Unit 4 Neighbourhood（易错题专项练习·基础知识）英语鲁科版五四制五年级下册

Unit 4 Neighbourhood 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.方位介词 next to /beside/near 的辨析 2.show sb. around /show sth. to sb. 的用法 3. enjoy 的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 He lives next to me.（他住在我隔壁。） And there is a supermarket beside it.（它旁边有一家超市。） The school is near the garden.（学校在花园附近。） 易错点提示 next to：强调 “紧挨着、隔壁”，空间距离最小，几乎没有间隔。 beside：表示 “在…… 旁边”，与 next to 含义接近，可互换，侧重 “并排”。 near：表示 “在…… 附近”，距离相对较远，不强调 “紧挨着”。 口诀：next to 是隔壁，beside 在旁边，near 是附近，距离有差异。 小练笔 ( ) 1.The library is ______ the classroom building. We can go there on foot in 2 minutes. A. next to B. beside C. near D. from ( ) 2.My home is ______ the hospital, so my mom can walk to work every day. A. next to B. near C. beside D. of 3.The supermarket is beside the park.（改为同义句） The supermarket is ______ ______ the park. 学校在我家附近，我每天步行上学。（翻译句子） 4.The school is ______ my home. I walk to school every day. 5.邮局就在银行旁边。（翻译句子） The post office is ______ the bank. 点拨 1.选 C。“步行 2 分钟” 说明距离有一定间隔，用 near 表示 “附近” 最贴切；next to /beside 强调 “紧挨着”，不符合语境。 2.选 A。“妈妈每天步行上班” 说明家与医院距离极近，用 next to（隔壁）最符合语境。 3.答案：next to。beside 和 next to 含义相近，可互换。 4.答案：near。 5.答案：beside /next to。 高频易错点02 Shall I show you around?（我带你四处看看好吗？） He shows me the map. = He shows the map to me.（他把地图给我看。） 易错点提示 show sb. around + 地点：表示“带某人参观某地”，around 是副词，后直接接地点名词。 show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth.：双宾语结构，表示“把某物展示给某人看”。 口诀：show sb. around 带参观，show sb. sth. 给人看；双宾语，可互换，sth. 前要加 to。 小练笔 ( )1. Let me ______ the new library. It’s very big. A. show you around B. show you to C. show around you D. show you in ( )2. Can you ______ your new photos ______ me? A. show; to B. show; for C. show; in D. show; at 3.He shows his homework to the teacher.（改为同义句） He ______ the teacher ______ homework. 4.我可以带你参观我们的社区吗？（翻译句子） Can I ______ ______ ______ our neighbourhood? 5.请把你的新篮球给我看看。（翻译句子） Please ______ your new basketball ______ me. 点拨 1.选A。show sb. around 是固定搭配，表示“带某人参观”，sb. 放在 show 和 around 之间。 2.选A。show sth. to sb. 是固定结构，表示“把某物展示给某人看”。 3.答案：shows; his。show sb. sth. 与 show sth. to sb. 同义。 4.答案：show you around。 5.答案：show; to。 高频易错点03 Do you enjoy your stay in Beijing?（你在北京过得愉快吗？） They are enjoying themselves.（他们玩得很开心。） I enjoy reading storybooks.（我喜欢读故事书。） 易错点提示 enjoy + 名词/代词：表示“喜欢某物/享受某事”。 enjoy + doing sth.：表示“喜欢做某事”，doing 必须是动名词形式，不能接不定式 to do。 enjoy oneself：表示“玩得开心”，oneself 要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。 口诀：enjoy 后接 doing，不能 to do 跟；oneself 要对应，玩得开心真尽兴。 小练笔 ( ) 1.We all enjoy ______ in the park on Sundays. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played ( ) 2.They enjoyed ______ at the party last night. A. them B. themselves C. their D. theirs 3.I enjoy listening to music.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ listening to music. 4.孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。（翻译句子） The children are ______ ______ in the park. 5.她喜欢在社区里散步。（翻译句子） She enjoys ______ in the neighbourhood. 点拨 1.选C。enjoy 后接动词时，必须用动名词 doing 形式。 2.选B。enjoy oneself 表示“玩得开心”，oneself 要与主语 they 一致，用 themselves。 3.答案：don't enjoy。 4.答案：enjoying themselves。 5.答案：walking。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.My father often ______ (show) me around his office on weekends. 2.We all enjoy ______ (walk) in the neighbourhood after dinner. 3.There ______ (be) a park and two supermarkets near my home. 4.She ______ (not enjoy) playing football, but she likes playing basketball. 5.Look! The girl ______ (show) her new toy to her friends. 6.It's my turn ______ (clean) the community garden. 7.They ______ (live) next to the library last year. 8.My mother ______ (tell) me the way to the supermarket just now. 9.He enjoys ______ (read) books in the community reading room. 10.Let's ______ (go) to the park near our home. 二、单项选择题 ( )1. The bookstore is ______ the bank. We can get there in one minute. A. near B. next to C. far from D. behind ( )2. Can you ______ me around your new neighbourhood? A. show B. shows C. showing D. to show ( )3. My sister enjoys ______ pictures in the garden near our home. A. draw B. to draw C. drawing D. draws ( )4. There is a big garden ______ our classroom building. A. beside B. to C. for D. from ( )5. —Do you enjoy your stay in our neighbourhood? Comment by WPS_1742658946: C D选项矛盾 —______ A. Yes, I am. B. No, I don't. C. Yes, I do. D. No, I not. ( )6. He ______ his new bike ______ his classmates yesterday. A. show; to B. showed; for C. showed; to D. show; for ( )7. The zoo is ______ our home, so we go there by bus every time. A. next to B. beside C. near D. far from ( )8. Let me ______ you my new house in the neighbourhood. A. show B. shows C. showing D. to show ( )9. Each student in our class ______ a nice bag. A. have B. has C. is having D. are having ( )10. —Where is the community centre? —It's ______ the supermarket and the hospital. A. between B. next to C. beside D. near 三、句型转换 1.The park is near the school.（改为同义句） The park is not ______ ______ the school. 2.She shows me her new neighbourhood.（改为同义句） She ______ her new neighbourhood ______ me. 3.We enjoy playing in the community park.（改为否定句） We ______ ______ playing in the community park. 4.My home is next to the library.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ your home? 5.He walks to the supermarket near his home every day.（改为一般过去时） He ______ to the supermarket near his home yesterday. 6.They show around their new house to us.（改错题，写出正确句子） ______________________________ 7.I enjoy reading in the neighbourhood library.（改为一般疑问句） ______ you ______ reading in the neighbourhood library? 8.There is a shop beside the community centre.（改为复数句） There ______ some ______ beside the community centre. 四、根据中文提示补全句子/汉译英 1.图书馆在少年宫的旁边。 The library is ______ ______ ______ the Children's Palace. 2.我可以带你参观我们的社区。 I can ______ ______ ______ our neighbourhood. 3.他喜欢在社区的花园里跑步。 He enjoys ______ in the garden of the neighbourhood. 4.我家附近有一家新的超市。 There is a new supermarket ______ my home. 5.她把她的新滑板展示给社区里的小朋友看。 She ______ her new skateboard ______ the kids in the neighbourhood. 6.他们在社区活动中心玩得很开心。 They ______ ______ in the community activity centre. 7.邮局紧挨着银行，你很容易找到。 The post office is ______ ______ the bank. You can find it easily. 8.我的奶奶喜欢在附近的广场上跳舞。 My grandma enjoys ______ in the square ______ ______. 9.轮到他打扫社区的健身区了。 It's ______ ______ ______ clean the fitness area of the neighbourhood. 10.社区里有很多树和花，我们都很喜欢这里。 There are many trees and flowers in the neighbourhood, and we all ______ ______ here. 五、连词成句 1.near, my, home, is, the, school (.) __________________________________________ 2.you, around, shall, I, show, the, park (?) __________________________________________ 3.enjoy, we, walking, the, in, street, neighbourhood (.) __________________________________________ 4.next to, the, is, bookstore, the, cinema (.) __________________________________________ 5.she, her, to, friend, shows, the, way, the, supermarket (.) __________________________________________ 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.shows 2. walking 3. is 4. doesn't enjoy 5. is showing 6. to clean 7. lived 8. told 9. reading 10. go 1.shows 解析：句中“often”表明是一般现在时，主语“my father”是第三人称单数，谓语动词“show”用三单形式“shows”，句意为“我爸爸周末经常带我参观他的办公室”。 2.walking 解析：“enjoy”后接动词时，必须用动名词doing形式，“walk”的动名词是“walking”，句意为“我们都喜欢晚饭后在小区里散步”。 3.is 解析：there be句型遵循“就近原则”，靠近be动词的名词“a park”是单数，故be动词用“is”，句意为“我家附近有一个公园和两家超市”。 4.doesn't enjoy 解析：主语“she”是第三人称单数，一般现在时的否定句需用助动词“doesn't”，后接动词原形“enjoy”，句意为“她不喜欢踢足球，但她喜欢打篮球”。 5.is showing 解析：“Look!”提示动作正在进行，用现在进行时（be + 现在分词）；主语“the girl”是第三人称单数，be动词用“is”，“show”的现在分词是“showing”，句意为“看！那个女孩正在给她的朋友们看她的新玩具”。 6.to clean 解析：“It's one's turn to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“轮到某人做某事”，故填“to clean”，句意为“轮到我打扫社区花园了”。 7.lived 解析：句中“last year”表明是一般过去时，“live”的过去式是“lived”，句意为“他们去年住在图书馆隔壁”。 8.told 解析：句中“just now”（刚才）表明是一般过去时，“tell”的过去式是“told”，句意为“我妈妈刚才告诉了我去超市的路”。 9.reading 解析：“enjoy”后接动词时用动名词形式，“read”的动名词是“reading”，句意为“他喜欢在社区阅览室看书”。 10.go 解析：“Let's”后接动词原形，是固定用法，句意为“我们去我家附近的公园吧”。 二、单项选择题 1.B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A 1.B 解析：根据“一分钟就能到”可知距离极近，“next to”表示“紧挨着、隔壁”，符合语境；“near”表示有一定距离的附近，“far from”是远离，“behind”是在后面，故选B。 2.A 解析：“can”是情态动词，后接动词原形，“show sb. around”是固定搭配，意为“带某人参观”，故选A。 3.C 解析：“enjoy”后接动词的动名词形式，“draw”的动名词是“drawing”，句意为“我妹妹喜欢在我家附近的花园里画画”，故选C。 4.A 解析：“beside”表示“在……旁边”，符合“教学楼旁边有一个大花园”的语境；“to”向、“for”为了、“from”从，均不符合句意，故选A。 5.C 解析：以“Do you...”开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答是“Yes, I do.”，否定回答是“No, I don't.”，结合语境选C。 6.C 解析：句中“yesterday”表明是一般过去时，“show”的过去式是“showed”；“show sth. to sb.”是固定结构，意为“把某物展示给某人看”，故选C。 7.D 解析：根据“每次坐公交去”可知动物园离我家远，“far from”表示“远离”，符合语境；“next to”“beside”是靠近，“near”是附近，故选D。 8.A 解析：“Let me”后接动词原形，“show sb. sth.”是固定搭配，意为“给某人看某物”，故选A。 9.B 解析：“each student”（每个学生）作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“have”的三单形式是“has”，故选B。 10.A 解析：“between...and...”是固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”，符合句意；“next to”“beside”后接单数名词，“near”无此搭配，故选A。 三、句型转换 1.far from 2. shows; to 3. don't enjoy 4. Where is 5. walked 6. They show us around their new house. 7. Do; enjoy 8. are; shops 1.far from 解析：“near”（在附近）的同义表达是“not far from”（不远），句意为“公园在学校附近”。 2.shows; to 解析：“show sb. sth.”的同义短语是“show sth. to sb.”，原句是一般现在时，主语“she”是三单，“show”用“shows”，句意为“她给我看她的新小区”。 3.don't enjoy 解析：主语“we”是第一人称复数，一般现在时的否定句用助动词“don't”，后接动词原形“enjoy”，句意为“我们不喜欢在社区公园玩”。 4.Where is 解析：画线部分“next to the library”是地点，对地点提问用“where”，主语“my home”是单数，be动词用“is”，句意为“你家在哪里？”。 5.walked 解析：一般过去时中，“walk”的过去式是“walked”，句意为“他昨天步行去了他家附近的超市”。 6.They show us around their new house. 解析：“show sb. around + 地点”是固定搭配，sb.要放在“show”和“around”之间，原句代词位置错误，修正后意为“他们带我们参观了他们的新房子”。 7.Do; enjoy 解析：主语“I”是第一人称，一般现在时的一般疑问句用助动词“Do”开头，后接动词原形“enjoy”，句意为“你喜欢在小区图书馆看书吗？”。 8.are; shops 解析：there be句型的复数形式，be动词换为“are”，可数名词“shop”的复数是“shops”，句意为“社区中心旁边有一些商店”。 四、根据中文提示补全句子/汉译英 1.beside; next to 2. show you around 3. running 4. near 5. shows; to 6. enjoy themselves 7. next to 8. dancing; near here 9. his turn to 10. enjoy staying 1.beside; next to 解析：“在……旁边”可译为“beside”或“next to”，二者在此处可互换。 2.show you around 解析：“带某人参观某地”的固定搭配是“show sb. around + 地点”，情态动词“can”后接动词原形。 3.running 解析：“enjoy”后接动词的动名词形式，“跑步”的动名词是“running”。 4.near 解析：“在……附近”用介词“near”，符合语境。 5.shows; to 解析：“把某物展示给某人看”用“show sth. to sb.”，主语“she”是三单，“show”用三单形式“shows”。 6.enjoy themselves 解析：“玩得很开心”的固定表达是“enjoy oneself”，主语“they”对应反身代词“themselves”。 7.next to 解析：“紧挨着”用固定搭配“next to”，强调距离极近。 8.dancing; near here 解析：“enjoy”后接动名词，“跳舞”的动名词是“dancing”；“在附近”译为“near here”。 9.his turn to 解析：“It's one's turn to do sth.”是固定句型，“他的”用形容词性物主代词“his”。 10.enjoy staying 解析：“喜欢做某事”用“enjoy doing sth.”，“待在这里”的动名词形式是“staying here”，此处省略“here”，直接用“enjoy staying”即可。 五、连词成句 1.The school is near my home. 2.Shall I show you around the park? 3.We enjoy walking in the neighbourhood street. 4.The bookstore is next to the cinema. 5.She shows her friend the way to the supermarket. 1.The school is near my home. 解析：这是there be句型的陈述句，“the school”是主语，“near my home”作表语，表地点。 2.Shall I show you around the park? 解析：“Shall I...?”是提建议的句型，后接动词原形，“show you around the park”是固定搭配。 3.We enjoy walking in the neighbourhood street. 解析：主语是“we”，“enjoy walking”是谓语，“in the neighbourhood street”作地点状语。 4.The bookstore is next to the cinema. 解析：陈述句，“the bookstore”是主语，“next to the cinema”作表语，表位置。 5.She shows her friend the way to the supermarket. 解析：主语是“she”，“shows her friend the way”用了“show sb. sth.”结构，“to the supermarket”作定语修饰“the way”。 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $