Unit 1 Grammar Focus 不定式讲解语法整合（第5、109、110页）课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件聚焦动词不定式用法，系统讲解其作宾语、宾补、目的状语等功能，通过例句观察、任务分析导入，以“定义-分类-用法-练习”为支架，结合口诀和实例帮助学生构建语法知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合口诀记忆（如“一感二听三让四看半帮助”）与语境练习，通过判断功能、对话填空等任务培养学生语言能力和思维品质，提供可直接打印的导学案，助力教师高效教学，提升学生语法应用自信与学习能力。

Section A Grammar Focus Unit 1 Time to Relax 01 02 03 04 • 知识与能：掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾补、状语的用法及 make/ask/tell sb. (not) to do 等句型，能在语境中正确运用。 •过程与方法：通过观察归纳、练习巩固，主动在口语和写作中运用不定式表达目的与意愿。 • 文化意识：了解英语国家青少年休闲活动，学会得体表达建议与决定。 情感态度与价值观：乐于用英语表达活动计划，增强运用语法交流的自信，理解语法的工具性。 Learning Objectives • Grammar Focus Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an objective complement or adverbial. 4a What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice-skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my mother paint. I decide to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. 做目的状语 做目的状语 做宾补 开始做某事；进入；陷入；染上（习惯、嗜好等） 试一试某事=have a try; give it a try 做宾补 动词不定式 作目的状语或宾语补足语 动词不定式 Grammar Focus 1.肯定结构：to+动词原形； 2.否定结构：not+ to+ 动词原形 是一种非谓语形式，本单元重点讲解不定式在句子中作宾语、目的状语、宾语补足语，以及“疑问词＋动词不定式”，和不带to的动词不定式 注：本次课基于课本109到110页语法进行。 一、什么是动词不定式？ 动词不定式就是：to + 动词原形（有时 to 可省略），在句中充当名词、形容词或副词的作用。表“要做/去做”的动作。 二、什么是宾语？常见以不定式to do作宾语的动词有哪些？ 宾语是：动作的承受者。 谁做动作 → 动作 → 动作落在谁身上，谁就是宾语。 例子：I like English.我喜欢 英语。 （谁 动作 承受者） （主语 谓语 宾语） 常见以不定式to do作宾语的动词有：（巧记口诀） 想要希望盼，决定计划选。同意开始学，忘记拒绝难。 对应： want / would like / hope / wish / expect decide / plan / choose agree / begin/ learn forget / refuse 动词不定式没有人称、时态的变化 动词不定式作宾语 小练习（5题） 1. I want ______ (go) home. 2. She decides ______ (study) English. 3. They hope ______ (see) you soon. 4. He plans ______ (play) basketball. 5. My friend agrees ______ (help) me. to go to sdudy to see to play to help 1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me________(decide)to try skiing. B: You’re welcome. Try_________(forget) your fears and have fun! 2. A: My cousin often asks me________(fly) kites with her when it’s windy. B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you_________(fly) kites sometime. 3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies___________(relax). B: Really?When I want__________(relax), I watch animal videos. 4. A: My parents told me____________(not push) myself too hard. B: Yes, it’s important___________(not forget) to relax once in a while. Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 做宾语 to forget 做宾语 to relax want to do sth. 4b try to do sth. 三、什么是目的状语？ 目的状语：表示“为了……、去做……”的部分，就是目的状语。 一句话： 说明“为什么做这个动作”，就是目的状语。 例句： I come to learn English. 我来 为了学英语。 （to learn English 就是目的状语） 非常好认：to do = 为了做…… 1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me________(decide)to try skiing. B: You’re welcome. Try_________(forget) your fears and have fun! 2. A: My cousin often asks me________(fly) kites with her when it’s windy. B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you_________(fly) kites sometime. 3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies___________(relax). B: Really?When I want__________(relax), I watch animal videos. 4. A: My parents told me____________(not push) myself too hard. B: Yes, it’s important___________(not forget) to relax once in a while. Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 做目的状语 to relax 4b 四、1. 什么是宾语补足语？ 2. 常见以不定式to + 动词原形作宾语补足语的动词有哪些？ 3. 结构又是什么？ 什么是宾语补足语？ 一句话： 补充说明宾语怎么样、做什么的成分，就叫宾语补足语（宾补）。 句子结构： 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补 • 宾语：动作的对象 • 宾补：对宾语补充说明，没有它，句子意思不完整。 举例： I want you to go home. 我想让你……（让你干嘛？意思不完整） → to go home 就是宾补，补充说明“你”要做什么。 2.常见以不定式to + 动词原形作宾语补足语的动词有： tell (告诉) ask (要求/叫) want (想要) teach (教) encourage (鼓励) expect (期望) wish (希望) invite (邀请) would like (想要) allow (允许) advise (建议) order (命令) warn (警告) remind (提醒) force (强迫) 记忆口诀（好背好记） 告诉要求教鼓励，期望希望请去做。允许建议令警告，提醒强迫都要做。 3.结构（必背）：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + to do sth. 例句：• My teacher tells me to study hard. 1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me________(decide)to try skiing. B: You’re welcome. Try_________(forget) your fears and have fun! 2. A: My cousin often asks me________(fly) kites with her when it’s windy. B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you_________(fly) kites sometime. 3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies___________(relax). B: Really?When I want__________(relax), I watch animal videos. 4. A: My parents told me____________(not push) myself too hard. B: Yes, it’s important___________(not forget) to relax once in a while. Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 做宾补 not to push make sb. do sth. 4b 五、动词不定式的否定形式？ 六、疑问词＋不定式 七、不带to的动词不定式，作宾补的动词 巧记口诀： 一感二听三让四看半帮助 对应单词 • 一感：feel • 二听：hear, listen to • 三让：have, make, let • 四看：see, watch, notice, look at • 半帮助：help（to 可加可不加） 这些词后面接动词原形，不带 to。 1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me________(decide)to try skiing. B: You’re welcome. Try_________(forget) your fears and have fun! 2. A: My cousin often asks me________(fly) kites with her when it’s windy. B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you_________(fly) kites sometime. 3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies___________(relax). B: Really?When I want__________(relax), I watch animal videos. 4. A: My parents told me____________(not push) myself too hard. B: Yes, it’s important___________(not forget) to relax once in a while. Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 做宾补 decide 做宾补 fly 做真正主语 not to forget make sb. do sth. It is+adj.+(for sb.) （not）to do sth. 4b 偶尔地；间或 watch sb. do sth. Grammar Focus Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an objective complement or adverbial. 4a What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice-skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my mother paint. I decide to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. 做目的状语 做目的状语 做宾补 开始做某事；进入；陷入；染上（习惯、嗜好等） 试一试某事=have a try; give it a try 做宾补 动词不定式之再回忆 1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me________(decide)to try skiing. B: You’re welcome. Try_________(forget) your fears and have fun! 2. A: My cousin often asks me________(fly) kites with her when it’s windy. B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you_________(fly) kites sometime. 3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies___________(relax). B: Really?When I want__________(relax), I watch animal videos. 4. A: My parents told me____________(not push) myself too hard. B: Yes, it’s important___________(not forget) to relax once in a while. Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 做宾补 decide 做宾语 to forget 做宾补 to fly 做宾补 fly 做目的状语 to relax 做宾语 to relax 做宾补 not to push 做真正主语 not to forget make sb. do sth. try to do sth. ask sb. to do sth. watch sb. do sth. want to do sth. tell sb. not to do sth. It is+adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. 4b push oneself too hard 逼自己太狠 偶尔地；间或 My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends_______football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided___________after that. He doesn’t like sport very much! Instead, he likes_____at home and_______movies,________to music, and chat with friends online.Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us_________more time together as a family. So, now they let us____our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors? (not) come do listen play spend watch stay 作目的状语 to play decide (not)to do sth. 作宾语 not to come like to do sth. 作宾语 to stay watch listen want sb. to do sth. 作宾补 to spend let sb. do sth. 作宾补 do 4c stay at home 待在家里 chat with sb. 与某人聊天 be worried about=worry about 担心 go on an outing 外出游玩 动词不定式 四、1. 什么是宾语补足语？ 2.常见以不定式to + 动词原形作宾语补足语的动词有哪些？3.结构又是什么？ 二、什么是宾语？ 常见以不定式做宾语的动词有哪些？（口诀） 一、什么是动词不定式？ 三、做目的状语 五、动词不定式的否定式 六、疑问词＋不定式 七、不带to的动词不定式做宾补 Summary Homework Circle the key words.请画出关键词 1. — How do you improve your English? — I try ______ English books every day. A. read B. to read C. reading 2. — How can we help protect the environment? — We should remember ______ lights when leaving. A. to turn off B. turn of C. turning off 3. — What advice did the doctor give you? — She advised me ______ at screens before bed. A. not look B. not to look C. not looking 4. — Did your mom let you eat ice cream before dinner? — No, she warned me ______ it. A. not to eat B. not eat C. not eating 5. — What did your mom say before you went out? — She reminded me ______ to take my umbrella. A. not forget B. not to forget C. not forgetting 6. — How was the basketball game yesterday? — It was fantastic! We watched our team ______ the game in the last second. A. to win B. win C. winning 7. — How did you get that interesting comic book? — My best friend let me ______ it from her. A. to borrow B. borrowing C. borrow 8. — Our study group needs to meet this weekend. — OK. Can you ask our teacher ______ to meet? In the library or the classroom? A. where B. when C. why 一、什么是动词不定式？ •动词不定式就是：to + 动词原形（有时 to 可省略），在句中充当名词、形容词或副词的作用。表“要做/去做”的动作。 二、什么是宾语 ？常见以不定式to + 动词原形作宾语的动词有哪些？ •宾语：动作的承受者。 谁做动作 → 动作 → 动作落在谁身上，谁就是宾语。 例子：I like English.我喜欢 英语。 （谁 动作 承受者） （主语 谓语 宾语） •常见以不定式to do作宾语的动词有： 巧记口诀：想要希望盼，决定计划选。同意开始学，忘记拒绝难。 对应： want / would like / hope / wish / expect decide / plan / choose agree / begin/ learn forget / refuse 动词不定式作宾语 小练习（5题） 1. I want ______ (go) home. 2. She decides ______ (study) English. 3. They hope ______ (see) you soon. 4. He plans ______ (play) basketball. 5. My friend agrees ______ (help) me. 三、什么是目的状语？ 目的状语：表示“为了……、去做……”的部分，就是目的状语。 一句话：说明“为什么做这个动作”，就是目的状语。 例句：I come to learn English.我来 为了学英语。 （to learn English 就是目的状语）非常好认：to do = 为了做…… 四、1. 什么是宾语补足语？ 2.常见以不定式to + 动词原形作宾语补足语的动词有哪些？ 3.结构又是什么？ 1. 什么是宾语补足语？一句话： 补充说明宾语怎么样、做什么的成分，就叫宾语补足语（宾补）。 句子结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补 • 宾语：动作的对象 • 宾补：对宾语补充说明，没有它，句子意思不完整。 举例：I want you to go home.我想让你……（让你干嘛？意思不完整） → to go home 就是宾补，补充说明“你”要做什么。 2.常见以不定式to + 动词原形作宾语补足语的动词有： tell (告诉) ask (要求/叫) want (想要) teach (教) encourage (鼓励) expect (期望) wish (希望) invite (邀请) would like (想要) allow (允许) advise (建议) order (命令) warn (警告) remind (提醒) force (强迫) 记忆口诀（好背好记） 告诉要求教鼓励，期望希望请去做。允许建议令警告，提醒强迫都要做。 3.结构（必背）：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + to do sth. 例句：• My teacher tells me to study hard. 五、动词不定式的否定式 动词不定式的否定式由 “not + 动词不定式” 构成。例如： • I would prefer not to talk about it. It's private. • “Try not to make any noise when you eat,” his mother said. • This book has taught me not to give up or doubt myself. 六、 “疑问词 + 不定式”结构 动词不定式可以和 what、which、how、where、when 等连用。例如： • He didn't know what to say to Ella. • I have no idea which book to choose for my book report. • She asked me how to use the washing machine. • The tour guide will tell you where to go next. 七、 不带 to 的动词不定式 有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带 to，这种动词主要有两类：一类是感官动词，如 see、hear、watch、feel、notice 等；另一类是使役动词，如 let、make、have 等。巧记口诀： 一感二听三让四看半帮助 对应单词 • 一感：feel• 二听：hear, listen to • 三让：have, make, let • 四看：see, watch, notice, look at • 半帮助：help（to 可加可不加） 这些词后面接动词原形，不带 to。 该页为：课堂导学案，老师们可直接下载打印。 $