专题01 Units 4-5（语法综合练）英语人教版必修第三册

专题01 Units 4~5（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单句语法填空。 二、完成句子。 三、单项选择。 四、语篇填空。 1、 单句语法填空。 1．（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）He is brave enough (acknowledge) his mistake in front of the whole class. 2．（2026高三下·全国·专题练习）It is (universe) acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. 3．（2025·江苏南京·一模） (ease) this area’s water shortage, the local government decided to construct a canal across the mountains, whose construction was remarkable engineering achievement. 4．（2022·全国·模拟预测）Nowadays, the scenic spot has regained its former glamour. Tourism support (facility) have been improved to better provide services to travelers. Jiuzhaigou county has also been trying to offer visitors a more diversified tourism experience. 5．（24-25高三下·全国·课后作业）It is said that this subject is (option) in that school. 6．（25-26高二上·新疆昌吉·开学考试）The judges give their grades on the (base) of fair principles, promising no cheating. 7．（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）I (intend) to come over to see you, but was prevented from doing so by the heavy rain. 8．（2022·全国·模拟预测）The tourist center is far away from here indeed.It’s two (hour) walk. 9．（2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）She has a strong desire (catch) up on her reading during the holidays. 10．（2020高一上·广东佛山·学业考试）I was (disappoint) that we played so well yet still lost. 二、完成句子。 1．（2010·湖北·高考真题）After she completes the project, she’ll have (没什么要担心的).(worry) 2．（2023高一上·广东佛山·学业考试）He imagined all sorts of exciting things about (独立地生活) and teaching in a village. 3．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）I figured that at least I would have a safe place （来存放我的私人物品，不让讨厌的弟弟们拿到）. 4．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）My mom hugged me and told me that there are always right ways (去得到我想要的东西). 5．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）I looked around at my family, and for the first time since Dad’s passing, (我感到一丝发自内心的微笑在脸上绽开). 6．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Lying on the bed, I stared at those who cared about me, (一股暖流涌上心头). 7．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）We all had our kites ready, . (装饰着鲜艳的色彩和图案，十分漂亮). 8．（2025高一·全国·专题练习）你费了那么大劲想准时到我的办公室，结果我却没到，你一定很难过吧。(only to do 句式) It must have been very upsetting for you to make all the efforts to get to my office on time, . 9．（24-25高一下·广东江门·月考） (正如我们所期待的), her performance was wonderful. (as引导定语从句) 10．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The realization hit me like a physical blow; (他提交的是自己的原创作品). 11．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Seeing her daughter save a life, (米娅的妈妈跑过来，自豪地抱住了她). 12．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Kuppan thought (自己可以一直稳居巅峰). 13．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）However, he did not realize that nobody can remain at the top all the time. (盛极必衰). 14．（24-25高一下·全国·课后作业）When you don’t understand a new word, you can (查阅) the dictionary for its meaning. 15．（25-26高一·全国·假期作业） (意识到自己误解了父亲后), she felt guilty and decided to apologize immediately. (现在分词作状语) 三、单项选择。 1．（2025·天津·高考真题）________ the audience, the speaker prepared a detailed and engaging presentation. A．Impressing B．To impress C．Being impressed D．Impressed 2．（2012·重庆·高考真题）We are having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _____ at the meeting will influence the future of our company. A．being made B．made C．having been made D．to be made 3．（2019·江苏·高考真题）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. A．To enjoy B．Enjoying C．To have enjoyed D．Enjoy 4．（2008·全国·高考真题）The director had her assistant ___ some hot dogs for the meeting. A．picked up B．picks up C．pick up D．picking up 5．（2018·北京·高考真题）During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. A．share B．to share C．having shared D．shared 6．（2025·天津·高考真题）You________ rush to finish the report. The deadline has been extended. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t 7．（2024·天津·高考真题）Someone is planning to move out of our building, and their apartment will be _________ for rent at the beginning of March. A．available B．normal C．competitive D．expensive 8．（2022·天津·高考真题）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A．highlight B．identify C．ignore D．prevent 9．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A．cancels B．will cancel C．has cancelled D．had cancelled 10．（2018·江苏·高考真题）It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A．would B．should C．could D．Might 四、语篇填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1（2020·全国I卷·高考真题） China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 1 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 2 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 6 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 7 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. Passage 2（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题） Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 1 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 2 (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 3 (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 4 Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 5 (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, 6 (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 7 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 8 (find)the connection between the two great writers. 9 (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 10 see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 4~5（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单句语法填空。 二、完成句子。 三、单项选择。 四、语篇填空。 1、 单句语法填空。 1．（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）He is brave enough (acknowledge) his mistake in front of the whole class. 【答案】to acknowledge 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他足够勇敢，敢于在全班同学面前承认自己的错误。所给词acknowledge为动词，意为“承认”；此处为固定句型“主语+ be +形容词+ enough + to do sth.”，表示“某人足够……以至于能够做某事”，其中不定式to acknowledge作结果状语。故填to acknowledge。 2．（2026高三下·全国·专题练习）It is (universe) acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. 【答案】universally 【详解】考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为，财富并不一定意味着幸福。修饰动词acknowledged应用universe的副词形式universally作状语，意为“普遍地”，It is universally acknowledged that…为固定句式，表示“人们普遍认为……”，符合语境。故填universally。 3．（2025·江苏南京·一模） (ease) this area’s water shortage, the local government decided to construct a canal across the mountains, whose construction was remarkable engineering achievement. 【答案】To ease 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了缓解该地区的水资源短缺，当地政府决定修建一条横跨山脉的运河，其建设是一项了不起的工程成就。设空处应填动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了缓解该地区的水资源短缺”，设空处位于句首，首字母要大写。故填To ease。 4．（2022·全国·模拟预测）Nowadays, the scenic spot has regained its former glamour. Tourism support (facility) have been improved to better provide services to travelers. Jiuzhaigou county has also been trying to offer visitors a more diversified tourism experience. 【答案】facilities 【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：如今，这个景点已恢复了昔日的魅力。完善旅游配套设施，更好地为游客提供服务。九寨沟也一直在努力为游客提供更多样化的旅游体验。facility为可数名词，根据后文have可知此处应用复数形式。故填facilities。 5．（24-25高三下·全国·课后作业）It is said that this subject is (option) in that school. 【答案】optional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：据说在那所学校，这门课程是选修的。作表语，用形容词optional，故填optional。 6．（25-26高二上·新疆昌吉·开学考试）The judges give their grades on the (base) of fair principles, promising no cheating. 【答案】basis 【详解】考查名词。句意：评委们根据公平原则打分，并承诺绝不作弊。空处需填名词basis，作介词on的宾语，on the basis of为固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”。故填basis。 7．（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）I (intend) to come over to see you, but was prevented from doing so by the heavy rain. 【答案】had intended 【详解】考查时态。句意：我本打算来看你的，但因为下大雨而未能成行。had intended to do …表示“原打算干……”。当表达某人过去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“计划”、“想法”、“许诺”等时，expect, hope, intend, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think, want等谓语动词须用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算和意图。根据句意，故填had intended。 8．（2022·全国·模拟预测）The tourist center is far away from here indeed.It’s two (hour) walk. 【答案】hours’ 【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：旅游中心离这里确实很远。 走路要两个小时。分析句式结构可知，此处用名词所有格形式作定语修饰名词walk。所以用 two hours’ walk 表示“两小时的路程”符合语境。故填 hours’。 9．（2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）She has a strong desire (catch) up on her reading during the holidays. 【答案】to catch 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她强烈渴望在假期里补上她落下的阅读量。“have a strong desire to do sth.” 是固定用法，表示 “有强烈的愿望去做某事”，此处要用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰 “desire”。故填 to catch。 10．（2020高一上·广东佛山·学业考试）I was (disappoint) that we played so well yet still lost. 【答案】disappointed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我很失望，我们踢得这么好，但还是输了。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词disappointed，作表语，意为“（感到）失望的”。故填disappointed。 二、完成句子。 1．（2010·湖北·高考真题）After she completes the project, she’ll have (没什么要担心的).(worry) 【答案】nothing to worry about/no more worries 【详解】考查名词、代词、不定式和固定短语。句意：她完成这个项目后，就没什么可担心的了。根据句意，表示“没什么可做”应为have nothing to do，结合括号提示词worry，“没什么可担心的”表达为nothing to worry about，其中不定式短语作定语或者使用名词worry，表示“没什么要担心的应为 “no more worries”作宾语。故填nothing to worry about/no more worries。 2．（2023高一上·广东佛山·学业考试）He imagined all sorts of exciting things about (独立地生活) and teaching in a village. 【答案】living independently 【详解】考查短语。句意：他想象着在村子里独立生活和教书的种种令人兴奋的事情。“独立地生活”翻译为live independently。介词about后接动名词。根据汉语提示及句意，故填living independently。 3．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）I figured that at least I would have a safe place （来存放我的私人物品，不让讨厌的弟弟们拿到）. 【答案】to keep my private stuff away out of the reach of my annoying younger brothers 【详解】考查不定式。 句意：我觉得至少我会有一个安全的地方，来存放我的私人物品，不让讨厌的弟弟们拿到。句子需补充说明“安全地方”的用途，此处用不定式作后置定语修饰place，使用keep...away from the reach of...固定搭配，可体现“使……远离……的触及范围”的语义，表示“私人用品”用private stuff，“讨厌的弟弟们”可表示为annoying younger brothers。故填：to keep my private stuff away out of the reach of my annoying younger brothers。 4．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）My mom hugged me and told me that there are always right ways (去得到我想要的东西). 【答案】to get what I want 【详解】考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。句意：妈妈拥抱了我，告诉我总有正确的方法去得到我想要的东西。根据汉语提示“去得到我想要的东西”可知，“去得到”用get，ways to do sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事的方法”，因此get应用动词不定式to get作后置定语；“我想要的东西”应用what I want，what引导宾语从句，在从句中作want的宾语。故填to get what I want。 5．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）I looked around at my family, and for the first time since Dad’s passing, (我感到一丝发自内心的微笑在脸上绽开). 【答案】I felt a genuine smile spread across my face 【详解】考查动词、名词，非谓语动词和时态。句意：我环顾四周的家人，自从爸爸去世后，我第一次感到一丝发自内心的微笑在脸上绽开。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“感到微笑在脸上绽开”应用感官动词结构 feel sth. do sth.，强调动作的全过程；feel在and之后的分句中作谓语，时态用一般过去时，动词feel用过去式felt；“发自内心的微笑”译为a genuine smile；“在脸上绽开”译为spread across my face，spread为不带to的不定式，在本句中作宾语补足语。故填I felt a genuine smile spread across my face。 6．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Lying on the bed, I stared at those who cared about me, (一股暖流涌上心头). 【答案】feeling a warm current in my heart 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：躺在床上，看着那些关心我的人，一股暖流涌上我的心头。“一股暖流涌上心头”可用a warm current in my heart表达，添加动词feel“感到”描写心理，feel和逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填feeling a warm current in my heart。 7．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）We all had our kites ready, . (装饰着鲜艳的色彩和图案，十分漂亮). 【答案】beautifully decorated with bright colors and patterns 【详解】考查过去分词短语。句意：我们都把风筝准备好了，装饰着鲜艳的色彩和图案，十分漂亮。此处可用过去分词短语作后置定语，表示“用……装饰”用decorated with...；表示“十分漂亮”可用副词beautifully修饰decorated体现装饰的程度；表示“鲜艳的色彩和图案”为名词短语bright colors and patterns，故填beautifully decorated with bright colors and patterns。 8．（2025高一·全国·专题练习）你费了那么大劲想准时到我的办公室，结果我却没到，你一定很难过吧。(only to do 句式) It must have been very upsetting for you to make all the efforts to get to my office on time, . 【答案】only to find that I wasn’t there 【详解】考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。“结果我却没到”可理解为“却发现我不在那儿”，“却……”用only to do，作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，“发现”用find，和逻辑主语“你”之间为主动关系，因此用不定式的一般式to find，“我不在那里”处理为that引导的宾语从句，从句陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，“我不在那里”用I wasn’t there。故填only to find that I wasn’t there。 9．（24-25高一下·广东江门·月考） (正如我们所期待的), her performance was wonderful. (as引导定语从句) 【答案】As we had expected 【详解】考查定语从句以及时态。句意：正如我们所期待的，她的表演很精彩。分析句子结构可知，“her performance was wonderful”为主句，“正如我们所期待的”为非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，表示“正如”，关系词在从句中作宾语，且位于句首，所以使用as引导该从句。“我们”使用人称代词主格we，为从句的主语，“期待”使用动词expect，为从句的谓语动词，结合句意可知，“期待”这一动作发生在“表演精彩”之前，所以从句使用过去完成时。故填As we had expected。 10．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The realization hit me like a physical blow; (他提交的是自己的原创作品). 【答案】his submission had been his own original project 【详解】考查时态和形容词。句意：这个认知对我来说如同当头一棒；他提交的是他自己的原创作品。表示“他提交的”应用his submission；表示“是”应用be，此处指过去某动作之前已经完成的状态，应用过去完成时 had been；表示“自己的”应用形容词 own；表示“原创的”应用形容词 original；表示“作品”应用名词 project。故填 his submission had been his own original project。 11．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Seeing her daughter save a life, (米娅的妈妈跑过来，自豪地抱住了她). 【答案】Mia’s mom ran over, hugging her proudly 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：看到女儿救了一条命，Mia的妈妈跑过来，自豪地抱住了她。Seeing是现在分词作伴随状语；“Mia的妈妈”对应Mia’s mom，“跑过来”用ran over，一般过去时，与save a life的动作时态一致；“自豪地抱住了她”是伴随“跑过来”的动作，用现在分词短语hugging her proudly作伴随状语，体现动作的同时性。故填Mia’s mom ran over, hugging her proudly。 12．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Kuppan thought (自己可以一直稳居巅峰). 【答案】he could remain at the top indefinitely 【详解】考查宾语从句、情态动词和固定短语。句意：Kuppan 认为自己可以一直稳居巅峰。thought 后接宾语从句，从句主语用 he 指代 Kuppan；表示 “可以” 应用情态动词 could；表示 “稳居巅峰” 短语为remain at the top；表示“一直” 应用副词 indefinitely。情态动词could后接动词原形，故填 he could stay up indefinitely。 13．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）However, he did not realize that nobody can remain at the top all the time. (盛极必衰). 【答案】What goes up must certainly come down 【详解】考查主语从句、固定短语。句意：然而，他没有意识到没有人能永远处于顶峰。盛极必衰。“盛极必衰”即“有起必有落”，用主语从句，从句缺少主语，用what引导，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“上升”，用go up，本句陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为What，谓语用第三人称单数。表示“必定，必然”，用情态动词must。表示“下来”用come down，表示“肯定，无疑”，用certainly，作状语，修饰come down。故填What goes up must certainly come down。 14．（24-25高一下·全国·课后作业）When you don’t understand a new word, you can (查阅) the dictionary for its meaning. 【答案】 refer to 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当你不理解一个新单词时，你可以查阅字典了解它的意思。refer to为固定短语，有“查阅”之意，位于情态动词can后，refer用原形。故填refer; to。 15．（25-26高一·全国·假期作业） (意识到自己误解了父亲后), she felt guilty and decided to apologize immediately. (现在分词作状语) 【答案】Realizing (that) she had misunderstood her father 【详解】考查非谓语动词、宾语从句、时态。句意：意识到自己误解了父亲后，她感到内疚，并决定立即道歉。表示“意识到”用动词realize，与主语she之间是主动关系，用现在分词realizing，作状语，句首单词，首字母大写；“自己误解了父亲”用宾语从句，从句中：表示“她”用she，作主语；表示“误解”用misunderstand，这一动作发生在felt之前，从句时态用过去完成时，谓语用had misunderstood；表示“她的父亲”用her father，作宾语。从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导，也可以省略。故填Realizing (that) she had misunderstood her father。 三、单项选择。 1．（2025·天津·高考真题）________ the audience, the speaker prepared a detailed and engaging presentation. A．Impressing B．To impress C．Being impressed D．Impressed 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了给听众留下深刻印象，这位演讲者精心准备了一份详尽且引人入胜的演讲内容。“准备演示文稿”的目的是“为了给观众留下深刻印象”，不定式To impress表目的，符合语境。故选B。 2．（2012·重庆·高考真题）We are having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _____ at the meeting will influence the future of our company. A．being made B．made C．having been made D．to be made 【答案】D 【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意：半小时后我们开会。会上的决定将会影响我们公司的未来。由于会议还没有开始，所以决定也是即将要做的决定，还没有成为现实。所以用不定式作定语。decision与make之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态。故选D。 【点睛】非谓语动词作定语时的选择主要看被修饰词与该词之间的逻辑关系。作定语的非谓语动词和被修饰词构成主动关系时，用现在分词形式；构成被动关系时，用过去分词形式；表示将来特定某一次时，用动词不定式形式。例如本题中，根据句意，特指半小时后会议上将要达成的决定，所以选用不定式作定语。 3．（2019·江苏·高考真题）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. A．To enjoy B．Enjoying C．To have enjoyed D．Enjoy 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处用不定式表目的，故选A。 4．（2008·全国·高考真题）The director had her assistant ___ some hot dogs for the meeting. A．picked up B．picks up C．pick up D．picking up 【答案】C 【详解】考查使役动词have的用法。句意：董事让她的助手为会议准备了一些热狗。由句意知此处的have用作使役动词，意为“使；让；叫”，其后可以跟省to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示“让某人做某事”，也可以跟现在分词和过去分词作宾补，跟过去分词时，表示和宾语之间是动宾关系，跟现在分词则表示“使……处于某种状态”，表示动作正在进行，此处表示“董事让助手为会议准备了一些热狗”，应用省略to的不定式。故选C项。 5．（2018·北京·高考真题）During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. A．share B．to share C．having shared D．shared 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词，“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。 点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。 6．（2025·天津·高考真题）You________ rush to finish the report. The deadline has been extended. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你不必急于完成这份报告。截止日期已经延长了。A. couldn’t不能；B. mustn’t禁止；C. needn’t不必；D. wouldn’t不会。根据后文“The deadline has been extended.”可知，截止日期已经延长了，不必急于完成这份报告。故选C。 7．（2024·天津·高考真题）Someone is planning to move out of our building, and their apartment will be _________ for rent at the beginning of March. A．available B．normal C．competitive D．expensive 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人打算搬出我们的大楼，他们的公寓将在三月初出租。A. available可获得的，可租用的；B. normal正常的；C. competitive有竞争力的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据“Someone is planning to move out of our building”可推知，有人要搬出去了，所以公寓将在三月初可以出租，应用available，表示“可获得的，可租用的”。故选A项。 8．（2022·天津·高考真题）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A．highlight B．identify C．ignore D．prevent 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视环境问题，我们迟早会后悔的。A. highlight突出；强调；B. identify辨认；识别；C. ignore忽视；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔，而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。 9．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A．cancels B．will cancel C．has cancelled D．had cancelled 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时，他们无法掩饰他们的失望。结合句意可知，学校取消派对发生在前，孩子无法掩饰失望发生在后，故从句的cancel为“过去的过去”，需要用过去完成时态。故选D项。 10．（2018·江苏·高考真题）It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A．would B．should C．could D．might 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。 点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。）It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本不应该犯错。） 四、语篇填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1（2020·全国I卷·高考真题） China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 1 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 2 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 6 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 7 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 【答案】 1．touched 2．extremely 3．where 4．interest 5．than 6．to find 7．means 8．is constructed 9．much 10．its 【分析】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。 1．.考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。 2．考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。 3．考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 4．考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。 5．考查介词。句意：因为它比近地面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。 8．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。 9．考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。 10．考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 Passage 2（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题） Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 1 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 2 (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 3 (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 4 Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 5 (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, 6 (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 7 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 8 (find)the connection between the two great writers. 9 (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 10 see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【答案】 1．who 2．themes 3．were 4．to 5．inspired 6．was built 7．visibility 8．to find 9．Recalling 10．and 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点，并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德，且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 1．考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 2．考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 4．考查固定短语。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：be similar to，意为“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 7．考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 10．考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $