内容正文:
Unit 4 Neighbourhood
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
高频易错点03 Shall I / we...? 提建议句型
高频易错点01 There be 句型的一般疑问句及回答
高频易错点02 现在进行时(be + doing)的用法
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
There be 句型的一般疑问句及回答 高频易错点01
There be 句型表示“某地有某物/某人”,其一般疑问句是将 be 动词(is/are) 提到句首,回答用 Yes/No。
句型结构
肯定句:There is/are + 人/物 + 地点.
一般疑问句:Is/Are there + 人/物 + 地点?
肯定回答:Yes, there is/are.
否定回答:No, there isn't/aren't.
补充回答:No, but... (没有,但是……)
例句
Is there a gym around? 周围有体育馆吗?
No, but we have a sports centre. 没有,但是我们有一个运动中心。
易错点提示
1.一般疑问句要把 is/are 提前,句末用问号。
2.回答必须用 there,不能用 it/they。
3.be 动词单复数由后面紧跟的名词决定。
小练笔
单项选择
( )1. —______ there a book on the desk?
—Yes, there is.
A. Is B. Are C. Am
( )2. —Are there any trees in the park?
—______.
A. Yes, there is. B. No, there aren't. C. Yes, they are.
( )3. There ______ a library near my school.
A. is B. are C. am
按要求完成句子
1.There is a river near the village.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ a river near the village?
2.Are there any students in the classroom?(作否定回答)
______, ______ ______.
点拨
选择题答案及解析
1.答案:A。
解析:后面名词 a book 是单数,be 动词用 is,一般疑问句将 is 提前。
2.答案:B。
解析:Are there...? 的否定回答是 No, there aren't. 必须用 there。
3.答案:A。
解析:a library 是单数名词,be 动词用 is。
句子改写答案及解析
1.答案:Is there
解析:There be 句型变一般疑问句,直接把 is 提到句首。
2.答案:No, there aren't.
解析:Are there 开头的一般疑问句,否定回答统一用 No, there aren't.
现在进行时(be + doing)的用法高频易错点02
现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作。
句型结构
主语 + be 动词(am/is/are)+ 动词现在分词(doing)+ 其他.
动词现在分词变化规则
1.一般直接 + ing:play → playing
2.以不发音 e 结尾,去 e + ing:write → writing
3.重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音字母 + ing:run → running, swim → swimming
例句
What are the men doing in the garden?
那些男人们在花园里干什么?
They're playing Chinese chess.
他们在下中国象棋。
易错点提示
1.现在进行时必须有 be 动词,不能只写 doing。
2.be 动词随主语变化:I-am, you-are, he/she-it-is, 复数-are。
3.注意 doing 的拼写,不要忘记双写或去 e。
小练笔
单项选择
( )1. Look! The boy ______ basketball.
A. play B. is playing C. plays
( )2. —What ______ you ______?
—I'm reading a book.
A. are; do B. is; doing C. are; doing
( )3. They ______ in the classroom now.
A. sing B. are singing C. sings
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Listen! She ______ (sing) Beijing Opera.
2.My father ______ (run) in the park now.
3.—What ______ they ______ (do)?
—They ______ (play) chess.
点拨
选择题答案及解析
1.答案:B。
解析:Look! 是现在进行时标志,结构 be + doing,the boy 是单数,用 is playing。
2.答案:C。
解析:you 搭配 are,现在进行时疑问句:What + are + 主语 + doing?
3.答案:B。
解析:now 是现在进行时标志,they 是复数,用 are singing。
填空题答案及解析
1.答案:is singing
解析:Listen! 提示正在进行,she 搭配 is。
2.答案:is running
解析:now 提示现在进行,run 双写 n + ing。
3.答案:are; doing; are playing
解析:问句和答句都用现在进行时。
Shall I / we...? 提建议句型 高频易错点03
Shall I / we...? 用于提出建议、征求意见,表示“我/我们……好吗?”。
句型结构
Shall I / we + 动词原形 + 其他?
例句
Shall I show you around?
我带你四处参观一下好吗?
常见用法
1.Shall I...? 我做……好吗?(主动提出帮忙)
2.Shall we...? 我们做……好吗?(邀请一起做)
易错点提示
1.shall 后面只能跟动词原形,不能加 to / doing。
2.主语只能是 I 或 we,不能用 you / he / she。
3.这是疑问句,句末用问号。
小练笔
单项选择
( )1. ______ go to the park this afternoon?
A. Shall we B. We shall C. Are we
( )2. Shall I ______ you around our school?
A. to show B. show C. showing
( )3. —Shall we go swimming?
—______.
A. Yes, I do. B. Good idea! C. No, I don’t.
连词成句
1.show, around, I, you, shall (?)
________________________
2.we, go, shall, there (?)
________________________
点拨
选择题答案及解析
1.答案:A。
解析:提建议句型:Shall we + 动词原形...?
2.答案:B。
解析:shall 后面必须跟动词原形,用 show。
3.答案:B。
解析:Shall we...? 表建议,回答可用 Good idea! / OK! / Great!
连词成句答案及解析
1.答案:Shall I show you around?
解析:结构:Shall I + 动词原形 + 其他?
2.答案:Shall we go there?
解析:结构:Shall we + 动词原形 + 地点?5.答案:A。固定搭配 take a good rest,祈使句用动词原形开头,选 A。
综合训练
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1.There ______ (be) a big supermarket near my home.
2.Look! The children ______ (play) football in the neighbourhood park.
3.Shall we ______ (go) to the bookshop this weekend?
4.There ______ (be) some trees and a lake in our community.
5.Listen! My neighbour ______ (sing) songs in the garden.
6.—What ______ your father ______ (do) now? —He ______ (clean) the car near the building.
7.Shall I ______ (show) you around our new neighbourhood?
8.There ______ (not be) a gym in our village before, but now there is one.
9.They ______ (run) on the playground at the moment.
10.—______ (be) there any restaurants near here? —Yes, there are three.
二、单项选择
( )1. —______ there a post office next to the school? —Yes, there is.
A. Are B. Is C. Am
( )2. Look! The girls ______ in the community garden.
A. dance B. dances C. are dancing
( )3. ______ we go to the sports centre this afternoon?
A. Shall B. Do C. Are
( )4. There ______ some milk and two eggs on the table.
A. is B. are C. have
( )5. —What are you doing? —I ______ my homework at home.
A. do B. am doing C. does
( )6. Shall I ______ you the way to the library?
A. showing B. to show C. show
( )7. —Are there any shops in your neighbourhood? —______
A. Yes, there is. B. No, there aren't. C. Yes, they are.
( )8. The boy ______ a kite in the park now.
A. is flying B. fly C. flies
( )9. ______ interesting the neighbourhood is!
A. What B. How C. What an
( )10. —Shall we play chess after school? —______
A. Yes, I do. B. Good idea! C. No, I don't.
三、按要求完成句子
1.There is a library in our neighbourhood.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ a library in your neighbourhood?
2.My brother is reading a book in the study.(对划线部分提问)
______ is your brother ______ in the study?
3.There are some beautiful flowers in the garden.(改为否定句)
There ______ ______ beautiful flowers in the garden.
4.We can go to the cinema.(改为Shall we提建议句型)
______ ______ go to the cinema?
5.The students are playing basketball on the playground.(改为一般疑问句)
______ the students ______ basketball on the playground?
6.There is a bank near the hospital.(改为复数句)
There ______ some ______ near the hospital.
7.I am cleaning my room now.(对划线部分提问)
______ are you ______ now?
8.Shall I open the window?(作肯定回答)
______, ______ ______.
9.There are two supermarkets in our community.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ supermarkets are there in your community?
10.She is watering the plants in the yard.(改为否定句)
She ______ ______ the plants in the yard.
四、补全对话(从方框中选择合适的选项)
A: Hi, Tom! 1_______________
B: Yes, there is a big park next to my building.A. What are they doing?
B. Shall we go and play with them?
C. Are there any children in the park?
D. Is there a park near your home?
E. What's in the park?
A: 2_______________
B: There is a lake, some trees and a playground in it.
A: 3_______________
B: Yes, there are many children there.
A: 4_______________
B: They are playing games and flying kites.
A: 5_______________
B: Great! Let's go!
五、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文
is, are, playing, show, go, am, cleaning, has, fly, shall
My name is Lucy. There ______ a nice neighbourhood where I live. There ______ a small park and a shop in it. My father ______ a car, and he ______ it near our house now. I ______ doing my homework in my room. Outside the window, I can see some children ______ kites in the park. I want to ______ with them. ______ I ______ them around the park first? I think I can ______ them the beautiful lake in the park.
参考答案
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1. is 2. are playing 3. go 4. are 5. is singing
6. are; doing; is cleaning 7. show 8. wasn't 9. are running 10. Are
1. is 解析:句中无明显过去或进行时标志,陈述客观存在的事实,用一般现在时。主语a big supermarket是单数可数名词,there be句型中be动词用is,故填is。
2. are playing 解析:句首Look!是现在进行时的标志词,提示动作正在进行。主语The children是复数,现在进行时结构为“are+动词-ing”,play的-ing形式为playing,故填are playing。
3. go 解析:Shall I/we后接动词原形,是固定用法,用于提出建议,故填go。
4. are 解析:there be句型遵循“就近原则”,即be动词的单复数由靠近它的名词决定。靠近be动词的some trees是复数,故be动词用are。
5. is singing 解析:句首Listen!是现在进行时的标志词,提示动作正在进行。主语My neighbour是单数,现在进行时结构为“is+动词-ing”,sing的-ing形式为singing,故填is singing。
6. are; doing; is cleaning 解析:问句中now是现在进行时标志,用现在进行时特殊疑问句结构“疑问词+be动词+主语+动词-ing”,主语your father是单数,be动词用are,第一空填are,第二空填doing(动词原形);答句呼应现在进行时,主语He是单数,be动词用is,clean的-ing形式为cleaning,第三空填is cleaning。
7. show 解析:Shall I后接动词原形,是固定用法,用于提出建议“我做某事好吗”,故填show。
8. wasn't 解析:句中before(以前)是过去时间标志,提示用一般过去时。主语a gym是单数,there be句型的否定形式为“there wasn't/weren't”,故填wasn't。
9. are running 解析:句中at the moment(此刻、现在)是现在进行时标志,提示动作正在进行。主语They是复数,现在进行时结构为“are+动词-ing”,run的-ing形式为running,故填are running。
10. Are 解析:问句是there be句型的一般疑问句,主语any restaurants是复数,be动词用are,句首首字母大写,故填Are。
二、单项选择
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.B
1.B 解析:问句是there be句型的一般疑问句,答句Yes, there is.提示主语是单数,故be动词用Is,A(复数)、C(主语为I时用)均不符合,故选B。
2.C 解析:句首Look!是现在进行时标志,提示动作正在进行,现在进行时结构为“be+动词-ing”。A(动词原形)、B(第三人称单数)均不符合,故选C。
3.A 解析:Shall we...是固定句型,用于提出建议“我们做某事好吗”,B(Do用于一般现在时疑问句)、C(Are用于现在进行时或主系表结构疑问句)均不符合,故选A。
4.A 解析:there be句型遵循“就近原则”,靠近be动词的milk是不可数名词,视为单数,故be动词用is,B(复数)、C(have不能与there be连用)均不符合,故选A。
5.B 解析:问句What are you doing?是现在进行时,答句需呼应现在进行时,结构为“be+动词-ing”。A(动词原形)、C(第三人称单数)均不符合,故选B。
6.C 解析:Shall I后接动词原形,是固定用法,A(动词-ing形式)、B(动词不定式)均不符合,故选C。
7.B 解析:问句是Are there...开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答为Yes, there are.,否定回答为No, there aren't.。A(搭配单数主语)、C(主语是they时用)均不符合,故选B。
8.A 解析:句中now是现在进行时标志,提示动作正在进行,现在进行时结构为“be+动词-ing”。A(现在进行时)、B(动词原形)、C(第三人称单数),故选A。
9.B 解析:感叹句结构有两种:What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主谓!How+形容词/副词+主谓!句中interesting是形容词,后面直接接主谓the neighbourhood is,符合How引导的感叹句结构,A、C均不符合,故选B。
10.B 解析:问句Shall we...是提出建议,答句需回应建议。A(回应Do you...问句)、C(回应Do you...问句的否定回答)均不符合,B(好主意)是对建议的肯定回应,故选B。
三、按要求完成句子
1. Is there 2. What; doing 3. aren't any 4. Shall we 5. Are; playing
6. are; banks 7. What; doing 8. Yes; please 9. How many 10. isn't watering
1. Is there 解析:原句是there be句型的一般现在时肯定句,改为一般疑问句时,将be动词is提到句首,首字母大写,其余不变,故填Is there。
2. What; doing 解析:划线部分reading a book(看书)是动作,对动作提问用疑问词What;原句是现在进行时,改为疑问句时,将be动词is提到主语前,后面动词用-ing形式doing,故填What和doing。
3. aren't any 解析:原句是there be句型的一般现在时肯定句,改为否定句时,在be动词are后加not,缩写为aren't;肯定句中的some在否定句中变为any,故填aren't any。
4. Shall we 解析:原句We can go...(我们可以去……)改为Shall we提建议句型,直接将We can改为Shall we,后面动词用原形,故填Shall we。
5. Are; playing 解析:原句是现在进行时肯定句,改为一般疑问句时,将be动词Are提到句首,首字母大写,后面动词playing不变,故填Are和playing。
6. are; banks 解析:原句是单数句,改为复数句时,be动词is改为are,单数名词a bank改为复数banks,故填are和banks。
7. What; doing 解析:划线部分cleaning my room(打扫我的房间)是动作,对动作提问用疑问词What;原句是现在进行时,改为疑问句时,将be动词am提到主语前,后面动词用-ing形式doing,故填What和doing。
8. Yes; please 解析:Shall I...(我做某事好吗)的肯定回答固定用Yes, please.,否定回答用No, thank you.,故填Yes; please。
9. How many 解析:划线部分two(两个)是可数名词supermarkets的数量,对可数名词数量提问用疑问词How many,故填How many。
10. isn't watering 解析:原句是现在进行时肯定句,改为否定句时,在be动词is后加not,缩写为isn't,后面动词watering不变,故填isn't watering。
四、补全对话
1.D 2.E 3.C 4.A 5.B
1.D 解析:根据答句Yes, there is a big park next to my building.(是的,我家楼旁边有一个大公园),可知问句是询问“你家附近有公园吗”,选项D(Is there a park near your home?)符合语境,故选D。
2.E 解析:根据答句There is a lake, some trees and a playground in it.(里面有一个湖、一些树和一个操场),可知问句是询问“公园里有什么”,选项E(What's in the park?)符合语境,故选E。
3.C 解析:根据答句Yes, there are many children there.(是的,那里有很多孩子),可知问句是询问“公园里有孩子吗”,选项C(Are there any children in the park?)符合语境,故选C。
4.A 解析:根据答句They are playing games and flying kites.(他们正在玩游戏、放风筝),可知问句是询问“他们正在做什么”,选项A(What are they doing?)符合语境,故选A。
5.B 解析:根据答句Great! Let's go!(好极了!我们走吧),可知问句是提出建议“我们去和他们一起玩好吗”,选项B(Shall we go and play with them?)符合语境,故选B。
五、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文
1.is; 2.are; 3.has; 4.is cleaning; 5.am; 6.flying; 7.go; 8.Shall; 9.show; 10.fly
1. is 解析:第一句陈述“我住的地方有一个漂亮的小区”,用there be句型,主语a nice neighbourhood是单数,故填is。
2. are 解析:there be句型遵循“就近原则”,靠近be动词的a small park是单数,但后面并列了a shop,结合语境,此处强调“有一个小公园和一家商店”,整体视为复数,故填are(或结合就近原则填is也可,此处结合短文流畅度选are)。
3. has 解析:句子陈述“我爸爸有一辆车”,主语My father是第三人称单数,“有”用has,故填has。
4. is cleaning 解析:句中now是现在进行时标志,提示“他正在家附近洗车”,主语he是单数,现在进行时结构为“is+动词-ing”,clean的-ing形式为cleaning,故填is cleaning。
5. am 解析:句子主语是I,现在进行时中be动词用am,故填am。
6. flying 解析:see sb. doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“看见某人正在做某事”,提示“我看见一些孩子正在公园里放风筝”,fly的-ing形式为flying,故填flying。
7. go 解析:want to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“想要做某事”,to后接动词原形,故填go。
8. Shall 解析:根据语境,此处是提出建议“我先带他们参观公园好吗”,Shall I...是固定提建议句型,故填Shall。
9. show 解析:Shall I后接动词原形,show sb. around是固定搭配,意为“带某人参观”,故填show。
10. fly 解析:情态动词can后接动词原形,结合语境“我可以带他们看公园里漂亮的湖”,此处fly符合句意(或结合前文flying,此处表“放风筝”,fly用原形),故填fly。
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