Unit 2 单元词汇讲练-【精品课】2025-2026学年八年级英语下册同步精品课件（新教材人教版）

该初中英语课件系统梳理了人教版八年级下册Unit 2“Stay healthy”的核心知识，涵盖48个健康与安全主题词汇、12个核心短语及3类语法句型，通过按词性（名词、动词、形容词等）和功能（医疗、安全场景）分类，结合考点解析与实例应用，构建“词汇-短语-语法”联动的知识网络。 其亮点在于采用“考点聚焦+情境应用”复习策略，如通过对比“catch fire”（动作）与“on fire”（状态）、“medicine”（不可数）与“pill”（可数）等易混点培养思维品质，结合“量体温”“戴口罩”等生活场景例句提升语言能力。分层设计从基础词汇（如“cough”“flu”）到复杂句型（如“stop...from doing”），适配不同学生需求，助力教师精准复习，有效巩固单元知识。

UNIT 2 Stay healthy 单元词汇讲解 小红书：Christina在努力 原创课件 Do you know what to do if oil catch fire？ 如果油着火了你知道做什么吗？ catch fire put out the fire 扑灭火 play with fire 玩火 set fire to... 放火烧 make a fire 生火 着火 举一反三 1.Be _______ with the candles, or the paper may __________________. 小心蜡烛，否则纸可能会着火。 2.The firefighters _____________________________ in the forest yesterday. 昨天消防员很快扑灭了森林里的火。 3.Someone __________________ the old factory last night. 昨晚有人放火烧了那座旧工厂。 careful catch fire set fire to quickly put out the fire themselves /ðəmˈselvz/pron. 他（或她、它）们自己 1.The students __________ the classroom ____________ after school. 放学后学生们自己打扫了教室。 They enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves. 他们喜欢学习如何自己动手做许多事情。 cleaned themselves fry eggs煎鸡蛋 fry fish炸鱼 French fries 炸薯条 fried rice 炒饭 fry James decided to make fried chicken. James决定做炸鸡。 词性转换 fried adj. 油炸的 举一反三 1.Too much ________________ can make you __________________ easily. 吃太多炸鸡会让你很容易长胖。 2.My mother taught me __________________ with a little salt and oil. 妈妈教我如何用少许盐和油来煎鱼。 fried chicken put on weight how to fry fish turn on turn on the stove 打开炉子 还可以接： turn on the light/TV/ tap/ gas 开灯/开电视/开水龙头/开煤气 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开 1. turn on 打开（电器、水龙头等） 2. turn off 关闭（电器、水龙头等） 3. turn up 调高（音量、亮度）；出现 4. turn down 调低（音量、亮度）；拒绝 5. turn left / turn right 向左转 / 向右转 6. turn around 转身；回转 7. turn over 翻转；翻身 8. turn into 变成；转化成 9. turn out 结果是；证明是 10. turn back 返回；折回 拓展 举一反三 1.Remember to___________________before you go to bed. 记得睡觉前关掉电视。 2.Can you ___________________? I can’t hear it clearly.你能把音乐调大一点吗？我听不清楚。 3.He _________________________ because his little brother was sleeping. 他把收音机声音调低，因为弟弟在睡觉。 4.The cat _________________________ when it tried to catch the fish. 猫在抓鱼时把碗打翻了。 5.It ___________________ that he was not at home when we called him. 结果我们打电话时他不在家。 turn off the TV turn up the music turned down the radio turned over the bowl turned out stove /stəʊv/n. 厨房灶具；炉子 1.My mother cooks breakfast ________________________ every morning. 妈妈每天早上用煤气灶做早餐。 He turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. 他把炉子打开，让油加热，然后开始准备鸡肉。 on the gas stove happily /ˈhæpɪli/adv. 快乐地；高兴地 1.She sings __________ when she is doing her homework. 她做作业时愉快地唱着歌。 2.I am very __________ to get good grades in the exam. 我很高兴在考试中取得了好成绩。 3.The children’s faces were full of _____________ at the party. 在聚会上，孩子们的脸上洋溢着幸福。 举一反三 happy adj. 快乐的;幸福的 happiness n. 幸福; 快乐 词性转换 happiness happily happy no way 不可能; 没门 表 “坚决拒绝、强烈否定” by no means 绝不；一点也不可能 under no circumstances 在任何情况下都不 举一反三 1.--Can I ________ your math homework? I didn’t finish it.我能抄一下你的数学作业吗？我没做完。 --_____________! You should do it by yourself. It’s good for you.没门！你应该自己做，这样对你有好处。 2.This problem is _________________ as easy as it looks.这道题绝不像看起来那么简 3.__________________________ should we give up our dreams because of difficulties. 在任何情况下都不应该因为困难而放弃我们的梦想。(倒装) copy by no means Under no circumstances No way ①see a/the dentist=visit the dentist =go to the dentist 看牙医 ②at the dentist's 在牙医诊所 1.She __________________________________________regularly to _______________________________. 她定期去看牙医，以保持牙齿健康。 dentist keep her teeth healthy visits/sees/goes to the dentist have a fever 发烧 break a fever 退烧 have a high fever发高烧 have a low fever发低烧 1.If you _________________, you should drink more water and rest. 如果你发烧，应该多喝水并休息。 2.The doctor asked me to ________________________ to see if I had a fever. 医生让我量体温，看看是不是发烧了。 3.She drank some hot water and rested, and soon _________________. 她喝了些热水并休息，不久就退烧了。 fever have a fever take my temperature broke a fever put something warm on your stomach 在肚子上放些暖的东西 lose one’s stomach 没胃口 1.I felt a pain __________________ after eating too much ice cream. 吃了太多冰淇淋后，我的肚子感到疼。 2.You should __________________________________________if it hurts. 如果肚子疼，你应该在肚子上放些暖的东西。 stomachache n.胃痛 stomach put something warm on your stomach in my stomach avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 avoid And please avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse. 现在请暂时避免喝软饮料，因为其中的气体可能会让疼痛加重。 1.You should ________________________ chocolates to protect your teeth. 你应该避免吃太多巧克力来保护牙齿。 2.You should ____________________________ coffee before bedtime. 你应该在睡觉前避免喝太多咖啡。 3.You should ________________________ when you have a sore throat. 当你喉咙痛的时候，你应该避免吃辛辣食物。 avoid eating too many avoid drinking too much avoid eating spicy food 拓展短语 natural gas 天然气 cooking gas 烹饪燃气 gas station 加油站 gas 1._______________ is considered a cleaner energy source _______________ coal. 天然气被认为是一种比煤更清洁的能源 2.While driving through the countryside, _______________ the nearest _______________ was closed, so they had to plan another route. 开车穿过乡村时，他们注意到最近的加油站关门了，只好另选路线。 Natural gas compared to they noticed that gas station 1.He said he _________________ in his leg after playing football yesterday. 他说昨天踢完足球后，腿有些痛。 2.I _________________________ in my head after reading in dim light. 在昏暗的光线下看书后，我的头很痛。 3.His heart ___________ when he heard the sad news about his friend. 听到朋友的坏消息时，他的心一阵阵抽痛。 短语 have an ache in + 身体部位（某部位痛） had an ache have a terrible ache ached 1.The doctor _____________________ of my arm to check if it was broken. 医生给我的胳膊拍了一张X光片，检查是否骨折了。 take /have an X-ray 拍 X 光片 You should see a dentist. You might need an X-ray.你应该去看牙医。你可能需要拍一张X光片。 took an X-ray Accidents can happen when we are careless. 当我们粗心大意时，事故就可能发生。 carelessly adv. 粗心地 →carelessness n. 粗心，大意 careful adj. 细心的; 谨慎 →carefully adv. 细心地; 仔细地 care v. 照顾; 在意;关心 n.照料; 小心; 关怀 /ˈkeələs/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的；疏忽的 careless -less是一个形容词后缀， 构成否定意义的形容词 1.It was __________ of you to leave the door open when you went out. 你出门时没关门，真是太不小心了。 2.His ________________ caused him to fail the math exam. 他的粗心导致他数学考试没及格。 3.She is always __________ about her homework and often forgets to hand it in. 她对作业总是很粗心，经常忘记交。 4.Be __________ when you cross the street, especially during rush hour. 过马路时要小心，尤其是在交通高峰期。 5.The doctor examined the patient __________ before making a diagnosis. 医生在做出诊断前仔细地检查了病人。 6.We should ______________ public property, such as benches and flowers in the park. 我们应该爱护公共财物，比如公园里的长椅和花草。 举一反三 careless carelessness carefully careless careful take care of 1. She _____________________ and coughs a lot today. 她今天流鼻涕，还咳嗽得很厉害。 2. Her eyes were ____________ after she cut onions. 切完洋葱后，她的眼睛流泪不止。 have a runny rose 流鼻涕 I have a runny nose and a fever. 我流鼻涕并且发烧。 has a runny nose runny 1. He _____________________ and can’t sleep well at night. 他咳嗽得很厉害，晚上睡不好。 2. My grandfather often __________ when he walks in the cold air. 爷爷在冷空气中走路时经常咳嗽。 have a bad cough 咳嗽得很厉害 has a bad cough coughs 1.He fell while running and _____________________， so he had to stop _____________________. 他跑步时摔倒，膝盖淤青了，所以不得不停止打篮球。 2.You will _______________ if you ride a bike without _______________. 如果你骑自行车不戴头盔，可能会受瘀伤。 get bruised变得有瘀伤 bruised arm 手臂瘀青 bruised face脸部瘀青 got a bruised knee playing basketball get bruised wearing a helmet Take a seat,Helen. How are you feeling? 海伦，请坐。你现在感觉怎么样？ save a seat 占座，留座 change seats 换座位 lose one’s seat 失去座位（比赛或选举中落选） take a seat =have a seat 坐下 1.When you enter the office, ________________ and wait for the teacher. 进办公室时，请坐下等老师。 2.Could you _________________________? I’ll be back in two minutes. 你能帮我占个座吗？我两分钟后回来。 3.The teacher asked us to ___________________ so that we could ___________________ different classmates. 老师让我们换座位，这样我们可以和不同的同学合作。 take a seat change seats save a seat for me work with Let me take your temperature... Oh,it's quite high. 让我量一下你的体温……哦，温度相当高。 ①high/low temperature 高/低温 ②normal temperature 正常体温 ③body temperature 体温 ④increase/decrease in temperature 温度升高/降低 take one's temperature 给某人量体温 1.The nurse came to __________________________ before the doctor arrived. 医生来之前，护士先给我量了体温。 2.The weather report says there will be __________________________ tomorrow, so drink more water. 天气预报说明天会有高温，所以要多喝水。 3.The doctor said my body _______________________________ and I didn’t have a fever. 医生说我的体温正常，没有发烧。 举一反三 take my temperature had a normal temperature a high temperature We'll need to do a test,but I believe you have the flu. 我们需要做个检查，但我相信你是得了流感。 ①take a test 参加考试 / 测验 ②pass a test 通过考试 ③fail a test 考试不及格 ④stand the test (of time) 经得起时间的考验 ⑤test on 对……进行测试 ⑥test for 为……做检测（如疾病、成分等） test 1.The doctor will ___________________ to find out what is wrong. 医生会检测你的血液来找出问题所在。 2.I was sad because I ___________________ on history last week.我很伤心，因为上周历史考试没及格。 3.Good books can ___________________________ and remain popular for many years. 好书能经得起时间的考验，多年后仍受欢迎。 4.The scientists will ___________________ mice before trying the medicine on humans. 科学家将在老鼠身上做试验，然后再在人类身上试用这种药。 5.The doctor will ___________________diabetes if your blood sugar level is too high. 如果你的血糖水平过高，医生会为你检测是否患有糖尿病。 举一反三 test your blood stand the test of time test on test for failed a test 1.If you _______________________, you should drink more water and see a doctor. 如果你得了流感，应该多喝水并去看医生。 2. Washing hands often can help _______________________. 经常洗手有助于阻止流感病毒。 have the flu 得流感 flu season 流感季节 flu virus 流感病毒 flu have the flu stop the flu virus You should take some medicine and drink enough water.你应该吃点药，并且喝足够的水。 1.Good medicine ________ bitter. 良药苦口。（常用谚语） 2.____________________________________a day after meals.每天饭后吃三次药。 词性转换 medical adj. 医学的 medicate /ˈmedɪkeɪt/ v. 用药治疗 medicine take some medicine 吃药 tastes Take the medicine three times How do we take care of ourselves？ 我们怎么照顾自己？ 1.We should ______________ take care of ______________ from a young age. 我们应该从小学会照顾自己。 2.We need to ___________________________ if we want to win the game. 如果我们想赢得比赛，就需要相信我们自己。 our pron.我们的 ourselves learn to ourselves believe in ourselves 1. I can’t sing loudly because I ___________________________today. 我今天喉咙痛，不能大声唱歌。 2. After playing basketball for two hours, I ___________________and couldn't sit straight. 打了两个小时篮球后，我的背酸痛，坐都坐不直。 3. Her feet hurt badly after hiking up the mountain—she really ___________________. 爬山之后她的脚疼得厉害——真的脚痛得很。 拓展短语 have a sore + 身体部位： have a sore shoulder/back 肩痛/背痛 have sore feet 脚痛 sore 举一反三 had sore feet have a sore throat had a sore back 1. He ___________________ before giving the speech ___________________ his voice was loud. 他在演讲前清了清嗓子，确保声音够响亮。 2. She had a ___________ and a sore ___________, so she went to see the doctor. 她发烧并且喉咙痛，所以去看医生了。 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 clear one’s throat 清嗓子 throat cleared his throat to make sure fever throat I have a stomachache. I ate too much at my friend's birthday party yesterday. 我胃疼。昨天在朋友的生日聚会上我吃得太多了。 1. I ________________________________because I ate too many spicy chips last night. 我胃疼得厉害，因为昨晚吃了太多辣薯片。 2. She only ________________________________， so she can still go to school this morning. 她只是有点轻微胃痛，所以今天早上还能去上学。 stomach n. 胃 stomachache have a bad stomachache has a slight stomachache 1.I ________________________________because I ___________________ doing homework last night. 我头痛得厉害，因为昨晚熬夜写作业了。 2. She ________________________________ and needs to_____________ for a while. 她头痛得厉害，需要躺一会儿。 拓展短语 have a terrible/bad headache 严重的头痛 举一反三 headache stayed up late has a bad headache have a terrible headache lie down 1.He _______________________________last night, so he went to the ________ early this morning. 他昨晚牙痛得厉害，所以今天一早就去看牙医了。 have a terrible toothache 严重的牙痛 toothache No,I can't eat anything. I have a terrible toothache. 不，我什么都吃不下。我牙痛得厉害。 had a terrible toothache dentist 拓展短语 suffer from a cold 患感冒 suffer from headache 头痛 suffer pain 遭受痛苦 suffer loss 遭受损失 suffer from 例句 I guess I didn't drink enough water. I'm suffering from a sore throat now. 我猜我喝的水不够，现在正受喉咙痛的折磨。 受苦；受折磨 1.She _______________________________after studying for the exam all night. 她通宵备考后，头痛得厉害。 2.The old man ______________________ when he broke his leg. 老人摔断腿时，遭受了巨大的痛苦。 3.Many farmers ___________________________ because of the sudden storm. 许多农民因突如其来的暴风雨而遭受了严重损失。 4.Many kids in the city _________________________ because they use phones too much. 城里很多孩子因为玩手机太多而视力不好。 举一反三 suffered from a headache suffered great pain suffer from poor sight suffered heavy losses press down on your nose 按住你的鼻子 短语 1.If you have a _____________, _______________________ your nose and lean forward slightly. 如果你流鼻血，按住你的鼻子并稍微向前倾。 2.__________________ your nose gently when you dive into the swimming pool. 当你潜入游泳池时，轻轻按住你的鼻子。 3.She is ________________________ to finish her project before Friday. 她为了在周五前完成项目，承受着很大的压力。 pressure n. 压力 举一反三 press Press down on under great pressure press down on nosebleed have a nosebleed 流鼻血 短语 1.She ________________________ when she ___________ her bike this morning. 今天早上她从自行车上摔下来时流鼻血了。 2.The cut on his arm __________________ when he washed it with water. 他用水冲洗手臂上的伤口时，伤口开始流血了。 词性转换 bleed v. 流血 举一反三 nosebleed had a nosebleed fell off began to bleed When you are outside,please wear a mask. 当你外出时，请戴口罩。 例句 take off a mask 摘下口罩 surgical masks 医用外科口罩 disposable masks一次性口罩 拓展 mask 举一反三 1._________________ when you go out to _________________. 外出时戴口罩，保证自己的安全。 2. We should use _____________________ and change them every day. 我们应该使用一次性口罩，并且每天更换。 Wear a mask disposable masks keep yourself safe It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily. 它能防止我们把流感病毒轻易传染给别人。 prevent…from doing 防止……做某事 keep…from doing 阻止……做某事 stop from...doing sth. 防止……；阻止…… 1.The fence _________ the animals _____________________ into the road. 围栏防止动物跑到马路上。 stops from runninng computer virus 电脑病毒 virus infection病毒感染 virus 1.Washing your hands can _______________________________ into your body. 经常洗手可以防止病毒进入你的身体。 2.My father told me not to open strange emails, or ________________ may come in. 爸爸告诉我不要打开陌生邮件，否则可能会有电脑病毒侵入。 词性转换 viral /ˈvɪrəl/ adj. 病毒的；病毒引起的 a computer virus stop the virus from getting 1.The doctor asked me ___________________________________ my symptoms. 医生让我清楚地描述我的症状。 2.The beauty of the mountains is ______________________. 山的美景难以形容。 describe v. 描述 descriptive adj. 描述性的 description give a description of … 对……进行描述 beyond description 难以形容 /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n. 描写；形容 to give a clear description of beyond description impatient 没耐心的(反) patiently adv. 有耐心地 patience n. 耐心 patient 【1】作名词：see a patient看病人 treat a patient治疗病人 【2】作形容词:be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 be patient in doing sth. 在做某事上有耐心 【3】变形名词：have no patience with … 对……没耐心 /ˈpeɪʃnt/ n. 病人；adj. 有耐心的 1.Nurses take good care of every _____________ in the ward. 护士们细心照顾病房里的每一位病人。 2.You should _____________________ your little brother when he makes mistakes. 弟弟犯错时，你应该对他有耐心。 3.Learning a language ____________________________ and daily practice. 学习一门语言需要有大量的耐心和每天的练习。 4.He____________________________ noisy children in public places. 他对公共场所吵闹的孩子没耐心。 举一反三 has no patience with needs much patience be patient with patient injure v.受伤 injured adj. 受伤的 injury get an injury 受伤 have an injury 有伤；带着伤 suffer an injury 遭受伤害 /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；损伤 可数名词 举一反三 1.He _____________________________ in the football match yesterday. 他昨天在足球比赛中受了重伤。 2.Warm up before exercise to _____________________________. 运动前热身，以避免运动损伤。 3.He fell down and ______________________ in the P.E. class. 他在体育课上摔倒，伤到了腿。 avoid sports injuries got a serious injury injured his leg suffer from an illness 患（某种）病 a serious illness 重病 mental illness 心理疾病 cause of illness 病因 illness 1.She stayed in hospital for a month _____________________________. 她因为重病住院了一个月。 2.We should be kind to those with _____________________________. 我们应该善待有心理疾病的人。 ill adj. 生病的 because of a serious illness mental illness a sharp knife 一把锋利的刀 a knife and a fork 一副刀叉 knife 1.In Western restaurants, people usually eat with ___________________________. 在西餐厅，人们通常用刀叉吃饭。 Be careful when you are using the knife. Don't cut yourself.用刀的时候要小心，别切到你自己。 例句 a knife and a fork safe adj. 安全的 safely adv. 安全地 safety traffic safety 交通安全 food safety 食品安全 safety rules 安全规则 /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全；安全处所 复数:safeties After taking the safety training,we can enjoy ourselves in the mountains. 参加完安全培训后，我们就可以在山上尽情玩乐了。 举一反三 1.We should follow the rules of ________________ to keep safe on the road. 我们应该遵守交通安全规则，在路上保持安全。 2.The teacher told us to ______________________ before the school trip. 老师告诉我们在学校旅行前要阅读安全规则。 read the safety rules traffic safety clearly adv. 清晰地; 清楚地 clearness n. 清晰度 clear clear voice 清晰的声音 clear mind清晰的思路 clear out清理杂物 clear up清理；放晴 /klɪə(r)/adj. 清晰的；清楚的；v. 清理；清除 Her clearest memory is not of the race itself, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. 她最清晰的记忆不是比赛本身，而是第二天双腿那剧烈的疼痛。 1.After a short break, she ____________________________ and could finish her homework fast. 短暂休息后，她的思路清晰了，很快就能完成作业。 2.The sky _________________ after the rain, and we went outside to play. 雨后天空放晴了，我们就出去玩了。 had a clear mind cleared up painful adj. 痛苦的 painless adj. 无痛的 pain suffer from pain忍受疼痛 have a pain in +身体部位 可指身体上的 “痛感”，也可指精神上的 “痛苦”，比 “ache” 更侧重 “剧烈或持续性的痛” 举一反三 1.Growing up brings both __________ and __________，like the joy of learning new skills and the pain of ___________________________. 成长既会带来快乐，也会带来痛苦，比如学会新技能的喜悦和独自面对困难的痛苦。 2.It was ___________________________ to lose my favorite toy. 失去我最喜欢的玩具是一段痛苦的经历。 3.She felt ____________________ in her head and had to sit down.她突然头痛，不得不坐下。 joys a sudden pain a painful experience facing difficulties alone pains What's more,you could change your screen's brightness to try and match your environment. 此外，你可以调节屏幕亮度，尽量让它和周围环境相匹配。 what's more 更为重要的是 1. The hotel is cheap, and _____________, it is very ________ to the subway station. 这家酒店很便宜，而且离地铁站很近。 2. Exercise keeps you ________, and _________________, it can help you to _________________. 运动能让你保持健康，而且还能帮你减少压力。 1.The fence stops the animals from running into the road. 围栏防止动物跑到马路上。 close reduce stress what's more what's more healthy bright adj. 明亮的；鲜艳的 brightly adv明亮地 brightness change your screen's brightness 调节屏幕亮度 1.You can ____________________________ of the phone screen to protect your eyes.你可以调低手机屏幕的亮度来保护眼睛。 2.The ___________ of the sun made me put on my sunglasses. 阳光的亮度让我戴上了太阳镜。 turn down the brightnes brightness 词性转换 environmental adj. 环境的 environment natural environment自然环境 living environment生活环境 /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 1.We should protect the ________________________by planting more trees. 我们应该通过多种树来保护自然环境。 2.Keeping our ________________________clean can make us healthier. 保持我们的生活环境干净能让我们更健康。 natural environment living environment cross是一个动词， acrosss是一个介词， cross=go across 穿过;横穿。 同时cross还可以用作名词，表示十字架。 cross You certainly shouldn't look at your phone when you cross the road. 过马路时你绝对不应该看手机。 例句 词性转换 crossing n. 十字路口 易混提示 1.It’s dangerous _______________________ when the light is red. 红灯时过马路很危险。 2.The villagers have to _______________________ to go to the market. 村民们必须过河才能去市场。 3.The boy swam _______________________ to get to the other side. 那个男孩游过了河，到了对岸。 cross the river across the river to cross the road burn burn down 烧毁；烧成平地 burn up 烧起来；烧完 burn out 烧坏；烧尽；（因过度工作等）精疲力竭 get burned/burnt 被烧伤；被烫伤 Do you smell something burning? 你闻到什么东西烧焦的味道了吗？ 举一反三 1.The old house _______________________ in a big fire last night. 昨晚那座老房子在一场大火中被烧毁了。 2.The dry leaves _______________________ if you put them near the fire. 干树叶靠近火会很快烧起来。 3.The light bulb has _______________. We need a new one. 灯泡已经烧坏了，我们需要换一个新的。 4.Be careful with the hot water, or you might _______________. 小心热水，否则你可能会被烫伤。 was burnt down get burned burnt out will burn up quickly on fire 着火；起火强调 “正在燃烧的状态”，常与 “be”“get” 搭配 on fire表示正在燃烧的状态，强调“已经着火了”。 表示正在燃烧的状态，强调“已经着火了”。 catch fire表示开始着火的动作，强调“起火的过程”。 The pan was on fire. 锅着火了。 1.The dry leaves _________________ if they are too close to the flame. 干树叶如果离火焰太近就会着火。 2.Look! The classroom is _________________! We must run out quickly. 看！教室着火了！我们必须赶快跑出去。 will catch fire on fire burst into flames 突然燃起熊熊火焰 in flames 在燃烧中；被火焰吞没 flame Large flames were jumping into the air. 巨大的火焰腾空而起。 flammable adj. 易燃的 1.The dry tree ___________________ when it was struck by ___________. 干枯的树被闪电击中时突然燃起了熊熊火焰。 2.The ___________ of the match went out in the wind. 火柴的火焰在风里熄灭了。 burst into flames lightning flame in panic：更常见，更自然，表示“处于恐慌状态/惊慌地”，常作状语。 in a panic：也正确，但更强调“一次具体的恐慌情况”，口语里更常见。 panic In a panic，James turned off the stove at once. 惊慌中，詹姆斯立刻关掉了炉子。 /ˈpænɪk/（n.）惊恐；恐慌 panic还可以用作动词， 表示“（使）恐慌” in panic 惊慌地；在恐慌中 get into a panic 陷入恐慌 cause a panic 引起恐慌 1.The loud noise _____________________ among the people in the street. 巨大的声响在街上的人群中引起了恐慌。 2.The students ran out of the building ____________ when the fire alarm rang. 火警响起时，学生们惊慌地跑出了大楼。 3.___________________________ if you can’t find your book. Stay calm. 如果你找不到书，不要陷入恐慌，保持冷静。 4.____________! We have enough time to finish the work. 别慌！我们有足够的时间完成这项工作。 caused a panic in panic Don’t get into a panic Don’t panic 表示 “从某个平面移动到另一个平面之上”，强调 “最终落在目标表面上”。 onto But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. 但他离锅太近了，以至于有一团火焰窜到了他的衬衫上。 /ˈɒntu; ˈɒntə/prep. 向；朝 jump onto跳到…… 上 climb onto爬到…… 上 put onto放到…… 上 step onto踩到…… 上 1.The cat _____________ the table to catch the fish.猫跳到桌子上抓鱼。 2.Be careful not to ________________the wet floor.小心不要踩到湿地板。 jumped onto step onto James cried out and threw himself to the floor. 詹姆斯大叫一声，扑倒在地。 ①throw sth to sb把某物扔给某人（无恶意） ②throw sth at sb把某物朝某人扔去，（可能有攻击性） ③throw away扔掉；丢弃 ④throw up呕吐；举起 ⑤throw oneself into全身心投入 1.After the holiday, she _____________________ her studies. 假期结束后，她全身心投入到学习中。 2.We should not _____________________ plastic bottles after using them once. 我们不应该在用过一次后就扔掉塑料瓶。 threw herself into throw away roll He put out the fire by rolling on the ground，but the pan was still burning. 他通过就地打滚把火扑灭了，但平底锅还在燃烧。 rolling adj. 滚动的；起伏的 roller n.滚筒；滚轴 roll还可以用作名词， 表示“卷、卷状物” 作动词：roll down滚下 roll up卷起；到达 roll over翻身；翻滚 作名词：a roll of一卷…… bread roll面包卷 1.My mother bought ________________________ yesterday. 妈妈昨天买了一卷厨房纸巾。 2.The little boy watched the ball ________________________the hill. 小男孩看着球滚下山坡。 a roll of kitchen paper roll down quick have a quick meal 吃快餐 take a quick look 快速看一眼 give a quick response 作出快速反应 /kwɪk/adj. 快的；迅速的 adv. 迅速地; 快速地 quickly adv. 迅速地 quickness n. 迅速；敏捷 举一反三 1.Her _________________ helped us avoid a serious traffic accident. 她的敏捷思维帮我们避免了一场严重的交通事故。 2.The firefighters _________________ to put out the fire in the building. 消防员迅速地采取行动扑灭了大楼里的火。 3.He ______________________ at the map and found the right way. 他快速看了一眼地图，就找到了正确的路。 quick thinking acted quick took a quick look be about to do sth. 即将；正要（做某事） 表示 “动作马上就要发生，不可接 “tomorrow”“next week” 等具体时间状语（因本身已表 “即刻距离发生时间极短”，常与 “when” 连用，表 “正要做某事时，突然发生另一件事”） Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. 艾伦正要这么做时，突然停住了。 举一反三 1.We ________________________ the classroom when the headteacher came in. 我们正要离开教室时，班主任走了进来。 2.The spaceship ________________________, so all engineers are checking the systems. 宇宙飞船即将发射，所有工程师都在检查系统。 were about to leave is about to launch stop short 突然停住 表 “动作或进程在毫无预兆的情况下突然停止”，可指 “身体移动停止” 或 “说话、思考停止” stop short of (doing) sth 差一点做某事，未达到… 1.She ____________________________________him, but her face was full of anger. 她差点对他大喊大叫，但最终忍住了，只是满脸怒气。 2.He was running to catch the bus, but _______________________ at the sound of thunder. 他正跑去赶公交车，可一听到雷声就突然停住了。 3.The plan was good, but it ____________________________ all our needs. 这个计划不错，但未达到我们所有的需求。 stopped short of shouting at stopped short stopped short of meeting aid medical aid医疗援助 hearing aids助听器 first aid kit急救箱 give aid to给…… 提供援助 come to one’s aid前来帮助某人 aid sb in (doing) sth帮助某人做某事 /eɪd/n. & v. 帮助；援助 1.There is __________________ in the classroom in case someone gets hurt. 教室里有一个急救箱，以防有人受伤。 2.The Red Cross _______________________ to the village after the earthquake. 地震后，红十字会给那个村庄送去了医疗援助。 3.My grandpa wears _____________ so that he can hear us more clearly. 我爷爷戴着助听器，这样能听得更清楚。 4.The volunteers _______________________________ their houses after the flood. 洪水过后，志愿者们帮助村民重建房屋。 a first aid kit sent medical aid hearing aid aided the villagers in rebuilding first aid 急救 Thanks to the first aid and safety classes he took at school. 多亏了他在学校参加过的急救和安全课程。 1._______________________________ can save lives before doctors arrive. 掌握一些急救技能可以在医生到来之前挽救生命。 Knowing some first aid skills 例句 Instead，he ran to the living room to get the fire extinguisher. 相反，他跑到客厅去拿灭火器。 举一反三 1.The fireman _____________________________ and ______________ the burning house. 消防员拿起灭火器，冲进了着火的房子。 2.The workers tried hard _________________________ before it spread to the forest. 工人们努力在火势蔓延到森林前扑灭它。 3.We learned ___________________________________________ in the safety training. 我们在安全培训中学到了如何正确使用灭火器。 picked up the extinguisher to extinguish the fire how to use an extinguisher correctly rushed into eat out 上馆子吃饭；在外用餐 Maybe we should eat out tonight. 也许我们今晚应该出去吃。 1.On weekends, my family often __________________________________. 周末，我们家经常去中餐馆外出吃饭。 eat out at a Chinese restaurant tonight /təˈnaɪt/adv. 在今晚；n. 今夜；今晚 作副词： 修饰动词，表示动作发生的时间，相当于“在今晚”。可放句首、句中或句末，常和一般将来时连用。 作名词:作主语、宾语、表语等，指“今天晚上/今夜”这个时间段。为不可数名词，前面可加 this, that, last, next 等词 举一反三 1.After ____________ all the homework, she finally relaxed and listened to music ____________. 做完所有作业后，她今晚终于放松下来听音乐了。 2.____________ will be a special night for our family. 今晚对我们家来说将是一个特别的夜晚。 finishing tonight Tonight sadly “Anything but fried chicken，”he said sadly. “除了炸鸡，什么都行。”他难过地说。 /ˈsædli/adv. 伤心地；令人遗憾地 sad adj.伤心的；遗憾的 sadness n. 伤心；遗憾 举一反三 1.It was ________________ when we had to say goodbye to our old school after so many happy years.在度过了那么多快乐时光后，我们不得不和旧学校告别，那是一个令人伤心的时刻。 2.She ______________________________________ because her grandmother was seriously ill. 她伤心地拒绝了邀请，因为她的祖母病得很重。 3.A deep _______________ filled his heart when he read the letter from his best friend who moved abroad. 读到移居国外的好友来信时，他心中涌起深深的伤感。 a sad moment sadly turned down the invitation sadness smoke 1.Don’t __________ here — look at the “No __________” sign on the wall. 别在这儿抽烟——看墙上的“禁止吸烟”标志。 2.The doctor advised the __________ to ___________________ before his lungs got worse. 医生建议那位吸烟者趁肺部还没变得更糟赶紧戒烟。 3.The kitchen became __________ after my mom accidentally burned the toast. 我妈妈不小心把面包烤焦后，厨房变得烟雾弥漫。 smoker n. 吸烟者 smoky adj. 冒烟的；烟雾弥漫的 词性转换 举一反三 Smoking smoke smoker give up smoking smoky luckily Luckily， James was not badly hurt. 幸运的是，詹姆斯伤得并不重。 lucky adj. 幸运的 unluckily adv. 不幸地 luck n. 运气 /ˈlʌkɪli/adv. 幸运地 举一反三 1._______________________ in the coming English speech contest! 祝你在即将到来的英语演讲比赛中好运！ 2.___________， I forgot to bring my umbrella and got wet in the sudden rain. 不幸的是，我忘了带伞，被突如其来的雨淋湿了。 3.You are _______________________ such kind teachers and helpful classmates. 有如此善良的老师与乐于助人的同学，你是幸运的。 4.___________, the storm ended before the football match began. 幸运的是，暴风雨在足球赛开始前停了。 Good luck to you Unluckily lucky to have Luckily badly hurt badly伤得严重 do badly in在…方面做得差 bad adj. 坏的; 糟糕的 /ˈbædli/adv. 严重地；糟糕地 （比较级worse /wɜs/，最高级worst /wɜːst/） 举一反三 1.He played _________ in the first half, but improved a lot in the second half. 他在上半场表现很差，但在下半场有了很大进步。 2.If you don’t rest now, your cold may ____________ by tomorrow. 如果你现在不休息，到明天你的感冒可能会更严重。 3.It was _____________ to leave the homework until the last minute. 把作业拖到最后一刻才做是个糟糕的主意。 4.Of all the teams, they performed __________ in the final match. 在所有队伍中，他们在决赛中的表现最差。 badly get worse a bad idea the worst harm do harm to=be harmful to 对…… 造成伤害 harmless adj. 无害的 /hɑːm/ n. & v. 伤害；损害 harmful adj. 有害的 举一反三 1.___________________ from study may ______________ a teenager’s mental health. 学习压力过大会对青少年的心理健康造成伤害。 2.___________ can ___________ not only your lungs but also your heart. 吸烟不仅会伤害你的肺，还会伤害你的心脏。 3.Some chemicals in the air ___________________ both humans and animals. 空气中有些化学物质对人类和动物都有害。 4.The doctor said the small cut on my hand was ___________ and would heal soon. 医生说我手上的小伤口没有危害，很快就会愈合。 Too much pressure harmless do harm to Smoking harm are harmful to hit Suddenly，something hit her hard and threw her to the ground. 突然，有什么东西重重地撞了她一下，把她摔在了地上。 例句 拓展 hit sb. on/in the + 身体部位 击中某人的某个部位 hit the road 出发；上路 hit the target击中目标；达成目标 举一反三 1.He _________________________ when we were playing basketball. 我们在打篮球时，他碰到了我的肩膀。 2.After breakfast, the family ________________for their holiday trip. 吃完早餐，一家人踏上了度假的路途。 3.The boxer’s ________________ knocked his opponent down.(用作名词) 拳击手的最后一击把对手打倒在地。 hit me on the shoulder hit the road final hit shock in shock处于震惊中 a big/great shock一个巨大的震惊 shock sb.使某人震惊 shocking adj. 令人震惊的 shocked adj. 感到震惊的 词性转换 拓展 举一反三 1.His sudden death was _________________ to all his friends. 他的突然去世让所有朋友都感到非常震惊。 2.The news about the accident ____________________ in the village. 关于事故的消息让村里的每个人都震惊不已。 3.We were ___________ by the terrible scene after the storm. 风暴后的可怕景象让我们感到震惊。 4.The report showed some _________________about air pollution in cities. 报告显示了一些关于城市空气污染的可怕事实。 5.When I told her the truth, she just sat there ________. 当我告诉她真相时，她只是坐在那儿，一脸震惊。 a great shock shocked everyone shocked shocking facts in shock bleed bleed heavily大量出血 bleed from the nose流鼻血= nosebleed blood n. 血液 She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. 她正遭受冲击，他的胳膊正在流血。 举一反三 1.The soldier was badly hurt and was _____________________ on the battlefield. 这名士兵受了重伤，在战场上大量出血。 2.If you get a __________, you should press the sides of your nose and lean forward. 如果你流鼻血，应该按压鼻翼并向前倾。 bleeding heavily nosebleed check 作名词：a security check安全检查 作动词：check in 登记入住；办理登机手续 check out 退房；结账离开 check up (on sb./sth.) 检查；核实；查看 check over 仔细检查 /tʃek/v. 检查；查明；n. 检查；调查 At the hospital，the doctor checked Kelly's arm carefully. 在医院里，医生仔细地检查了凯利的胳膊。 1.Don’t forget to ________________the library books before they are due. 别忘了在图书馆的书到期前归还。 2.Please ________________your answers before handing in your paper. 交卷前请仔细检查一下你的答案。 3.We packed our bags and ________________ of the hotel at noon. 我们收拾好行李，中午退了酒店的房。 4.Please ________________at the airport two hours before the flight. 请在航班起飞前两小时到机场办理登机手续。 5.The doctor asked me to come back next week to ________________ on my progress. 医生让我下周回来复查恢复情况。 6.All passengers must go through __________________________ before boarding the plane. 所有乘客在登机前都必须经过安全检查。 check out check over checked out check in check up a security check tight a tight shirt紧身衬衫 tight shoes挤脚的鞋 /taɪt/adj. 憋气的；紧的；牢固的 His face felt warm ,and his throat felt tight. 他的脸感到发烫，喉咙也觉得发紧。 tightly adv. 紧紧地；牢固地 tightness n. 紧绷；紧固 举一反三 1.This pair of shoes are ________________ — they hurt my feet after walking for a while. 这双鞋太紧了——走一会儿脚就疼。 2.She held her mother’s hand ____________ when crossing the street. 过马路时，她紧紧握住妈妈的手。 too tight tightly peanut oil花生油 1.My grandma __________________ in her garden every spring. 我奶奶每年春天都在花园里种花生。 2.Many families use ___________________________ because it has a good taste. 很多家庭用花生油烹饪，因为它味道很好。 grows peanuts peanut oil to cook nervously /ˈnɜːvəsli/adv. 紧张不安地 “Were there any peanuts in our food？” he asked nervously. “我们的食物里有花生吗？”他紧张地问道。 nervous adj. 紧张的 nervousness n. 紧张；不安 举一反三 1.I always ________________ when I speak ________________ the whole class. 在全班同学前讲话时，我总是感到紧张。 2.His ________________ made it difficult for him to finish the exam on time. 他的紧张情绪让他难以按时完成考试。 3.She waited ________________ for the results of the English speech contest. 她紧张不安地等待着英语演讲比赛的结果。 feel nervous in front of nervousness nervously allergic I'm allergic to peanuts. 我对花生过敏。 例句 allergy n. 过敏；过敏症 allergist n. 过敏专科医生 词性转换 拓展 be allergic to 对…… 过敏 举一反三 1.Some children are ______________ to pollen and sneeze a lot in spring. 有些孩子对花粉过敏，春天会不停地打喷嚏。 2.She found out she had an __________ to cats after playing with her friend’s pet. 她和朋友的宠物猫玩耍后，发现自己对猫过敏。 3.We took our son to see an ____________ to find out what he is ____________ to. 我们带儿子去看过敏专科医生，查明他对什么过敏。 allergic allergy allergist allergic from now on 从现在起 I'll take better care of myself from now on，” Mark promised. “从现在起，我会更好地照顾自己。”马克承诺道。 例句 1.______________, I will spend at least thirty minutes __________ English every day. 从现在起，我每天都会花至少三十分钟读英语。 2.__________________, I’m going to get up __________ to have more time for breakfast. 从明天起，我要早起，以便有更多时间吃早餐。 举一反三 From now on reading From tomorrow on earlier 一、将下列单词加上合适的后缀（-self/-selves、-less、-ache）构 成新词。可使用词典辅助。 1.use _______ useless 2.ear ______________ earache/earless 3.meaning ____________ meaningless 4.heart _________________ heartache/heartless 5.one _______ oneself 6.hope _________ hopeless 7.it ______ itself 8.home _________ homeless 9.your _________________ yourself/yourselves 10.tooth _________________ toothache/toothless 11.fear ________ fearless 116 二、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空,使短文意思完整、 通顺。 check harm be about to safe bad in pain happy throw avoid suffer from Last Friday,Tom was playing 12. ________ with a ball with us after class. He 13. _____________ kick it hard when he suddenly slipped（滑倒） on the wet floor. Tom lost his balance,fell down,and 14. ______ the ball far away in surprise. He lay on the ground,holding his leg and crying. Clearly,he was 15. ________. happily was about to threw in pain 117 We rushed over and gently laid him on a nearby bench. Our school doctor 16. ________ him and said he might 17. ___________ a broken leg. He might be 18. ______ hurt so we sent him to the hospital at once. This accident made us think a lot. First,we should 19. ______running or playing on wet ground to stay safe. Because 20. ______ should always come first in any activity. We must pay attention in safety classes at school and remember to keep ourselves safe from 21. ______. Luckily,Tom recovered soon,but the lesson about safety and health will stay with us forever.#1.4 checked suffer from badly avoid safety harm 从方框中选出下列句子中黑体单词的词义。 clear A.（adj.）清晰的；清楚的；易懂的 B.（v.）清理 C.（adj.）晴朗的 D.（adj.）清澈的 1.Look! The sky is clear with no clouds.( ) 2.The water in the lake is so clear that we can see the fish in it.( ) C D 3.We should have clear life goals. They can guide us to a bright future.( ) 4.The girl often clears the table after dinner.( ) 119 smoke A.（v.）吸烟 B.（v.）冒烟 C.（n.）烟 5.The room was full of smoke from the burning stove.( ) 6.To tell the truth，I only smoke in the evening.( ) 7.I carelessly left the chicken in the oven too long and it started to smoke.( ) C A B 120 hit A.（v.）碰撞 B.（v.）击；打 C.（n.）打；击；击中 D.（n.）流行的人或事 8.Mike ran to the yard and hit a ball with a long stick.( ) 9.The book The Three-body Problem by Liu Cixin became a hit after it came out.( ) 10.I hit my knee on the corner of the table.( ) 11.Give it a good hit，and the nut（坚果） will crack（裂开） easily.( ) B D A C 121 “What’s the matter?”相关句型及 患病相关表达 知识链接：讲解详见背记本P12考点1&2 1.—Hi,Bob. You don’t look well. What’s the matter _____ you? —I have a stomachache. with 2.Betty talked too much yesterday，so she ________________（嗓子疼） now. has a sore throat 122 3.—I __________________（流鼻涕）.I think I ____________（患流感）. —You should go to see a doctor and take your temperature. have a runny nose have the flu 4.What was the trouble with Emma yesterday morning？（改为同义句） What _____ _______ _____ Emma yesterday morning? was wrong with 123 avoid的用法 知识链接：讲解详见背记本P12考点3 5.Flu is easy to break out in October. We should keep the windows open _________（avoid） it. 6.It’s cold outside,and you’d better put on more clothes to avoid ________ （catch） a cold. to avoid catching 7.在日常生活中，我们应该避免吃太多油腻的食物。 We should ______ _______ too much fat food in our daily life. avoid eating 124 stop及stop … from doing的用法 知识链接：讲解详见背记本P13考点4 8.To keep our seas healthy，we should stop ______（use） too many plastics（塑料）. using 9.We must try our best to stop events like this from __________（happen） again. happening 10.如果房子着火了，我们必须做些什么来阻止它燃烧。 If a house is on fire，we must do something to _____ ___ ______ ________. stop it from burning 125 cross，across与crossing辨析 知识链接：讲解详见背记本P13考点5 cross across crossing 11.Walk _______ the square，and you will find the bookstore on your left. 12.Always look left and right before you step onto the ________. 13.Thanks to the policeman,all the children ________ the street safely just now. across crossing crossed 126 turn相关短语的用法 知识链接：讲解详见背记本P14考点6 14.烤箱在桌子上，请帮我把它打开。 The oven is on the table. Please help me _____ ___ ____. turn it on 15.我忘记离开前是否关灯了。 I forgot if I _______ ____ the lights before leaving. turned off 16.这个标志表明这里不允许掉头。 The sign shows that it’s not allowed to _____ _______ here. turn around 127 1.Our English teacher always ______ about whether we take our work seriously. If we are _______ enough，we won’t make silly mistakes. I usually read my composition（作文） twice _________ before handing it to the teacher. My deskmate was a little ________ yesterday—he forgot to write his name on the paper. He even filled in some wrong answers __________ because he was in a hurry，so he got a low score. Our English teacher asked him to be much ____________ later.（care） cares careful carefully careless carelessly more careful 128 2.Last Saturday morning,I felt really _______ when my grandma came to visit our family. Having Grandma cook chicken for lunch and chat with me about her garden always filled my heart with __________.After lunch,we sat on the balcony,looked at the flowers she brought,and talked ________ until the sun went down.（happy） happy happiness happily 129 $