Unit 1 When was he born（短文填空专练）英语鲁教版五四学制八年级下册

Unit 1 When was he born? 短文填空专练 话题：人与社会—著名人物 基础篇 01 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整。（每词限用一次） agriculture, regard, ninety, high, achieve, success, he, famous, interest, others Yuan Longping was born in Beijing. He is 1 as the “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻之父)” around the world and died in May, 2021. He is one of the greatest 2 scientists in the world. He became 3 in planting at the age of five and after university, he had the idea of studying hybrid (杂交的) rice. He had two dreams. One was to solve the problem of hunger in China and the 4 was to bring hybrid rice to the world. To achieve his dreams, he worked all day and all night. In his 5 , he still went to the field (田) and did researches every day. By his hard work, great 6 have been made. He 7 in making sure people have enough food to eat. So he won many national and world’s 8 awards (奖项). People all over the world are proud (骄傲) of him. On the day of his burial (葬礼), millions of people went to see 9 off. The long street was full of flowers. People all over the world love him and teenagers have 10 him as a model. We will deeply miss him in our future life. 02 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使意思完整。每个选项至多使用一次，有一项剩余。请将答案编号涂卡。 A．translated  B．born  C． including  D．falls  E. ability  F. changed  G. chance  H. performs International Children’s Book Day 1 on April 2 each year. This festival celebrates the birthday of a famous writer. Yes, he is the father of the modern fairy tale—Hans Christian Andersen. Andersen was 2 in Denmark on April 2, 1805. When he was eleven years old, his father died. The boy worked as a tailor (裁缝) to make a living. But he never lost his 3 to imagine wonderful stories. Later, he moved to Copenhagen, where his singing voice gave him a 4 to work as an actor at the Royal Danish Theatre. However, as he grew up, his voice 5 and he had to give up acting. The young man then turned to writing. He wrote many fairy tales, 6 the famous Ugly Duckling and Emperor’s New Clothes. While these stories may be quite simple, they often carry important lessons. Over the centuries, Andersen’s fairy tales have been 7 into more than 150 different languages. These stories have inspired (启发) many plays and films. The writer himself continues to be remembered in many ways around the world. In New York City’s Central Park, for example, a statue (雕像) of Andersen stands alongside his ugly duckling. You can also visit the Andersen Fairy-Tale Theme Park in Shanghai’s Yangpu district (区) . 03 highest, after, chance, personally, without, receive, poor, lies, spirit, together Qian Qihu, China’s top defense (防御) engineering expert, has once again moved many netizens with his charity donating (捐赠) a total of 500, 000 yuan to help children living in 1 conditions, CCTV news reported. Qian, 87, was born in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province. He is an academician (院士) from the Chinese Academy of Engineering and also the winner of China’s 2 military honor (军事荣誉), the August 1 Medal in 2022. He also 3 the award of Person Touching China for 2022. Qian, 4 with his wife and Kunshan Underground Space Technology Research Institute, donated 1 million yuan to Jinhui Charity Fund based in Kunshan, to care for children 5 parents and children suffering from leukemia (白血病). He set up the charity fund (慈善基金) in 2013, which is named 6 his mother and wife, to help excellent students from poor families have 7 to go to school and receive quality education. So far, the program has helped 1,331 students, with funding of about 13.6 million yuan and Qian has 8 donated about 13.38 million yuan. Many beneficiaries (受助人) have not only received money but also have been inspired by the 9 of Qian, taking him as a role model. Qian has almost donated all his savings to the charity fund. “The value of life 10 in devotion (奉献). I have devoted my whole life to our country and the people,” said Qian. 04 they,   freeze,   run,   safe,   high,   guide,   teach,   danger,   achieve,   be At 6:39 a.m. on May 25,2025, Li Haorong, a student from Beijing No.80 High School, reached the top of Mount Qomolangma. He made history as one of the Chinese teenagers to make it. As a child, he read books and watched documentaries about those who reached the top of the world’s 1 mountain. It was his greatest wish to be among 2 . Since January 2023, Li trained tirelessly for the journey. He spent months 3 , climbing smaller mountains, and learning about the necessary equipment. The day to begin his adventure (探险) arrived. The climb was challenging. Li faced 4 temperatures, harsh winds, and thin air. There 5 many times he wanted to give up, but he remembered why he started. In the “death zone,” Li used an oxygen mask to breathe. It was hard to keep going, but his dream kept him moving. After several days, the teen and his team reached the top with his 6 help. Standing at the top, he knew all his efforts paid off. The journey back down was just as 7 as the climbing up. Li needed to stay focused. At last, he went down the mountain 8 . When Li returned to the base camp, he was exhausted but also happy. The teen said the sport has 9 him valuable lessons, the most important of which is “to have a heart of reverence (敬畏)”. Li Haorong’s story teaches us that if we keep working on, we can make great 10 with strong will and courage. After all, it’s the persistence that turns “impossible” into “I made it”. 05 阅读短文，从下面方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。并将答案写在答题卡上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 pressure, its, hard, cross, hour, other, allow, many, real, through In 2021, a documentary (纪录片) named No Poverty Land (《无穷之路》) caught many people’s eyes. And 1 host (主持人) Chen Beier became one of the “People Who Moved China in 2021”. She was like a bridge and 2 more people to see our country’s development. To film the documentary, Chen spent three months travelling 3 six provinces (省份) with her team. When she went to Sichuan Province, she climbed to Cliff Village twice. It took her more than ten 4 each time. Certainly, she was afraid of falling from the mountain. However, to better understand how 5 the villagers’ life was before, she didn’t give up. Chen also overcame (克服) her fear and went on the ropeway (索道) to 6 Nujiang. In fact, her team didn’t put 7 on her to do so. They told her she didn’t have to try the ropeway and that there would be 8 ways to tell the story. But she even insisted (坚持). Speaking of the feelings of winning the honor, Chen said, “The villagers and the changes of our country have 9 moved me. As a host, I will try my best to tell 10 amazing Chinese stories.” 06 explore,  walk,  get,  be,  grow,  return,  reach,  send,  make,  become,  study   On May 30, 2023, China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship 1 to its space station. Among the three astronauts, a new face has got a lot of attention. He is Gui Haichao, a professor (教授) at Beihang University. Born in 1986 in Shidian, Yunnan Province, Gui 2 up in a common family. When he was in primary school, he was known for asking lots of questions. He spent much of his free time 3 the unknown world in the books. In high school, Gui was always the first 4 the classroom in the morning to study and the last to leave at night. He became interested in space at the age of 17. That year, China successfully 5 Shenzhou-5 into space and Yang Liwei became China’s first astronaut in space. Gui 6 even harder. Two years later, he entered Beihang University to study. 7 his dream come true, Gui spent nine years taking his bachelor’s and PhD degrees (学士和博士学位) at Beihang University. Then he worked abroad (在国外) for three years. After 8 to China, he began teaching and doing research at Beihang University. So far Gui 9 the first Chinese civilian (平民的) astronaut to enter space. His dream has come true. From him, we learn that everything 10 possible if we put our heart into it. 07（教材改编） 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） cut   America   realize   danger   quick   be   run   feel   accident   he Do you like mountain climbing? It’s one of the exciting sports. Aron Ralston, an 1 climber, is interested in it. He can get a strong 2 of satisfaction when climbing up to the top. But Aron almost lost his life in an 3 . On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very 4 situation when climbing in Utah. On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock when he was climbing by 5 in the mountains. Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and 6 out of his water. He was not ready to die that day. He 7 that he would have to do something to save his own life. So he used his knife to 8 off half his right arm without thinking twice. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged 9 so that he would not lose too much blood. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help. His love for mountain climbing 10 so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. Do you have the same spirit as Aron? You can think about it before you have to make a decision that could mean life or death. 培优篇 08 research; scientist; regard; full; achieve; succeed; work; he; famous; interest Yuan Longping was born in Beijing. He is 1 as the “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻之父)” around the world and died in May, 2021. He is one of the greatest 2 in the world. He became 3 in planting at the age of five and after university, he had the idea of studying hybrid (杂交的) rice. He had two dreams. One was to solve the problem of hunger in China and the other was to bring hybrid rice to the world. To 4 his dreams, he worked all day and all night. In his nineties, he still went to the field (田) and did 5 every day. By his hard 6 , great achievements have been made. He 7 in making sure people have enough food to eat. So he won many national and world’s highest awards (奖项). His achievements are the pride (骄傲) of the world. On the day of his burial (葬礼), millions of people went to see 8 off. The long street was 9 of flowers. People all over the world love him and teenagers have 10 him as a model. We will deeply miss him in our future life. 09 around, decide, die, hurt, interest, one, practice, remember, satisfy, she , spirit, volunteer Florence Nightingale is the most famous and greatest nurse of all time in the world. Her 1 in nursing can date back (追溯) to her early years. Nightingale grew up in a happy and rich family, but she was not 2 with living a life of comfort. She found out the difficulties of many people, especially those who were seriously 3 . She felt it was her responsibility (责任) to help them. So, Nightingale made a surprising 4 to become a nurse. Later, Nightingale started a journey to Germany for nursing training. During the Crimean War in 1854, Nightingale took a team of 38 nurses to Turkey, 5 to help wounded soldiers (伤兵). At night, there was no light. With a lamp in hand, Nightingale walked 6 , checking on patients. That’s why she had another name—“The Lady with the Lamp.” In 1860, Nightingale opened the 7 nursing school, setting rigorous standards (严格标准) for nursing training. She dedicated (奉献) her life to improving healthcare and helping others, always putting 8 last. Even when facing trouble, she kept going forward. Nightingale’s hard work successfully made the number of 9 in hospitals smaller. Nightingale died in 1910 at the age of 90. 10 her dedication and kindness, from 1974, people saw her birthday, May 12th, as International Nurses’ Day. 10 he  delicious  travel  cook  because  take  chance  sport  country  good Rick comes from France. It’s a romantic (浪漫的) 1 and famous for the Eiffel Tower. People from all over the world visit this famous sight every year. Rick came to China a few years ago and he has studied Chinese for five years, so he can speak it 2 . He has 3 to many places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall, West Lake and Mount Huangshan. He also finds Chinese food is very 4 . Now he has fallen in love with it. And he wants to learn how to 5 it by going to an evening cooking school. Rick likes doing 6 , such as running, walking and skating. Among them, 7 favorite sport is skating. He often 8 part in skating marathons to raise money for children in poor areas. He is very happy to have the 9 to help those children. After leaving school, he would like to work in China as a writer. He wants to write down his experiences in China, 10 he’d like to see more foreigners coming to visit China. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 When was he born? 短文填空专练 话题：人与社会—著名人物 基础篇 01 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整。（每词限用一次） agriculture, regard, ninety, high, achieve, success, he, famous, interest, others Yuan Longping was born in Beijing. He is 1 as the “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻之父)” around the world and died in May, 2021. He is one of the greatest 2 scientists in the world. He became 3 in planting at the age of five and after university, he had the idea of studying hybrid (杂交的) rice. He had two dreams. One was to solve the problem of hunger in China and the 4 was to bring hybrid rice to the world. To achieve his dreams, he worked all day and all night. In his 5 , he still went to the field (田) and did researches every day. By his hard work, great 6 have been made. He 7 in making sure people have enough food to eat. So he won many national and world’s 8 awards (奖项). People all over the world are proud (骄傲) of him. On the day of his burial (葬礼), millions of people went to see 9 off. The long street was full of flowers. People all over the world love him and teenagers have 10 him as a model. We will deeply miss him in our future life. 【答案】 1．famous 2．agricultural 3．interested 4．other 5．nineties 6．achievements 7．succeeded 8．highest 9．him 10．regarded 【导语】本文介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平和成就。 1．句意：他在世界各地被誉为“杂交水稻之父”，并于2021年5月去世。根据“Father of Hybrid Rice”以及备选词可知，此处表达袁隆平作为“杂交水稻之父”而出名，be famous as“作为……而出名”。故填famous。 2．句意：他是世界上最伟大的农业科学家之一。根据“He is one of the greatest…scientists in the world.”以及备选词可知，他是农业科学家，应用形容词agricultural“农业的”，修饰名词scientists。故填agricultural。 3．句意：他五岁时就对种植产生了兴趣，大学毕业后，他萌生了研究杂交水稻的想法。根据“became…in planting”以及备选词可知，此处指对种植感兴趣，应用形容词interested“感兴趣的”，修饰人。故填interested。 4．句意：一个是解决中国的饥饿问题，另一个是将杂交水稻推广到全世界。根据“He had two dreams.”可知，此处指“另一个梦想”，the other“另一个”。故填other。 5．句意：他九十多岁了，仍然每天去田里做研究。根据“In his...”可知是要表达年龄，“in one’s+几十的基数词复数”表示“在某人几十多岁”，结合备选词，应用nineties。故填nineties。 6．句意：通过他的努力工作，已经取得了巨大的成就。根据“great...have been made”以及备选词可知，此处指取得了巨大成就，应用复数名词achievements“成就”。故填achievements。 7．句意：他成功确保人们有足够的食物吃。根据“in making sure people have enough food to eat”以及备选词可知，袁隆平成功让人们有足够的食物吃，succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”；句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填succeeded。 8．句意：所以他赢得了许多国家级和世界级的最高奖项。根据“national and world’s...awards”以及备选词可知，此处指“世界级的最高奖项”，应用high的最高级，应用highest“最高的”。故填highest。 9．句意：在他葬礼那天，数百万人前去为他送行。根据“On the day of his burial”以及备选词可知，人们去袁隆平的葬礼为他送行，“see...off”中需用人称代词宾格，应用宾格him“他”。故填him。 10．句意：全世界的人都爱他，青少年们把他当作榜样。根据“have...him as a model”以及备选词可知，青少年将袁隆平当作榜样，regard...as...“把……当作……”；句子时态是现在完成时，空前为have，空处应用regard的过去分词。故填regarded。 02 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使意思完整。每个选项至多使用一次，有一项剩余。请将答案编号涂卡。 A．translated  B．born  C． including  D．falls  E. ability  F. changed  G. chance  H. performs International Children’s Book Day 1 on April 2 each year. This festival celebrates the birthday of a famous writer. Yes, he is the father of the modern fairy tale—Hans Christian Andersen. Andersen was 2 in Denmark on April 2, 1805. When he was eleven years old, his father died. The boy worked as a tailor (裁缝) to make a living. But he never lost his 3 to imagine wonderful stories. Later, he moved to Copenhagen, where his singing voice gave him a 4 to work as an actor at the Royal Danish Theatre. However, as he grew up, his voice 5 and he had to give up acting. The young man then turned to writing. He wrote many fairy tales, 6 the famous Ugly Duckling and Emperor’s New Clothes. While these stories may be quite simple, they often carry important lessons. Over the centuries, Andersen’s fairy tales have been 7 into more than 150 different languages. These stories have inspired (启发) many plays and films. The writer himself continues to be remembered in many ways around the world. In New York City’s Central Park, for example, a statue (雕像) of Andersen stands alongside his ugly duckling. You can also visit the Andersen Fairy-Tale Theme Park in Shanghai’s Yangpu district (区) . 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．G 5．F 6．C 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了国际儿童图书日的日期及其与著名作家汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生的关联，还讲述了安徒生的生平、创作的童话故事及其影响。 1．句意：国际儿童图书日每年4月2日举行。根据“International Children's Book Day...on April 2 each year”可知，“falls”意为“（节日等）适逢”，句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是单数，动词用第三人称单数形式。故选D。 2．句意：安徒生1805年4月2日出生于丹麦。根据“Andersen was...in Denmark”可知，说明安徒生的出生地，“born”意为“出生”，用于“be born in”短语中。故选B。 3．句意：但他从未失去想象精彩故事的能力。根据“never lost his...to imagine wonderful stories”可知，想象精彩故事是一种能力，“ability”意为“能力”，符合语境。故选E。 4．句意：后来，他搬到了哥本哈根，在那里他的歌声让他有机会在丹麦皇家剧院当演员。根据“gave him a...to work as an actor”可知，是有机会当上演员，“chance”意为“机会”，符合语境。故选G。 5．句意：然而，随着他长大，他的声音变了，他不得不放弃演戏。根据“his voice...and he had to give up acting”可知，说明安徒生放弃演戏的原因，是声音变了，“changed”意为“改变”，符合语境。故选F。 6．句意：他写了许多童话故事，包括著名的《丑小鸭》和《皇帝的新衣》。根据“He wrote many fairy tales,...the famous...”可知，列举安徒生的作品，“including”意为“包括”，符合语境。故选C。 7．句意：几个世纪以来，安徒生的童话故事被翻译成150多种不同的语言。根据“have been...into more than 150 different languages”可知，安徒生的童话故事被翻译成150多种不同的语言，“translated”意为“翻译”，用于被动语态中。故选A。 03 highest, after, chance, personally, without, receive, poor, lies, spirit, together Qian Qihu, China’s top defense (防御) engineering expert, has once again moved many netizens with his charity donating (捐赠) a total of 500, 000 yuan to help children living in 1 conditions, CCTV news reported. Qian, 87, was born in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province. He is an academician (院士) from the Chinese Academy of Engineering and also the winner of China’s 2 military honor (军事荣誉), the August 1 Medal in 2022. He also 3 the award of Person Touching China for 2022. Qian, 4 with his wife and Kunshan Underground Space Technology Research Institute, donated 1 million yuan to Jinhui Charity Fund based in Kunshan, to care for children 5 parents and children suffering from leukemia (白血病). He set up the charity fund (慈善基金) in 2013, which is named 6 his mother and wife, to help excellent students from poor families have 7 to go to school and receive quality education. So far, the program has helped 1,331 students, with funding of about 13.6 million yuan and Qian has 8 donated about 13.38 million yuan. Many beneficiaries (受助人) have not only received money but also have been inspired by the 9 of Qian, taking him as a role model. Qian has almost donated all his savings to the charity fund. “The value of life 10 in devotion (奉献). I have devoted my whole life to our country and the people,” said Qian. 【答案】 1．Poor 2．highest 3．received 4．together 5．without 6．after 7．chances 8．personally 9．spirit 10．lies 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国顶尖防御工程专家钱七虎的慈善事迹，包括他多次捐款帮助困境儿童、设立慈善基金的经历，以及他的奉献精神对受助者的影响，展现了他将一生奉献给国家和人民的价值观。 1．句意：据央视新闻报道，中国顶尖防御工程专家钱七虎再次感动了众多网友，他捐赠了50万元善款，用于帮助生活在贫困条件下的儿童。根据“children living in … conditions”和备选词汇可知，此处是指生活在贫困条件的儿童；考查poor“贫困的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“conditions”。故填poor。 2．句意：他是中国工程院院士，也是2022年“八一勋章”——中国最高军事荣誉的获得者。根据下文“the August 1 Medal”和备选词汇可知，此处是指八一勋章是中国最高军事荣誉；考查highest“最高的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰“military honor”。故填highest。 3．句意：他还得到了2022年度“感动中国人物”奖项。根据空后“the award”和备选词汇可知，此处是指得到了奖项；考查receive“得到，收到”，动词；句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式received。故填received。 4．句意：钱七虎与妻子及昆山地下空间技术研究院一起，向昆山瑾晖慈善基金会捐赠了100万元，用于关爱孤儿和白血病患儿。根据空后“with”和备选词汇可知，此处考查together with“与……一起”，介词短语。故填together。 5．句意：钱七虎与妻子及昆山地下空间技术研究院一起，向昆山瑾晖慈善基金会捐赠了100万元，用于关爱孤儿和白血病患儿。根据下文“children suffering from leukemia”和备选词汇可知，此处是没有父母的孩子和白血病患儿；考查without“没有”，介词，children without parents“孤儿”，符合语境。故填without。 6．句意：他于2013年设立了以母亲和妻子名字命名的慈善基金，旨在帮助贫困家庭的优秀学生获得上学和接受优质教育的机会。根据“… is named … his mother and wife”和备选词汇可知，此处是指以他的母亲和妻子的名字命名的慈善基金；考查named after“以……命名”，固定搭配，符合语境。故填after。 7．句意：他于2013年设立了以母亲和妻子名字命名的慈善基金，旨在帮助贫困家庭的优秀学生获得上学和接受优质教育的机会。根据“have … to go to schools and receive quality education”和备选词汇可知，此处是指获得上学和优质教育的机会；考查chance“机会”，可数名词；又根据上文“excellent students from poor families”可知，学生群体是复数，他们能获得的“机会”也应是多个，所以此处应用名词复数形式chances。故填chances。 8．句意：截至目前，该项目已资助1331名学生，资助金额约1360万元，其中钱七虎个人捐赠约1338万元。根据“Qian has … donated about 13.38 million yuan”和备选词汇可知，此处是指钱七虎个人捐赠约1338万元；考查personally“个人地”，副词，在句中作状语，修饰动词“donated”。故填personally。 9．句意：许多受助者不仅收到了资金，还被钱七虎的精神所激励，将他视为榜样。根据“inspired by the … of Qian”和备选词汇可知，此处是指被钱七虎的精神所激励；考查spirit“精神”，名词。故填spirit。 10．句意：生命的价值在于奉献。根据“The value of life … in devotion.”和备选词汇可知，此处是指生命的价值在于奉献；考查lie in“在于”，动词短语；句子陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语“The value of life”为单数，谓语动词应用三单形式lies。故填lies。 04 they,   freeze,   run,   safe,   high,   guide,   teach,   danger,   achieve,   be At 6:39 a.m. on May 25,2025, Li Haorong, a student from Beijing No.80 High School, reached the top of Mount Qomolangma. He made history as one of the Chinese teenagers to make it. As a child, he read books and watched documentaries about those who reached the top of the world’s 1 mountain. It was his greatest wish to be among 2 . Since January 2023, Li trained tirelessly for the journey. He spent months 3 , climbing smaller mountains, and learning about the necessary equipment. The day to begin his adventure (探险) arrived. The climb was challenging. Li faced 4 temperatures, harsh winds, and thin air. There 5 many times he wanted to give up, but he remembered why he started. In the “death zone,” Li used an oxygen mask to breathe. It was hard to keep going, but his dream kept him moving. After several days, the teen and his team reached the top with his 6 help. Standing at the top, he knew all his efforts paid off. The journey back down was just as 7 as the climbing up. Li needed to stay focused. At last, he went down the mountain 8 . When Li returned to the base camp, he was exhausted but also happy. The teen said the sport has 9 him valuable lessons, the most important of which is “to have a heart of reverence (敬畏)”. Li Haorong’s story teaches us that if we keep working on, we can make great 10 with strong will and courage. After all, it’s the persistence that turns “impossible” into “I made it”. 【答案】 1．highest 2．them 3．running 4．freezing 5．were 6．guide’s 7．dangerous 8．safely 9．taught 10．achievements 【导语】本文主要介绍了北京第八十中学学生李昊融于2025年5月25日成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰的经历、过程中的挑战以及其故事所传达的道理。 1． 句意：小时候，他读过一些关于那些登上世界最高峰的人的书籍和纪录片。根据“Mount Qomolangma”可知，此处表示“最高的”，备选词high“高的”符合语境，其最高级形式为highest。故填highest。 2．句意：他最大的愿望就是成为他们中的一员。根据“those who reached the top”可知，此处指代前文提到的那些人，备选词they“他们”符合语境，介词among后接宾格形式them。故填them。 3．句意：他花了几个月的时间跑步、攀登较小的山脉以及学习必要的装备知识。根据“trained tirelessly”可知，此处是训练的具体内容，备选词run“跑步”符合语境，spend time doing sth为固定短语，run的动名词形式为running。故填running。 4．句意：李面临着严寒、狂风和稀薄的空气。根据“temperatures”以及珠穆朗玛峰的环境可知，此处表示“极冷的”，备选词freeze“结冰”符合语境，其形容词形式为freezing。故填freezing。 5．句意：有很多次他想放弃，但他记得自己为什么开始。本句为there be句型，根据“many times”可知，be动词应用复数形式，且时态为一般过去时，备选词be符合语境，其过去式复数形式为were。故填were。 6．句意：几天后，在向导的帮助下，这个少年和他的团队登上了山顶。根据“his...help”以及登山场景可知，此处表示“向导的”，备选词guide“向导”符合语境，其所有格形式为guide’s。故填guide’s。 7．句意：下山的旅程和上山时一样危险。根据“the journey back down”“as...as the climbing up”以及前文提到的登山的挑战可知，此处表示“危险的”，备选词danger“危险”符合语境，其形容词形式为dangerous。故填dangerous。 8．句意：最后，他安全地下了山。根据“At last, he went down the mountain”可知，此处表示“安全地”，修饰动词短语went down，备选词safe“安全的”符合语境，其副词形式为safely。故填safely。 9．句意：这个少年说这项运动教给了他宝贵的教训，其中最重要的是“要有敬畏之心”。根据“valuable lessons”可知，此处表示“教”，备选词teach“教”符合语境，结合has可知时态为现在完成时，teach的过去分词形式为taught。故填taught。 10．句意：李昊融的故事告诉我们，只要我们坚持不懈，凭借坚强的意志和勇气，我们就能取得巨大的成就。根据“make great”可知，此处表示“成就”，备选词achieve“实现”符合语境，其名词形式为achievements，make achievements为固定短语。故填achievements。 05 阅读短文，从下面方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。并将答案写在答题卡上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 pressure, its, hard, cross, hour, other, allow, many, real, through In 2021, a documentary (纪录片) named No Poverty Land (《无穷之路》) caught many people’s eyes. And 1 host (主持人) Chen Beier became one of the “People Who Moved China in 2021”. She was like a bridge and 2 more people to see our country’s development. To film the documentary, Chen spent three months travelling 3 six provinces (省份) with her team. When she went to Sichuan Province, she climbed to Cliff Village twice. It took her more than ten 4 each time. Certainly, she was afraid of falling from the mountain. However, to better understand how 5 the villagers’ life was before, she didn’t give up. Chen also overcame (克服) her fear and went on the ropeway (索道) to 6 Nujiang. In fact, her team didn’t put 7 on her to do so. They told her she didn’t have to try the ropeway and that there would be 8 ways to tell the story. But she even insisted (坚持). Speaking of the feelings of winning the honor, Chen said, “The villagers and the changes of our country have 9 moved me. As a host, I will try my best to tell 10 amazing Chinese stories.” 【答案】 1．its 2．allowed 3．through 4．hours 5．hard 6．cross 7．pressure 8．other 9．really 10．more 【导语】本文讲述了主持人陈贝儿为拍摄纪录片《无穷之路》而跋山涉水、深入贫困地区，真实记录中国脱贫巨变的故事。 1．句意：它的主持人陈贝儿成为了“2021 感动中国人物”之一。此处指代纪录片《无穷之路》的主持人，修饰名词“host”用形容词性物主代词its“它的”，故填its。 2．句意：她就像一座桥梁，让更多人看到我们国家的发展。根据“more people to see our country’s development.”可知是允许更多人看到我们国家的发展，“allow sb. to do sth.”表示“允许某人做某事”，根据“was”可知用一般过去时，“allow”的过去式是“allowed”，故填allowed。 3．句意：为了拍摄这部纪录片，陈和她的团队花了三个月时间穿越六个省份。“travel through”表示“穿越；游历”，符合语境，故填through。 4．句意：每次都花她十多个小时。“ten”后接可数名词复数，“hour”的复数是“hours”，表示时间，故填hours。 5．句意：然而，为了更好地了解以前村民的生活有多艰难，她没有放弃。根据“the villagers’ life was”可知以前的生活很艰难，“hard”表示“艰难的”，符合语境，故填hard。 6．句意：陈也克服了恐惧，坐索道横渡怒江。根据“Nujiang.”可知是横渡怒江，“cross”表示“横渡；穿过”，动词不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，故填cross。 7．句意：事实上，她的团队没有给她施加压力去这么做。根据“They told her she didn’t have to try the ropeway”可知他们告诉她不必尝试坐索道，所以没有给她施加压力，“put pressure on sb.”表示“给某人施加压力”，固定搭配，故填pressure。 8．句意：他们告诉她不必尝试坐索道，会有其他方式来讲述这个故事。根据“ways to tell the story”可知是有其他的方式讲故事，“other”表示“其他的”，修饰名词“ways”，故填other。 9．句意：村民们和我们国家的变化真的打动了我。此处修饰动词“moved”，要用副词，“real”的副词“really”，表示 “真正地；确实”，符合语境。故填really。 10．句意：作为一名主持人，我会尽我最大的努力讲述更多精彩的中国故事。根据“amazing Chinese stories.”可知是讲述更多的中国故事，“more”表示“更多的”，修饰“amazing Chinese stories”，故填more。 06 explore,  walk,  get,  be,  grow,  return,  reach,  send,  make,  become,  study   On May 30, 2023, China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship 1 to its space station. Among the three astronauts, a new face has got a lot of attention. He is Gui Haichao, a professor (教授) at Beihang University. Born in 1986 in Shidian, Yunnan Province, Gui 2 up in a common family. When he was in primary school, he was known for asking lots of questions. He spent much of his free time 3 the unknown world in the books. In high school, Gui was always the first 4 the classroom in the morning to study and the last to leave at night. He became interested in space at the age of 17. That year, China successfully 5 Shenzhou-5 into space and Yang Liwei became China’s first astronaut in space. Gui 6 even harder. Two years later, he entered Beihang University to study. 7 his dream come true, Gui spent nine years taking his bachelor’s and PhD degrees (学士和博士学位) at Beihang University. Then he worked abroad (在国外) for three years. After 8 to China, he began teaching and doing research at Beihang University. So far Gui 9 the first Chinese civilian (平民的) astronaut to enter space. His dream has come true. From him, we learn that everything 10 possible if we put our heart into it. 【答案】 1．got 2．grew 3．exploring 4．to reach 5．sent 6．studied 7．To make 8．returning 9．has become 10．is 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国神舟十六号航天员桂海潮的成长经历和航天梦想的实现过程。 1．句意：2023年5月30日，中国神舟十六号飞船抵达空间站。根据“China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship...to its space station.”可知，此处指“到达空间站”，get to“到达”，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填get的过去式got。故填got。 2．句意：桂海潮1986年出生于云南省施甸县，在一个普通家庭中长大。根据所给单词和“Gui...up in a common family”可知，此处应用动词短语grow up表示“长大”，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填grow的过去式grew。故填grew。 3．句意：他花了很多空闲时间探索书中未知的世界。根据“He spent much of his free time...the unknown world in the books.”和所给单词可知，此处指“探索未知的世界”，动词explore“探索”符合语境，结合短语spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”可知，空处应填explore的动词-ing形式exploring。故填exploring。 4．句意：在高中，桂海潮总是早上第一个到教室学习，晚上最后一个离开。根据“Gui was always the first...the classroom in the morning to study and the last to leave at night.”可知，桂海潮总是第一个到教室，最后一个离开的人。动词reach“到达”符合语境，结合短语the first to do sth.“第一个做某事的人”可知，空处应填动词不定式to reach。故填to reach。 5．句意：那一年，中国成功地将神舟五号送入太空，杨利伟成为中国第一位太空宇航员。根据“China successfully...Shenzhou-5 into space”可知，中国成功地将神舟五号送入太空，动词send“发送”符合语境，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填send的过去式sent。故填sent。 6．句意：桂海潮学习更加努力了。根据下文“Two years later, he entered Beihang University to study.”和所给单词可推知，桂海潮学习更加努力了，动词study“学习”符合语境，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填study的过去式studied。故填studied。 7．句意：为了实现自己的梦想，桂海潮花了九年时间在北京航空航天大学获得了学士和博士学位。make one’s dream come true“实现某人的梦想”；根据“...his dream come true, Gui spent nine years taking his bachelor’s and PhD degrees (学士和博士学位) at Beihang University.”可知，桂海潮花九年时间在北京航空航天大学获得学士和博士学位是为了实现自己的梦想，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，空处应填to make，句首首字母大写。故填To make。 8．句意：回国后，他开始在北京航空航天大学教书和做研究。根据上文“Then he worked abroad (在国外) for three years.”可推知，此处指“回到中国后”，动词return“返回”符合语境，空前的After是介词，其后接动词-ing形式，所以空处应填return的动词-ing形式returning。故填returning。 9．句意：到目前为止，桂海潮已经成为第一个进入太空的中国平民宇航员。根据“So far Gui...the first Chinese civilian (平民的) astronaut to enter space.”和所给单词可知，此处指“成为第一个进入太空的中国平民宇航员”，动词become“成为”符合语境，结合空前的So far可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构是：have/has+动词过去分词，主语Gui表示单数，所以应用助动词has，become的过去分词是become。故填has become。 10．句意：从他身上，我们学到了如果我们用心去做，一切皆有可能。根据“everything...possible”可知，此处应用“主系表”结构，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语everything表示单数，所以空处应填系动词is。故填is。 07（教材改编） 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） cut   America   realize   danger   quick   be   run   feel   accident   he Do you like mountain climbing? It’s one of the exciting sports. Aron Ralston, an 1 climber, is interested in it. He can get a strong 2 of satisfaction when climbing up to the top. But Aron almost lost his life in an 3 . On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very 4 situation when climbing in Utah. On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock when he was climbing by 5 in the mountains. Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and 6 out of his water. He was not ready to die that day. He 7 that he would have to do something to save his own life. So he used his knife to 8 off half his right arm without thinking twice. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged 9 so that he would not lose too much blood. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help. His love for mountain climbing 10 so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. Do you have the same spirit as Aron? You can think about it before you have to make a decision that could mean life or death. 【答案】 1．American 2．feeling 3．accident 4．dangerous 5．himself 6．ran 7．realized 8．cut 9．quickly 10．was 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了登山爱好者Aron Ralston在一次登山事故中为求生断臂自救的故事，并体现了他对登山运动的热爱。 1．句意：Aron Ralston，一位美国登山者，对此很感兴趣。根据“an”和“climber”可知需填形容词修饰名词，且首字母为元音。America意思是“美国”，名词，其形容词形式为American，意思是“美国的”，符合语境。故填American。 2．句意：登顶时，他能获得强烈的满足感。根据“get a strong… of satisfaction”可知，是获得满足感。“get a feeling of…”表示“获得……的感觉”，feel意思是“感觉”，动词，其名词形式为“feeling”。故填feeling。 3．句意：但Aron在一次事故中差点丧命。根据“lost his life”和上下文可知是“事故”，“accident”意为“意外事故”，名词，符合语境。故填accident。 4．句意：在2003年4月26日，在犹他州登山时，他发现自己处境非常危险。根据“in a very… situation”可知，是在危险的处境，“situation”需形容词修饰，danger意思是“危险”，名词，其形容词形式为“dangerous”（危险的），符合语境。故填dangerous。 5．句意：那天，Aron独自登山时，手臂被一块360公斤的岩石压住。根据“when he was climbing by…”可知，是他独自登山，“by oneself”是固定搭配，表示“独自”，主语为“he”，故填himself。 6．句意：他困在那里五天，耗尽了水。根据“… out of his water”可知，是耗尽了水，“run out of”为固定短语，意为“耗尽”，根据“stayed there for five days”可知用过去时“ran”。故填ran。 7．句意：他意识到必须做一些事情自救。根据“He… that”可知，是他意识到。realize意思是“意识到”，根据上下文需用过去时“realized”。故填realized。 8．句意：他用刀毫不犹豫地切断了半个右臂。根据“… off half his right arm”可知，是切断半个右臂，“cut off”为固定短语，表示“切断”，根据“used his knife”可知动作需用原形。故填cut。 9．句意：然后，他用左臂快速包扎，避免失血过多。根据“he bandaged…”可知，是快速包扎，用副词修饰动词bandaged，quick意思是“快速的”，形容词，其副词形式为quickly，故填quickly。 10．句意：他对登山的热爱如此强烈，即使经历此事后仍继续攀登。根据“His love for mountain climbing… so great”可知，“so great”需系动词连接，主语为“love”（单数），且为过去时，故填was。 培优篇 08 research; scientist; regard; full; achieve; succeed; work; he; famous; interest Yuan Longping was born in Beijing. He is 1 as the “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻之父)” around the world and died in May, 2021. He is one of the greatest 2 in the world. He became 3 in planting at the age of five and after university, he had the idea of studying hybrid (杂交的) rice. He had two dreams. One was to solve the problem of hunger in China and the other was to bring hybrid rice to the world. To 4 his dreams, he worked all day and all night. In his nineties, he still went to the field (田) and did 5 every day. By his hard 6 , great achievements have been made. He 7 in making sure people have enough food to eat. So he won many national and world’s highest awards (奖项). His achievements are the pride (骄傲) of the world. On the day of his burial (葬礼), millions of people went to see 8 off. The long street was 9 of flowers. People all over the world love him and teenagers have 10 him as a model. We will deeply miss him in our future life. 【答案】 1．famous 2．scientists 3．interested 4．achieve 5．research 96．work 97．succeeded 8．him 9．full 10．regarded 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国享誉世界的杂交水稻之父——袁隆平的经历。 1．句意：他因“杂交水稻之父”而闻名于世，于2021年5月去世。结合“He is...famous as the ...”和备选词汇可知，此处考查be famous as“作为……而出名”，形容词短语。故填famous。 2．句意：他是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。结合“He is one of the greatest...in the world.”和备选词汇可知，此处是指他是最伟大的科学家之一；scientist“科学家”，名词；根据“one of…”可知，此处考查one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……之一”，因此这里应用名词复数形式scientists。故填scientists。 3．句意：他五岁时就对种植产生了兴趣，大学毕业后，他萌生了研究杂交水稻的想法。结合“became … in”和备选词汇可知，此处考查become interested in“对……感兴趣”，动词短语；应将interest改为形容词interested“感兴趣的”，在句中作表语。故填interested。 4．句意：为了实现自己的梦想，他整天整夜地工作。结合“To...his dreams”和备选词汇可知，此处是指实现梦想，achieve“实现”，动词；根据空前不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形。故填achieve。 5．句意：九十多岁时，他仍然每天去田里做研究。结合“he still went to the field and did...every day”和备选词汇可知，此处是指做研究，do research“做研究”，动词短语，其中research“研究”，不可数名词，符合语境。故填research。 6．句意：由于他的辛勤工作，取得了巨大的成就。结合“By his hard…, great achievements have been made.”和备选词汇可知，此处是指他的辛勤工作，work“工作”，不可数名词，hard work是名词短语，符合语境。故填work。 7．句意：他成功地确保人们有足够的食物吃。结合“He...in making sure people have enough food to eat.”和上文“great achievements have been made”以及备选词汇可知，他成功地确保了人们有食物可吃，考查succeed in doing“成功做某事”，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填succeeded。 8．句意：在他下葬的那天，数百万人去为他送行。结合“millions of people went to see...off”和备选词汇可知，此处是指为他送行；see sb. off“为……送行，向……告别”，应用人称代词he的宾格形式him作宾语。故填him。 9．句意：长长的街道上铺满了鲜花。结合“was...of flowers”和备选词汇可知，此处考查be full of“充满……”，形容词短语。故填full。 10．句意：全世界的人都爱他，青少年都把他当成榜样。结合“teenagers have...him as a model”和备选词汇可知，此处是指青少年把他当成榜样，考查regard … as“把……认作……”，动词短语；根据空前助动词have可知，句子时态为现在完成时，因此这里应用动词regard的过去分词regarded。故填regarded。 09 around, decide, die, hurt, interest, one, practice, remember, satisfy, she , spirit, volunteer Florence Nightingale is the most famous and greatest nurse of all time in the world. Her 1 in nursing can date back (追溯) to her early years. Nightingale grew up in a happy and rich family, but she was not 2 with living a life of comfort. She found out the difficulties of many people, especially those who were seriously 3 . She felt it was her responsibility (责任) to help them. So, Nightingale made a surprising 4 to become a nurse. Later, Nightingale started a journey to Germany for nursing training. During the Crimean War in 1854, Nightingale took a team of 38 nurses to Turkey, 5 to help wounded soldiers (伤兵). At night, there was no light. With a lamp in hand, Nightingale walked 6 , checking on patients. That’s why she had another name—“The Lady with the Lamp.” In 1860, Nightingale opened the 7 nursing school, setting rigorous standards (严格标准) for nursing training. She dedicated (奉献) her life to improving healthcare and helping others, always putting 8 last. Even when facing trouble, she kept going forward. Nightingale’s hard work successfully made the number of 9 in hospitals smaller. Nightingale died in 1910 at the age of 90. 10 her dedication and kindness, from 1974, people saw her birthday, May 12th, as International Nurses’ Day. 【答案】 1．interest 2．satisfied 3．hurt 4．decision 5．volunteering 6．around 7．first 8．herself 9．deaths 10．To remember 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上第一位伟大的护士——南丁格尔。 1．句意：她对护理的兴趣可以追溯到她很小的时候。根据“in nursing can date back (追溯) to her early years”可知，此处指的“她对护理的兴趣可以追溯到早年”，备选词interest“兴趣”符合题意，此处指的对护理的兴趣，填单数。故填interest。 2．句意：南丁格尔生长在一个幸福富裕的家庭，但她并不满足于舒适的生活。根据“but”可知，前后句意存在转折，即虽然南丁格尔出生在一个富裕的家庭，但她并不满足于此。备选词satisfy符合语境，改为satisfied，“be satisfied with”表示“对……感到满足”，固定表达。故填satisfied。 3．句意：她发现了许多人的困难，特别是那些受到严重伤害的人。根据“especially those who were seriously…”可知，此处指的是那些受重伤的人。备选词hurt符合语境，were seriously hurt“受伤严重”。故填hurt。 4．句意：因此，南丁格尔做了一个令人惊讶的决定，成为一名护士。根据“to become a nurse”可知，此处指的是南丁格尔做出的决定。备选词decide符合语境，改为名词“decision”表示“决定”，a接名词单数。故填decision。 5．句意：1854年克里米亚战争期间，南丁格尔带领一支由38名护士组成的队伍前往土耳其，志愿帮助受伤的士兵。根据“to help wounded soldiers (伤兵).”可知，此处指的南丁格尔志愿帮助受伤的士兵，备选词volunteer符合语境，作伴随状语，故填volunteering。 6．句意：南丁格尔手里拿着一盏灯，四处走动，检查病人。根据“checking on patients”可知，此处指的是南丁格尔在走来走去地检查病人。备选词around意为“到处”，符合语境，表示走来走去。故填around。 7．句意：1860年，南丁格尔开设了第一所护理学校，为护理培训制定了严格的标准。根据“nursing school”可知，此处指的第一所护理学校，备选词one改为序数词first“第一”。故填first。 8．句意：她一生致力于改善医疗保健和帮助他人，总是把自己放在最后。根据“She dedicated (奉献) her life to improving healthcare and helping others, always putting”可知，此处指的她把自己放在最后，备选词she的反身代词herself“她自己”符合语境。故填herself。 9．句意：南丁格尔的努力工作成功地减少了医院的死亡人数。此处指的是死亡人数减少，备选词die变为名词deaths，the number of接名词复数。故填deaths。 10．句意：为了纪念她的奉献和善良，从1974年开始，人们把她的生日5月12日定为国际护士节。此处作目的状语，填不定式，故填To remember。 10 he  delicious  travel  cook  because  take  chance  sport  country  good Rick comes from France. It’s a romantic (浪漫的) 1 and famous for the Eiffel Tower. People from all over the world visit this famous sight every year. Rick came to China a few years ago and he has studied Chinese for five years, so he can speak it 2 . He has 3 to many places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall, West Lake and Mount Huangshan. He also finds Chinese food is very 4 . Now he has fallen in love with it. And he wants to learn how to 5 it by going to an evening cooking school. Rick likes doing 6 , such as running, walking and skating. Among them, 7 favorite sport is skating. He often 8 part in skating marathons to raise money for children in poor areas. He is very happy to have the 9 to help those children. After leaving school, he would like to work in China as a writer. He wants to write down his experiences in China, 10 he’d like to see more foreigners coming to visit China. 【答案】 1．country 2．well 3．traveled 4．delicious 5．cook 6．sports 7．his 8．takes 9．chance 10．because 【导语】本文讲述了来自法国的Rick在中国学习中文、旅行、品尝美食、参与运动并希望帮助贫困地区儿童的故事，同时表达了他对中国的热爱和未来想要在中国工作的愿望。 1．句意：这是一个浪漫的国家，以埃菲尔铁塔而闻名。根据“Rick comes from France.”可知，法国是一个国家，因此选择country“国家”，a修饰可数名词单数，故填country。 2．句意：Rick几年前来到中国，他已经学了五年中文，所以他能说得很流利。根据“he can speak it”可知，此处指中文说得好，选择good“好的”，此处修饰动词speak，用副词well，故填well。 3．句意：他去过中国的许多名胜古迹，如长城、西湖和黄山。根据“to many places of interest in China”可知，此处指去很多名胜古迹旅行，选择travel“旅行”，has后跟过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填traveled。 4．句意：他还发现中国菜很好吃。根据“Now he has fallen in love with it.”可知，此处指中国菜很美味，选择delicious“美味的”，形容词作表语，故填delicious。 5．句意：他想通过去夜校学习如何烹饪。根据“he wants to learn how to”可知，此处指学习如何烹饪，选择cook“烹饪”，动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形，故填cook。 6．句意：Rick喜欢做运动，比如跑步、散步和滑冰。根据“such as running, walking and skating”可知，此处指喜欢做运动，选择sport“运动”，此处表示泛指，用复数形式，故填sports。 7．句意：其中，他最喜欢的运动是滑冰。根据“favorite sport is skating”可知，此处指他最喜欢的运动，选择he“他”，此处修饰名词sport，用形容词性物主代词his，故填his。 8．句意：他经常参加滑冰马拉松比赛，为贫困地区的儿童筹集资金。根据“part in skating marathons”可知，此处指参加滑冰马拉松比赛，选择take，take part in“参加”，固定短语，根据often可知，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填takes。 9．句意：他很高兴有机会帮助那些孩子。根据“to help those children”可知，此处指帮助那些孩子的机会，选择chance“机会”，此处表示泛指，用单数形式，故填chance。 10．句意：他想把他在中国的经历写下来，因为他想看到更多的外国人来中国旅游。根据“He wants to write down his experiences in China”和“he’d like to see more foreigners coming to visit China.”可知，前后句是因果关系，后句是原因，用because“因为”引导原因状语从句，故填because。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $