精品解析：四川泸州市泸县第五中学2025-2026学年高三第二学期开学测试英语试题

高2023级高三第二学期开学测试英语 本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷由第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)组成，共10页;答题卡共2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第I卷(选择题，共95分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What do the man’s words mean? A. The woman should quit her job. B. The woman should get more sleep. C. Most people only need six hours of sleep. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I only slept four hours — I’m exhausted! My job’s so demanding. M: Most people need at least six hours, but as a mom, you should get eight. Don’t work too much! 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man imply about his boss? A. She is hard to please. B. She is on a business trip. C. She will be promoted soon. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Have you given the proposal to Ms. Davis yet? M: I tried this morning, but she wasn’t satisfied with the financial analysis. I have to redo the numbers and submit it again tomorrow. W: Again? That’s the third time. M: Tell me about it. Nothing seems to meet her standards lately. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A painting. B. The gallery staff. C. The painter’s name. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: What is it? What does the painter want to express? M: The staff in this gallery must have put it upside down. No wonder we can’t understand it. W: Oh, you’re right. The author’s name is upside down. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why was the man absent yesterday? A. He was ill. B. He went traveling. C. He forgot the time. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Why didn’t you come to school yesterday? M: I had a headache and had to see a doctor. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A stadium. B. A concert hall. C. A sports event. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: It is said to be the largest in Texas. W: I hear it was made for multiple uses. It can be used for all types of athletic competitions. It is also used for concerts. M: Is it true that it can seat an audience of 50,000 at once? W: That’s right. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. When did Sally get the painting? A. On her birthday. B. On Mother’s Day. C. On Christmas Day. 7. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Father and daughter. C. Boss and assistant. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Sally, you’ve got a great painting in your office. Is it a gift for this year’s birthday? W: I’m glad you like it. Actually, it’s a Mother’s Day gift from my daughter. M: Wow, Karen does have an eye for art. Does she work in the art field? W: She used to work as an assistant to a painter, but recently she has just joined an advertising company and works as a creative director. M: That sounds interesting. Her boss must think very highly of her. W: Yes, and her boss is just like ours, who is friendly and treats the staff well. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is people’s attitude toward the man’s team? A. Critical. B. Confident. C. Uncertain. 9. What does the man see as the main challenge? A. His team’s unstable performances. B. The opponents’ unpredictable strength. C. Pressure from increased fan expectations. 【答案】8. B 9. B 【解析】 【原文】W: How are you feeling about the volleyball next week? Your team’s done brilliantly to get into the final! M: Yeah. Everyone’s pretty convinced we’ll be bringing home the winners’ cup, so there’ll be loads more fans at the game than we’re used to. W: So will there be any challenges? M: Well, the team we’re playing against is a bit of an unknown quantity. We don’t really know what they’re capable of. I mean, if they happen to be on top form, as they were earlier in the tournament, we may struggle. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Where are the speakers probably? A. In the doctor’s office. B. In a waiting room. C. In a parking lot. 11. What time might it be now? A. 2:05 p.m. B. 2:15 p.m. C. 2:25 p.m. 12. What do we know about the man? A. He’s unable to drive a car. B. He’s a graduate in medicine. C. He doubts new technology. 【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【原文】W: I just checked, and we’re in the right place. However, the secretary says they’re running twenty minutes behind schedule. M: Oh great. So I won’t be called into the office until at least 2:35 p.m. See, I told you we didn’t need to set off so early. W: The letter said we need to arrive ten minutes before the appointment time — that’s right now. Besides, it can take half an hour to find somewhere to park here. M: You’re right — better safe than sorry. Are you nervous? W: No. They’re just talking me through the procedure today. M: I can’t believe you’re letting a robot cut your knee open. You don’t even trust driver-less technology. W: Well, it’s a robot-assisted operation. The human with the medical degree is still in control. M: I was reading about 6G the other day — apparently it’ll be so fast that it’ll make online operations possible. W: Wow, so someone could operate on me from the other side of the world? Hmm, no thanks. M: Hey, it could be a game changer for people living in remote areas. W: That’s true. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Where is the man from? A. Canada. B. The UK. C. The USA. 14. What does the man say about bank holidays? A. People don’t deal with business on these days. B. The banks don’t open on these days. C. The bank services are free on these days. 15. How do people celebrate Shakespeare Day? A. Enjoy a related movie. B. Hold a special party. C. Record Shakespeare’s words. 16. When did the man last celebrate Shakespeare Day? A. Two years ago. B. Last year. C. Last month. 【答案】13. B 14. B 15. A 16. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Mr Brown, what important festivals do you have in your country apart from the ones that I’ve known? M: Early May Bank Holiday, Spring Bank Holiday, Summer Bank Holiday and so on. These are all public holidays celebrated throughout the UK. We also have Shakespeare Day, but it isn’t a public holiday. W: Why are there so many days called bank holidays? M: Originally, these were the days on which the banks were closed. Now, most businesses and non-essential services like banks close on these days. W: What about Shakespeare Day? M: It’s a holiday for fans and enthusiasts of William Shakespeare. W: When is the holiday? M: It falls on April 23 each year. W: How do people celebrate the day? M: Well, there are many different kinds of celebrations, People can watch a Shakespeare-inspired movie, pick a speech or passage to memorize, or meet with other Shakespeare fans and share their favorite Shakespeare moments with each other. W: Do you celebrate this holiday every year? M: Yes. But it’s a pity that I haven’t got a chance to go back and celebrate it ever since I came to China two years ago. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the speaker mainly doing at the beginning? A. Introducing City Football Club. B. Providing tips for the stadium visit. C. Inviting visitors to a football match. 18. Why does the speaker remind parents about the players’ tunnel? A. Too crowded for children. B. Dark, maybe causing fear. C. Only open to adult visitors. 19. What should the drawings be about? A. Football. B. The stadium. C. The cafe. 20. What should children do to enter the drawing competition? A. Finish the drawing before the tour really starts. B. Submit the drawing to the tour guides directly. C. Add contact information on the back of the drawing. 【答案】17. B 18. B 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】 M: Good morning and welcome to City Football Club. I’d like to give you some useful information about your visit to the stadium today and then we’ll start the tour. I can see lots of children here today, so just to let mums and dads know a few things. The stadium has lots of stairs and the players’ tunnel is very dark. Please don’t let your children wander off on their own, even for a minute. We don’t want any accidents or anyone getting frightened. Cameras are permitted everywhere and you can take pictures of your child taking a shot. It’s very hot and sunny out on the field today. You can get food and drink at the cafe and I really recommend the healthy lunch boxes for children. Also in the cafe, children are invited to do a football themed drawing. We’ll pick the best one at the end of the afternoon, so don’t forget to put your name and contact details on the back. That way if you’ve left the stadium before then, we’ll send your prize, but sadly we can’t return drawings. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Sometimes, we need a little help and get back to a state of mindfulness when it comes to taking care of our physical and mental health. Wellness vacations are on the rise. ■ Ketanga Fitness When: April 6-10 Where: Phoenix, Arizona What: Sweat it out surrounded by the red rocks of Arizona’s desert. P. E. Club owner Nedra Lopez leads a mixture of high and low intensity workouts in the mornings and evenings. During breaks, guests will have plenty of time to explore the desert. After your last workout class, you can hit the town for dinner and drinks. ■ Rksolid Retreat When: April 15-22 Where: Oahu, Hawaii What: What better excuses to relax yourself in Hawaii than a retreat led by Barry’s Bootcamp star Rebecca Kennedy? During your week-long journey to Oahu, you’ll surf, climb waterfalls, and hike the Stairway to Heaven trail. In between all those workouts, Kennedy creates a special stretch and recovery class so you won’t skip a beat next day. ■ Wellness Immersion When: August Where: Amanbagh, India What: The Amanbagh hotel offers 4-21 day programs focusing on immersion courses that focus on relieving pressure from people’s body. Activities include hikes overlooking beautiful gorges, yoga and meditation sessions, and meals made with organic, locally harvested produce. ■ Mi le High Run Club When: August 18-28 Where: Reykjavik, Iceland What: After landing in Reykjavik, runners can work towards their best time in the annual marathon, half marathon, or 10K. After a race, you’ll soothe your muscles in the geothermal Blue Lagoon spa and hit the ground running again with guided runs through Thorsmork National Park. Do we even have to mention Skaftafell’s crazy glacier views? 21. Which vacation will you choose if you want to visit desert? A. Rksolid Retreat. B. Ketanga Fitness. C. Wellness Immersion. D. Mile High Run Club. 22. What do the four vacations have in common? A. They are combinations of wellness and scenery. B. Courses and classes are arranged during them. C. They are available all year round. D. Men are the target vacationers. 23. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To promote marathon events. B. To advertise some P. E. clubs. C. To attract more tourists to America. D. To introduce some wellness vacations. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章为读者介绍了几款健康度假。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ketanga Fitness部分中的“Sweat it out surrounded by the red rocks of Arizona’s desert.(在亚利桑那沙漠的红色岩石中挥汗如雨。)”可知，如果想去沙漠旅行可以选择Ketanga Fitness。故选B。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据Ketanga Fitness部分中的“Sweat it out surrounded by the red rocks of Arizona’s desert. P. E. Club owner Nedra Lopez leads a mixture of high and low intensity workouts in the mornings and evenings.(在亚利桑那沙漠的红色岩石中挥汗如雨。体育俱乐部老板内德拉·洛佩兹在早晚进行高强度和低强度的混合锻炼。)”，Rksolid Retreat部分中的“What better excuses to relax yourself in Hawaii than a retreat led by Barry’s Bootcamp star Rebecca Kennedy? During your week-long journey to Oahu, you’ll surf, climb waterfalls, and hike the Stairway to Heaven trail.(在夏威夷，还有什么比《巴里的训练营》主演丽贝卡·肯尼迪带领的静修活动更好的放松自己的借口吗？在您为期一周的欧胡岛之旅中，您将冲浪，攀爬瀑布，并徒步前往天堂的阶梯小径。)”，Wellness Immersion部分中的“Activities include hikes overlooking beautiful gorges, yoga and meditation sessions, and meals made with organic, locally harvested produce.(活动包括俯瞰美丽峡谷的徒步旅行，瑜伽和冥想课程，以及用当地收获的有机农产品做的饭菜。)”和Mi le High Run Club部分中的“After landing in Reykjavik, runners can work towards their best time in the annual marathon, half marathon, or 10K. After a race, you’ll soothe your muscles in the geothermal Blue Lagoon spa and hit the ground running again with guided runs through Thorsmork National Park.(在雷克雅未克着陆后，跑步者可以在一年一度的马拉松、半程马拉松或10公里比赛中争取自己的最佳成绩。比赛结束后，您将在地热蓝色泻湖水疗中心舒缓肌肉，并在导游的带领下再次跑过Thorsmork国家公园。)”可知，这四款度假都是健身和风景的结合。故选A。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Sometimes, we need a little help and get back to a state of mindfulness when it comes to taking care of our physical and mental health. Wellness vacations are on the rise.(有时候，当涉及到照顾我们的身心健康时，我们需要一点帮助，回到一种正念的状态。健康度假越来越多。)”可知，文章主要是为了介绍几款健康度假。故选D。 B Deep within Rio Doce State Park, in Brazil’s remote Atlantic Forest, photographer Fernando Faciole set up two camera traps. He returned every 45 days to change the batteries and check the memory cards. His patience—and willingness to deal with a lot of near-bites from the forest’s ticks—paid off. Fewer than a dozen jaguars(美洲豹) are thought to live in the area after years of deforestation. Faciole would have been lucky to get any pictures of them, let alone one so attractively posed. “It was the perfect position, with the jaguar looking at the camera, the tail, the framing,” he says. “It was super special for me.” Faciole’s jaguar portrait is one of the top wildlife photos of 2025, chosen by the photography staff at National Geographic, a famous magazine. These photos take us to unique environments worldwide and show us rare views of animals both familiar and unusual. Other photographers also captured special moments. For example, Ronan Donovan photographed a beaver gnawing a tree, showing how these animals help fireproof land and protect ecosystems from climate change. Thomas Peschack caught the motion of a meerkat(灰沼狸), while Takura Ishiguro captured a Japanese giant mantis attacking a lizard. Such photos can also be important for science. Underwater photographer Linda Ianniello’s pictures revealed fish using anemones as shields, a surprising behavior not well known before. For photographers, the moment of capturing a stunning natural scene feels as powerful as an amazing moment in science. After hearing about a sperm whale carcass(动物尸体)north of the Arctic Circle, photographer Roie Galitz redirected an ice-breaker and flew a drone to take aerial shots of the whale and polar bears. “When I was flying the drone, I was shouting and cursing, just because as a photographer you get really excited,” Galitz laughs. “The day I stop being excited is the day I stop taking photos.” 24. What did Fernando Faciole do in the forest? A. He studied insect life closely. B. He took photos of wild jaguars. C. He worked to stop deforestation. D. He taught photography classes. 25. What can be inferred about the wildlife photos? A. They can promote animal protection. B. They were awarded by a magazine. C. They show diverse animal behaviors. D. They were taken in tropical forests. 26. What does the underlined word “stunning” refer to in paragraph 6? A. impressive. B. expansive. C. frightening. D. mysterious. 27. Why did Roie Galitz shout while operating the drone? A. He feared the polar bears. B. He broke the drone accidentally. C. He felt thrilled by the scene. D. He encountered a severe weather. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2025年一些由摄影师拍摄的顶级野生动物照片，讲述了摄影师费尔南多·法乔莱在巴西大西洋森林拍摄美洲豹的经历，还列举了其他摄影师拍摄的展现动物不同行为的照片，强调这些照片对科学的重要性以及摄影师捕捉精彩瞬间时的激动心情。 24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Deep within Rio Doce State Park, in Brazil’s remote Atlantic Forest, photographer Fernando Faciole set up two camera traps. He returned every 45 days to change the batteries and check the memory cards. His patience—and willingness to deal with a lot of near-bites from the forest’s ticks—paid off. Fewer than a dozen jaguars(美洲豹) are thought to live in the area after years of deforestation. Faciole would have been lucky to get any pictures of them, let alone one so attractively posed.(在巴西偏远的大西洋森林中，里约多斯州立公园的深处，摄影师费尔南多·法乔莱设置了两台自动感应相机。他每45天回来更换电池并检查存储卡。他的耐心，以及甘愿忍受森林蜱虫一次次险些叮咬的付出，终于得到了回报。经过多年的森林砍伐，据信该地区仅存不到12只美洲豹。法乔莱要是能拍到它们的照片就已经很幸运了，更别说拍到一张姿势如此迷人的照片)”可知，费尔南多·法乔莱在森林里拍摄野生美洲豹。故选B项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Other photographers also captured special moments. For example, Ronan Donovan photographed a beaver gnawing a tree, showing how these animals help fireproof land and protect ecosystems from climate change. Thomas Peschack caught the motion of a meerkat(灰沼狸), while Takura Ishiguro captured a Japanese giant mantis attacking a lizard.(其他摄影师也捕捉到了特别的瞬间。例如，罗南·多诺万拍摄到一只海狸啃咬树木，展示了这些动物如何帮助土地防火以及保护生态系统免受气候变化的影响。托马斯·佩沙克抓拍到了一只灰沼狸的动作，而石黑拓良捕捉到了一只日本巨螳螂攻击蜥蜴的画面)”可知，这些野生动物照片展示了多样的动物行为。故选C项。 【26题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第六段“For photographers, the moment of capturing a stunning natural scene feels as powerful as an amazing moment in science.(对于摄影师来说，捕捉到____自然场景的那一刻，感觉就像科学中令人惊叹的时刻一样震撼)”可知，“stunning”与“amazing（令人惊叹的）”意思相近，A选项“impressive（令人印象深刻的）”正确。故选A项。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““When I was flying the drone, I was shouting and cursing, just because as a photographer you get really excited,” Galitz laughs.(“当我操控无人机的时候，我又叫又骂，只是因为作为一名摄影师，你真的会很兴奋，”加利茨笑着说)”可知，罗伊·加利茨操控无人机时大喊是因为他被这个场景震撼到了，感到非常激动。故选C项。 C For 11-year-old chess talent Reyaansh Chakrabarty, the Netflix show The Queen’s Gambit (《后翼弃兵》) started his love for chess. During the pandemic (流行病), he watched the show, which aroused his interest in chess. From Western Sydney, Reyaansh, a FIDE master with a 2346 classical rating, has excited Australia’s chess world. Australian Chess Federation’s Paul Power said that Reyaansh shows great promise at a young age, adding that Australia has only 10 Grandmasters (GMs) worldwide and that though it’s hard to predict, Reyaansh is on the right way to possibly get a GM title, which would be a great honor for Australia. Reyaansh wants to do more than become a Grandmaster — he dreams of being world champion. Though it’s a huge goal, he focuses on improving step by step. As a Year 6 student, he trains five hours each day and eight hours on weekends. His school supports his chess by giving less homework, but he still puts his studies first. He practices tactics and openings strictly, looking for mistakes in his games, and has face-to-face classes with Polish GM Jacek Stopa at the Sydney Chess Academy. Reyaansh said that Stopa teaches him the careful preparation needed for the GM level and that the puzzles he gives are very hard, making him tired after each class. Reyaansh has already beaten GMs, including Australian player Darryl Johansen in Melbourne. His first GM win happened when his opponent blundered in a game that was going to end in a draw. He has played in countries like Norway and Singapore and balances chess with reading books by JK Rowling and Dog Man comics. When talking about what makes chess special, Reyaansh pointed out the game’s intensity, saying that even a game played perfectly can be lost with one mistake. Mr. Power saw more young players joining in, saying the lively interest among primary students is refreshing. Reyaansh’s main advice for others is to find love for the game, because without it, one would get bored. 28. What drew Reyaansh’s interest in chess? A. A pandemic-related activity. B. A fictional character’s story. C. A family tradition. D. A local chess competition. 29. What excited Australia’s chess world? A. Reyaansh’s high rating. B. Reyaansh’s love for chess. C. Reyaansh’s young age D. Reyaansh’s victory in Melbourne. 30. What can we infer about Reyaansh from paragraph 3? A. He prioritizes chess over schoolwork. B. He trains more on weekdays than weekends. C. He follows a strict daily routine. D. He gets tired of long-hour practice. 31. What does the underlined word “blundered” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Made a mistake. B. Gave up easily. C. Showed confidence. D. Got special permits. 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了11岁国际象棋天才Reyaansh Chakrabarty受剧集启发爱上象棋，坚持刻苦训练、立志冲击世界冠军的故事。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“For 11-year-old chess talent Reyaansh Chakrabarty, the Netflix show The Queen’s Gambit (《后翼弃兵》) started his love for chess. During the pandemic (流行病), he watched the show, which aroused his interest in chess.(对于11岁的国际象棋天才Reyaansh Chakrabarty而言，网飞剧集《后翼弃兵》点燃了他对国际象棋的热爱。疫情期间，他观看了这部剧集，从此便对国际象棋产生了浓厚的兴趣。)”可知，是网飞剧集《后翼弃兵》唤起了Reyaansh Chakrabarty对国际象棋的兴趣，这部剧集讲述的是虚构人物的故事。即虚构人物的故事引起了Reyaansh对国际象棋的兴趣。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“From Western Sydney, Reyaansh, a FIDE master with a 2346 classical rating, has excited Australia’s chess world.(来自悉尼西部的Reyaansh，是国际棋联大师，古典等级分高达2346分，早已惊艳了澳大利亚国际象棋界。)”可知，Reyaansh Chakrabarty以国际棋联大师的身份和2346的古典等级分，惊艳了澳大利亚国际象棋界。故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Reyaansh wants to do more than become a Grandmaster — he dreams of being world champion. Though it’s a huge goal, he focuses on improving step by step. As a Year 6 student, he trains five hours each day and eight hours on weekends. His school supports his chess by giving less homework, but he still puts his studies first.(Reyaansh的目标不止于成为特级大师，他梦想着问鼎世界冠军。尽管这是一个宏伟的目标，但他专注于脚踏实地、循序渐进地提升自我。作为一名六年级学生，他每天坚持训练五小时，周末的训练时长更是达到八小时。学校为了支持他的国际象棋之路，特意为他减少了家庭作业量，但他始终将学业放在首位。)”可知，Reyaansh有着规律且固定的训练时长安排，能看出他遵循严格的日常作息。故选C。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“His first GM win happened when his opponent blundered in a game that was going to end in a draw.(他的首次特级大师胜绩，源于对手在一场本将以平局收场的对局中……。)”可知，这场比赛原本即将以平局收场，正是因为对手出现了失误，他才拿下了对阵特级大师的首胜。由此推断“blundered”的意思是犯错误。选项A“make a mistake”，意为“犯错误”，与此相符。故选A。 D Despite decades of indoor smoking bans and restrictions which serve to protect non-smoking people from exposure to second-hand smoke, a new research from Drexel University suggests that third-hand smoke, the chemical residue (残留物) from cigarette smoke that attaches itself to anything and anyone nearby, can make its way into the air and spread through buildings where no one is smoking. Peter DeCarlo, an atmospheric chemist at Drexel, revealed the new exposure route for third-hand smoke—through aerosol particles (气溶胶颗粒) which are common particles suspended in the air—they come from various sources and are harmful to health. “In an empty classroom, where smoking has not been allowed, we found that 29 percent of the entire indoor aerosol mass contained third-hand smoke chemical species. This shocked us and raised many questions about how that much third-hand smoke could continue to exist in a non-smoking room,” he says. To investigate the cause of this surprising finding, DeCarlo and his coworkers first made cigarette smoke flow into a Pyrex container, allowing the smoke chemicals to stay inside. Then they made any residual smoke flow out of the container before pulling outdoor air through it to clear out any second-hand smoke. After a day, purified outdoor air was passed through the container and the researchers measured the chemical composition of the aerosol particles it acquired and compared it to outdoor air that hadn’t passed through the container. They found a 13 percent increase in third-hand smoke chemical species in the air that went through the Pyrex container, which meant that, though it seemed as though the smoke had cleared, a chemical residue still existed and found a way to attach itself to passing aerosol particles. This means that the discovery was by no means unique to that classroom; in fact, it’s likely quite a widespread phenomenon. “While most people expect that they’ ll be exposed to air pollution from cars, or other chemicals in low concentrations when they’ re outside—they tend to think that they’ re escaping all that when they step indoors,” DeCarlo says. “Understanding that we are constantly exposed to these chemicals, even in our workplaces, is a challenge to communicate to the public.” 32. What does the research show? A. Third-hand smoke spreads widely. B. Smoking bans function well. C. Smoke residue exists temporarily. D. Indoor smoking is strictly restricted. 33. Why was the discovery in the classroom surprising? A. Smoking was permitted there. B. New aerosol particles appeared there. C. Chemical species there raised a debate. D. Partial aerosol particles there carried smoke. 34. How did the researchers carry out the study? A. By observing chemicals in the lab. B. By comparing indoor and outdoor air. C. By modeling third-hand smoke exposure. D. By measuring air quality in containers. 35. What does DeCarlo imply in the last paragraph? A. People face new working challenges. B. Their discovery is against expectations. C. Smoke exposure raises widespread concerns. D. Staying indoors frees people from air pollution. 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了研究表明，三手烟能通过气溶胶颗粒在无烟建筑内传播。研究发现，即使在禁烟的空教室中，29%的室内气溶胶质量含三手烟化学物质。实验显示，经处理的空气中三手烟化学物质增加了13%，说明化学残留物会附着在气溶胶颗粒上。这提示该现象可能很普遍，人们在室内也可能持续暴露于这些有害化学物质，这对公众认知构成挑战。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Despite decades of indoor smoking bans and restrictions which serve to protect non-smoking people from exposure to second-hand smoke, a new research from Drexel University suggests that third-hand smoke, the chemical residue (残留物)from cigarette smoke that attaches itself to anything and anyone nearby, can make its way into the air and spread through buildings where no one is smoking. (尽管几十年来，为了保护不吸烟的人免受二手烟的危害，室内禁烟令和限制措施一直在实施，但德雷塞尔大学（Drexel University）的一项新研究表明，三手烟，即香烟烟雾中的化学残留物，附着在附近的任何东西和任何人身上，可以进入空气，并在没有人吸烟的建筑物中传播。)”可知，德雷塞尔大学（Drexel University）的一项新研究表明三手烟广泛传播。故选A。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的““In an empty classroom, where smoking has not been allowed, we found that 29 percent of the entire indoor aerosol mass contained third-hand smoke chemical species. This shocked us and raised many questions about how that much third-hand smoke could continue to exist in a non-smoking room,” he says. (“在一个不允许吸烟的空教室里，我们发现29%的室内气溶胶含有三手烟化学物质。他说：“这让我们感到震惊，并提出了许多问题，那么多三手烟怎么会继续存在于一个禁烟的房间里。”)”可知，这个发现之所以令人惊讶，是因为在那个教室里，尽管吸烟是被禁止的，但研究者们发现室内气溶胶质量中有29%含有三手烟化学物质，这意味着部分气溶胶颗粒携带了烟雾的化学残留物。这与人们通常认为的在禁烟场所室内空气应该是清洁的、不含烟雾化学物质的预期相违背。故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“To investigate the cause of this surprising finding, DeCarlo and his coworkers first made cigarette smoke flow into a Pyrex container, allowing the smoke chemicals to stay inside. Then they made any residual smoke flow out of the container before pulling outdoor air through it to clear out any second-hand smoke. After a day, purified outdoor air was passed through the container and the researchers measured the chemical composition of the aerosol particles it acquired and compared it to outdoor air that hadn’t passed through the container. (为了调查这一惊人发现的原因，DeCarlo和他的同事们首先让香烟烟雾流入一个耐热玻璃容器，让烟雾中的化学物质留在里面。然后，他们让剩余的烟从容器中流出，然后将室外空气从容器中抽出，以清除任何二手烟。一天后，净化过的室外空气通过容器，研究人员测量了它获得的气溶胶颗粒的化学成分，并将其与未通过容器的室外空气进行了比较。)”可知，研究人员通过建模三手烟暴露来进行研究的。故选C。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“This means that the discovery was by no means unique to that classroom; in fact, it’s likely quite a widespread phenomenon. “While most people expect that they’ ll be exposed to air pollution from cars, or other chemicals in low concentrations when they’ re outside - they tend to think that they’ re escaping all that when they step indoors,” DeCarlo says. “Understanding that we are constantly exposed to these chemicals, even in our workplaces, is a challenge to communicate to the public.” (这意味着这一发现绝非仅限于那个教室；实际上，这很可能是一种相当普遍的现象。“虽然大多数人预期他们在户外时会接触到汽车尾气或其他低浓度的化学物质——他们倾向于认为当他们走进室内时就摆脱了所有这些，”DeCarlo说。“理解到我们即使在工作场所也不断暴露于这些化学物质中，向公众传达这一点是一个挑战。”)”可知，从这段话中可以分析出，DeCarlo暗示人们通常认为进入室内可以逃避室外的空气污染，但实际上，即使在室内，人们仍然会暴露于三手烟等有害化学物质中。这与人们的预期相反，说明他们的发现是出乎意料的。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Finding motivation to exercise can be the greatest challenge in working out. ____36____? One way of achieving this could be opting for types of exercise that fit our personality. We found that our personality can influence how we engage with exercise. ____37____. When we design and recommend physical activity programs, understanding personality factors is very important. This is because it helps determine how successful the program will be, and whether people will stick with it and become fitter. ____38____. This shapes our behaviors and how we interact with the world around us. Therefore, it makes sense that personality would affect how we react to different levels of exercise intensity. For example, people scoring high on extraversion (外向) enjoyed high intensity sessions with others around, including team sports. On the contrary, people scoring high on neuroticism (神经质) preferred private workouts. The most important part about exercising is finding something we enjoy and not being discouraged if we don’t immediately find it It’s OK if we don’t enjoy a particular session. ____39____. We hope that if people can find physical activities that they enjoy, they will more readily choose to do them. After all, we don’t have to force dogs to go for a walk: Being so physically inactive that we start to feel miserable might be a peculiarly human thing to do. ____40____. But for some reason, many of us humans seem poor at picking up on these messages it is sending to our brain. A. We can try something else. B. Our brains work differently. C. Doing exercise is essential for our health. D. But why not try other different workouts instead? E. But what if working out could be more enjoyable? F. In effect, our body punishes us by making us miserable. G. And it also affects which forms of exercise we enjoy the most. 【答案】36. E 37. G 38. B 39. A 40. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文指出找锻炼动力是难题，提出选择契合性格的运动可让其更愉悦，说明性格（源于大脑差异）影响运动偏好，建议不喜欢就换，还提到身体会通过痛苦惩罚久坐的人。 【36题详解】 前文“Finding motivation to exercise can be the greatest challenge in working out.( 找到锻炼的动力可能是进行锻炼时面临的最大挑战。)”提出“找运动动力是最大挑战”，后文“One way of achieving this could be opting for types of exercise that fit our personality.( 一种实现这一目标的方法可能是选择适合我们个性的运动类型。)”给出解决办法“选择契合性格的运动类型”，空处需为承上启下的设问，衔接“挑战”与“让运动更愉悦的解决思路”。E项“But what if working out could be more enjoyable?( 但倘若运动能变得更有趣呢？)”以设问引出下文，且“more enjoyable”呼应后文契合性格的运动能带来的体验。故选E项。 【37题详解】 前文“We found that our personality can influence how we engage with exercise.( 我们发现，我们的性格会影响我们参与锻炼的方式。)”提出“性格会影响我们参与运动的方式”，后文“When we design and recommend physical activity programs, understanding personality factors is very important.( 当我们设计并推荐体育活动项目时，了解个性因素非常重要。)”强调“设计运动计划时理解性格很重要”，空处需递进说明性格对运动的另一层影响，衔接前后文的“性格和运动”关联。G 项“And it also affects which forms of exercise we enjoy the most.( 而且它还会影响我们最喜欢哪种运动形式。)”是前文的递进，“which forms of exercise we enjoy the most” 呼应后文“选择契合的运动、坚持执行”的核心，逻辑连贯。故选G项。 【38题详解】 后文“This shapes our behaviors and how we interact with the world around us. Therefore, it makes sense that personality would affect how we react to different levels of exercise intensity.( 这塑造了我们的行为以及我们与周围世界互动的方式。因此，从逻辑上讲，个性会影响我们对不同强度锻炼反应的方式。)”提到“这塑造了我们的行为和与世界互动的方式，因此性格会影响对运动强度的反应”，空处需为核心观点句，解释“性格影响运动选择”的根源，且“this”需指代空处内容。B 项“Our brains work differently.( 我们的大脑运作方式各不相同。)”是后文“行为、互动方式、运动偏好差异”的根源，“this”指代大脑运作的差异，符合语境。故选B项。 【39题详解】 前文“The most important part about exercising is finding something we enjoy and not being discouraged if we don’t immediately find it. It’s OK if we don’t enjoy a particular session.( 锻炼最重要的部分是找到我们喜欢的事情，并且如果一开始找不到也不要气馁。如果我们不喜欢某一次的活动也没关系。)”强调“运动的关键是找到喜欢的类型，没立刻找到也别气馁，不喜欢某类运动很正常”，空处需为承接上文的建议，给出“不喜欢时的做法”。A 项“We can try something else.( 我们可以试试别的运动。)”贴合前文“不气馁、继续寻找” 的态度，简单直接，符合语境。故选A项。 【40题详解】 前文“After all, we don’t have to force dogs to go for a walk: Being so physically inactive that we start to feel miserable might be a peculiarly human thing to do.( 毕竟，我们不必强迫狗去散步：过于缺乏运动以至于感到不适这种行为可能是人类特有的表现。)”将人类与动物对比 “不用强迫狗狗散步，人类却会因久坐不动感到痛苦”，后文“But for some reason, many of us humans seem poor at picking up on these messages it is sending to our brain.( 但出于某种原因，我们很多人似乎难以领会它传递给大脑的这些信息。)”说“人类似乎不擅长接收身体给大脑的信号”，空处需衔接“身体痛苦”与“信号”，说明身体对久坐的反应。F项“In effect, our body punishes us by making us miserable.( 事实上，我们的身体会通过让我们感到痛苦来惩罚我们。)”贴合前文“feel miserable”，且呼应后文“身体向大脑发送的信号”，逻辑衔接紧密。故选F项。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My name is Goodluck. I didn’t realize how ____41____ the name was until I traveled to America to continue my education when I was 19. I thought it would be easy for people to hear and remember — ___42___, it’s something people say to each other. But instead, it was met with repetition and ____43____. I had to spell it out, repeat it, and explain I was not ____44____. Names like Precious, Beauty, or Prince were ____45____ back in Nigeria, where names are more than words — they’re ____46____. Some reflect the circumstances of birth, while others are ____47____ for the child’s future. I was ____48____ called by my first name throughout high school. My teachers and friends called me by my last name, Kzula. My parents used a native nickname, Nkem, which means “mine”. Whenever they use my first name, it ____49____ I’m in trouble. I couldn’t understand why something normal back home needed so much ____50____ in the US. But I also consider myself ____51____. I never had to change my name to fit in, nor did I need to shorten or replace it with another less ____52____ name. The name has become part of me now. It’s the first thing people learn about me, and sometimes the first thing they ____53____ about me. But it’s also one of the few things I’ve carried unchanged. In a new country, my name has connected me to where I’m from, and it’s a ____54____ that home isn’t something I ____55____ it’s something I carry with me. 41. A. terrible B. different C. amazing D. convenient 42. A. for sure B. so what C. on average D. after all 43. A. disbelief B. disagreement C. comfort D. criticism 44. A. laughing B. greeting C. lying D. joking 45. A. unique B. common C. plain D. strange 46. A. records B. notes C. messages D. comments 47. A. promises B. blessings C. claims D. warnings 48. A. rarely B. never C. regularly D. often 49. A. confirms B. means C. misleads D. responds 50. A. classification B. attention C. explanation D. intention 51. A. lucky B. inspired C. kind D. calm 52. A. familiar B. disturbing C. funny D. striking 53. A. care B. argue C. say D. question 54. A. reminder B. sign C. symbol D. standard 55. A. crossed out B. looked for C. left behind D. belonged to 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. D 54. A 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者来自尼日利亚，在19岁前往美国求学后，自己的名字“Goodluck”在当地引发了一系列趣事与思考，最终领悟到名字是连接自己与家乡的纽带，它提醒着自己：家不是被留在身后的东西，而是被随身携带的存在。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到19岁去美国继续求学时，我才意识到这个名字有多么不同。A. terrible糟糕的；B. different不同的；C. amazing令人惊叹的；D. convenient方便的。 根据下文“I couldn’t understand why something normal back home needed so much   in the US”可知，在尼日利亚常见的名字到了美国却需要解释，变得与众不同。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查副词短语辨析。句意：我原以为人们会很容易听到并记住它——毕竟，这是人们互相说的一句话。A. for sure无疑；B. so what那又怎样；C. on average平均；D. after all毕竟。根据上文“I thought it would be easy for people to hear and remember”可知，作者解释自己这么想的原因，用“after all”用于补充说明理由，衔接逻辑最合理。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但相反，它得到的是重复和怀疑。A. disbelief怀疑；B. disagreement分歧；C. comfort安慰；D. criticism批评。根据下文“I had to spell it out, repeat it”，人们不相信这是作者的名字，因此需要反复解释。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不拼写它、重复它，并解释我不是在开玩笑。A. laughing笑；B. greeting问候；C. lying撒谎；D. joking开玩笑。 根据上文“it was met with repetition and ”和“I had to spell it out, repeat it, and explain I was not”可知，作者需要解释自己的名字是真的，不是在开玩笑。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像Precious、Beauty或Prince这样的名字在尼日利亚很常见，在那里名字不仅仅是词语——它们是承载着寓意的信息。A. unique独特的；B. common常见的；C. plain朴素的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“back in Nigeria, where names are more than words”，前文说作者的名字在尼日利亚很正常，所以这类寓意式的名字在当地是常见的。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：像Precious、Beauty或Prince这样的名字在尼日利亚很常见，在那里名字不仅仅是词语——它们是承载着寓意的信息。A. records记录；B. notes笔记；C. messages信息；D. comments评论。根据下文“Some reflect the circumstances of birth”可知，这些名字承载着特定的寓意和信息。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些反映出生时的境遇，而另一些则是对孩子未来的祝福。 A. promises承诺；B. blessings祝福；C. claims宣称；D. warnings警告。 根据下文“for the child’s future”可知，尼日利亚的名字往往包含对孩子未来的美好期许，也就是祝福。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：高中时我很少被直呼我的名字。A. rarely很少；B. never从不；C. regularly定期地；D. often经常。根据下文“My teachers and friends called me by my last name, Kzula”，大家通常叫作者的姓，因此很少被叫名字。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当他们叫我的名字时，就意味着我有麻烦了。A. confirms确认；B. means意味着；C. misleads误导；D. responds回应。根据上文“My parents used a native nickname, Nkem, which means “mine”. Whenever they use my first name”和下文“I’m in trouble”可知，作者很少被直呼其名，所以当父母叫名字时，就意味着有不好的事发生。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不明白为什么在国内很正常的事，在美国却需要这么多解释。A. classification分类；B. attention注意；C. explanation解释；D. intention意图。 根据前文“I had to spell it out, repeat it, and explain”可知，作者在美国需要反复解释自己的名字。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我也认为自己很幸运。A. lucky幸运的；B. inspired受启发的；C. kind善良的；D. calm冷静的。 根据下文“I never had to change my name to fit in”，作者不需要为了融入而改名，因此觉得自己很幸运。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既不需要改名来融入，也不需要用一个不那么引人注目的名字来缩短或替换它。A. familiar熟悉的；B. disturbing令人不安的；C. funny有趣的；D. striking引人注目的。根据上文“I never had to change my name to fit in, nor did I need to shorten or replace it with another less”可知，作者的名字在美国因特别而引人注意，此处指不用换成不那么惹眼的名字。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是人们了解我的第一件事，有时也是他们质疑我的第一件事。A. care关心；B. argue争论；C. say说；D. question质疑。根据上文“something normal back home needed so much in the US”可知，前文描述美国人对作者名字的怀疑态度，所以此处指人们会因这个特别的名字而质疑作者。故选D。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个新的国家，我的名字把我和我的家乡联系在一起，它提醒我：家不是我留在身后的东西，而是我随身携带的东西。A. reminder提醒；B. sign标志；C. symbol象征；D. standard标准。 根据上文“my name has connected me to where I’m from”可知，名字起到了提醒作者关于家的意义的作用。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个新的国家，我的名字把我和我的家乡联系在一起，它提醒我：家不是我留在身后的东西，而是我随身携带的东西。A. crossed out划掉；B. looked for寻找；C. left behind留在身后；D. belonged to属于。根据下文“it’s something I carry with me”，这里是对比“留在身后”和“随身携带”，家不是作者留在身后的东西，而是作者随身携带的东西。故选C。 第II卷(非选择题，共55分) 注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I tell people that I work at the Space Research Center, I almost always get a surprised look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I work with…the astronauts? Since January 2023, right before the launch of a new satellite to study pulsars, I have been assisting the researchers at the center, ____56____ are passionate about unraveling the mysteries of the cosmos, to feel more comfortable ____57____ confident in their understanding of space exploration. And who do they collaborate ____58____? Not the astronauts, even though. The primary language for the research papers ____59____ delve into the complexities of pulsar emissions and their impact on space-time, is actually English. They engage with the influx of international scientists and ____60____ (visit) experts who often come to analyze the data collected by the satellite, which is orbiting the Earth. They also need to be prepared to give ____61____ (presentation) in English at international conferences, where they share their groundbreaking discoveries about pulsar phenomena with the global scientific community. This is ____62____ they need an astrophysics instructor. So, what are they learning? ____63____ (basic), how to interpret the signals from distant pulsars. It’s been fascinating to watch the space research develop ____64____ to see the scientists delve deeper into the mysteries of the universe. As a child, I always _____65_____ (dream) of exploring outer space. Now, I’m fulfilling that dream indirectly by assisting the researchers with their English. 【答案】56. who 57. and 58. with 59. that##which 60. visiting 61. presentations 62. why 63. Basically 64. and 65. dreamed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在太空研究中心的工作经历，帮助研究人员提高英语水平，以便更好地进行国际交流与合作。 【56题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：从2023年1月发射脉冲星新卫星之前开始，我一直在协助中心热衷于解开宇宙奥秘的研究人员，让他们对太空探索的理解更加舒适和自信。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为the researchers，指人，关系词在作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【57题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：从2023年1月发射脉冲星新卫星之前开始，我一直在协助中心热衷于解开宇宙奥秘的研究人员，让他们对太空探索的理解更加舒适和自信。设空处连接comfortable和confident，表示并列关系，不存在转折或选择关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【58题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们与谁合作？固定搭配collaborate with sb“与某人合作”。故填with。 59题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：研究脉冲星发射的复杂性及其对时空影响的论文的主要语言实际上是英语。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词为the research papers，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或者which引导。故填that或which。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们与大量涌入的国际科学家和访问专家接触，这些专家经常来分析这颗绕地球运行的卫星收集的数据。空处为非谓语动词，visit与expert为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填visiting 【61题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：他们还需要准备在国际会议上用英语发言，在那里他们与全球科学界分享他们关于脉冲星现象的突破性发现。presentation为可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填presentations。 【62题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要天体物理学讲师的原因。此处引导表语从句，表示“为什么”强调结果，应用连接副词why引导。故填why。 【63题详解】 考查副词。句意：基本上，他们学习如何解读来自遥远脉冲星的信号。此处修饰整个句子，表示“基本上”，应用副词basically，作状语，置于句，首字母大写。故填Basically。 【64题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：看着太空研究的发展，看到科学家们更深入地探索宇宙的奥秘，这非常有趣。设空处连接watch和see，表示并列关系，不存在转折或选择关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【65题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：小时候，我一直梦想着探索外太空。根据As a child可知，设空处描述过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故填dreamed。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，你的留学生同学Peter在你市举办的“中国传统文化知识竞赛(Chinese Traditional Culture Knowledge Contest)”中获得外国选手组一等奖。请你给他写一封信，内容包括： 1.祝贺； 2.回顾他的付出和努力； 3.期待他为弘扬中国文化做出贡献。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Peter, Learning your winning the first prize in the category for foreign contestants in the Chinese Traditional Culture Knowledge Contest organized by our city, I'm writing to extend my sincere congratulations to you. It came as no surprise, for you are keenly interested in Chinese culture and have been continuously exploring it. Not only did you refer to abundant resources, but also you consulted many locals and professionals, which equipped you with a comprehensive knowledge and good command of Chinese culture. Congratulate you on your success again and I hope you can devote yourself to spreading the Chinese culture and make it more accessible to people around the world. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。请考生就Peter在你市举办的“中国传统文化知识竞赛(Chinese Traditional Culture Knowledge Contest)”中获得外国选手组一等奖，写一封信。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 表达；致以：extend→express 探索：explore→probe into 查阅；参考：refer to→consult 全面的：comprehensive→thorough 2.句式拓展： 同义句 原句：Learning your winning the first prize in the category for foreign contestants in the Chinese Traditional Culture Knowledge Contest organized by our city I'm writing to extend my sincere congratulations to you. 拓展句：When I learned that you won the first prize in in the category for foreign contestants in the Chinese Traditional Culture Knowledge Contest which was organized by our city, I'm writing to express my sincere congratulations to you. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Learning your winning the first prize in the category for foreign contestants in the Chinese Traditional Culture Knowledge Contest organized by our city, I'm writing to extend my sincere congratulations to you.(运用了现在分词作状语以及that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型 2】Not only did you refer to abundant resources, but also you consulted many locals and professionals, which equipped you with a comprehensive knowledge and good command of Chinese culture.(运用部分倒装和which引导的非限定性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Hurricane Ian hit Florida, it was a powerful hurricane that brought with it disastrous flooding, winds, and a record-breaking violent storm. Many Naples, Florida residents like Karen Lauder refused to leave their homes because they underestimated the intensity of the storm. Karen is 84 years old and relies on a wheelchair to get around because she is missing a leg. Her son, Johnny Lauder, tried repeatedly to get her to leave, but she refused. Johnny and his whole family lived within a few blocks of one another. His wife was out of town during the storm, so the delivery driver and former police officer decided to stay at his son’s house. They kept in constant touch with Karen as the storm raged outside, watching the water rising dangerously all around them. When Karen reported that the water in her house had reached her belly button, he knew he had to take action. First, Johnny ensured his son and their pets were taken care of. He made everyone climb inside the attic (阁楼), gave them supplies and water, and made sure they had a way to cut through the roof if the water continued to rise. Then, he dove out of a window and began to swim in the street, where cars were floating past him with dangerous currents. During his time as a police officer in Chicago, Illinois, Johnny worked as a rescue diver. He was obviously a strong swimmer, but the flood water was filled with harmful materials. There was also a strong current, and he had to swim against it for most of his trip to Karen’s. As he made his way through the water, Johnny stopped periodically to take selfies to show his worried family that he was okay. He also grabbed helpful items he passed along the way, including a life preserver, a kickboard, and a kayak (皮艇). 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Johnny was racing against the clock. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Karen was shaking like a leaf, so Johnny found some clean sheets and wrapped her up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Johnny was racing against the clock. Every second counted as the water continued to rise. Finally, after what felt like an eternity, he reached Karen’s house. The front door was locked, but fortunately, a window on the side was slightly open. He squeezed through the narrow gap, coughing and spluttering as the dirty water lapped at his face. He found Karen sitting on her wheelchair, terrified and helpless. With great effort, he lifted her onto his back and swam back out, fighting the strong currents all the way. Karen was shaking like a leaf, so Johnny found some clean sheets and wrapped her up. He tried to calm her down, reassuring her that everything would be alright. They made their way to the kayak he had found earlier, and with some difficulty, managed to get Karen inside. Paddling through the flooded streets was exhausting, but Johnny’s determination kept him going. Eventually, they reached a safe shelter where medical personnel were waiting to assist them. Karen was taken care of, and Johnny finally allowed himself to breathe a sigh of relief. 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了佛罗里达州遭遇飓风“伊恩”袭击时，一位名叫约翰尼·劳德的前警察和送货司机，在危机时刻勇敢救出他84岁且行动不便的母亲凯伦·劳德的故事。凯伦因低估风暴强度而拒绝撤离家园，随着洪水不断上涨，约翰尼在确保儿子和宠物安全后，毅然决然地跳入洪水中，利用自己曾是救援潜水员的技能，克服重重困难，最终成功将母亲救出，并在此过程中不断向家人报平安，展现了亲情的力量和个人的英勇无畏。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“约翰尼在与时间赛跑。”可知，第一段可描写约翰尼找到凯伦的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“凯伦抖得像一片叶子，所以约翰尼找了一些干净的床单把她裹起来。”可知，第二段可描写约翰尼安慰凯伦并成功找到了安全的避难所。 2.续写线索：克服困难，找到凯伦——游出房子——安慰凯伦——找到皮划艇——到达避难所——感到宽慰 3.词汇激活 行为类 举起：lift/hold up 尝试做某事：try to do sth/attempt to do sth 成功做某事：manage to do sth/succeed in doing sth 照顾：take care of/attend to 情绪类 恐惧的：terrified/frightened 无助的：helpless/unassisted 【点睛】[高分句型1] With great effort, he lifted her onto his back and swam back out, fighting the strong currents all the way.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] Finally, after what felt like an eternity, he reached Karen’s house.（运用了what引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。I only slept four hours. I'm exhausted. My jobs so demanding. Most people need at least six hours, but as a mom, you should get eight. Don't work too much. I only slept . four hours. I'm exhausted. My jobs so demanding. Most people need at least six hours, but as a mom, you should get eight. Don't work too much. Listen to the next question. Have you given the proposal to miss Davis yet? I tried this morning, but SHE wasn't satisfied with the financial analysis. I have to redo the numbers and submit IT again tomorrow. Again, that's the third time. Tell me about IT. Nothing seems to meet her standards lately. Listen to the next question. What is IT? What does the painter want to express? The staff in this gallery must have put IT upside down. No wonder we can't understand IT. Oh, you're right. The authors name is upside down. What is IT? What does the painter want to express? The staff in this gallery must have put IT upside down. No wonder we can't understand. IT. Oh, you're right. The author's name is upside down. Listen to the next question. Why didn't you come to school yesterday? I had a headache and had . to see a doctor. Why didn't you come to school yesterday? I had a headache and had to see a doctor. Listen to the next question. IT is said to be the largest in texas. I hear IT was made for multiple uses. IT can be used for all types of athletic competitions. IT is also used for concerts. Is IT true that you can see an audience of fifty . thousand at once? That's right. IT is said to be the largest in texas. I hear IT was made for multiple uses. IT can be used for all types of athletic competitions. IT is also used for concerts. Is IT true that you can see an audience of fifty thousand at once? That's . right. Listen to the next question. Sally, you got a great painting in your office is in a gift for this year's birthday. I'm glad you like IT. Actually, it's a mother's day gift from . my daughter. Wow, current does have an eye for art. Does he work in the art field? SHE used to work as an assistant to a painter, but recently he has just joined an advertising company and works as a creative director. That sounds interesting. Her boss must think very highly of her. yes, and her bosses, just like ours, whose friendly and treats the staff well. Sally, you've got a great painting in your office is in a gift for this year's birthday. I'm glad you like IT. Actually, it's a mother's day gift . from my daughter. Wow, current does have an eye for art. Does he work in the art field? SHE used to work as an assistant to a painter, but recently SHE has just joined an advertising company and works as a creative director. That sounds interesting. Her boss must think very highly of her. yes. And her boss is just like ours, whose friendly and treats the staff well. Listen to the next question. How are you feeling about the volley bowl next week? Your teams done brilliantly to get into the final? Yeah, everyone's pretty convinced will be bringing home the winners cup. So we'll be loads more fans at the game then we're used to. So will there be any chAllenges? Well, the team were playing against is a bit of an unknown quantity. We don't really know what they're capable love. I mean, if they happen to be on top form as they were earlier in the tournament, we may struggle. How are you feeling about the volleyball next week? Your teams done brilliantly to get into the final? Yeah, everyone's pretty convinced will be bringing home the winners cup. So we'll be loads more fans at the game then we're used to. So will there be any chAllenges? Well, the team were playing against is a bit of an unknown quantity. We don't really know what they're capable love. I mean, if they happen to be on top form as they were earlier in the tournament, we may struggle. Listen to the next question. I just checked and we're in the right place. However, this secretary says they're running twenty minutes behind schedule. Oh, great. So I won't be called into the office until at least two thirty five PM. See, I told you we didn't need to set off so early. The letter said we need to arrive ten minutes before the appointment time. That's right now. Besides, IT can take half an hour to find somewhere . to park here. You're right, safe than sorry. Are you nervous? No, they're just talking me through the procedure today. I can't believe . you are letting a robot cut your new open. You don't even trust the driver list technology. Well, it's a robot assisted Operation. The human with the medical degree is still in control. I was reading about sixty the other day. Apparently it'll be so fast that it'll make online Operations possible. Wow, so someone could Operate on me from the other side of the world. HMM, no, thanks. Hey, IT could be a game changer for people living in remote areas. That's true. I just checked, and we're in the right place. However, the secretary says they are running twenty minutes behind schedule. Oh, great. So I won't be called into the office until at least two thirty five P. M. C. I told you we didn't need to set off so early. The letter said we need to arrive ten minutes before the appointment time. That's right now. Besides, IT can take half an hour to find somewhere to park here. You're right. Better safe than sorry. Are you nervous? No, they're just talking me through the procedure today. I can't believe you're letting a robot cut your new open. You don't even trust the driver list technology. Well, it's a robot assisted Operation. The human with the medical degree is still in control. I was reading about sixty the other day. Apparently it'll be so fast that it'll make online Operations possible. Wow, so someone could Operate on me from the other side of the world? HMM, no, thanks. Hey, IT could be a game changer for people living . in remote areas. That's true. Listen to the next question. Mister Brown, what important festivals do you have in your country, apart from the ones that i've known. early may bank holiday, spring bank holiday, summer bank holiday and so on? These are all public holidays celebrated throughout the U. K. We also have shakespeare day, but IT isn't a public holiday. Why are there so many days called bank holidays? Originally, these were the days on which the banks were closed. Now most businesses and non essential services like banks close on these days. What about shakespeare . day is a holiday for fans and enthusiast of William shakespeare. When is the holiday IT . falls on April the twenty third each year. How do people celebrate the day? Well, there are many different kinds of celebrations. People can watch a shake experience spired movie, take a speech or passage to memorize or meet with other shakest fans and share their favorite shakespeare moments with each other. Do you celebrate this holiday every year? Yes, but it's a pity that I haven't got a chance to go back and celebrate IT ever since I came to china two years ago. Mister Brown, what important festivals do you have in your country, apart from the ones that i've known. early may bank holiday, spring bank holiday, summer bank holiday and so on? These are all public holidays celebrated throughout the U. K. We also have shakespeare day, but IT isn't a public holiday. Why are there so many days called bank holidays? Originally, these were the days on which the banks were closed. Now most businesses and non essential services like banks close on these days. What about shakespeare . day is a holiday for fans and enthusiast of the shakespeare. When is the holiday . IT falls on April the twenty third each year. How do people celebrate the day? Well, there are many different kinds of celebrations. People can watch a shake experience spired movie, take a speech or passage to memorize or meet with other, shake your fans and share their favorite shakespeare moments with each other. Do you celebrate this holiday every year? Yes, but it's a pity that I haven't got a chance to go back and celebrated ever since I came to china two years ago. Listen to the next question. Good morning, and welcome to city football club. I'd like to give you some useful information about your visit to the stadium today, and then we'll start the tour. I can see lots of children here today, so just to let mum's and dads know a few things. The stadium has lots of stairs and the players tunnel is very dark. Please don't let your children wander off on their own even for a minute. We don't want any accidents or anyone getting frightened. Cameras are permitted everywhere, and you can take pictures of your child taking a shot. It's very hot and Sunny out on the field today. You can get food and drink at the cafe, and I really recommend that healthy lunch boxes for children. Also in the cafe, children are invited to do a football teemed drawing. We'll pick the best one at the end of the afternoon, so don't forget to put your name and contact details on the back. That way, if you've left the stadium before, then we'll send your prize. But sadly, we can't return drawings. Good morning, and welcome to city football club. I'd like to give you some useful information about your visit to the stadium today, and then we'll start the tour. I can see lots of children here today, so just to let mum's and dads know a few things. The stadium has lots of stairs and the players tunnel is very dark. Please don't let your children wander off on their own even for a minute. We don't want any accidents or anyone getting frightened. Cameras are permitted everywhere, and you can take pictures of your child taking a shot. It's very hot and Sunny out on the field today. You can get food and drink at the cafe, and I really recommend that healthy lunch boxes for children. Also in the cafe, children are invited to do a football teemed drawing. We'll pick the best one at the end of the afternoon, so don't forget to put your name and contact details on the back. That way, if you've left the stadium before that, we'll send your prize. But sadly, we can't return drawings. 听力部分到此结束。 高2023级高三第二学期开学测试英语 本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷由第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)组成，共10页;答题卡共2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第I卷(选择题，共95分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What do the man’s words mean? A. The woman should quit her job. B. The woman should get more sleep. C. Most people only need six hours of sleep. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man imply about his boss? A. She is hard to please. B. She is on a business trip. C. She will be promoted soon. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A painting. B. The gallery staff. C. The painter’s name. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why was the man absent yesterday? A. He was ill. B. He went traveling. C. He forgot the time. 5. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A stadium. B. A concert hall. C. A sports event. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. When did Sally get the painting? A. On her birthday. B. On Mother’s Day. C. On Christmas Day. 7. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Father and daughter. C. Boss and assistant. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is people’s attitude toward the man’s team? A. Critical. B. Confident. C. Uncertain. 9. What does the man see as the main challenge? A. His team’s unstable performances. B. The opponents’ unpredictable strength. C. Pressure from increased fan expectations. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Where are the speakers probably? A. In the doctor’s office. B. In a waiting room. C. In a parking lot. 11. What time might it be now? A. 2:05 p.m. B. 2:15 p.m. C. 2:25 p.m. 12. What do we know about the man? A. He’s unable to drive a car. B. He’s a graduate in medicine. C. He doubts new technology. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Where is the man from? A. Canada. B. The UK. C. The USA. 14. What does the man say about bank holidays? A. People don’t deal with business on these days. B. The banks don’t open on these days. C. The bank services are free on these days. 15. How do people celebrate Shakespeare Day? A. Enjoy a related movie. B. Hold a special party. C. Record Shakespeare’s words. 16. When did the man last celebrate Shakespeare Day? A. Two years ago. B. Last year. C. Last month. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the speaker mainly doing at the beginning? A. Introducing City Football Club. B. Providing tips for the stadium visit. C. Inviting visitors to a football match. 18 Why does the speaker remind parents about the players’ tunnel? A. Too crowded for children. B. Dark, maybe causing fear. C. Only open to adult visitors. 19. What should the drawings be about? A. Football. B. The stadium. C. The cafe. 20. What should children do to enter the drawing competition? A. Finish the drawing before the tour really starts. B. Submit the drawing to the tour guides directly. C. Add contact information on the back of the drawing. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Sometimes, we need a little help and get back to a state of mindfulness when it comes to taking care of our physical and mental health. Wellness vacations are on the rise. ■ Ketanga Fitness When: April 6-10 Where: Phoenix, Arizona What: Sweat it out surrounded by the red rocks of Arizona’s desert. P. E. Club owner Nedra Lopez leads a mixture of high and low intensity workouts in the mornings and evenings. During breaks, guests will have plenty of time to explore the desert. After your last workout class, you can hit the town for dinner and drinks. ■ Rksolid Retreat When: April 15-22 Where: Oahu, Hawaii What: What better excuses to relax yourself in Hawaii than a retreat led by Barry’s Bootcamp star Rebecca Kennedy? During your week-long journey to Oahu, you’ll surf, climb waterfalls, and hike the Stairway to Heaven trail. In between all those workouts, Kennedy creates a special stretch and recovery class so you won’t skip a beat next day. ■ Wellness Immersion When: August Where: Amanbagh, India What: The Amanbagh hotel offers 4-21 day programs focusing on immersion courses that focus on relieving pressure from people’s body. Activities include hikes overlooking beautiful gorges, yoga and meditation sessions, and meals made with organic, locally harvested produce. ■ Mi le High Run Club When: August 18-28 Where: Reykjavik, Iceland What: After landing in Reykjavik, runners can work towards their best time in the annual marathon, half marathon, or 10K. After a race, you’ll soothe your muscles in the geothermal Blue Lagoon spa and hit the ground running again with guided runs through Thorsmork National Park. Do we even have to mention Skaftafell’s crazy glacier views? 21. Which vacation will you choose if you want to visit desert? A. Rksolid Retreat. B. Ketanga Fitness. C. Wellness Immersion. D. Mile High Run Club. 22 What do the four vacations have in common? A. They are combinations of wellness and scenery. B. Courses and classes are arranged during them. C. They are available all year round. D. Men are the target vacationers. 23. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To promote marathon events. B. To advertise some P. E. clubs. C. To attract more tourists to America. D. To introduce some wellness vacations. B Deep within Rio Doce State Park, in Brazil’s remote Atlantic Forest, photographer Fernando Faciole set up two camera traps. He returned every 45 days to change the batteries and check the memory cards. His patience—and willingness to deal with a lot of near-bites from the forest’s ticks—paid off. Fewer than a dozen jaguars(美洲豹) are thought to live in the area after years of deforestation. Faciole would have been lucky to get any pictures of them, let alone one so attractively posed. “It was the perfect position, with the jaguar looking at the camera, the tail, the framing,” he says. “It was super special for me.” Faciole’s jaguar portrait is one of the top wildlife photos of 2025, chosen by the photography staff at National Geographic, a famous magazine. These photos take us to unique environments worldwide and show us rare views of animals both familiar and unusual. Other photographers also captured special moments. For example, Ronan Donovan photographed a beaver gnawing a tree, showing how these animals help fireproof land and protect ecosystems from climate change. Thomas Peschack caught the motion of a meerkat(灰沼狸), while Takura Ishiguro captured a Japanese giant mantis attacking a lizard. Such photos can also be important for science. Underwater photographer Linda Ianniello’s pictures revealed fish using anemones as shields, a surprising behavior not well known before. For photographers, the moment of capturing a stunning natural scene feels as powerful as an amazing moment in science. After hearing about a sperm whale carcass(动物尸体)north of the Arctic Circle, photographer Roie Galitz redirected an ice-breaker and flew a drone to take aerial shots of the whale and polar bears. “When I was flying the drone, I was shouting and cursing, just because as a photographer you get really excited,” Galitz laughs. “The day I stop being excited is the day I stop taking photos.” 24. What did Fernando Faciole do in the forest? A. He studied insect life closely. B. He took photos of wild jaguars. C. He worked to stop deforestation. D. He taught photography classes. 25. What can be inferred about the wildlife photos? A. They can promote animal protection. B. They were awarded by a magazine. C. They show diverse animal behaviors. D. They were taken in tropical forests. 26. What does the underlined word “stunning” refer to in paragraph 6? A. impressive. B. expansive. C. frightening. D. mysterious. 27 Why did Roie Galitz shout while operating the drone? A. He feared the polar bears. B. He broke the drone accidentally. C. He felt thrilled by the scene. D. He encountered a severe weather. C For 11-year-old chess talent Reyaansh Chakrabarty, the Netflix show The Queen’s Gambit (《后翼弃兵》) started his love for chess. During the pandemic (流行病), he watched the show, which aroused his interest in chess. From Western Sydney, Reyaansh, a FIDE master with a 2346 classical rating, has excited Australia’s chess world. Australian Chess Federation’s Paul Power said that Reyaansh shows great promise at a young age, adding that Australia has only 10 Grandmasters (GMs) worldwide and that though it’s hard to predict, Reyaansh is on the right way to possibly get a GM title, which would be a great honor for Australia. Reyaansh wants to do more than become a Grandmaster — he dreams of being world champion. Though it’s a huge goal, he focuses on improving step by step. As a Year 6 student, he trains five hours each day and eight hours on weekends. His school supports his chess by giving less homework, but he still puts his studies first. He practices tactics and openings strictly, looking for mistakes in his games, and has face-to-face classes with Polish GM Jacek Stopa at the Sydney Chess Academy. Reyaansh said that Stopa teaches him the careful preparation needed for the GM level and that the puzzles he gives are very hard, making him tired after each class. Reyaansh has already beaten GMs, including Australian player Darryl Johansen in Melbourne. His first GM win happened when his opponent blundered in a game that was going to end in a draw. He has played in countries like Norway and Singapore and balances chess with reading books by JK Rowling and Dog Man comics. When talking about what makes chess special, Reyaansh pointed out the game’s intensity, saying that even a game played perfectly can be lost with one mistake. Mr. Power saw more young players joining in, saying the lively interest among primary students is refreshing. Reyaansh’s main advice for others is to find love for the game, because without it, one would get bored. 28. What drew Reyaansh’s interest in chess? A. A pandemic-related activity. B. A fictional character’s story. C. A family tradition. D. A local chess competition. 29. What excited Australia’s chess world? A. Reyaansh’s high rating. B. Reyaansh’s love for chess. C. Reyaansh’s young age D. Reyaansh’s victory in Melbourne. 30. What can we infer about Reyaansh from paragraph 3? A. He prioritizes chess over schoolwork. B. He trains more on weekdays than weekends. C. He follows a strict daily routine. D. He gets tired of long-hour practice. 31. What does the underlined word “blundered” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Made a mistake. B. Gave up easily. C. Showed confidence. D. Got special permits. D Despite decades of indoor smoking bans and restrictions which serve to protect non-smoking people from exposure to second-hand smoke, a new research from Drexel University suggests that third-hand smoke, the chemical residue (残留物) from cigarette smoke that attaches itself to anything and anyone nearby, can make its way into the air and spread through buildings where no one is smoking. Peter DeCarlo, an atmospheric chemist at Drexel, revealed the new exposure route for third-hand smoke—through aerosol particles (气溶胶颗粒) which are common particles suspended in the air—they come from various sources and are harmful to health. “In an empty classroom, where smoking has not been allowed, we found that 29 percent of the entire indoor aerosol mass contained third-hand smoke chemical species. This shocked us and raised many questions about how that much third-hand smoke could continue to exist in a non-smoking room,” he says. To investigate the cause of this surprising finding, DeCarlo and his coworkers first made cigarette smoke flow into a Pyrex container, allowing the smoke chemicals to stay inside. Then they made any residual smoke flow out of the container before pulling outdoor air through it to clear out any second-hand smoke. After a day, purified outdoor air was passed through the container and the researchers measured the chemical composition of the aerosol particles it acquired and compared it to outdoor air that hadn’t passed through the container. They found a 13 percent increase in third-hand smoke chemical species in the air that went through the Pyrex container, which meant that, though it seemed as though the smoke had cleared, a chemical residue still existed and found a way to attach itself to passing aerosol particles. This means that the discovery was by no means unique to that classroom; in fact, it’s likely quite a widespread phenomenon. “While most people expect that they’ ll be exposed to air pollution from cars, or other chemicals in low concentrations when they’ re outside—they tend to think that they’ re escaping all that when they step indoors,” DeCarlo says. “Understanding that we are constantly exposed to these chemicals, even in our workplaces, is a challenge to communicate to the public.” 32. What does the research show? A. Third-hand smoke spreads widely. B. Smoking bans function well. C. Smoke residue exists temporarily. D. Indoor smoking is strictly restricted. 33. Why was the discovery in the classroom surprising? A. Smoking was permitted there. B. New aerosol particles appeared there. C. Chemical species there raised a debate. D. Partial aerosol particles there carried smoke. 34. How did the researchers carry out the study? A. By observing chemicals in the lab. B. By comparing indoor and outdoor air. C. By modeling third-hand smoke exposure. D. By measuring air quality in containers. 35. What does DeCarlo imply in the last paragraph? A. People face new working challenges. B. Their discovery is against expectations. C. Smoke exposure raises widespread concerns. D. Staying indoors frees people from air pollution. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Finding motivation to exercise can be the greatest challenge in working out. ____36____? One way of achieving this could be opting for types of exercise that fit our personality. We found that our personality can influence how we engage with exercise. ____37____. When we design and recommend physical activity programs, understanding personality factors is very important. This is because it helps determine how successful the program will be, and whether people will stick with it and become fitter. ____38____. This shapes our behaviors and how we interact with the world around us. Therefore, it makes sense that personality would affect how we react to different levels of exercise intensity. For example, people scoring high on extraversion (外向) enjoyed high intensity sessions with others around, including team sports. On the contrary, people scoring high on neuroticism (神经质) preferred private workouts. The most important part about exercising is finding something we enjoy and not being discouraged if we don’t immediately find it. It’s OK if we don’t enjoy a particular session. ____39____. We hope that if people can find physical activities that they enjoy, they will more readily choose to do them. After all, we don’t have to force dogs to go for a walk: Being so physically inactive that we start to feel miserable might be a peculiarly human thing to do. ____40____. But for some reason, many of us humans seem poor at picking up on these messages it is sending to our brain. A. We can try something else. B. Our brains work differently. C. Doing exercise is essential for our health. D. But why not try other different workouts instead? E. But what if working out could be more enjoyable? F. In effect, our body punishes us by making us miserable. G. And it also affects which forms of exercise we enjoy the most. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My name is Goodluck. I didn’t realize how ____41____ the name was until I traveled to America to continue my education when I was 19. I thought it would be easy for people to hear and remember — ___42___, it’s something people say to each other. But instead, it was met with repetition and ____43____. I had to spell it out, repeat it, and explain I was not ____44____. Names like Precious, Beauty, or Prince were ____45____ back in Nigeria, where names are more than words — they’re ____46____. Some reflect the circumstances of birth, while others are ____47____ for the child’s future. I was ____48____ called by my first name throughout high school. My teachers and friends called me by my last name, Kzula. My parents used a native nickname, Nkem, which means “mine”. Whenever they use my first name, it ____49____ I’m in trouble. I couldn’t understand why something normal back home needed so much ____50____ in the US. But I also consider myself ____51____. I never had to change my name to fit in, nor did I need to shorten or replace it with another less ____52____ name. The name has become part of me now. It’s the first thing people learn about me, and sometimes the first thing they ____53____ about me. But it’s also one of the few things I’ve carried unchanged. In a new country, my name has connected me to where I’m from, and it’s a ____54____ that home isn’t something I ____55____ it’s something I carry with me. 41. A. terrible B. different C. amazing D. convenient 42 A. for sure B. so what C. on average D. after all 43. A. disbelief B. disagreement C. comfort D. criticism 44. A. laughing B. greeting C. lying D. joking 45. A. unique B. common C. plain D. strange 46. A. records B. notes C. messages D. comments 47. A. promises B. blessings C. claims D. warnings 48. A. rarely B. never C. regularly D. often 49. A. confirms B. means C. misleads D. responds 50. A. classification B. attention C. explanation D. intention 51. A. lucky B. inspired C. kind D. calm 52. A. familiar B. disturbing C. funny D. striking 53. A. care B. argue C. say D. question 54. A. reminder B. sign C. symbol D. standard 55. A. crossed out B. looked for C. left behind D. belonged to 第II卷(非选择题，共55分) 注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I tell people that I work at the Space Research Center, I almost always get a surprised look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I work with…the astronauts? Since January 2023, right before the launch of a new satellite to study pulsars, I have been assisting the researchers at the center, ____56____ are passionate about unraveling the mysteries of the cosmos, to feel more comfortable ____57____ confident in their understanding of space exploration. And who do they collaborate ____58____? Not the astronauts, even though. The primary language for the research papers ____59____ delve into the complexities of pulsar emissions and their impact on space-time, is actually English. They engage with the influx of international scientists and ____60____ (visit) experts who often come to analyze the data collected by the satellite, which is orbiting the Earth. They also need to be prepared to give ____61____ (presentation) in English at international conferences, where they share their groundbreaking discoveries about pulsar phenomena with the global scientific community. This is ____62____ they need an astrophysics instructor. So, what are they learning? ____63____ (basic), how to interpret the signals from distant pulsars. It’s been fascinating to watch the space research develop ____64____ to see the scientists delve deeper into the mysteries of the universe. As a child, I always _____65_____ (dream) of exploring outer space. Now, I’m fulfilling that dream indirectly by assisting the researchers with their English. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，你的留学生同学Peter在你市举办的“中国传统文化知识竞赛(Chinese Traditional Culture Knowledge Contest)”中获得外国选手组一等奖。请你给他写一封信，内容包括： 1.祝贺； 2.回顾他的付出和努力； 3.期待他为弘扬中国文化做出贡献。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Hurricane Ian hit Florida, it was a powerful hurricane that brought with it disastrous flooding, winds, and a record-breaking violent storm. Many Naples, Florida residents like Karen Lauder refused to leave their homes because they underestimated the intensity of the storm. Karen is 84 years old and relies on a wheelchair to get around because she is missing a leg. Her son, Johnny Lauder, tried repeatedly to get her to leave, but she refused. Johnny and his whole family lived within a few blocks of one another. His wife was out of town during the storm, so the delivery driver and former police officer decided to stay at his son’s house. They kept in constant touch with Karen as the storm raged outside, watching the water rising dangerously all around them. When Karen reported that the water in her house had reached her belly button, he knew he had to take action. First, Johnny ensured his son and their pets were taken care of. He made everyone climb inside the attic (阁楼), gave them supplies and water, and made sure they had a way to cut through the roof if the water continued to rise. Then, he dove out of a window and began to swim in the street, where cars were floating past him with dangerous currents. During his time as a police officer in Chicago, Illinois, Johnny worked as a rescue diver. He was obviously a strong swimmer, but the flood water was filled with harmful materials. There was also a strong current, and he had to swim against it for most of his trip to Karen’s. As he made his way through the water, Johnny stopped periodically to take selfies to show his worried family that he was okay. He also grabbed helpful items he passed along the way, including a life preserver, a kickboard, and a kayak (皮艇). 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Johnny was racing against the clock. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Karen was shaking like a leaf, so Johnny found some clean sheets and wrapped her up. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $