专题08 数词、介词考点归纳-2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）

专题08 数词、介词考点归纳 数词考情分析 考点 考向 基数词 用法：表数量、年龄、年份、年代、时刻等 序数词 ①用法：表顺序；用于构成分数、日期等 ②基数词→序数词 考点1 基数词和序数词的构成 数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词，分为基数词和序数词。常见基数词和序数词的构成如下： 1—9 11—19 10—90（整十） 几十几 100及以上 基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词 one first eleven eleventh ten tenth 基数词： twenty-one thirty-two 序数词： twenty-first thirty-second 基数词： one hundred（一百） one thousand（一千） one million（一百万） one billion（十亿） one hundred and one one hundred and ninety-nine 序数词： one hundred and first （第一百零一） two second twelve twelfth twenty twentieth three third thirteen thirteenth thirty thirtieth four fourth fourteen fourteenth forty fortieth five fifth fifteen fifteenth fifty fiftieth six sixth sixteen sixteenth sixty sixtieth seven seventh seventeen seventeenth seventy seventieth eight eighth eighteen eighteenth eighty eightieth nine ninth nineteen nineteenth ninety ninetieth 考点2 基数词和序数词的用法 一、基数词的用法 用法 示例 表示数量 具体数量用“基数词+可数名词单数/复数” one apple two hundred dollars 概数用“hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of +可数名词复数” thousands of buildings 表示年代 “in the+整十年份的阿拉伯数字加-s”表示“在……世纪……年代” in the 1980s（在20世纪80年代） 表示年龄 “基数词+year（s）+old”表示“……岁” nine years old “at the age of+基数词”表示“在……岁时” at the age of nine “in one's+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时” in his twenties（在他20多岁时） 表示时刻 表示“……点整”用“基数词+o'clock” three o'clock 若分钟数小于或等于30分钟,用“基数词+past+基数词”，表示“……点过……分” ten past three（三点十分） 若分钟数大于30分钟,用“基数词+to+基数词”，表示“差……分到……点” ten to three（两点五十分） 表示时间/距离等 基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱等的词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式 Ten minutes is a long time when we are waiting. 用含基数词的名词所有格作定语 fifteen minutes' drive （15分钟的车程） 构成复合形容词 “基数词+连字符+单数名词（+连字符+形容词）”，作定语，表示时间、距离、年龄等 a fifteen-minute drive（一段15分钟的车程） a five-year-old girl 拓展 次数的表达 once“一次”，twice“两次”，三次及以上均由“基数词+times”构成（如three times）。这些词可用于回答how often（多久一次）开头的问句。如： —How often does your mom go to the market? —Twice a week. 随堂训练 1.About 100______（百万）people used ChatGPT in the first two months. 【答案】million 2.Qi Baishi started his painting career in his______（forty）,but he still made a real success. 【答案】forties 3.Last weekend,________（hundred）of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming City Wall. 【答案】hundreds 4．这个新体育馆占据了这个学校的四分之一。 This new gym__________________________________the school. 【答案】takes up one quarter/one fourth of 5．为了帮助运动员快速找到运动场馆,他们每隔几百米就设置一个指示牌。 In order to help athletes find sports venues quickly,they set up signs________________________. 【答案】every few hundred meters 二、序数词的用法 用法 示例 修饰单数名词，表示顺序、日期等 the first time（第一次） on the second day 序数词前若无其他修饰成分，必须使用the；如果有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，则不用the The sixth girl on the left is my cousin. This is Tom's second visit to China. 序数词前可以用a或an，此时表示“又一，再一” I have read this book three times, but I want to read it a fourth time. 拓展 分数的表达 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如果大于1，表示分母的序数词后加s。分母若是2，通常用half表示；分母若是4，可以用quarter表示。如： 1/2 a/one half； 1/3 a/one third； 3/4 three quarters/three fourths； 2/5 two fifths。 1.I live on the________（第六）floor of this building and have a good view of Luoma Lake. 【答案】sixth/6th 2.Su Bingtian was the____（one）Asian to break the 10-second barrier（难关）in the men's 100m race. 【答案】first 3.On the______（第四）day of the trip,we finally reached the beautiful beach. 【答案】fourth 4.The building has thirty-two floors,and I live on the______（twelve）floor. 【答案】twelfth 5.From February 7th to 14th,the____（nine）Asian Winter Games took place in Harbin,China.It's also the second time that Harbin has hosted such a great event. 【答案】ninth 6.On my grandmother's________（ninety）birthday party,I gave her my best wishes. 【答案】ninetieth 7．Three______（five）of the students in our class like playing basketball. 【答案】fifths 8.Every year,people celebrate World First Aid Day on the______Saturday in September.（two） 【答案】second 介词考情分析 考点 考向 介词的释义及用法 in/on/at/for/of/to/about/during/by/with/without/like/as/against+名词/代词（宾格）/动词的-ing形式 介词短语及搭配 常见的介词短语和搭配 介词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成分。介词后加名词、代词（宾格）、动词的-ing形式构成介宾结构；介词也可与其他词搭配使用。 易错提示 副词here、there、home、abroad、upstairs、downstairs前不用介词。如：go upstairs/downstairs。 考点1 时间介词、地点介词及其他介词 一、时间介词 介词 用法 示例 in in+世纪/年/季节/月 in the 21st century in 2026 in spring in March 表示在上午/下午/晚上 in the morning/afternoon/evening in+一段时间，表示“……（多久）以后” They will finish the work in an hour. within within+一段时间，表示“在……之内” He finished the report within three days. on on+日期/星期几/含有Day的节日 on June 2nd on Friday on Children's Day on+特定某一天的上午/下午/晚上 on Sunday afternoon at at+具体的时刻 at seven o'clock at a quarter to one 与年龄、三餐、正午、夜晚、一些节日等搭配 at the age of five at breakfast at noon/night for for+一段时间 He has studied English for five years. since since+过去的时间，表示“从……以来（直到现在）”，一般用于现在完成时 He has studied English since 2020. during during+一段时间，表示“在……期间”，常与节日搭配 during his stay in Beijing during the Spring Festival by by+时间点,表示“在……以前；到……为止” I will finish the work by Monday. before/after before/after+时间点，表示“在……之前/后” Please come here before 10 o'clock. I'll ring you up after two o'clock. until/till until/till+时间点，表示“直到……时候）”；not...until...结构表示“直到……才……” I waited for my mother until/till 10 o'clock. I didn't go to bed until 10 o'clock. 1.John Warner, born ________ 1971, has devoted all his time to studying the life of sea lions. A．at B．on C．in D．by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：约翰·沃纳，出生于1971年，他把所有的时间都花在了研究海狮的生活上。 考查时间介词。at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间，或表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等）；on用于具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上；in用于年、月、季节等；by不迟于，在……之前。根据“1971”可知，在年份前用介词in。故选C。 2.—What time do you usually get up on weekdays, Amy? —I usually get up ________ six o’clock in the morning. A．on B．in C．at D．between 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——艾米，工作日你通常什么时候起床？——我通常早上六点起床。 考查介词辨析。on在……之时（后接具体的日期或星期）；in在……以内（后接年、月、季节等）；at在（后接具体的时刻）；between在……之间。空后的six o’clock指具体的时刻，所以空处应用介词at。故选C。 3.The 9th Asian Winter Games opened in Harbin ______ February 7th, 2025. A．at B．on C．in D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：第九届亚洲冬季运动会于2025年2月7日在哈尔滨开幕。 考查介词辨析。at在几点钟；on在某一天；in在某月/哪一年；to表目的。February 7th, 2025.为具体的日期，需用介词on。故选B。 二、地点介词 1.表示地理位置的 in、on、at和to 介词 图解及用法 例句 in 某一小地点在另一大地点范围之内；用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等）前 Yunnan is in the southwest of China. on 一地不在另一地范围内，但两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. to 不包含，也不接壤 Japan lies to the east of China. at 用于较小的地方（如：学校、机场等）前 I work at a school. 2.表示方位的介词 方位 介词 含义与用法 例句 上 on 表示在某物的表面上，且相互接触 There is a plate on the table. above 表示在某物上方，但不必在其垂直上方，不接触 Raise your arms above your head. over 表示在某物的垂直上方，不接触 There is a bridge over the river. 下 under 表示在某物的垂直下方，不接触 The ball is under the table. below 表示在某物的下方，但不必在其垂直下方，且不接触 Our apartment is below theirs. 前 in front of 表示在某物的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在某物内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 后 behind 表示在某物的后面 There is a bank behind the post office. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 表示在三者或三者以上之间 Miss Wang stands among her students. 对面 opposite 表示“在……对面”，与across from同义 She sat opposite/across from me at the table. 沿着 along 表示“沿着；顺着” He walked along the road. 附近、旁边 near 表示“在……附近” After the accident, her friend sat next to/beside/by/near her all night. next to 表示“紧邻；在……近旁” by 表示“靠近；在……旁边” beside 表示“在……旁边/附近” 倚 against 表示“紧靠；倚” Put the bike against the wall. 横过 across 指从事物表面的一边到另一边，用于表示横穿马路、过桥、过河等 He can swim across the river. 穿过 through 指从事物的内部通过 She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 1.Make a second, smaller ball and put it ________ top of the first one. A．in B．on C．above D．below 【答案】B 【详解】句意：制作第二个更小的球，并把它放在第一个球的上面。 考查介词短语。in表示“在……里面”；on表示“在……上面（接触表面）”；above表示“在……上方（不接触）”；below表示 “在……下方”。on top of是固定短语，意为“在……顶部”，符合把小球放在大球接触式顶部的语境。故选B。 2.Tim is so kind that he often helps the old walk ________ the busy road safely. A．about B．across C．above D．against 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Tim很善良，他经常帮助老人安全地穿过繁忙的道路。 考查介词辨析。about关于；across穿过；above在……上；against反对。根据“helps the old walk...the busy road safely”可知，此处表达穿过繁忙的道路，walk across“走过”。故选B。 3.—How do you like the city, Tony? —Wonderful. A small river runs ________ the city and makes it become two parts. A．across B．on C．above D．through 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Tony，你觉得这个城市怎么样？——很棒。一条小河穿过城市，把它分成了两部分。 考查介词辨析。across从……表面穿过；on在……上面 (与物体表面接触)；above在……上方 (不与物体表面接触)；through从……内部穿过。根据“the city and makes it become two parts.”可知，这里是指小河从城市内部穿过，用介词through。故选D。 4.There is a piano ________ the wall in my study. I usually practise playing it in my free time. A．above B．against C．around D．among 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我书房的墙边有一架钢琴。我经常在空闲时间练习弹奏它。 考查介词辨析。above在……上；against靠着；around在……周围；among在……当中。根据“the wall in my study”可知，钢琴靠着墙。故选B。 5.People and birds share their homes _________ the blue sky. A．under B．from C．beside D．without 【答案】A 【详解】句意：人们和鸟儿在蓝天下共享他们家园。 考查介词辨析。under在……下面；from来自；beside在……旁边；without没有。根据“the blue sky”可知是在蓝天下，故选A。 三、其他介词 介词 含义与用法 示例 使用、凭借 by 表示使用某种方式或手段，后主要加交通工具/通信工具/动作（常用动词的-ing形式） send the message by radio make money by selling flowers in 表示使用某种语言、材料 sing this song in English write in ink with 表示使用某种具体有形的工具 do homework with a pen through 表示“凭借；由于” You can achieve success only through hard work. 有、没有 with 表示“带有；和……一起；伴着” Our English teacher came into the classroom with a smile on her face. without 表示“没有；无……相伴” He hurried to school without breakfast. 包括、除了 including 表示“包括” I've got a three-day holiday including New Year's Day.（包括元旦在内有三天假） besides 表示“除了……之外（包括在内）”， 含有“加”的意思 Besides the lecture， there was a concert. except 表示“除了……之外 （不包括在内）”， 含有“减”的意思 The stores will be open daily except Sundays. 关于 about 表示“关于；对于” Can you tell me something about your life? on 表示“关于” I saw a movie on history last week. ……的 of 表示属于（某人或某物）、关于（某人或某物），意为“……的” the name of the band 对象 to 表示“对；到；给；朝着” He gave a toy bear to his sister. for 表示“为了；对于……来说” It's very important for me. 像、作为 like 表示“相似；类似；像；像……一样；例如” He's just like his father. as 表示“像；如同；作为”，常与the same连用 You can use that glass as a vase. 数量多少 over 表示“多于（某时间、数量、花费等）” He's over sixty.（六十多岁） She stayed in Lagos for over a month. under 表示数量“小于；少于” It took us under an hour.（不到一小时） 赞成、反对 for 表示“赞成”，常与系动词be连用 We are for the idea. against 表示“反对；违反”，还表示“与……竞争；对抗” Mr. Smith is strongly against keeping animals in the zoo. She is willing to play against any tough players. 1.I improved my spoken English ________ watching English movies and listening to English songs. A．in B．to C．for D．by 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我通过看英语电影和听英语歌曲提高了我的英语口语。 考查介词词义辨析。in在……里面；to到；for为了；by通过。根据“watching English movies and listening to English songs”可知，题干使用了by doing sth.短语结构，意思是“通过做某事”，作方式状语。故选D。 2.— Why have you done so well in the Maths exam, Annie? — To tell you the truth, I’ve made great progress ________ working in a group since last year. A．by B．with C．at D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——安妮，你为什么数学考试考得这么好？   ——说实话，自去年以来，我在团队中工作取得了很大的进步。 考查介词。by通过、凭借；with和……一起；at在（某处）；on在……上。根据语境可知，说话者是通过团队工作获得了很大进步的，故选A。 3.The ancient Greeks succeeded in capturing the city ________ a trick in only one night. A．in B．through C．of D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：古希腊人只用了一个晚上就成功地用诡计占领了这座城市。 考查连词辨析。in在……里面；through通过；of……的；for为了。分析句子结构，本句缺方式状语；根据题干“The ancient Greeks succeeded in capturing the city…a trick in only one night”，可知是说通过设诡计占领了城市，故选B。 4.—How did you get to the zoo, Helen? —I went to the bus station ________ my bike, and took the No. l bus to the zoo. A．on B．by C．in D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——海伦，你是怎么到动物园的？——我骑自行车去了汽车站，然后乘1路公共汽车去了动物园。 考查介词辨析。with和……一起；此处表“乘坐某种交通工具”，可用“by+交通工具”，交通工具用单数形式，前没有任何修饰词；也可用“in/on+冠词（形容词性物主代词）+交通工具名词”；此处指“骑自行车”，bike前有定冠词，in用于封闭的空间，所以用on；故选A。 考点2 介词短语及搭配 分类 示例 动词（+名词/代词）+介词 agree with同意……的意见 ask （sb.） for请求 belong to属于 leave for出发去…… learn from向……学习 laugh at嘲笑 fill...with... 用……装满…… thank sb. for sth. 因某事感谢某人 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事/某物 share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某事/某物 have an effect on sth. 对某事物有影响 prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 be+形容词+介词 be afraid of 害怕…… be excited about对……感到兴奋 be pleased with对……感到满意 be sorry for 为……抱歉 be proud of为……感到自豪 be close to 接近…… be interested in 对……感兴趣 be far from 离……远 be famous/known for因……而出名 be full of充满…… be different from 与……不同 be strict with（sb.）对（某人）要求严格 介词+名词（短语） after a while片刻之后 by the way顺便说一下 for example例如 on the other hand 另一方面 in total总共 with one's help 在某人的帮助下 in this way用这种方法 to one's surprise 使某人惊奇的是 with a smile带着微笑 under pressure处于压力之下 as a result结果;因此 by accident/chance偶然;意外地 in a hurry匆匆忙忙 in turn依次;轮流 其他 at once立刻 at first 首先 at last 最后 come up with想到（主意、答案等） by the end of 到……末 at the foot of在……脚下 in the east of在……东部 on the top of在……顶端 1．They couldn't understand why I wanted to live somewhere that was so cold and far home. [答案]from 2．She often says hello me from her front garden when I come back home. [答案]to 3．Mark asked his father some help. [答案]for 4．Also,he shows us how to learn our mistakes. [答案]from 5．People thought their pictures were full imagination. [答案]of 6． first,Ann didn't want to go and said no to her,explaining that they were no longer friends. [答案]At 7．Next Friday is my sister Susie's birthday,so she is busy getting ready it. [答案]for 8．It's reported that, general,cities with good public transportation systems have lower air pollution levels. [答案]in 9．When you have joys,you can share them your friends. [答案]with 10．Scientists need to come up new ways to solve the problem. [答案]with 11．The scientist made an important discovery accident while doing an experiment. [答案]by 12．She left a hurry and forgot her keys. [答案]in 3．—What's your teacher like? —She is always strict us. [答案]with 14．The heavy rain prevented us going out. [答案]from 综合训练 一．填空题 1.The delta，which includes a big wetland,is a paradise for about four （百）kinds of birds. [答案]hundred 2.By 2050，about 630 （百万）adults in China might be overweight,according to a study in The Lancet. [答案]million 3.China Daily reported that more than 65 （百分比）of the world's electric cars were from China. [答案]percent 4.________（thousand）of years ago,by the hands of the Chinese,a leaf was brewed into a delicious drink. [答案]Thousands [解析]考查数词。thousands of表示“数以千计的”，注意句首单词首字母大写。故填Thousands。 5.Women's Day is celebrated each year on the （eight）day of March. [答案]eighth [解析]考查序数词。此处表示三月的第八天，应用序数词。故填eighth。 6.We have a saying that“Of all virtues（美德），filial piety（孝心）is the （one）”. [答案]first [解析]考查序数词。此处指“百善孝为先”，结合空前的定冠词the可知，设空处应用序数词。故填first。 7.Notice small joys in daily life，such as a beautiful sunrise or a good conversation friends. [答案]with 8.With AI tools,I tried to work out the math problem my own. [答案]on [解析]考查介词及固定搭配。固定搭配on one's own表示“独自地”。故填on。 9.If we just focus the result and do not enjoy the process,we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up. [答案]on 10.f your American friend invites you to her birthday party,you can take along some presents flowers,a plant or chocolates. [答案]like 11.Because their brave and quick actions,they saved the passengers on the bus. [答案]of [解析]固定短语because of意为“由于，因为”。故填of。 12.Why are these things red?There is a story it. [答案]about [解析]分析句子结构及语境可知，此处缺少介词，表示“关于”，应用介词about。故填about。 13.She climbed the mountain with her friends last weekend. [答案]up 14.Last term,the school sports meet was held in September.I took part the 200-meter race. [答案]in 15. her 14th birthday,Lin received a heavy box with bamboo strips and silk from her grandfather,a master lantern maker. [答案]On 16.“I was with my wife,and we were our way home,”said Wang.“All of a sudden,I heard a great noise and saw a car fall into the river.” [答案]on 17.—Hey,Tom,you are making noise.You should be polite public. —Sorry,Mum.I've got it. [答案]in 18.Pictures about flowers and animals are put on windows,doors and walls symbols of good wishes and good luck. [答案]as 19.The doctor pushed his way the crowd to help the dying old man. [答案]through [解析]“push one's way through...”是固定短语，意思是“挤过；推开（人群等）”。医生要去救助那位奄奄一息的老人，需要从人群中挤过去，through符合语境。故填through。 20.Someone says life is a mirror,and we get the best results when we smile at it. [答案]like 二．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1 1640,an old man returned home,weak but peaceful after his final journey.Villagers asked,“You traveled all your life.Do you regret it?”His eyes still shone brightly 2 the moment he answered,“I saw China's greatest wonders and walked where heroes like Zhang Qian once stood.How could I regret it?”This man was Xu Xiake,a traveler who left his footprints 3 China. Xu's story shows the true meaning 4 travel:it changes how we see life.Every step he took reminds us that traveling is not only like talking with nature,but helps us grow wiser.Today,when we walk his paths,we remember his lesson—real discoveries happen not just 5 moving forward,but by daring to explore the unknown. [答案]1．In2．at3．across4．of5．by [解析] 2．考查介词。此处表示在他回答的那一刻，应用介词at。 3．考查介词。本句强调徐霞客的旅行范围之广，“across China（遍布中国）”符合语境。故填across。 三.将方框中所给词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 hundred forty two one There are 1 students in our class—twenty boys and twenty girls.We have never gone on a trip together before,so this is our 2 class trip.We carefully planned the trip and finally decided to visit the city museum.When we arrived,we were amazed to see 3 of people waiting in line.First,we visited the exhibition on the first floor.After that,when we reached the 4 floor,we saw many cultural relics（文物）.All in all,we had a very meaningful day. [答案]1．forty2．first3．hundreds4．second [解析] 1．考查基数词。根据后文的“twenty boys and twenty girls”可知此处需填入的数词应表示班级总人数。根据加法运算可知，共有40人。表示具体数量应用基数词，故填forty。 2．考查序数词。根据前文的“We have never gone on a trip together before”推断，这是“我们”的第一次班级旅行。表示“第几”应用序数词，故填first。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 数词、介词考点归纳 数词考情分析 考点 考向 基数词 用法：表数量、年龄、年份、年代、时刻等 序数词 ①用法：表顺序；用于构成分数、日期等 ②基数词→序数词 考点1 基数词和序数词的构成 数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词，分为基数词和序数词。常见基数词和序数词的构成如下： 1—9 11—19 10—90（整十） 几十几 100及以上 基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词 one first eleven eleventh ten tenth 基数词： twenty-one thirty-two 序数词： twenty-first thirty-second 基数词： one hundred（一百） one thousand（一千） one million（一百万） one billion（十亿） one hundred and one one hundred and ninety-nine 序数词： one hundred and first （第一百零一） two second twelve twelfth twenty twentieth three third thirteen thirteenth thirty thirtieth four fourth fourteen fourteenth forty fortieth five fifth fifteen fifteenth fifty fiftieth six sixth sixteen sixteenth sixty sixtieth seven seventh seventeen seventeenth seventy seventieth eight eighth eighteen eighteenth eighty eightieth nine ninth nineteen nineteenth ninety ninetieth 考点2 基数词和序数词的用法 一、基数词的用法 用法 示例 表示数量 具体数量用“基数词+可数名词单数/复数” one apple two hundred dollars 概数用“hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of +可数名词复数” thousands of buildings 表示年代 “in the+整十年份的阿拉伯数字加-s”表示“在……世纪……年代” in the 1980s（在20世纪80年代） 表示年龄 “基数词+year（s）+old”表示“……岁” nine years old “at the age of+基数词”表示“在……岁时” at the age of nine “in one's+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时” in his twenties（在他20多岁时） 表示时刻 表示“……点整”用“基数词+o'clock” three o'clock 若分钟数小于或等于30分钟,用“基数词+past+基数词”，表示“……点过……分” ten past three（三点十分） 若分钟数大于30分钟,用“基数词+to+基数词”，表示“差……分到……点” ten to three（两点五十分） 表示时间/距离等 基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱等的词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式 Ten minutes is a long time when we are waiting. 用含基数词的名词所有格作定语 fifteen minutes' drive （15分钟的车程） 构成复合形容词 “基数词+连字符+单数名词（+连字符+形容词）”，作定语，表示时间、距离、年龄等 a fifteen-minute drive（一段15分钟的车程） a five-year-old girl 拓展 次数的表达 once“一次”，twice“两次”，三次及以上均由“基数词+times”构成（如three times）。这些词可用于回答how often（多久一次）开头的问句。如： —How often does your mom go to the market? —Twice a week. 随堂训练 1.About 100______（百万）people used ChatGPT in the first two months. 2.Qi Baishi started his painting career in his______（forty）,but he still made a real success. 3.Last weekend,________（hundred）of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming City Wall. 4．这个新体育馆占据了这个学校的四分之一。 This new gym__________________________________the school. 5．为了帮助运动员快速找到运动场馆,他们每隔几百米就设置一个指示牌。 In order to help athletes find sports venues quickly,they set up signs________________________. 二、序数词的用法 用法 示例 修饰单数名词，表示顺序、日期等 the first time（第一次） on the second day 序数词前若无其他修饰成分，必须使用the；如果有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，则不用the The sixth girl on the left is my cousin. This is Tom's second visit to China. 序数词前可以用a或an，此时表示“又一，再一” I have read this book three times, but I want to read it a fourth time. 拓展 分数的表达 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如果大于1，表示分母的序数词后加s。分母若是2，通常用half表示；分母若是4，可以用quarter表示。如： 1/2 a/one half； 1/3 a/one third； 3/4 three quarters/three fourths； 2/5 two fifths。 1.I live on the________（第六）floor of this building and have a good view of Luoma Lake. 2.Su Bingtian was the____（one）Asian to break the 10-second barrier（难关）in the men's 100m race. 3.On the______（第四）day of the trip,we finally reached the beautiful beach. 4.The building has thirty-two floors,and I live on the______（twelve）floor. 5.From February 7th to 14th,the____（nine）Asian Winter Games took place in Harbin,China.It's also the second time that Harbin has hosted such a great event. 6.On my grandmother's________（ninety）birthday party,I gave her my best wishes. 7．Three______（five）of the students in our class like playing basketball. 8.Every year,people celebrate World First Aid Day on the______Saturday in September.（two） 介词考情分析 考点 考向 介词的释义及用法 in/on/at/for/of/to/about/during/by/with/without/like/as/against+名词/代词（宾格）/动词的-ing形式 介词短语及搭配 常见的介词短语和搭配 介词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成分。介词后加名词、代词（宾格）、动词的-ing形式构成介宾结构；介词也可与其他词搭配使用。 易错提示 副词here、there、home、abroad、upstairs、downstairs前不用介词。如：go upstairs/downstairs。 考点1 时间介词、地点介词及其他介词 一、时间介词 介词 用法 示例 in in+世纪/年/季节/月 in the 21st century in 2026 in spring in March 表示在上午/下午/晚上 in the morning/afternoon/evening in+一段时间，表示“……（多久）以后” They will finish the work in an hour. within within+一段时间，表示“在……之内” He finished the report within three days. on on+日期/星期几/含有Day的节日 on June 2nd on Friday on Children's Day on+特定某一天的上午/下午/晚上 on Sunday afternoon at at+具体的时刻 at seven o'clock at a quarter to one 与年龄、三餐、正午、夜晚、一些节日等搭配 at the age of five at breakfast at noon/night for for+一段时间 He has studied English for five years. since since+过去的时间，表示“从……以来（直到现在）”，一般用于现在完成时 He has studied English since 2020. during during+一段时间，表示“在……期间”，常与节日搭配 during his stay in Beijing during the Spring Festival by by+时间点,表示“在……以前；到……为止” I will finish the work by Monday. before/after before/after+时间点，表示“在……之前/后” Please come here before 10 o'clock. I'll ring you up after two o'clock. until/till until/till+时间点，表示“直到……时候）”；not...until...结构表示“直到……才……” I waited for my mother until/till 10 o'clock. I didn't go to bed until 10 o'clock. 1.John Warner, born ________ 1971, has devoted all his time to studying the life of sea lions. A．at B．on C．in D．by 2.—What time do you usually get up on weekdays, Amy? —I usually get up ________ six o’clock in the morning. A．on B．in C．at D．between 3.The 9th Asian Winter Games opened in Harbin ______ February 7th, 2025. A．at B．on C．in D．to 二、地点介词 1.表示地理位置的 in、on、at和to 介词 图解及用法 例句 in 某一小地点在另一大地点范围之内；用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等）前 Yunnan is in the southwest of China. on 一地不在另一地范围内，但两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. to 不包含，也不接壤 Japan lies to the east of China. at 用于较小的地方（如：学校、机场等）前 I work at a school. 2.表示方位的介词 方位 介词 含义与用法 例句 上 on 表示在某物的表面上，且相互接触 There is a plate on the table. above 表示在某物上方，但不必在其垂直上方，不接触 Raise your arms above your head. over 表示在某物的垂直上方，不接触 There is a bridge over the river. 下 under 表示在某物的垂直下方，不接触 The ball is under the table. below 表示在某物的下方，但不必在其垂直下方，且不接触 Our apartment is below theirs. 前 in front of 表示在某物的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在某物内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 后 behind 表示在某物的后面 There is a bank behind the post office. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 表示在三者或三者以上之间 Miss Wang stands among her students. 对面 opposite 表示“在……对面”，与across from同义 She sat opposite/across from me at the table. 沿着 along 表示“沿着；顺着” He walked along the road. 附近、旁边 near 表示“在……附近” After the accident, her friend sat next to/beside/by/near her all night. next to 表示“紧邻；在……近旁” by 表示“靠近；在……旁边” beside 表示“在……旁边/附近” 倚 against 表示“紧靠；倚” Put the bike against the wall. 横过 across 指从事物表面的一边到另一边，用于表示横穿马路、过桥、过河等 He can swim across the river. 穿过 through 指从事物的内部通过 She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 1.Make a second, smaller ball and put it ________ top of the first one. A．in B．on C．above D．below 2.Tim is so kind that he often helps the old walk ________ the busy road safely. A．about B．across C．above D．against 3.—How do you like the city, Tony? —Wonderful. A small river runs ________ the city and makes it become two parts. A．across B．on C．above D．through 4.There is a piano ________ the wall in my study. I usually practise playing it in my free time. A．above B．against C．around D．among 5.People and birds share their homes _________ the blue sky. A．under B．from C．beside D．without 三、其他介词 介词 含义与用法 示例 使用、凭借 by 表示使用某种方式或手段，后主要加交通工具/通信工具/动作（常用动词的-ing形式） send the message by radio make money by selling flowers in 表示使用某种语言、材料 sing this song in English write in ink with 表示使用某种具体有形的工具 do homework with a pen through 表示“凭借；由于” You can achieve success only through hard work. 有、没有 with 表示“带有；和……一起；伴着” Our English teacher came into the classroom with a smile on her face. without 表示“没有；无……相伴” He hurried to school without breakfast. 包括、除了 including 表示“包括” I've got a three-day holiday including New Year's Day.（包括元旦在内有三天假） besides 表示“除了……之外（包括在内）”， 含有“加”的意思 Besides the lecture， there was a concert. except 表示“除了……之外 （不包括在内）”， 含有“减”的意思 The stores will be open daily except Sundays. 关于 about 表示“关于；对于” Can you tell me something about your life? on 表示“关于” I saw a movie on history last week. ……的 of 表示属于（某人或某物）、关于（某人或某物），意为“……的” the name of the band 对象 to 表示“对；到；给；朝着” He gave a toy bear to his sister. for 表示“为了；对于……来说” It's very important for me. 像、作为 like 表示“相似；类似；像；像……一样；例如” He's just like his father. as 表示“像；如同；作为”，常与the same连用 You can use that glass as a vase. 数量多少 over 表示“多于（某时间、数量、花费等）” He's over sixty.（六十多岁） She stayed in Lagos for over a month. under 表示数量“小于；少于” It took us under an hour.（不到一小时） 赞成、反对 for 表示“赞成”，常与系动词be连用 We are for the idea. against 表示“反对；违反”，还表示“与……竞争；对抗” Mr. Smith is strongly against keeping animals in the zoo. She is willing to play against any tough players. 1.I improved my spoken English ________ watching English movies and listening to English songs. A．in B．to C．for D．by 2.— Why have you done so well in the Maths exam, Annie? — To tell you the truth, I’ve made great progress ________ working in a group since last year. A．by B．with C．at D．on 3.The ancient Greeks succeeded in capturing the city ________ a trick in only one night. A．in B．through C．of D．for 4.—How did you get to the zoo, Helen? —I went to the bus station ________ my bike, and took the No. l bus to the zoo. A．on B．by C．in D．with 考点2 介词短语及搭配 分类 示例 动词（+名词/代词）+介词 agree with同意……的意见 ask （sb.） for请求 belong to属于 leave for出发去…… learn from向……学习 laugh at嘲笑 fill...with... 用……装满…… thank sb. for sth. 因某事感谢某人 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事/某物 share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某事/某物 have an effect on sth. 对某事物有影响 prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 be+形容词+介词 be afraid of 害怕…… be excited about对……感到兴奋 be pleased with对……感到满意 be sorry for 为……抱歉 be proud of为……感到自豪 be close to 接近…… be interested in 对……感兴趣 be far from 离……远 be famous/known for因……而出名 be full of充满…… be different from 与……不同 be strict with（sb.）对（某人）要求严格 介词+名词（短语） after a while片刻之后 by the way顺便说一下 for example例如 on the other hand 另一方面 in total总共 with one's help 在某人的帮助下 in this way用这种方法 to one's surprise 使某人惊奇的是 with a smile带着微笑 under pressure处于压力之下 as a result结果;因此 by accident/chance偶然;意外地 in a hurry匆匆忙忙 in turn依次;轮流 其他 at once立刻 at first 首先 at last 最后 come up with想到（主意、答案等） by the end of 到……末 at the foot of在……脚下 in the east of在……东部 on the top of在……顶端 1．They couldn't understand why I wanted to live somewhere that was so cold and far home. 2．She often says hello me from her front garden when I come back home. 3．Mark asked his father some help. 4．Also,he shows us how to learn our mistakes. 5．People thought their pictures were full imagination. 6． first,Ann didn't want to go and said no to her,explaining that they were no longer friends. 7．Next Friday is my sister Susie's birthday,so she is busy getting ready it. 8．It's reported that, general,cities with good public transportation systems have lower air pollution levels. 9．When you have joys,you can share them your friends. 10．Scientists need to come up new ways to solve the problem. 11．The scientist made an important discovery accident while doing an experiment. 12．She left a hurry and forgot her keys. 3．—What's your teacher like? —She is always strict us. 14．The heavy rain prevented us going out. 综合训练 一．填空题 1.The delta，which includes a big wetland,is a paradise for about four （百）kinds of birds. 2.By 2050，about 630 （百万）adults in China might be overweight,according to a study in The Lancet. 3.China Daily reported that more than 65 （百分比）of the world's electric cars were from China. 4.________（thousand）of years ago,by the hands of the Chinese,a leaf was brewed into a delicious drink. 5.Women's Day is celebrated each year on the （eight）day of March. 6.We have a saying that“Of all virtues（美德），filial piety（孝心）is the （one）”. 7.Notice small joys in daily life，such as a beautiful sunrise or a good conversation friends. 8.With AI tools,I tried to work out the math problem my own. 9.If we just focus the result and do not enjoy the process,we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up. 10.f your American friend invites you to her birthday party,you can take along some presents flowers,a plant or chocolates. 11.Because their brave and quick actions,they saved the passengers on the bus. 12.Why are these things red?There is a story it. 13.She climbed the mountain with her friends last weekend. 14.Last term,the school sports meet was held in September.I took part the 200-meter race. 15. her 14th birthday,Lin received a heavy box with bamboo strips and silk from her grandfather,a master lantern maker. 16.“I was with my wife,and we were our way home,”said Wang.“All of a sudden,I heard a great noise and saw a car fall into the river.” 17.—Hey,Tom,you are making noise.You should be polite public. —Sorry,Mum.I've got it. 18.Pictures about flowers and animals are put on windows,doors and walls symbols of good wishes and good luck. 19.The doctor pushed his way the crowd to help the dying old man. 20.Someone says life is a mirror,and we get the best results when we smile at it. 二．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1 1640,an old man returned home,weak but peaceful after his final journey.Villagers asked,“You traveled all your life.Do you regret it?”His eyes still shone brightly 2 the moment he answered,“I saw China's greatest wonders and walked where heroes like Zhang Qian once stood.How could I regret it?”This man was Xu Xiake,a traveler who left his footprints 3 China. Xu's story shows the true meaning 4 travel:it changes how we see life.Every step he took reminds us that traveling is not only like talking with nature,but helps us grow wiser.Today,when we walk his paths,we remember his lesson—real discoveries happen not just 5 moving forward,but by daring to explore the unknown. 三.将方框中所给词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 hundred forty two one There are 1 students in our class—twenty boys and twenty girls.We have never gone on a trip together before,so this is our 2 class trip.We carefully planned the trip and finally decided to visit the city museum.When we arrived,we were amazed to see 3 of people waiting in line.First,we visited the exhibition on the first floor.After that,when we reached the 4 floor,we saw many cultural relics（文物）.All in all,we had a very meaningful day. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $