Unit 2 单元语法精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点精讲精练全突破（人教版）

Unit 2单元语法精讲精练 一、情态动词should和could的用法） 1. should的用法 这是最常用的提建议方式，表示根据常理、责任或情况，做某事是正确、明智或最好的选择。它带有一定的“劝告”意味。 should作情态动词,有实际的词义,但它不可单独作谓语,须与动词原形连用,没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式是should not,可缩写为shouldn’t；变为一般疑问句时,should提到主语之前。它的用法如下： （1）表示提出或征询建议，意为“应该”。 I think you should save some money for your father’s birthday. 我认为你应该为你父亲的生日攒些钱。 （2）表示责任或义务，意为“应该，应当”。 We should follow the rules in public. 在公共场合我们应该遵守规则。 （3）表示推测，意为“照理说，应该”，语气弱于must“一定”(表示推测)。 Don’t worry. Kate should arrive soon. 别担心。凯特应该很快就到了。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+ should +动词原形+其他 We should help the people in trouble. 否定句 主语+ shouldn’t +动词原形+其他 They shouldn’t eat too much. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ should +主语+动词原形+其他？ Where should we meet? 一般疑问句 Should +主语+动词原形+其他？ —It’s too cold. Should I close the window? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ should. —Yes, you should. 否定回答 No, 主语+shouldn’t. —No, you shouldn’t. 2. could的用法 情态动词could本身不能作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。当你想非常礼貌、不显强硬地提出一个建议或可能性时，就用 could。它意味着“或许可以尝试……”，给对方充分的选择自由，没有强加的感觉。 核心用法与例句： （1）could用于提出建议，比can语气更为委婉。 You could ask your doctor for a check-up. 你可以请医生做个检查。 （2）句型“Could you (please)...?”常用于委婉地请求某人做某事，其后通常接动词原形，此时其肯定回答和否定回答都不用could。 肯定回答：Yes, I can./Sure./Of course./No problem./...  否定回答：Sorry, I’m afraid not./I’m sorry, I can’t. /I’m sorry, but.../Of course not. —Could you lend your computer to me? 你可以把你的电脑借给我吗? —Certainly. 当然可以。/Sorry, I’m afraid not. 对不起，恐怕不行。 （3）句型“Could I do...?”常用于委婉地请求许可，答语中用can，而不用could。 肯定回答：Yes, you can./Certainly./Sure. 否定回答：No, you can’t./Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t. —Could I have a look at your new watch? 我能看看你的新手表吗？ —Sure. 当然可以。/No, you can’t. 不，不行。 can/could 表示能力，意为＂能，会＂ I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这句话。 表示许可时，意为＂可以，能够＂，相当于may She said that I could use her computer. 她说我可以使用她的电脑。 用于推测，表示可能性，意为＂可能＂，could比can更加不肯定，多用于否定或疑问句 The man can’t be our teacher — he has gone to Beijing. 那个男人不可能是我们的老师，他去北京了。 There is someone outside — who can it be? 有人在外面，可能是谁呢？ 【知识拓展】 1. can的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, ...can；否定回答用No, ...can’t。 —Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗? —Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/No, I can’t 不，我不会。 2. can，could和be able to的区别：can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to可以用于各种时态；can( could)表示能力时，可用be able to代替。 I can(am able to) afford the car. 我能买得起这辆小汽车。 She has been able to come to school. 她已经能去学校了 I could(=was able to) drive a car before I left school. 毕业前我就会开车。 should shall的过去式，用于第一、三人称，多用于间接引语中，以征求对方意见 I asked the manager if I should have a few days off. 我问经理我是否可以请几天假。 表示义务，职责时，意为＂应当，应该＂，往往表示说话者的观点 3. 情态动词表推测用法对比 情态动词 推测语气 适用场景 真题例句 must 强肯定，90%以上概率 有明确依据的肯定推测 【2025年河南中考】He has a headache and coughs a lot. He must have the flu. may/might 弱肯定，50%左右概率 无明确依据的可能性推测，might语气比may更弱 【2025年江苏苏州中考模拟】She may feel better after taking the medicine. can't 强否定，0%概率 有明确依据的否定推测 【2025年浙江杭州中考】He eats a lot and exercises every day. He can't be overweight. 【即学即练】 1、 单项选择。 1．You ________ eat too much junk food, or you might feel sick or unhealthy. A．shouldn’t B．must C．needn’t D．can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品，否则你可能会感到不适或不健康。    考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；must必须；needn’t不必；can可以/能够。根据“or you might feel sick or unhealthy”可知，句子强调“不应该吃太多”，故选A。 2．—Li Hua, you look so tired. You ________ stop to take a break. —I still have a lot of online courses to finish. A．could B．might C．would D．should 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——李华，你看起来很疲惫。你应该停下来休息一下。——我仍然有许多网络课程要完成。 考查情态动词。could可以；might或许；would会；should应该。根据“Li Hua, you look so tired. You...stop to take a break.”可知，说话人观察到李华疲惫，所以建议他应该停下来休息，“should”作为情态动词，意为“应该”。故选D。 3．Yes, Jasmine. First, you ________ always focus on what the teacher says in class. Take notes when you need to. A．may B．may not C．should D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：是的，贾斯敏。首先，你应该总是专注于老师在课堂上说的话。需要的时候做笔记。 考查情态动词辨析。may可以；may not不可以；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“you...always focus on what the teacher says in class. Take notes when you need to.”可知，应该专注于老师在课堂上说的内容，需要的时候做笔记，所以此处表示建议，应用should。故选C。 4．If you want to get along with your classmates, you ________ shout at them. A．needn’t B．can’t C．may not D．shouldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你想和你的同学相处得好，你不应该对他们大喊大叫。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；can’t不能；may not可能不；shouldn’t不应该。根据“get along with your classmates”的语境，此处强调“不应该做某事”以维持良好关系。故选D。 5．My home is near my school, so I ______ walk to school and back home every day. A．should B．can C．must D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我家离学校很近，所以我可以每天步行上学回家。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；can可以；must必须；need需要。根据“My home is near my school, so I...”可知表示“能力，可以”。故选B。 6．To make our dream come true, we ________ rest on what we have done. A．may not B．should not C．need not D．could not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们不应该停留在我们做过的事情上。 考查情态动词。may not可能不；should not不应该；need not不必；could not不能。根据“rest on what we have done.”可知是不应该停留在已经做过的事情上。故选B。 2、 句型转换。 1. She can't be ill.（改为肯定推测句） She ______ ______ ill. 【答案】 must be 【解析】can't表否定推测，改为肯定推测用must，后接be动词原形be。 2. They are going to eat more vegetables.（对划线部分提问，划线部分：eat more vegetables） What ______ they ______ ______ ______? 【答案】 are; going to do 【解析】对动作提问用what，be going to结构的特殊疑问句，结构为“What + be动词 + 主语 + going to do？”。 3. He will drink more water.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ more water. 【答案】 won't drink 【解析】will的否定式为will not，缩写为won't，后接动词原形drink。 4. She might have a headache.（改为同义句，用may） She ______ ______ a headache. 【答案】 may have 【解析】might与may表可能性推测可互换，后接动词原形have。 5. There is going to be a new hospital.（改为一般疑问句） ______ there ______ ______ be a new hospital? 【答案】 Is; going to 【解析】there be句型be going to结构的一般疑问句，将is提前，后接going to。 二、（反身代词） 1. 反身代词的变化 反身代词形式 单数+self 词义 复数+selves 词义 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself 他自己 themselves 他们/她们/它们 自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 【结构】 第一、二人称：形容词性物主代词+self/selves 第三人称：宾格+self/selves 2. 反身代词的用法 （1）作动词或介词的宾语 My brother can’t dress himself. 我弟弟不能自己穿衣服。(作动词的宾语) The old man lives by himself in the countryside. 这个老人一个人生活在乡下。（作介词的宾语） （2）作主语或宾语的同位语 此时表示强调，反身代词要重读。反身代词强调主语时，位置比较灵活。反身代词强调宾语时，应放在宾语之后。 I myself will present the prizes./I will present the prizes myself. 我本人将颁发奖品。(作主语的同位语) You can go and ask him himself. 你可以去问他本人。(作宾语的同位语) （3）作表语 反身代词放在be、feel、look、seem等系动词之后作表语，可以用来描述身体或精神状态。 