较级， the+比较级 越……，就越…… The more books you read, the more you know. Which/What/Who...+比较级, A or B? 哪一个/什么/谁更……,A还是B? Who plays tennis better, Mike or Sam? the+比较级+of the two... 两者中较……的那一个 Anne is the taller of the two girls. 拓展 比较级的修饰语 much、a lot、even、far、a little、a bit等可修饰比较级，放在比较级前面，表程度。 例：①It's a bit colder today than yesterday. ②She is much better today. 易错提示 more只能用于构成比较级,不可用于修饰比较级。 3.最高级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 （the+）最高级（+单数名词）+in/of/among+比较范围 在……中最…… It is the biggest city in China. Soccer is the most popular sport in the country. He could jump （the） farthest of all. one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一 He is one of the most popular singers. sth.+be+the+形容词最高级+名词（+that）+ sb.+have/has/had ever +过去分词 某事物是某人所有经历中最……的 He said it was the quietest and most beautiful place he had ever been to. the+序数词+形容词最高级 第几最……的 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 易错提示 形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the,但其前面有形容词性物主代词（my/his/...）或名词所有格（Lily's/China's/...）时不加the；副词最高级前的the可省略。 随堂训练 1．Nowadays electric cars give us a much （smooth）ride than earlier ones. 2．We students now use （few）throwaway products than before. 3．He gave me the （good）travel advice I had ever received:“Be like a student on your way around the world.” 4．Smiles and a helping hand can always make people （close）than a language can. 5．Now,people spend （little）time outdoors than before. 6．I thought it was the （nice）cake I had ever eaten.We sang,danced and talked and it was really a great time. 7．Collins-Green hopes that his works can help （many）Western people know China than before. 8．The Yangtze River is one of the （long）rivers in the world. 9．After a night's rain,the mountains are much greener and the air is much （fresh）. 10．In Spanish,you have to change the verbs（动词）for each person.But my （big）problem of all is the pronunciation. 11．Everyone in class was （excited）than ever before. 12．The （hard）you practise,the greater progress you will make. 13．—What will the future be like? —Cities will be （beautiful）.And there will be more trees. 14．Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the （strong）in their food chain. 16．—Our class did well in the school singing competition. —Yes,you sang （beautifully）of all. 17．I had been expecting the chance to fly into space for twenty-five years.It was the （happy）moment of my life to know that I could be in the mission. 18．Among the three actors,Mr.Black is always the （humorous）. 综合训练 一．填空题 1.Every time they worked,I always watched them （careful）. 2.I was （surprise）after hearing what he said. 3.When I was still little,my whole family would get together on different （tradition）festivals to have dinner. 4.One day,when he was on his way to school,he saw a （home）cat sitting in a box. 5.I felt free, （dependent）and completely in control of my life there until I knew I had bacterial meningitis（细菌性脑膜炎）. 6.The Sahara Desert is one of the （hot）places on Earth,with temperatures sometimes exceeding 50 degrees Celsius in summer. 7.Today Bao is still considered as one of the （great）officials in history and is loved by Chinese people. 8.In central Xi'an there is the Bell Tower—the （large）bell tower remaining in China. 9.China's BeiDou system has developed （quick）and it plays an important role in many fields. 10.We usually shake hands （polite）when meeting each other for the first time. 11.She was born in 1986 within the walls of another tulou in Yongding.“Of all the dangers,that of the tulou not being in use is the （great）one,”Lin said. 12.You will （certain）succeed if you try,since hard work always pays off. 13.The international influence of Yangzhou is getting than before.（strong） 14.Awful weather means spending more time indoors playing games,drawing or doing DIY.The situation will become even （bad）when a friend drops by. 15.They stop communicating with other people because they are only （interest）in studying. 16.The charming spring views of the Gusu City will surely make you feel （amaze）. 17.The （wise）you spend your pocket money,the happier you will be. 18.People's need for fireworks continues to rise （rapid）.They want the products which are （safe）,more creative and of higher quality. 19.When cultures meet,not just their language or clothing may be different.Often their food will be （great）different too. 20.Sugar cane（甘蔗）was first used to produce a kind of sweet juice over 8,000 years ago on the island of New Guinea.Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the （wide）world. 21.Su Shi,known as Su Dongpo,was a famous Chinese writer,poet and painter.When he was young,he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles.People thought （high）of him. 22.Gently and （care）,my grandfather put his pen in my hands.Tears filled my eyes.At that moment I decided to be a writer,too. 23.We can't throw used batteries away. ,they should be collected for special treatment. 二．从方框中选择恰当的词，并用其正确形式填空（每个词只能用一次） satisfied use quickly snowy 1.Susan likes____days.She can make a snowman. 2.The past can never be changed and it is to worry about the future.Why not enjoy the present? 3.I'm sorry to hear that you are not with our product. 4.Jack's dog ran out after he opened the door. 三．阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 Take lightning storms 1 （认真地）. If you're at the outdoors, it is important to know how to keep away from lightning. When thunder roars, go indoors. 2 （迅速地） go into a room such as a shopping center or an office. Are you in an open area？Make sure that you're not at the 3 （最高的） point, especially when you're in an open area. Getting 4 （低） to the ground can reduce your chances of being hit. Are you in a car？If you're in your car during a lightning storm, keep your windows 5 （关闭的） and keep an eye out. Stop the car when you can't see the road. 四.阅读下面短文，填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Ladies and gentlemen, we were very 1 （please） with the photo competition. Compared with other years, more photos were handed in. These winners are all chosen 2 （wise）. There are four prizes, so read on to find out who the winners are. The person who won the prize for the “Most Beautiful Nature” photography is fifteen-year-old Li Wei. Li took photos of the mountains in Xiangshan Park. It seems that we can still feel warm when watching the 3 （beauty） sunshine from his photos. The photo we liked best in the “Historic China” group was taken by Zhao Min. Zhao is only 12 years old. Her photo shows Tian'anmen Square, the 4 （large） public square in the world. It's 500 metres wide at the 5 （north） end. Her photo shows the size and beauty of the square, which seldom appears in other photos. The best photo in the “Music” category was taken by He Zhong who is fourteen years old. His photo shows the singer, Becky Wang. Becky is 6 （great） than any other hero in his heart. He is the very musician that dares to express the sounds of his great new band which are not allowed in his time. He feels really 7 （pride） of his wonderful photos. A collection of photos called the “Many Faces of Beijing” won the prize for the “Most Unusual” category. Three pupils at the same school worked on this entry. It 8 （successful） shows Beijing's rich culture and the photographers wonder if anyone likes it. Congratulations to our winners and thanks to everyone who has entered the competition! 五．短文填空综合练 A Last Saturday, my friends and I decided to have a picnic by the river. We were all 1 （excite）. We started preparing early in the morning. I filled several bottles with cold water and juice to keep us from getting 2 （thirst） during the day. By noon, we met at the park gate and walked to the riverside together. When we arrived, we put out sandwiches, fruits, and cookies. Just as we wanted to enjoy our food, an old man walked by. We greeted him 3 （polite）, and he smiled and wished us a 4 （love） day. As we ate, we chatted and laughed. We talked about school, hobbies, and funny stories. We neither complained about our homework nor discussed any 5 （bore） things. We just wanted to enjoy the moment. On the way home, we all agreed that this picnic was truly worth it. I believe it will become one of the 6 （happy） memories for us. B It's seven o'clock. My family are doing 1 （differ） things. My brother is learning English 2 （careful）, and he likes English. He does 3 （good） in the English test than before. My father is a dentist, and he is the 4 （busy） person in our family on weekdays, so he only stays at home on weekends. Now he is cooking for us. The room is filled with the delicious smell of my father's cooking. I can't wait to taste the food. My mom is helping me with my English 5 （patient）. She often helps me with my English because she thinks it's 6 use） to learn English well. And it's her best friend's birthday today. So she will 7 （happy） go to her friend's birthday party this evening. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 形容词、副词考点归纳 考情分析 考点 考向 形容词和副词的辨析 词义辨析 形容词和副词的比较等级 ①原级：“as+adj./adv.+as”和“not+so/as+adj./adv.+as”结构 ②比较级（规则变化和不规则变化）：“比较级+than”“the+比较级，the+比较级”“比较级+and+比较级”等结构 ③最高级（规则变化和不规则变化）：“最高级（+...）+in/of/among...”“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”等结构 形容词的用法和构词法 ①作定语修饰名词，修饰复合不定代词时后置；作表语，位于系动词后 ②名词→形容词；动词→形容词；形容词的否定前缀 副词的分类、用法和构词法 ①方式副词、频度副词、时间副词、地点副词、程度副词和疑问副词/词组 ②副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和句子 ③形容词→副词 考点1 形容词的用法和构词法 一、形容词的用法 形容词是用来修饰名词（或代词）的一类词。其功能和位置如下： 功能 位置 示例 作定语 一般位于名词前，起描述、修饰的作用，即“adj.+n.” The nice girl is my sister. 修饰复合不定代词时，通常后置，即“something/anything/nobody/everyone/nothing/...+adj.” One day at school, something strange caught Ann's attention. 作表语 位于系动词后，即“be/feel/become/keep/...+adj.” Don't be afraid. You will feel sleepy if you stay up late. 作宾语补足语 常置于keep、make、think等动词之后作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质、状态或特征 You must keep your eyes closed. 1.作定语修饰名词（单个形容词前置） 例1They help children learn in a wonderful and （use）way. 【答案】useful 2.作定语修饰名词（形容词或形容词短语后置） ·Like bees,flower flies eat pollen and nectar.This makes them easy to find in a garden full of flowers.像蜜蜂一样，花蝇吃花粉和花蜜。这使得它们很容易在长满鲜花的花园里被找到。 3.作定语修饰复合不定代词（形容词后置） 例2跨专题考点I advise you not to show on Wechat because it may cause trouble. A.anything personal B.personal anything C.something personal D.personal something 【答案】A 4.作表语（置于系动词后，构成系表结构） 例3If I didn't read,I would feel like something was m and I couldn't find it. 【答案】issing 5.作宾语补足语 位于宾语之后，置于keep、make、leave等动词构成的结构中,说明宾语的性质、状态和特征。 跨专题考点链接形容词作宾语补足语与比较级 例4What makes life （value）than any other thing in the world is that it doesn't last forever. 【答案】more valuable 二、形容词的构词法 1．动词→形容词 后/前缀 例词 -ed/-ing（-ed形容词修饰人，表示“感到……的”； -ing形容词修饰事物，表示“令人……的”） relax— / , interest— / , excite— / , disappoint— / , worry— / , amaze— / -ive act—______,create—________ -able enjoy—________,comfort—_________,value—________,change—________ a- live—____,sleep—______,wake—____ 其他 die—____,depend—________ [答案] （-ed/-ing）relaxed； relaxing； interested； interesting； excited； exciting； disappointed； disappointing； worried； worrying； amazed； amazing（-ive）active； creative（-able） enjoyable； comfortable； valuable； changeable（a-） alive； asleep； awake（其他） dead； dependent 2．名词→形容词 后缀 例词 -y luck—____,health—______,sleep—______,sun—____,fun—____,noise—____ -ful success—________,help—______,harm—______,wonder—________,care—______ -al person—________,nation—________,nature—______,culture—________ -less help—________,end—______,meaning—__________,hope—________,use—______ -ly friend—________,love—______,day—____ -ous danger—________,humor—________ -ern south—________,north—________,east—______,west—______ -ese China—______,Japan—________ -en wood—______,gold—______ 其他 science—________,death—____,fool—______,pleasure—________ [答案] （-y）lucky； healthy； sleepy； sunny； funny； noisy （-ful） successful； helpful； harmful； wonderful； careful （-al） personal； national； natural； cultural（-less） helpless； endless； meaningless； hopeless； useless（-ly） friendly； lovely； daily （-ous）dangerous； humorous（-ern）southern； northern； eastern； western（-ese） Chinese； Japanese（-en） wooden； golden（其他） scientific； dead； foolish； pleasant 3．形容词的否定前缀 前缀 例词 un- usual—______,lucky—______,comfortable—____________, believable—____________ im-/in- polite—________,dependent—__________ [答案] （un-）unusual； unlucky； uncomfortable； unbelievable （im-/in-） impolite； independent 随堂训练 1．The subway is always______（crowd）during rush hours in big cities,filled with people hurrying to work or school. [答案]crowded 2．My grandmother looks very______（health）because she walks for an hour every day. [答案]healthy 3．In Australia and some________（Europe）countries,offenders also get points on their driving licenses. [答案]European 4．“I can't believe it,”Roberto said.“My own uncle wouldn't do that.It's______（possible）.” [答案]impossible 5．Spending hours on electronic devices（设备）every day is______（harm）to teenagers'eyesight and may also affect their sleep quality and study efficiency（效率）. [答案]harmful 6．Teenagers will feel____________（comfortable）and even get angry if someone reads their diaries. [答案]uncomfortable 7．Usually,it takes about one or two years to build a house in the__________（tradition）way. [答案]traditional 8．Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest.Doing something________（meaning）can also get special pleasure. [答案]meaningful 考点2 副词的分类、用法和构词法 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词，表示方式、时间、地点、程度等概念。 一、副词的分类 分类 用法 例词 方式副词 表示方式（大多数由“形容词+-ly”构成，少数与形容词同形） slowly, politely, carefully, quietly, fast, hard 频度副词 表示动作的频率 sometimes, often, usually, always, seldom, never 时间副词 表示动作发生的时间，是句子时态的重要标志 now, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, already, yet 地点副词 表示动作发生的地点或位置关系 here, there, home, away, outside, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere 程度副词 多数修饰形容词和副词，少数修饰动词和介词短语 quite, so, much, too, even, very 疑问副词/词组 用于构成特殊疑问句 when, where, why, how, how long（多长;多久）, how often（多长时间一次）, how far（多远）, how soon （多长时间；多久） 二、副词的用法 功能 位置 示例 修饰形容词或其他副词 一般位于被修饰词前，即“adv.+adj./adv.” Our family bought a new smart TV set last week. It is really cool! 修饰动词 一般位于动词之后，动词若带宾语，则放在宾语之后，即“v.（+n.） + adv.” 注意：频度副词通常放在实义动词之前，情态动词、助动词和be动词之后 He is writing his letter carefully. People usually give gifts to someone they love or care about. 修饰整个句子 一般位于句首 Suddenly, the eagle opened its wings. 1.作修饰性的状语（修饰动词或动词短语、形容词或介词短语） 例5Some people don't like the fruit （simple）because of smell. 【答案】simply 例6[2025无锡一模]The idea of giving students enough time to sleep is （wide）accepted. 【答案】widely 2.作连接状语（在句子之间起连接作用） 例7—Wow,HUAWEI's tri-fold（三折叠）Phone!What a big surprise! —Read the instructions carefully. ,you may miss many useful functions（功能）. A.Moreover B.Otherwise C.However D.Instead 【答案】B 3.作句子状语（修饰整个句子） 例8—The boy got lost in the mountain for nearly a week. —Oh, （lucky）,he was found in a cave finally. 【答案】luckily三、副词的构词法 大部分方式副词可由相应的形容词加上后缀-ly构成，但也有特殊的变化形式。 形容词变副词的规则 例词 一般直接在词尾加-ly great—______,quick—______,quiet—______,polite—________ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，通常先变y为i，再加-ly happy—______,heavy—______, angry—______,healthy—________ 特殊变化 simple—______,true—____, terrible—________,possible—________ 注：更多例词见《词句默背册》 [答案]greatly； quickly； quietly； politely； happily； heavily； angrily； healthily； simply； truly； terribly； possibly 拓展 有些词以-ly结尾，却为形容词，如lovely、lively、friendly、lonely、silly等；有些词以-ly结尾，兼有形容词和副词两种词性，如early、likely、daily等。 随堂训练 1．How do you write a letter?________（general）speaking,a letter includes three parts. [答案]Generally 2．The young man didn't know what he should do.______（lucky）,a hiker saw him and helped him walk out of the park. [答案]Luckily 3．—Many students in our class like James because he never gets angry______（easy）. —I agree with you.He is very patient. [答案]easily 4．The beach is beautiful all through the year.I______（usual）drive there. [答案]usually 5．The car is old,but it still runs very____（good）. [答案]well 考点3 形容词和副词的比较等级 一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est fast faster fastest near nearer nearest 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r或-st late later latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把y变i，再加-er或-est easy easier easiest early earlier earliest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big hot fat wet thin bigger hotter fatter wetter thinner biggest hottest fattest wettest thinnest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most careful beautiful quickly carefully more careful more beautiful more quickly more carefully most careful most beautiful most quickly most carefully 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best many/much more most bad/badly worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest little（少量） less least 二、形容词和副词的比较等级的常用结构 1.原级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 as+形容词/副词原形+as 和……一样…… She is as beautiful as her mother. I worked as hard as before. not+so/as+形容词/副词原形+as 不如……那样…… I can't type so fast as you. 拓展 原级的修饰语 表示程度的副词（quite、very、too、so、enough等）只能修饰形容词和副词原级。 例：①He is very tall. ②She is old enough to drive. 2.比较级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 比较级+than 比……更…… Cassie's room is bigger than mine. The weather here is hotter than that in Yunnan. 比较级+and+比较级 越来越…… It's getting warmer and warmer. the+比较级， the+比较级 越……，就越…… The more books you read, the more you know. Which/What/Who...+比较级, A or B? 哪一个/什么/谁更……,A还是B? Who plays tennis better, Mike or Sam? the+比较级+of the two... 两者中较……的那一个 Anne is the taller of the two girls. 拓展 比较级的修饰语 much、a lot、even、far、a little、a bit等可修饰比较级，放在比较级前面，表程度。 例：①It's a bit colder today than yesterday. ②She is much better today. 易错提示 more只能用于构成比较级,不可用于修饰比较级。 3.最高级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 （the+）最高级（+单数名词）+in/of/among+比较范围 在……中最…… It is the biggest city in China. Soccer is the most popular sport in the country. He could jump （the） farthest of all. one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一 He is one of the most popular singers. sth.+be+the+形容词最高级+名词（+that）+ sb.+have/has/had ever +过去分词 某事物是某人所有经历中最……的 He said it was the quietest and most beautiful place he had ever been to. the+序数词+形容词最高级 第几最……的 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 易错提示 形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the,但其前面有形容词性物主代词（my/his/...）或名词所有格（Lily's/China's/...）时不加the；副词最高级前的the可省略。 随堂训练 1．Nowadays electric cars give us a much （smooth）ride than earlier ones. [答案]smoother 2．We students now use （few）throwaway products than before. [答案]fewer 3．He gave me the （good）travel advice I had ever received:“Be like a student on your way around the world.” [答案]best 4．Smiles and a helping hand can always make people （close）than a language can. [答案]closer 5．Now,people spend （little）time outdoors than before. [答案]less 6．I thought it was the （nice）cake I had ever eaten.We sang,danced and talked and it was really a great time. [答案]nicest 7．Collins-Green hopes that his works can help （many）Western people know China than before. [答案]more 8．The Yangtze River is one of the （long）rivers in the world. [答案]longest 9．After a night's rain,the mountains are much greener and the air is much （fresh）. [答案]fresher 10．In Spanish,you have to change the verbs（动词）for each person.But my （big）problem of all is the pronunciation. [答案]biggest 11．Everyone in class was （excited）than ever before. [答案]more excited 12．The （hard）you practise,the greater progress you will make. [答案]harder 13．—What will the future be like? —Cities will be （beautiful）.And there will be more trees. [答案]more beautiful 14．Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the （strong）in their food chain. [答案]strongest 16．—Our class did well in the school singing competition. —Yes,you sang （beautifully）of all. [答案]most beautifully 17．I had been expecting the chance to fly into space for twenty-five years.It was the （happy）moment of my life to know that I could be in the mission. [答案]happiest 18．Among the three actors,Mr.Black is always the （humorous）. [答案]most humorous 综合训练 一．填空题 1.Every time they worked,I always watched them （careful）. 【答案】carefully 2.I was （surprise）after hearing what he said. 【答案】surprised 3.When I was still little,my whole family would get together on different （tradition）festivals to have dinner. 【答案】traditional [解析]考查形容词的构词法。设空处修饰名词festivals，应用形容词。故填traditional。 4.One day,when he was on his way to school,he saw a （home）cat sitting in a box. 【答案】homeless 5.I felt free, （dependent）and completely in control of my life there until I knew I had bacterial meningitis（细菌性脑膜炎）. 【答案】independent 6.The Sahara Desert is one of the （hot）places on Earth,with temperatures sometimes exceeding 50 degrees Celsius in summer. 【答案】hottest 7.Today Bao is still considered as one of the （great）officials in history and is loved by Chinese people. 【答案】greatest [解析]考查形容词最高级。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为常用结构，表示“最……的……之一”。故填greatest。 8.In central Xi'an there is the Bell Tower—the （large）bell tower remaining in China. 【答案】largest 9.China's BeiDou system has developed （quick）and it plays an important role in many fields. 【答案】quickly 10.We usually shake hands （polite）when meeting each other for the first time. 【答案】politely 11.She was born in 1986 within the walls of another tulou in Yongding.“Of all the dangers,that of the tulou not being in use is the （great）one,”Lin said. 【答案】greatest 12.You will （certain）succeed if you try,since hard work always pays off. 【答案】certainly 13.The international influence of Yangzhou is getting than before.（strong） 【答案】stronger 14.Awful weather means spending more time indoors playing games,drawing or doing DIY.The situation will become even （bad）when a friend drops by. 【答案】worse 15.They stop communicating with other people because they are only （interest）in studying. 【答案】interested 16.The charming spring views of the Gusu City will surely make you feel （amaze）. 【答案】amazed 17.The （wise）you spend your pocket money,the happier you will be. 【答案】more wisely 18.People's need for fireworks continues to rise （rapid）.They want the products which are （safe）,more creative and of higher quality. 【答案】rapidly；safer 19.When cultures meet,not just their language or clothing may be different.Often their food will be （great）different too. 【答案】greatly 20.Sugar cane（甘蔗）was first used to produce a kind of sweet juice over 8,000 years ago on the island of New Guinea.Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the （wide）world. 【答案】wider 21.Su Shi,known as Su Dongpo,was a famous Chinese writer,poet and painter.When he was young,he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles.People thought （high）of him. 【答案】highly 22.Gently and （care）,my grandfather put his pen in my hands.Tears filled my eyes.At that moment I decided to be a writer,too. 【答案】carefully 23.We can't throw used batteries away. ,they should be collected for special treatment. 【答案】Instead 二．从方框中选择恰当的词，并用其正确形式填空（每个词只能用一次） satisfied use quickly snowy 1.Susan likes____days.She can make a snowman. 2.The past can never be changed and it is to worry about the future.Why not enjoy the present? 3.I'm sorry to hear that you are not with our product. 4.Jack's dog ran out after he opened the door. 【答案】1.snowy2.useless3.satisfied4.quickly 三．阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 Take lightning storms 1 （认真地）. If you're at the outdoors, it is important to know how to keep away from lightning. When thunder roars, go indoors. 2 （迅速地） go into a room such as a shopping center or an office. Are you in an open area？Make sure that you're not at the 3 （最高的） point, especially when you're in an open area. Getting 4 （低） to the ground can reduce your chances of being hit. Are you in a car？If you're in your car during a lightning storm, keep your windows 5 （关闭的） and keep an eye out. Stop the car when you can't see the road. 【答案】1．seriously2．Quickly3．highest4．low5．closed [解析]3．考查形容词最高级。由汉语提示及空前定冠词the可知,此处应该用最高级形式,故填highest。 4．考查形容词。这里表示降低身体高度,getting后面跟形容词,故填low。 5．考查形容词。空处是your windows的补语,结合汉语提示可知填closed。 四.阅读下面短文，填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Ladies and gentlemen, we were very 1 （please） with the photo competition. Compared with other years, more photos were handed in. These winners are all chosen 2 （wise）. There are four prizes, so read on to find out who the winners are. The person who won the prize for the “Most Beautiful Nature” photography is fifteen-year-old Li Wei. Li took photos of the mountains in Xiangshan Park. It seems that we can still feel warm when watching the 3 （beauty） sunshine from his photos. The photo we liked best in the “Historic China” group was taken by Zhao Min. Zhao is only 12 years old. Her photo shows Tian'anmen Square, the 4 （large） public square in the world. It's 500 metres wide at the 5 （north） end. Her photo shows the size and beauty of the square, which seldom appears in other photos. The best photo in the “Music” category was taken by He Zhong who is fourteen years old. His photo shows the singer, Becky Wang. Becky is 6 （great） than any other hero in his heart. He is the very musician that dares to express the sounds of his great new band which are not allowed in his time. He feels really 7 （pride） of his wonderful photos. A collection of photos called the “Many Faces of Beijing” won the prize for the “Most Unusual” category. Three pupils at the same school worked on this entry. It 8 （successful） shows Beijing's rich culture and the photographers wonder if anyone likes it. Congratulations to our winners and thanks to everyone who has entered the competition! 【答案】1．pleased2．wisely3．beautiful4．largest5．north/northern6．greater7．proud8．successfully [解析]1．考查形容词构词法及固定搭配。固定搭配be pleased with sth. 表示“对……感到满意”。故填pleased。 4．考查形容词最高级。in the world表示范围，结合空前的the可知，空处应用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。 6．考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知，空处应用比较级形式。故填greater。 7．考查形容词构词法。此处是主系表结构，空处应填形容词，be proud of...“为……而骄傲”。故填proud。 五．短文填空综合练 A Last Saturday, my friends and I decided to have a picnic by the river. We were all 1 （excite）. We started preparing early in the morning. I filled several bottles with cold water and juice to keep us from getting 2 （thirst） during the day. By noon, we met at the park gate and walked to the riverside together. When we arrived, we put out sandwiches, fruits, and cookies. Just as we wanted to enjoy our food, an old man walked by. We greeted him 3 （polite）, and he smiled and wished us a 4 （love） day. As we ate, we chatted and laughed. We talked about school, hobbies, and funny stories. We neither complained about our homework nor discussed any 5 （bore） things. We just wanted to enjoy the moment. On the way home, we all agreed that this picnic was truly worth it. I believe it will become one of the 6 （happy） memories for us. 【答案】1．excited2．thirsty3．politely4．lovely5．boring6．happiest [解析]5．考查形容词构词法。空处修饰things，应用-ing结尾的形容词。故填boring。 6．考查形容词最高级。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构，表“最……的……之一”，此处需用最高级形式，故填happiest。 B It's seven o'clock. My family are doing 1 （differ） things. My brother is learning English 2 （careful）, and he likes English. He does 3 （good） in the English test than before. My father is a dentist, and he is the 4 （busy） person in our family on weekdays, so he only stays at home on weekends. Now he is cooking for us. The room is filled with the delicious smell of my father's cooking. I can't wait to taste the food. My mom is helping me with my English 5 （patient）. She often helps me with my English because she thinks it's 6 use） to learn English well. And it's her best friend's birthday today. So she will 7 （happy） go to her friend's birthday party this evening. 【答案】1．different2．carefully3．better4．busiest5．patiently6．useful7．happily [解析]4．考查形容词最高级。空后的“in our family”为比较范围，空前有定冠词the，空处需用形容词最高级。故填busiest。 6．考查形容词的构词法。“it's +adj.+ to do sth.”为固定句型，空处应用形容词，表示“有用的”。故填useful。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $