Unit 6 Then and now（知识清单）英语外研版三起五年级下册（新教材）

Unit6 Then and now知 识 归 纳 语音语调 字母组合ou/ow 发 /aʊ/ 音 例词：house（房子） down（向下） now（现在） how（怎样） about（关于） 句子语调：①陈述过去与现在变化的陈述句用降调↘ 例：The streets were full of bikes 30 years ago.↘ ②特殊疑问句询问变化用降调↘ 例：What changes surprised you most?↘ 必记单词 video（录影录像） high-speed（高速的） hamburger（汉堡包） shared（共享的） happily（快乐地） teahouse（茶馆茶楼） relax（放松休息） million（百万） ladder（梯子） below（在…… 的下面） drop（落差） beyond（往更远处） cliff（悬崖峭壁） 常考短语 in the morning（在早上） get to（到达） in time for（及时赶上） full of（充满） shared bikes（共享单车） travel around（环游） stop at（在…… 停下） give up（放弃） work hard（努力工作） make it green（让它变绿） step by step（一步一步地） on the way to（在去…… 的路上） mountain top（山顶） a big drop（巨大的落差） steel ladders（钢梯） time capsule（时间胶囊） put in（放入） learn about（了解） 必会句型 1. We left Beijing in the morning and got to Xian in time for lunch.（我们早上离开北京，及时赶到西安吃午饭。） 2. Grandpa told me the streets of China were full of bikes 30 years ago.（爷爷告诉我 30 年前中国的街道上满是自行车。） 3. Now the streets are still full of bikes, but most are shared bikes.（现在街道上仍然满是自行车，但大多数是共享单车。） 4. He gave up a good life in the city to do something for his hometown.（他放弃了城里的美好生活，为家乡做些事。） 5. After 22 years, the Daliang Mountains became a green world with over 10 million trees.（22 年后，大凉山变成了拥有超过一千万棵树的绿色世界。） 6. In the past, the journey to school was hard and dangerous.（过去，上学的路程艰难又危险。） 7. Today, there are lots of buildings and roads in my hometown.（如今，我的家乡有很多楼房和道路。） 核心语法 1. 一般过去时与一般现在时对比：用一般过去时描述过去的状态 / 动作，一般现在时描述现在的状态 / 动作，体现过去与现在的变化 2. 实义动词过去式：规则变化（work →worked travel →travelled relax →relaxed）；不规则变化（leave →left get →got make →made become →became give →gave） 3. 系动词的时态变化：was/were（过去），is/are（现在），后接形容词 / 介词短语表状态 4. 介词短语表地点 / 时间：in the morning，on the mountain top，on the way to school，in time for lunch 5. 数词表达：million（百万），数词 + million + 可数名词复数（10 million trees） 考 点 速 记 考点 01 考点一：一般过去时与一般现在时对比（系动词） The streets of China were full of bikes 30 years ago. Now the streets are still full of bikes.（30 年前中国的街道满是自行车，现在街道上仍然满是自行车。） There were many people in the teahouse. They were relaxed. （茶馆里有很多人，他们都很放松。） It looks the same in Grandpa's old photos.（它看起来和爷爷的老照片里一样。） 解析： 系动词was/were用于一般过去时，描述过去的状态：was 接单数主语 / 不可数名词，were 接复数主语； 系动词is/are/looks用于一般现在时，描述现在的状态：is 接单数，are 接复数，looks 为系动词三单形式，后接形容词 / 介词短语； 核心用法：通过系动词的时态变化，直接体现过去与现在的状态对比，是本单元描述变化的核心用法。 提分练 题型一：用 is/are/was/were 填空 1. The school ______ small 10 years ago, but now it ______ very big. 2. There ______ no tall buildings in my hometown in the past, but now there ______ lots of them. 3. The street ______ full of cars now, it ______ full of bikes 20 years ago. 4. He ______ a student 5 years ago, now he ______ a teacher. 5. There ______ a small playground in our school before, now there ______ a big one. 6. The teahouse ______ quiet yesterday, it ______ still quiet today. 7. The mountains ______ bare（光秃秃的）40 years ago, now they ______ green. 8. My bike ______ old last year, now I have a new one. 9. There ______ no shared bikes in the past, now there ______ many everywhere. 10. The journey ______ dangerous in the past, now it ______ safe. 题型二：单项选择 ( )1. The roads ______ narrow 30 years ago, but now they ______ wide. A. are; were B. were; are C. were; were ( )2. There ______ a big teahouse in the city now, there ______ only a small one before. A. is; was B. was; is C. are; were ( )3. —How ______ the mountains in the past? —They ______ bare. A. is; is B. are; were C. were; were ( )4. The park ______ beautiful now, it ______ not beautiful many years ago. A. is; was B. was; is C. are; were ( )5. There ______ lots of trees on the mountain now, there ______ no trees before. A. were; are B. are; were C. are; are 考点 02 考点二：一般过去时（实义动词规则 / 不规则变化） We left Beijing in the morning and got to Xian in time for lunch. （我们早上离开北京，及时赶到西安吃午饭。） We rode shared bikes today and travelled around the city happily. （我们今天骑了共享单车，开心地环游了这座城市。） He gave up a good life and worked hard to make the mountains green. （他放弃了美好生活，努力工作让大山变绿。） The Daliang Mountains became a green world after 22 years. （22 年后，大凉山变成了一片绿色世界。） 解析： 本单元实义动词过去式用于描述过去的动作，分规则和不规则变化，是描述过去经历 / 行为的核心； 规则变化：直接在词尾加 ed（work→ worked travel→ travelled relax →relaxed）；以 e 结尾加 d（live→ lived）； 不规则变化：需重点记忆（leave→ left get→ got ride→ rode give→ gave make→ made become→ became）； 并列动作的时态一致：and 连接的两个过去动作，均用过去式（left and got, rode and travelled）。 提分练 题型一：用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He ______ (leave) his hometown at the age of 61 and ______ (move) to the mountains. 2. We ______ (get) to the park at 9 o'clock yesterday and ______ (have) a good time. 3. She ______ (work) hard every day and finally ______ (make) her dream come true. 4. They ______ (travel) around Chengdu last week and ______ (stop) at a beautiful teahouse. 5. He ______ (give) up his good job and ______ (start) to plant trees on the mountain. 6. The children ______ (climb) the ladder slowly and ______ (get) to the school safely. 7. We ______ (see) a lot of changes in our hometown and ______ (feel) very happy. 8. Grandpa ______ (tell) me many stories about the past and ______ (show) me his old photos. 9. The workers ______ (build) many new roads and ______ (make) the travel easier. 10. Yang Shanzhou ______ (plant) lots of trees and ______ (change) the mountains. 题型二：单项选择 ( )1. My father ______ to Shanghai yesterday and ______ back tomorrow. A. went; come B. goes; comes C. went; will come ( )2. He ______ hard for 22 years and finally ______ the mountains green. A. worked; made B. works; makes C. work; make ( )3. We ______ shared bikes last Sunday and ______ around the city. A. ride; travel B. rode; travelled C. rides; travels ( )4. She ______ her hometown in 1988 and ______ there for 22 years. A. left; lived B. leave; live C. leaves; lives ( )5. They ______ the big tree and ______ a lot of fruit last autumn. A. plant; pick B. planted; picked C. plants; picks 考点 03 考点三：there be 句型的过去时与现在时对比 There were many people in the teahouse.（过去茶馆里有很多人。） There are lots of buildings and roads in my hometown today. （如今我的家乡有很多楼房和道路。） There were only two classrooms in the school in the past.（过去这所学校只有两间教室。） 解析： There be 句型表 “某地有某物”，时态通过 be 动词变化体现过去与现在的对比； 现在时：There is + 单数 / 不可数名词；There are + 复数名词； 过去时：There was + 单数 / 不可数名词；There were + 复数名词； 注意：be 动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，与时间状语（in the past/today）匹配时态。提分练 题型一：用 there be 的正确形式填空（时态不限） 1. ______ a small shop near my home in the past, now ______ a big supermarket here. 2. ______ no shared bikes 5 years ago, now ______ many on the street. 3. ______ a lot of trees on the mountain now, ______ no trees 40 years ago. 4. ______ a playground in our school now, ______ no playground before. 5. ______ many teahouses in Chengdu today, ______ also many teahouses in the past. 6. ______ a high-speed train station in our city now, ______ only a small train station before. 7. ______ no tall buildings in the village in the past, now ______ lots of tall buildings. 8. ______ a big drop between the mountain top and the town below, so ______ no easy way to go to school before. 9. ______ a time capsule in Shanghai Library now, it ______ sent into space in 2010. 10. ______ many students in the classroom now, ______ only a few students here yesterday. 题型二：单项选择 ( )1. ______ a lot of bikes on the street now, but ______ no shared bikes 10 years ago. A. There are; there were B. There were; there are C. There is; there was ( )2. ______ a small teahouse in the street in the past, now ______ a big one here. A. There are; there is B. There was; there is C. There is; there was ( )3. —______ any trees on the mountain 40 years ago? —No, ______. A. Are there; there aren't B. Were there; there weren't C. Was there; there wasn't ( )4. ______ lots of changes in China in the past few years. A. There is B. There are C. There were ( )5. ______ a big playground in our school now, we can play sports there. A. There is B. There was C. There are 考点 04 考点四：介词短语的固定搭配 We left Beijing in the morning and got to Xian in time for lunch. （我们早上离开北京，及时赶到西安吃午饭。） On the mountain top , there is a small school on the way to the town. （山顶上有一所小学校，在去镇上的路上。） The streets are full of bikes and we travel around the city on shared bikes. （街道上满是自行车，我们骑共享单车环游城市。） He worked hard to make the mountains green for 22 years. （他努力工作了 22 年，让大山变绿。） 解析： 时间介词：in the morning/afternoon/evening（在早 / 中 / 晚），for + 时间段（持续多久）； 地点介词：on the mountain top（在山顶），below（在…… 下方），on the way to（在去…… 的路上）； 固定搭配：full of（充满……），in time for（及时赶上……），travel around（环游……），stop at（在…… 停下）； 方式介词：on + 交通工具（on shared bikes），表 “乘坐某种交通工具”。 提分练 题型一：用适当的介词填空 1. We left home ______ the morning and got to the park ______ time for breakfast. 2. The school is ______ the mountain top and the town is ______ it. 3. The street is full ______ cars and buses, it's very busy. 4. We go to school ______ foot and travel around the city ______ shared bikes. 5. He worked on the mountain ______ 22 years and never gave up. 6. ______ the way to school, we sing and laugh together. 7. They stopped ______ a teahouse and drank some tea there. 8. The time capsule is now ______ Shanghai Library, it travelled into space ______ Tiangong-1. 9. There is a big drop ______ the mountain and the town below. 10. We learned a lot ______ the past from the old photos. 题型二：单项选择 ( )1. He got to the city ______ time for dinner and stayed ______ a small hotel. A. in; at B. on; in C. at; at ( )2. The playground is full ______ students, they are playing sports happily. A. with B. of C. for ( )3. ______ the way to the mountain, we saw a lot of beautiful flowers. A. On B. In C. At ( )4. He lived on the mountain ______ 22 years and planted lots of trees. A. in B. for C. on ( )5. We travel around the country ______ high-speed trains now, it's very fast. A. on B. in C. by 考点 05 考点五：情景交际（描述过去与现在的变化） —Which changes surprised you most? —The high-speed trains. They make travel faster.（— 哪些变化让你最惊讶？— 高铁，它们让出行更快了。） In the past, there weren't many buildings. Today, there are lots of buildings and roads. （过去没有很多楼房，如今有很多楼房和道路。） —How do the changes change your life? —They make my life easier and happier. （— 这些变化如何改变了你的生活？— 它们让我的生活更轻松、更快乐。） The journey to school was hard and dangerous, but now it is safe and easy. （过去上学的路程艰难又危险，但现在安全又轻松。） 解析： 询问变化：Which changes surprised you most?（哪些变化让你最惊讶？）/ How do the changes change your life?（这些变化如何改变你的生活？）； 描述变化：In the past, + 过去时句子. Today/Now, + 现在时句子.（过去……，现在……）； 表达感受：It makes travel faster/easier.（它让出行更快 / 更轻松。）/ I feel very happy about the changes.（我对这些变化感到很开心。）； 转折对比：用 but 连接过去与现在的句子，突出变化（was hard, but now is easy）。 提分练 题型一：从方框中选择合适的句子补全对话 A.In the past, we walked to school. B.Which changes surprised you most? C.Now we take the high-speed train, it's fast. D.How do the changes change your life? E.Now we take the bus or ride bikes. A: ______ B: The high-speed trains. They make travel very fast. A: How did you go to school before? B: ______ A: ______ B: Now it's easier and more convenient. A: How did you travel to Beijing in the past? B: We took the slow train. A: ______ A: Do you go to school on foot now? B: No. ______ 题型二：根据情景写句子 你想询问同学哪些变化让他最惊讶，你可以说：____________________________________ 你想描述家乡的变化：过去没有高楼，现在有很多，你可以说：______________________ 你想表达高铁让出行变得更快了，你可以说：______________________________________ 你想询问同学这些变化如何改变了他的生活，你可以说：____________________________ 你想描述上学路程的变化：过去艰难，现在轻松，你可以说：________________________ 参考答案 考点一 题型一 1.was; is 2.were; are 3.is; was 4.was; is 5.was; is 6.was; is 7.were; are 8.was; have 9.were; are 10.was; is 题型二 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B 考点二 题型一 1.left; moved 2.got; had 3.worked; made 4.travelled; stopped 5.gave; started 6.climbed; got 7.saw; felt 8.told; showed 9.built; made 10.planted; changed 题型二 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 考点三 题型一 1.There was; there is 2.There were; there are 3.There are; there were 4.There is; there was 5.There are; there were 6.There is; there was 7.There were; there are 8.There is; there was 9.There is; was 10.There are; there were 题型二 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 考点四 题型一 1.in; in 2.on; below 3.of 4.on; on 5.for 6.On 7.at 8.in; on 9.between 10.about 题型二 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 考点五 题型一 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.E 题型二 1.Which changes surprised you most? 2.In the past, there weren't any tall buildings in my hometown. Today, there are lots of them. 3.The high-speed trains make travel faster. 4.How do the changes change your life? 5.In the past, the journey to school was hard. Now it is easy. 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $