2026届高考英语 重难点专项突破练习卷12 阅读理解C、D篇 导学案

2026高考英语·重难点专项突破练习卷12

阅读理解

核【核心知识·深度解读】

阅读理解C/D篇通常是科技类或社科类说明文，文章结构严谨，逻辑性强。近三年真题显示，主旨大意题和作者观点题的高频出题点集中在首段、尾段以及文中的转折词之后。掌握这些位置的阅读策略，能快速准确锁定答案。

1. 首段功能： 引出话题，提出中心论点。通常在首段末句出现主旨句。常见模式：现象描述 → 提出问题 → 给出观点。

2. 尾段功能： 总结全文，重申观点，或提出展望。尾段首句或末句往往是对全文的概括。

3. 转折词定位： 转折词如 but, however, yet, nevertheless, while, although, in fact, actually 等后面的内容通常是作者真正想要强调的观点，也是主旨题和观点题的答案所在。

4. 科技/社科类文章常见结构：
● 问题解决型：提出问题 → 分析原因 → 解决方案 → 意义展望
● 现象解释型：呈现现象 → 给出解释 → 评价解释
● 对比型：介绍传统观点 → 提出新发现/新观点 → 论证新观点

5. 真题示例（2025·新高考Ⅰ卷C篇）： 首段提出“Many people believe that AI will replace human jobs. However, a new study suggests otherwise.” 这里的 However 后即为文章主旨。尾段再次总结“The future lies in human-AI collaboration.” 主旨题答案即为 Human-AI collaboration is the key.

位置	功能	常见信号词
首段首句	引入话题	When it comes to, Recently, For years
首段末句	提出主旨	therefore, thus, in fact, actually, but
文中转折	强调真正观点	but, however, yet, nevertheless, while, although
尾段首句	总结/重申	In conclusion, To sum up, Overall, Therefore
尾段末句	展望/建议	It is time to, We should, The future lies in

 

 

专项突破·阅读理解C/D篇主旨80题

Passage 1

[1] For decades, scientists have assumed that memory formation is a gradual process, requiring repeated exposure to information. However, a groundbreaking study from MIT challenges this long-held belief.

[2] The research team, led by Dr. Sarah Johnson, conducted experiments on mice using advanced imaging techniques. They discovered that a single, intense experience can create a lasting memory if it triggers a specific chemical reaction in the brain. This reaction, involving the protein CaMKII, acts as a "memory switch."

[3] "We found that when the protein is activated at a high enough level, it can consolidate a memory instantly," explains Dr. Johnson. "This goes against the traditional view that repetition is essential." The findings suggest that the brain has a built-in mechanism for "one-trial learning," which may have evolutionary advantages—helping animals remember a single dangerous encounter.

[4] Critics point out that the study was conducted on mice, and human brains are far more complex. Nevertheless, the research opens up new possibilities for treating memory disorders. If scientists can learn to control this "memory switch," it could lead to therapies for conditions like PTSD, where a single traumatic event creates an overwhelming