I’m not feeling myself today. I think I may have a cold. 今天我感觉不适。我想我可能感冒了。 3. 带有反身代词的常用短语 enjoy oneself过得愉快 help oneself to随便吃…… dress oneself打扮自己 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 learn... by oneself自学…… come to oneself苏醒 by oneself亲自 hurt oneself伤到某人自己；伤害自己 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 1、 单项选择。 1．—These days, more and more people are watching Jiangsu Football City League on the Internet. —That’s true. Watching it is just as enjoyable as playing football ________. A．it B．itself C．them D．themselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——如今，越来越多的人在互联网上观看江苏足球城市联赛。——确实，看比赛和踢足球本身一样令人愉快。 考查反身代词的用法。it它；itself它自己；them他们；themselves他们自己。根据“playing football”可知，此处是指踢足球本身这个行为，用反身代词itself。故选B。 2．—Could you introduce ________ to us all? —Of course. My name is Jack Yang. A．myself B．yourself C．yourselves D．ourselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能向我们大家介绍你自己吗？——当然。我的名字是Jack Yang。 考查反身代词的用法。myself我自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己。根据答语“My name is Jack Yang”可知，对方在介绍自己，因此问句中应使用“yourself”指代“你自己”，与主语“you”对应。故选B。 3．It’s important for us to know how to express ________ politely when asking for directions. A．yourself B．myself C．ourselves D．himself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：对我们来说，知道在问路时如何礼貌地表达自己是很重要的。 考查反身代词的用法。yourself你们自己；myself我自己；ourselves我们自己；himself他自己。主语“us”表示“我们”，因此反身代词需用第一人称复数形式与之对应。故选C。 4．Boys and girls, you should look after ________ when your parents aren’t at home. A．your B．you C．yours D．yourselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：孩子们，当父母不在家时，你们应该照顾好自己。 考查反身代词。your你们的；you你们；yours你们的；yourselves你们自己。根据“you should look after”可知，是指你们应该照顾好自己，用反身代词。故选D。 5．Parents should tell children how to look after ________ and keep safe when they are at home alone. A．themselves B．yourselves C．ourselves D．himself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：父母应该告诉孩子独自在家时如何照顾自己并保持安全。 考查反身代词。themselves他们自己；yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己；himself他自己。主语是“children”，对应的反身代词应为themselves。故选A。 2、 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Is this pen __________ (you)?— No, it’s not __________ (I). It may be Tom’s. 2. __________ (she) mother is a doctor, and __________ works in a big hospital. 3. I am a student, and all the teachers like __________ (I) very much. 4. If you guys don’t believe me, you can go and see for __________ (you). 5. My brother enjoyed __________ (he) at the birthday party last night. 6. The cat washed __________ (it) carefully after catching the mouse. 7. The little girl dressed __________ (she) this morning without her mother’s help. 8. These books are __________ (we). Please pass __________ (they) to us right now. 9. This is not __________ (they) classroom. __________ (they) is on the second floor. 10. We should learn to take care of __________ (we) when our parents are not at home. 【答案及解析】 1. yours; mine（解析：第一空表示 “你的钢笔”，用名词性物主代词 yours；第二空表示 “我的（钢笔）”，用名词性物主代词 mine，避免重复） 2. Her; she（解析：第一空修饰名词 mother，用形容词性物主代词 Her；第二空作主语，用主格 she） 3. me（解析：动词 like 后接宾语，用宾格 me） 4. yourselves（解析：“for oneself” 表示 “亲自”，主语是 you guys（你们），反身代词用 yourselves） 5. himself（解析：“enjoy oneself” 是固定搭配，主语 my brother 是男性单数，反身代词用 himself） 6. itself（解析：主语 the cat 是动物单数，反身代词用 itself） 7. herself（解析：主语 the little girl 是女性单数，反身代词用 herself，“dress oneself” 表示 “自己穿衣服”） 8. ours; them（解析：第一空表示 “我们的（书）”，用名词性物主代词 ours；第二空作 pass 的宾语，用宾格 them） 9. their; Theirs（解析：第一空修饰名词 classroom，用形容词性物主代词 their；第二空表示 “他们的（教室）”，用名词性物主代词 Theirs） 10. ourselves（解析：“take care of oneself” 表示 “照顾自己”，主语是 we，反身代词用 ourselves） 【综合练习】 1、 单项选择。 1．— What will the weather be like this afternoon, Anna? — It ________ be fine. But who knows? It’s always changing quickly. A．must B．may C．should D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——安娜，今天下午天气怎么样？——可能很好。但谁知道呢？它总是变化很快。 考查情态动词。must必须；may可能；should应该；need需要。根据“But who knows? It’s always changing quickly.”可知，前面是表达不确定，用情态动词may表推测。故选B。 2．—I have finished my work. I will be free tomorrow. —You ________ see a film to relax yourself. A．have to B．could C．must D．couldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我完成工作了。明天有空。——你可以去看电影放松下。 考查情态动词。have to不得不；could可以；能够，表建议；must必须 ，语气强硬；couldn’t不能。根据上文“I will be free tomorrow.”可知，这里是说对方有空可以去看电影放松，could符合。故选B。 3．—I can’t lift the luggage. ________ you please give me a hand? —Sure. I’m much stronger than you. A．Need B．Should C．Must D．Could 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我搬不动行李。你能帮我一下吗？——当然。我比你强壮多了。 考查情态动词辨析。Need需要；Should应该；Must必须；Could能，可用于委婉请求。根据“give me a hand”可知，此处是委婉请求对方帮忙。“Could you please ...?”是常用的委婉请求句型。故选D。 4．—Who taught ________ English, kids? —Nobody. We just learnt it ________. A．your; by ourselves B．you; for ourselves C．you; by ourselves D．your; for ourselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁教你们英语，孩子们？——没人教。我们是自学的。 考查代词辨析和介词短语。第一空“taught”是及物动词，后接宾格，“you”是宾格，“your”是形容词性物主代词，所以第一空用“you”；第二空“by oneself”表示“独自；靠自己” ，“for oneself”表示“为自己”，这里说没人教，是自己学的，用“by ourselves”。故选C。 5．You ________ drink warm water and have a good rest if you have a cold, or you’ll feel worse. A．should B．had better not C．mustn’t D．can 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你感冒了，你应该喝温水和好好休息，否则你会感觉更糟。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；had better not最好不要做；mustn’t禁止；can可以。根据“or you’ll feel worse”可知，这里表示你应该喝温水和好好休息，因此应选用表示建议的“should”。故选A。 6．—Miss Fang, how can I speak good English? —I think you ________ practise speaking it every day. A．wouldn’t B．shouldn’t C．should D．would 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——方老师，我怎样才能说好英语？——我认为你应该每天练习说英语。 考查情态动词的用法。wouldn’t不会；shouldn’t不应该；should应该；would会。根据“I think you...practise speaking it every day.”可知，回答是给予建议，应使用肯定的建议“should”，故选C。 7．Mom, I want to borrow Lucy’s storybook. ______ you help me ask her tomorrow? A．Must B．Could C．Should D．Might 【答案】B 【详解】句意：妈妈，我想借露西的故事书。你明天可以帮我问她吗？ 考查情态动词辨析。Must必须；Could可以；Should应该；Might可能。根据“... you help me ask her tomorrow?”可知，此句表示请求帮助，用Could表示礼貌的请求，符合日常交际习惯；“Could you do sth”表示“你可以做某事吗”。故选B。 8．—________ you please play tennis with me after school? —Sorry, I ________. I have much homework ________ today. A． Could; can’t; to do B．Could; couldn’t; will do C．Can; don’t; do D．Can; couldn’t; to do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——放学后你能和我一起打网球吗？——对不起，我不能。我今天有很多作业要做。 考查情态动词和动词不定式。根据“...you please play tennis with me after school?”可知，第一空是委婉请求，用Could；根据“Sorry”可知，第二空是对当前问题的否定回答，要用一般现在时，表示“不能”，用can’t；第三空是不定式作后置定语，修饰名词homework，用to do。故选A。 9．—Wow, Mr Wu can play the piano very well. —Yes. He enjoys teaching ________ to play the piano at the weekend. A．himself B．myself C．ourselves D．herself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——哇，吴老师钢琴弹得真好。——是的。他喜欢在周末自学弹钢琴。 考查反身代词辨析。himself他自己；myself我自己；ourselves我们自己；herself她自己。根据“He”结合上文“吴老师钢琴弹得很好”可知，此处应表示吴老师自学弹钢琴，即“教他自己”，主语He对应的反身代词为himself。故选A。 10．Boys, you should learn to teach ________ to make improvements. A．yourselves B．yourself C．myself D．ourselves 【答案】A 【详解】句意：男孩们，你们应该学会教自己来取得进步。 考查反身代词辨析。yourselves你们自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己；ourselves我们自己。根据主语“Boys”以及“you”可知，此处反身代词需与主语在人称和数上保持一致，因此用复数形式“yourselves”。故选A。 11．Parents should tell children how to look after ________ and keep safe when they are at home alone. A．themselves B．yourselves C．ourselves D．himself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：父母应该告诉孩子们，当他们独自在家时如何照顾自己并保持安全。 考查反身代词。themselves他们自己；yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己；himself他自己。“look after oneself”意为“照顾某人自己”，根据“...and keep safe when they are at home alone.”可知，此处用反身代词themselves，即“孩子们照顾他们自己”，故选A。 12．—What are you doing, Jack? —I didn’t have breakfast. I’m making a sandwich for ________. A．my B．myself C．you D．yourself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在做什么，杰克？——我没吃早餐。我正在给自己做一个三明治。 考查代词辨析。my我的；myself我自己；you你；yourself你自己。根据“I didn’t have breakfast”可知，动作主语是“I”（Jack），宾语与主语一致，表示为自己做三明治，需使用反身代词myself。故选B。 13．A man should be strict with _____, but be friendly to others. A．myself B．yourself C．oneself D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一个人应该对自己严格，但对他人友好。 考查反身代词的用法。myself我自己；yourself你自己；oneself自己；himself他自己。由于主语“a man”为第三人称单数男性，需用相应的反身代词，故选D。 14．—Do you often help Betty with her English? —No. She learns English by ________. A．himself B．her C．herself D．him 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你经常帮助贝蒂学习英语吗？——不，她自学英语。 考查反身代词。himself他自己；her她的；herself她自己；him他。根据“she learns English by...”可知她是自学的，用反身代词herself。故选C。 15．—What did you think of the new lesson yesterday? —The course ________ was meaningful, but I felt ________ because yesterday’s lesson was too long. A．itself; boring B．himself; bored C．itself; bored D．himself; boring 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得昨天的新课怎么样？——课程本身很有意义，但我感到无聊，因为昨天的课太长了。 考查反身代词和形容词辨析。itself它自己；himself他自己；boring无聊的；bored无聊的。根据“The course...was meaningful”可知，第一个空指代“the course”，为物，需用反身代词“itself”；第二个空描述“I”的感受，系动词felt后接“-ed”形容词bored表示“感到无聊”，而boring 16．Mandy, we can’t do everything for you. You have to depend on ________ now. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：曼迪，我们不能为你做所有事。现在你得依靠你自己了。 考查代词辨析。you你/你们；your你的/你们的；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。 “depend on”是动词短语，后接宾语，主语you在此处指代Mandy，对应的反身代词应为yourself。故选C。 17．Tom made a chocolate cake ________ last weekend—he didn’t ask his mom for help at all. A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．herself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆上周末自己做了一个巧克力蛋糕——他根本没有向妈妈求助。 考查反身代词辨析。myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己；herself她自己。根据“he didn’t ask his mom for help at all”可知，汤姆没有向妈妈求助，是自己做的蛋糕，主语是Tom，为男性，所以用himself。故选C。 18．The two-year-old baby boy is able to dress ________ every morning. A．he B．his C．himself D．him 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个两岁的男婴每天早上都能自己穿衣服了。 考查反身代词。he他，主格；his他的；himself他自己；him他，宾格。当动作主语与宾语相同时，应使用反身代词表示“自己完成动作”，本句主语“baby boy”为第三人称单数男性，反身代词形式为“himself”。故选C。 19．I’m not good at maths, but I often say to ________, “Never give up!” A．herself B．myself C．themselves D．himself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我数学不好，但我经常对自己说：“永远别放弃！”。 考查反身代词的用法。herself她自己；myself我自己；themselves他们自己；himself他自己。主语是“I”，因此反身代词应使用“myself”与之对应。故选B。 20．—What do you think of the TV play Sherlock Holmes? —It is good ________ but it’s not good to watch it for too long. A．itself B．yourselves C．themselves D．ourselves 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得电视剧《神探夏洛克》怎么样？——它本身是好的，但看太久不好。 考查反身代词辨析。itself它自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。根据“the TV play Sherlock Holmes”可知，主语it指代单数名词TV play，因此应使用相应的反身代词itself表示“它本身”。故选A。 2、 单词拼写。 1．People sometimes laugh at (they) to show humour and gain attention. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：人们有时会嘲笑自己以表现幽默并获得关注。根据“to show humour and gain attention”以及所给单词可知，应填they的反身代词形式themselves“他们自己”，作宾语，表示嘲笑自己。故填themselves。 2．The cat is washing (it) in the sun. 【答案】itself 【详解】句意：猫正在太阳下给自己洗澡。it“它”，主格/宾格，根据“The cat is washing...in the sun.”可知，wash oneself“给自己洗澡/清洗身体”，此处应为反身代词。故填itself。 3．We’ve grown up, so we have to learn to take care of (our). 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：我们已经长大了，所以我们必须学会照顾我们自己。take care of oneself“照顾某人自己”，our的反身代词为ourselves。故填ourselves。 4．The girl came into the room and said to (she), “Where is my book?” 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：女孩走进房间，自言自语道：“我的书在哪里？”。根据句子可知，动作的发出者the girl和承受者是同一个人，空处应用反身代词，表示“她对自己说”。she的反身代词为herself。故填herself。 5．It’s important for parents to let children think for (they). 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：父母让孩子独立思考是很重要的。此处需要填入“they”的反身代词形式，表示“他们自己”，they的反身代词为themselves“他们自己”，故填themselves。 6．He taught (he) French by reading lots of books. 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：他通过阅读大量书籍自学了法语。he“他”是人称代词主格。teach oneself是固定搭配，意为“自学”，因此填反身代词。故填himself。 7．“You need to make decisions by ,” the teacher said to the students. (you) 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：“你们需要自己做决定。”老师对学生们说道。考查“by oneself ”意为独自地，靠自己；这里的oneself是反身代词，需要和句子的主语在人称和数上保持一致。You“你，你们”，为主格代词，由“the teacher said to the students”可知，此处指学生们自己，yourselves“你们自己”。故填yourselves。 8．The children are flying the kite (放风筝) over there. They seem to enjoy (they). 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：孩子们正在那边放风筝。他们看起来玩得开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，固定短语，根据“They”可知，此处用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 9．With my father’s help, I can ride the bike by . (I) 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：在我爸爸的帮助下，我可以自己骑自行车。根据“by”可知，此处使用反身代词，by oneself“独自”，I的反身代词为myself。故填myself。 10．Be careful not to hurt (you) when you use the knife. 【答案】yourself 【详解】句意：使用刀具时，小心别伤到你自己。根据“Be careful not to hurt”以及“when you use the knife”可知，此处需要填入反身代词指代主语本身，yourself符合语境，强调“伤到自己”这一语义。故填yourself。 11．We enjoyed at the party last night. (we) 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：昨晚我们在派对上玩得很开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，是固定搭配，用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 12．The little girl can dress (she) now. 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：这个小女孩现在能自己穿衣服了。dress oneself意为“自己穿衣服”，本句主语为The little girl，单数可数名词，所以需用对应的反身代词herself。故填herself。 13．“Just one more month!” she said to (she). 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：“再过一个月！”她自言自语道。say to oneself“自言自语”，固定搭配，此处应用反身代词herself。故填herself。 14．After school yesterday, John learned to play the guitar by (he). 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：昨天放学后，约翰自学了弹吉他。根据“by”可知，此处应填代词，作by的宾语，by oneself意为“亲自”做某事，he的反身代词为himself，故填himself。 15．Help to some cakes, boys and girls. (you) 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：孩子们，随便吃些蛋糕吧。you你/你们，主格/宾格，根据“Help...to some cakes, boys and girls.”可知，help oneself to sth.“随便吃/用某物”，结合“boys and girls”可知，此处应用反身代词复数形式yourselves。故填yourselves。 3、 完成句子。 1. You should drink lots of hot water.（改为否定句） You ______ ______ lots of hot water. 【答案】shouldn’t drink 【解析】情态动词should的否定形式是直接加not，后接动词原形。 2. He has a sore throat.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ with him? 【答案】What’s the matter 【解析】对身体不适的症状提问，用固定句型What’s the matter with sb.? 3. She should see a doctor.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ a doctor? 【答案】Should; see 【解析】 含情态动词should的句子变一般疑问句，将should提至句首，动词原形保持不变。 4. The girl is so young that she can’t take care of herself.（改为同义句） The girl isn’t ______ ______ to take care of herself. 【答案】old enough 【解析】so...that...（否定句）可转换为not + 形容词 + enough to do sth. 结构。 5. You’d better eat more fruit.（改为否定句） You’d better ______ ______ more fruit. 【答案】not eat 【解析】You’d better的否定形式是You’d better not + 动词原形。 6．你应该和我待在一起。 You me. 【答案】 should stay with 【详解】根据句意可知，句中含有情态动词“应该”should，“和……待在一起”stay with，情态动词后跟动词原形。故填should；stay；with。 7．马丽生病了，她应该量体温。 Mary is ill. She . 【答案】 should take her temperature 8．你应该避免吃太多凉的食物。 You too much cold food in the future. 【答案】 should avoid eating 9．Should I lie down and rest?（作肯定回答） Yes, . 【答案】 you should 【详解】句意：我应该躺下休息吗？根据题意是作肯定回答，用yes来回答，一般疑问句主语是I，做简略回答用you，含有情态动词should，肯定回答是Yes, you should“是的，你应该”。故填you；should。 10．我曾是一名成功的艺术家，但仍需找到自我。 I was a successful artist, but I still needed to . 【答案】 find myself 【详解】对照中英文可知，缺“找到自我”，对应英文为find myself，根据need to do sth.是固定短语，find应用动词原形。故填find；myself。 11．她心里想：“我必须在午夜前完成这份报告。” She , “I must finish this report before midnight.” 【答案】 said to herself 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表示“她心里想”，也就是她对自己说，用短语“say to oneself”，句子时态是一般过去时，所以“say”要用过去式“said”，主语是“she”，对应的反身代词是“herself”。故填said；to；herself。 12．我们应该照顾好我们自己。 We well. 【答案】 should take care of ourselves 13．我们每个学生都要注意运动时保护好自己。 We students should when doing sport. 【答案】pay attention to protecting ourselves 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，缺少“注意保护好自己”，“注意做某事”pay attention to doing sth，“保护好自己”protect ourselves；情态动词should后接动词原形，protect的动名词形式是protecting。故填pay attention to protecting ourselves。 14．这次他第一次自己旅行。 This is his travelling . 【答案】 first time ; by himself 15．她在歌唱比赛中尽力了，没有让自己失望。 She tried her best in the singing competition and didn’t . 【答案】 let herself down 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“让自己失望”。let sb. down“让某人失望”，固定短语，此处“某人”指主语她自己，应用反身代词“herself”，助动词“didn’t”后接动词原形。故填let；herself；down。 16．这些外国人在九寨沟玩得很开心。 The foreigners in Jiuzhaigou. 【答案】enjoyed themselves 17．守门员飞身扑倒在地，完成了一次不可思议的扑救。 The goalkeeper and made an incredible save. 【答案】 threw himself to the ground  18．Judy打羽毛球时伤到了自己。 Judy badminton. 【答案】 hurt herself while (she was) playing 4、 选词填空。 health    save  take   since   condition    quick    over   when    arrive    awful    he  perhaps One day, Mary had a toothache on the right side of her mouth. As time went by, the pain got worse and she had to 1 some medicine to help her feel better. This went on for several days and the pain still didn’t go away. Mary felt very 2 and couldn’t go to school. So her mother took her to the dentist’s (牙医诊所) 3 . They 4 at the dentist’s on time. She hadn’t had a tooth check-up for over three years. She was very nervous 5 she went to the dentist’s. That was why she didn’t like going to the dentist and had this problem! The dentist checked Mary’s teeth and found that she had a bad cavity (龋洞). The dentist tried to 6 the tooth, but sadly, he had to pull (拔出) it out because the cavity was so big. The dentist told Mary about the 7 and got ready to pull the tooth out. After that, the dentist told her that she must visit 8 every six months. He also told her to brush her teeth every day. 9 then, Mary has always looked after her teeth and she also visits the dentist often. She knows how important it is to protect the 10 of her teeth. She has really learned her lesson. 【答案】 1．take 2．awful 3．quickly 4．arrived 5．when 6．save 7．condition 8．him 9．Since 10．health 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了玛丽因为牙痛去看牙医的经历，以及她从中吸取的教训。 1．句意：随着时间的推移，疼痛加剧，她不得不服用一些药物来让自己感觉好一些。根据“had to”和“some medicine”可知，此处填动词原形，指“服用药物”，take medicine是固定搭配。故填take。 2．句意：玛丽感到非常难受，无法去上学。根据“couldn’t go to school”可知，牙痛让她感觉“糟糕”，awful“糟糕的”符合语境。故填awful。 3．句意：于是她的母亲迅速带她去了牙医诊所。根据“took her to the dentist’s”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词，quick的副词形式是quickly“迅速地”符合句意。故填quickly。 4．句意：他们准时到达了牙医诊所。根据“at the dentist’s on time”可知，此处指“到达”，arrive at是固定搭配。时态为一般过去时，填动词过去式，故填arrived。 5．句意：当她去看牙医时，她非常紧张。根据“she went to the dentist’s”可知，此处需用时间状语从句引导词when表示“当她去看牙医时候”。故填when。 6．句意：牙医试图挽救这颗牙齿，但遗憾的是不得不拔掉它，因为空腔太大了。根据“The dentist tried to ... the tooth, but sadly, he had to pull (拔出) it out”可知，牙医原本想“挽救”牙齿，save“挽救”符合语境。故填save。 7．句意：牙医向玛丽说明了情况，并准备拔牙。根据“The dentist told Mary about the”可知，此处填名词，condition“状况”符合语境。故填condition。 8．句意：然后，牙医告诉她必须每六个月去看他一次。 根据“visit”和“every six months”可知，此处指“看牙医”，用代词him指代前文的dentist。故填him。 9．句意：自那以后，玛丽一直注意护理牙齿并经常看牙医。 根据“then”可知，考查since then“自那以后”，句首首字母大写。故填Since。 10．句意：她知道保护牙齿健康的重要性。 根据“protect the ... of her teeth”可知，此处填名词，health“健康”符合语境。故填health。 五、完形填空。 A James lived in the city with his friend Allen. It was their first time living away from their families, and they enjoyed learning how to do many things __1__. One Saturday, James decided to make fried chicken. First, he poured oil into a pan. Then he __2__ the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. Just then, he heard the front door open, followed by the sound of Allen singing. “Guess what,” Allen called out __3__. “We won!” “No way!” James followed him into the living room. He wanted to hear all about the football game! Suddenly, Allen stopped talking and looked up. “Hey, do you smell something __4__?” “Oh no!” They both rushed back into the kitchen. The pan was on fire! Large __5__ were jumping into the air. In a __6__, James turned off the stove at once. But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. James cried out and __7__ himself to the floor. He put out the fire by __8__ on the ground, but the pan was still burning! “Get water, quick!” he shouted. Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. Thanks to the first __9__ and safety classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much __10__! Instead, he ran to the living room to get the fire __11__. In __12__, the fire in the burning pan was put out. “Are you OK?” Allen asked his friend. “I think so,” James said. It was lucky that his shirt wasn’t too __13__! His arm was red, but it didn’t hurt very much. “Maybe we should eat out tonight,” James said as he __14__ cool water over his arm. “Sure, we could do that. What do you want?” “Anything __15__ fried chicken,” he said sadly. 1. A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourselves D. himself 2. A. turned off B. turned on C. turned down D. turned up 3. A. sadly B. angrily C. happily D. quietly 4. A. burning B. cooking C. eating D. drinking 5. A. smoke B. flames C. water D. oil 6. A. calm B. panic C. hurry D. smile 7. A. threw B. sat C. lay D. put 8. A. running B. rolling C. jumping D. standing 9. A. aid B. food C. music D. art 10. A. better B. stronger C. longer D. worse 11. A. blanket B. extinguisher C. hose D. bucket 12. A. minutes B. hours C. seconds D. days 13. A. thick B. thin C. long D. short 14. A. ran B. poured C. drank D. held 15. A. including B. besides C. except D. with 1. A（解析：主语是 “they”，反身代词用 “themselves”，表示 “他们自己”，符合 “第一次远离家人，自己学着做很多事” 的语境） 2. B（解析：结合后文 “让油加热”，可知是 “打开” 炉子，“turned on” 表示打开电器 / 设备；“turned off” 关闭，“turned down” 调小，“turned up” 调大，均不符合语境） 3. C（解析：由 “We won!” 可知 Allen 心情愉快，“happily”（开心地）符合语境；“sadly” 伤心地，“angrily” 生气地，“quietly” 安静地，均与获胜的情绪不符） 4. A（解析：后文提到 “锅着火了”，所以闻到的是 “燃烧的味道”，“burning”（燃烧的）符合；“cooking” 烹饪的，“eating” 吃的，“drinking” 喝的，均不贴合火灾场景） 5. B（解析：“锅着火了”，应该是 “火焰” 跳到空中，“flames”（火焰）；“smoke” 烟，“water” 水，“oil” 油，均不符合 “jumping into the air” 的描述） 6. C（解析：“in a hurry” 是固定搭配，意为 “匆忙地”，符合火灾突发时紧急关火的场景；“calm” 冷静的，“panic” 恐慌（名词），“smile” 微笑，均不搭配） 7. A（解析：火焰溅到衬衫上，James 应该是 “猛地扑倒” 在地上，“threw himself to the floor” 表示突然扑倒，符合紧急避险的动作；“sat” 坐，“lay” 躺，“put” 放，均不够贴合突发情况） 8. B（解析：身上着火时，“滚动” 可以灭火，“rolling on the ground”（在地上打滚）是正确的自救方式；“running” 跑，“jumping” 跳，“standing” 站着，都会让火势蔓延） 9. A（解析：“first aid” 是固定短语 “急救”，结合 “safety classes”（安全课），可知是学过急救知识；“food” 食物，“music” 音乐，“art” 艺术，均与灭火场景无关） 10. D（解析：常识可知，水浇在油火上会让火势更严重，“worse”（更糟的）符合；“better” 更好，“stronger” 更强，“longer” 更长，均不符合实际） 11. B（解析：“fire extinguisher” 是 “灭火器”，是灭火的专用工具；“blanket” 毯子，“hose” 水管，“bucket” 水桶，结合前文知道不能用水，且灭火器是安全课常见工具，更贴合语境） 12. C（解析：灭火器灭火速度快，“in seconds”（几秒钟内）符合；“minutes” 分钟，“hours” 小时，“days” 天，均不符合实际灭火效率） 13. A（解析：衬衫 “不厚” 才没让火势蔓延太快，“thick”（厚的），否定式 “wasn't too thick” 表示 “不太厚”，符合 “幸运” 的语境；“thin” 薄的，“long” 长的，“short” 短的，均不影响火势） 14. B（解析：“pour cool water over” 是固定搭配 “往…… 上泼凉水”，用于处理烫伤；“ran” 跑，“drank” 喝，“held” 拿，均不符合处理伤口的动作） 15. C（解析：James 做饭着火，所以不想吃 “除了炸鸡之外” 的任何食物，“except”（除…… 之外，不包含）；“including” 包含，“besides” 除…… 之外（还包含），“with” 和，均不符合语境） 六、阅读理解。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. A Helen went to see a doctor because she was feeling unwell. When she entered the doctor’s room, the doctor asked her to take a seat and asked how she was feeling. Helen replied that she was not good, as she had a runny nose and a fever. The doctor then took her temperature and found that it was quite high. Helen told the doctor that her illness started the day before. She felt very cold and lacked energy. When she tried to get out of bed, she almost fell and hurt herself, and her throat hurt too. After checking her throat, the doctor said the back of her throat looked very red. He mentioned that they would need to do a test, but he believed Helen had the flu since it was flu season. Helen asked the doctor what she should do. The doctor advised her to take some medicine and drink enough water. Then Helen wondered if she could go to school the next day, but the doctor said no and told her to rest at home. The doctor also reminded her to wear a mask when going out, explaining that it could stop the flu virus from being easily passed to others. Helen promised she would follow the advice. Finally, the doctor told Helen to remember that her health was in her hands. He said if she took good care of herself, she would get better soon. 1. What’s the matter with Helen? A. She has a cold and a stomachache B. She has the flu with a runny nose and fever C. She fell off the bed and hurt herself badly D. She has a sore throat but no fever 2. When did Helen’s illness start? A. Today B. Yesterday C. Two days ago D. A week ago 3. What did the doctor NOT advise Helen to do? A. Take some medicine B. Drink plenty of water C. Go to school tomorrow D. Wear a mask when going out 4. Why did the doctor tell Helen to wear a mask? A. To keep herself warm when she goes out B. To avoid passing the flu virus to others C. Because it’s a new rule in the city D. To make herself look better 5. What does the doctor mean by “Your health is in your hands”? A. Helen should hold her hands to keep healthy B. Helen’s health depends on her own care C. The doctor can’t help Helen with her illness D. Helen needs to wash her hands often 1. B（解析：根据短文第二段 “Helen had the flu since it was flu season” 和第一段 “she had a runny nose and a fever”，可知海伦患流感，有流鼻涕和发烧症状，对应选项 B） 2. B（解析：短文第二段明确提到 “Helen told the doctor that her illness started the day before”，“the day before” 对应 “yesterday”，故选 B） 3. C（解析：医生建议海伦 “take some medicine”“drink enough water”“wear a mask when going out”，且明确说 “no” 让她第二天上学，因此 “Go to school tomorrow” 是医生不建议的，选 C） 4. B（解析：医生解释戴口罩的原因是 “it could stop the flu virus from being easily passed to others”，即避免将流感病毒传给他人，对应选项 B） 5. B（解析：结合后文 “if she took good care of herself, she would get better soon”，可知医生的意思是健康取决于自身的照顾，“in one’s hands” 此处表示 “由某人掌控”，故选 B） B John is a ten-year-old boy. He enjoys having ice cream and cold drinks in the hot summer. One day, he ate too much ice-cream, and then he had a serious stomachache and began to have diarrhea (腹泻). When he went to the hospital, the doctor gave him a kind of medicine, and advised him not to have cold drinks and food. He must drink lots of warm water and he can’t eat spicy (辛辣的) food. Here are the instructions (说明) of the medicine: The Instructions for Taking the Medicine How to use: Pour 1 sachet (密封小袋) into of warm water, mix well and take it quickly. Dosage (剂量): 1. Children: Under 1 year old: Take 1 sachet a day; 1 to 2 years old: sachets a day; Over the age of 2: sachets a day. 2. Adults: 3 times a day, 1 sachet each time. Notes: 1. The effect of the medicine usually lasts for six hours. 2. If you need to take other kinds of medicines, please take them one hour before this product. 3. Please put this product in a dry place and protect it from light. 4. Please keep this product out of the reach of children. Production date: October 2, 2025. Shelf Life: 36 months. 1．What was the matter with John? A． B． C． D． 2．How long does the effect of the medicine usually last? A．For 3 hours. B．For 6 hours. C．For 9 hours. D．For 12 hours. 3．What advice did the doctor give John? ① Don’t eat spicy food. ② Take more exercise. ③ Drink much warm water. ④ Don’t have cold drinks and food. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 4．When will the medicine be expired (过期)? A．On October 2, 2026. B．On October 2, 2027. C．On October 1, 2027 D．On October 2, 2028. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了约翰由于乱吃东西胃疼腹泻，医生为他开了药，并详细介绍了服药说明。 1．细节理解题。根据“One day, he ate too much ice-cream, and then he had a serious stomachache and began to have diarrhea (腹泻).”可知，他肚子疼并腹泻。故选C。 2．细节理解题。在药品说明的“Notes”部分第一点明确写着“The effect of the medicine usually lasts for six hours.”，这种药的药效通常持续六小时。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“When he went to the hospital, the doctor gave him a kind of medicine, and advised him not to have cold drinks and food. He must drink lots of warm water and he can’t eat spicy (辛辣的) food.”可知，医生建议他不要吃冷饮和食物、多喝水以及不要吃辣的食物。①③④符合题意。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Production date: October 2, 2025.”、“Shelf Life: 36 months.”可知，生产日期为2025年10月2日，保质期36个月，所以这药2028年10月2日过期。故选D。 14 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2单元语法精讲精练 一、情态动词should和could的用法） 1. should的用法 这是最常用的提建议方式，表示根据常理、责任或情况，做某事是正确、明智或最好的选择。它带有一定的“劝告”意味。 should作情态动词,有实际的词义,但它不可单独作谓语,须与动词原形连用,没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式是should not,可缩写为shouldn’t；变为一般疑问句时,should提到主语之前。它的用法如下： （1）表示提出或征询建议，意为“应该”。 I think you should save some money for your father’s birthday. 我认为你应该为你父亲的生日攒些钱。 （2）表示责任或义务，意为“应该，应当”。 We should follow the rules in public. 在公共场合我们应该遵守规则。 （3）表示推测，意为“照理说，应该”，语气弱于must“一定”(表示推测)。 Don’t worry. Kate should arrive soon. 别担心。凯特应该很快就到了。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+ should +动词原形+其他 We should help the people in trouble. 否定句 主语+ shouldn’t +动词原形+其他 They shouldn’t eat too much. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ should +主语+动词原形+其他？ Where should we meet? 一般疑问句 Should +主语+动词原形+其他？ —It’s too cold. Should I close the window? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ should. —Yes, you should. 否定回答 No, 主语+shouldn’t. —No, you shouldn’t. 2. could的用法 情态动词could本身不能作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。当你想非常礼貌、不显强硬地提出一个建议或可能性时，就用 could。它意味着“或许可以尝试……”，给对方充分的选择自由，没有强加的感觉。 核心用法与例句： （1）could用于提出建议，比can语气更为委婉。 You could ask your doctor for a check-up. 你可以请医生做个检查。 （2）句型“Could you (please)...?”常用于委婉地请求某人做某事，其后通常接动词原形，此时其肯定回答和否定回答都不用could。 肯定回答：Yes, I can./Sure./Of course./No problem./...  否定回答：Sorry, I’m afraid not./I’m sorry, I can’t. /I’m sorry, but.../Of course not. —Could you lend your computer to me? 你可以把你的电脑借给我吗? —Certainly. 当然可以。/Sorry, I’m afraid not. 对不起，恐怕不行。 （3）句型“Could I do...?”常用于委婉地请求许可，答语中用can，而不用could。 肯定回答：Yes, you can./Certainly./Sure. 否定回答：No, you can’t./Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t. —Could I have a look at your new watch? 我能看看你的新手表吗？ —Sure. 当然可以。/No, you can’t. 不，不行。 can/could 表示能力，意为＂能，会＂ I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这句话。 表示许可时，意为＂可以，能够＂，相当于may She said that I could use her computer. 她说我可以使用她的电脑。 用于推测，表示可能性，意为＂可能＂，could比can更加不肯定，多用于否定或疑问句 The man can’t be our teacher — he has gone to Beijing. 那个男人不可能是我们的老师，他去北京了。 There is someone outside — who can it be? 有人在外面，可能是谁呢？ 【知识拓展】 1. can的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, ...can；否定回答用No, ...can’t。 —Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗? —Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/No, I can’t 不，我不会。 2. can，could和be able to的区别：can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to可以用于各种时态；can( could)表示能力时，可用be able to代替。 I can(am able to) afford the car. 我能买得起这辆小汽车。 She has been able to come to school. 她已经能去学校了 I could(=was able to) drive a car before I left school. 毕业前我就会开车。 should shall的过去式，用于第一、三人称，多用于间接引语中，以征求对方意见 I asked the manager if I should have a few days off. 我问经理我是否可以请几天假。 表示义务，职责时，意为＂应当，应该＂，往往表示说话者的观点 3. 情态动词表推测用法对比 情态动词 推测语气 适用场景 真题例句 must 强肯定，90%以上概率 有明确依据的肯定推测 【2025年河南中考】He has a headache and coughs a lot. He must have the flu. may/might 弱肯定，50%左右概率 无明确依据的可能性推测，might语气比may更弱 【2025年江苏苏州中考模拟】She may feel better after taking the medicine. can't 强否定，0%概率 有明确依据的否定推测 【2025年浙江杭州中考】He eats a lot and exercises every day. He can't be overweight. 【即学即练】 1、 单项选择。 1．You ________ eat too much junk food, or you might feel sick or unhealthy. A．shouldn’t B．must C．needn’t D．can 2．—Li Hua, you look so tired. You ________ stop to take a break. —I still have a lot of online courses to finish. A．could B．might C．would D．should 3．Yes, Jasmine. First, you ________ always focus on what the teacher says in class. Take notes when you need to. A．may B．may not C．should D．shouldn’t 4．If you want to get along with your classmates, you ________ shout at them. A．needn’t B．can’t C．may not D．shouldn’t 5．My home is near my school, so I ______ walk to school and back home every day. A．should B．can C．must D．need 6．To make our dream come true, we ________ rest on what we have done. A．may not B．should not C．need not D．could not 2、 句型转换。 1. She can't be ill.（改为肯定推测句） She ______ ______ ill. 2. They are going to eat more vegetables.（对划线部分提问，划线部分：eat more vegetables） What ______ they ______ ______ ______? 3. He will drink more water.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ more water. 4. She might have a headache.（改为同义句，用may） She ______ ______ a headache. 5. There is going to be a new hospital.（改为一般疑问句） ______ there ______ ______ be a new hospital? 二、（反身代词） 1. 反身代词的变化 反身代词形式 单数+self 词义 复数+selves 词义 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself 他自己 themselves 他们/她们/它们 自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 【结构】 第一、二人称：形容词性物主代词+self/selves 第三人称：宾格+self/selves 2. 反身代词的用法 （1）作动词或介词的宾语 My brother can’t dress himself. 我弟弟不能自己穿衣服。(作动词的宾语) The old man lives by himself in the countryside. 这个老人一个人生活在乡下。（作介词的宾语） （2）作主语或宾语的同位语 此时表示强调，反身代词要重读。反身代词强调主语时，位置比较灵活。反身代词强调宾语时，应放在宾语之后。 I myself will present the prizes./I will present the prizes myself. 我本人将颁发奖品。(作主语的同位语) You can go and ask him himself. 你可以去问他本人。(作宾语的同位语) （3）作表语 反身代词放在be、feel、look、seem等系动词之后作表语，可以用来描述身体或精神状态。 I’m not feeling myself today. I think I may have a cold. 今天我感觉不适。我想我可能感冒了。 3. 带有反身代词的常用短语 enjoy oneself过得愉快 help oneself to随便吃…… dress oneself打扮自己 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 learn... by oneself自学…… come to oneself苏醒 by oneself亲自 hurt oneself伤到某人自己；伤害自己 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 1、 单项选择。 1．—These days, more and more people are watching Jiangsu Football City League on the Internet. —That’s true. Watching it is just as enjoyable as playing football ________. A．it B．itself C．them D．themselves 2．—Could you introduce ________ to us all? —Of course. My name is Jack Yang. A．myself B．yourself C．yourselves D．ourselves 3．It’s important for us to know how to express ________ politely when asking for directions. A．yourself B．myself C．ourselves D．himself 4．Boys and girls, you should look after ________ when your parents aren’t at home. A．your B．you C．yours D．yourselves 5．Parents should tell children how to look after ________ and keep safe when they are at home alone. A．themselves B．yourselves C．ourselves D．himself 2、 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Is this pen __________ (you)?— No, it’s not __________ (I). It may be Tom’s. 2. __________ (she) mother is a doctor, and __________ works in a big hospital. 3. I am a student, and all the teachers like __________ (I) very much. 4. If you guys don’t believe me, you can go and see for __________ (you). 5. My brother enjoyed __________ (he) at the birthday party last night. 6. The cat washed __________ (it) carefully after catching the mouse. 7. The little girl dressed __________ (she) this morning without her mother’s help. 8. These books are __________ (we). Please pass __________ (they) to us right now. 9. This is not __________ (they) classroom. __________ (they) is on the second floor. 10. We should learn to take care of __________ (we) when our parents are not at home. 【综合练习】 1、 单项选择。 1．— What will the weather be like this afternoon, Anna? — It ________ be fine. But who knows? It’s always changing quickly. A．must B．may C．should D．need 2．—I have finished my work. I will be free tomorrow. —You ________ see a film to relax yourself. A．have to B．could C．must D．couldn’t 3．—I can’t lift the luggage. ________ you please give me a hand? —Sure. I’m much stronger than you. A．Need B．Should C．Must D．Could 4．—Who taught ________ English, kids? —Nobody. We just learnt it ________. A．your; by ourselves B．you; for ourselves C．you; by ourselves D．your; for ourselves 5．You ________ drink warm water and have a good rest if you have a cold, or you’ll feel worse. A．should B．had better not C．mustn’t D．can 6．—Miss Fang, how can I speak good English? —I think you ________ practise speaking it every day. A．wouldn’t B．shouldn’t C．should D．would 7．Mom, I want to borrow Lucy’s storybook. ______ you help me ask her tomorrow? A．Must B．Could C．Should D．Might 8．—________ you please play tennis with me after school? —Sorry, I ________. I have much homework ________ today. A． Could; can’t; to do B．Could; couldn’t; will do C．Can; don’t; do D．Can; couldn’t; to do 9．—Wow, Mr Wu can play the piano very well. —Yes. He enjoys teaching ________ to play the piano at the weekend. A．himself B．myself C．ourselves D．herself 10．Boys, you should learn to teach ________ to make improvements. A．yourselves B．yourself C．myself D．ourselves 11．Parents should tell children how to look after ________ and keep safe when they are at home alone. A．themselves B．yourselves C．ourselves D．himself 12．—What are you doing, Jack? —I didn’t have breakfast. I’m making a sandwich for ________. A．my B．myself C．you D．yourself 13．A man should be strict with _____, but be friendly to others. A．myself B．yourself C．oneself D．himself 14．—Do you often help Betty with her English? —No. She learns English by ________. A．himself B．her C．herself D．him 15．—What did you think of the new lesson yesterday? —The course ________ was meaningful, but I felt ________ because yesterday’s lesson was too long. A．itself; boring B．himself; bored C．itself; bored D．himself; boring 16．Mandy, we can’t do everything for you. You have to depend on ________ now. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 17．Tom made a chocolate cake ________ last weekend—he didn’t ask his mom for help at all. A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．herself 18．The two-year-old baby boy is able to dress ________ every morning. A．he B．his C．himself D．him 19．I’m not good at maths, but I often say to ________, “Never give up!” A．herself B．myself C．themselves D．himself 20．—What do you think of the TV play Sherlock Holmes? —It is good ________ but it’s not good to watch it for too long. A．itself B．yourselves C．themselves D．ourselves 2、 单词拼写。 1．People sometimes laugh at (they) to show humour and gain attention. 2．The cat is washing (it) in the sun. 3．We’ve grown up, so we have to learn to take care of (our). 4．The girl came into the room and said to (she), “Where is my book?” 5．It’s important for parents to let children think for (they). 6．He taught (he) French by reading lots of books. 7．“You need to make decisions by ,” the teacher said to the students. (you) 8．The children are flying the kite (放风筝) over there. They seem to enjoy (they). 9．With my father’s help, I can ride the bike by . (I) 10．Be careful not to hurt (you) when you use the knife. 11．We enjoyed at the party last night. (we) 12．The little girl can dress (she) now. 13．“Just one more month!” she said to (she). 14．After school yesterday, John learned to play the guitar by (he). 15．Help to some cakes, boys and girls. (you) 3、 完成句子。 1. You should drink lots of hot water.（改为否定句） You ______ ______ lots of hot water. 2. He has a sore throat.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ with him? 3. She should see a doctor.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ a doctor? 4. The girl is so young that she can’t take care of herself.（改为同义句） The girl isn’t ______ ______ to take care of herself. 5. You’d better eat more fruit.（改为否定句） You’d better ______ ______ more fruit. 6．你应该和我待在一起。 You me. 7．马丽生病了，她应该量体温。 Mary is ill. She . 8．你应该避免吃太多凉的食物。 You too much cold food in the future. 9．Should I lie down and rest?（作肯定回答） Yes, . 10．我曾是一名成功的艺术家，但仍需找到自我。 I was a successful artist, but I still needed to . 11．她心里想：“我必须在午夜前完成这份报告。” She , “I must finish this report before midnight.” 12．我们应该照顾好我们自己。 We well. 13．我们每个学生都要注意运动时保护好自己。 We students should when doing sport. 14．这次他第一次自己旅行。 This is his travelling . 15．她在歌唱比赛中尽力了，没有让自己失望。 She tried her best in the singing competition and didn’t . 16．这些外国人在九寨沟玩得很开心。 The foreigners in Jiuzhaigou. 17．守门员飞身扑倒在地，完成了一次不可思议的扑救。 The goalkeeper and made an incredible save. 18．Judy打羽毛球时伤到了自己。 Judy badminton. 4、 选词填空。 health    save  take   since   condition    quick    over   when    arrive    awful    he  perhaps One day, Mary had a toothache on the right side of her mouth. As time went by, the pain got worse and she had to 1 some medicine to help her feel better. This went on for several days and the pain still didn’t go away. Mary felt very 2 and couldn’t go to school. So her mother took her to the dentist’s (牙医诊所) 3 . They 4 at the dentist’s on time. She hadn’t had a tooth check-up for over three years. She was very nervous 5 she went to the dentist’s. That was why she didn’t like going to the dentist and had this problem! The dentist checked Mary’s teeth and found that she had a bad cavity (龋洞). The dentist tried to 6 the tooth, but sadly, he had to pull (拔出) it out because the cavity was so big. The dentist told Mary about the 7 and got ready to pull the tooth out. After that, the dentist told her that she must visit 8 every six months. He also told her to brush her teeth every day. 9 then, Mary has always looked after her teeth and she also visits the dentist often. She knows how important it is to protect the 10 of her teeth. She has really learned her lesson. 五、完形填空。 A James lived in the city with his friend Allen. It was their first time living away from their families, and they enjoyed learning how to do many things __1__. One Saturday, James decided to make fried chicken. First, he poured oil into a pan. Then he __2__ the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. Just then, he heard the front door open, followed by the sound of Allen singing. “Guess what,” Allen called out __3__. “We won!” “No way!” James followed him into the living room. He wanted to hear all about the football game! Suddenly, Allen stopped talking and looked up. “Hey, do you smell something __4__?” “Oh no!” They both rushed back into the kitchen. The pan was on fire! Large __5__ were jumping into the air. In a __6__, James turned off the stove at once. But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. James cried out and __7__ himself to the floor. He put out the fire by __8__ on the ground, but the pan was still burning! “Get water, quick!” he shouted. Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. Thanks to the first __9__ and safety classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much __10__! Instead, he ran to the living room to get the fire __11__. In __12__, the fire in the burning pan was put out. “Are you OK?” Allen asked his friend. “I think so,” James said. It was lucky that his shirt wasn’t too __13__! His arm was red, but it didn’t hurt very much. “Maybe we should eat out tonight,” James said as he __14__ cool water over his arm. “Sure, we could do that. What do you want?” “Anything __15__ fried chicken,” he said sadly. 1. A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourselves D. himself 2. A. turned off B. turned on C. turned down D. turned up 3. A. sadly B. angrily C. happily D. quietly 4. A. burning B. cooking C. eating D. drinking 5. A. smoke B. flames C. water D. oil 6. A. calm B. panic C. hurry D. smile 7. A. threw B. sat C. lay D. put 8. A. running B. rolling C. jumping D. standing 9. A. aid B. food C. music D. art 10. A. better B. stronger C. longer D. worse 11. A. blanket B. extinguisher C. hose D. bucket 12. A. minutes B. hours C. seconds D. days 13. A. thick B. thin C. long D. short 14. A. ran B. poured C. drank D. held 15. A. including B. besides C. except D. with 六、阅读理解。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. A Helen went to see a doctor because she was feeling unwell. When she entered the doctor’s room, the doctor asked her to take a seat and asked how she was feeling. Helen replied that she was not good, as she had a runny nose and a fever. The doctor then took her temperature and found that it was quite high. Helen told the doctor that her illness started the day before. She felt very cold and lacked energy. When she tried to get out of bed, she almost fell and hurt herself, and her throat hurt too. After checking her throat, the doctor said the back of her throat looked very red. He mentioned that they would need to do a test, but he believed Helen had the flu since it was flu season. Helen asked the doctor what she should do. The doctor advised her to take some medicine and drink enough water. Then Helen wondered if she could go to school the next day, but the doctor said no and told her to rest at home. The doctor also reminded her to wear a mask when going out, explaining that it could stop the flu virus from being easily passed to others. Helen promised she would follow the advice. Finally, the doctor told Helen to remember that her health was in her hands. He said if she took good care of herself, she would get better soon. 1. What’s the matter with Helen? A. She has a cold and a stomachache B. She has the flu with a runny nose and fever C. She fell off the bed and hurt herself badly D. She has a sore throat but no fever 2. When did Helen’s illness start? A. Today B. Yesterday C. Two days ago D. A week ago 3. What did the doctor NOT advise Helen to do? A. Take some medicine B. Drink plenty of water C. Go to school tomorrow D. Wear a mask when going out 4. Why did the doctor tell Helen to wear a mask? A. To keep herself warm when she goes out B. To avoid passing the flu virus to others C. Because it’s a new rule in the city D. To make herself look better 5. What does the doctor mean by “Your health is in your hands”? A. Helen should hold her hands to keep healthy B. Helen’s health depends on her own care C. The doctor can’t help Helen with her illness D. Helen needs to wash her hands often B John is a ten-year-old boy. He enjoys having ice cream and cold drinks in the hot summer. One day, he ate too much ice-cream, and then he had a serious stomachache and began to have diarrhea (腹泻). When he went to the hospital, the doctor gave him a kind of medicine, and advised him not to have cold drinks and food. He must drink lots of warm water and he can’t eat spicy (辛辣的) food. Here are the instructions (说明) of the medicine: The Instructions for Taking the Medicine How to use: Pour 1 sachet (密封小袋) into of warm water, mix well and take it quickly. Dosage (剂量): 1. Children: Under 1 year old: Take 1 sachet a day; 1 to 2 years old: sachets a day; Over the age of 2: sachets a day. 2. Adults: 3 times a day, 1 sachet each time. Notes: 1. The effect of the medicine usually lasts for six hours. 2. If you need to take other kinds of medicines, please take them one hour before this product. 3. Please put this product in a dry place and protect it from light. 4. Please keep this product out of the reach of children. Production date: October 2, 2025. Shelf Life: 36 months. 1．What was the matter with John? A． B． C． D． 2．How long does the effect of the medicine usually last? A．For 3 hours. B．For 6 hours. C．For 9 hours. D．For 12 hours. 3．What advice did the doctor give John? ① Don’t eat spicy food. ② Take more exercise. ③ Drink much warm water. ④ Don’t have cold drinks and food. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 4．When will the medicine be expired (过期)? A．On October 2, 2026. B．On October 2, 2027. C．On October 1, 2027 D．On October 2, 2028. 14 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $