Unit7 课时5 Grammar in Use（课件）【趣味课堂】英语仁爱科普版八年级下册

该初中英语课件聚焦后缀 -al 构词法与时间状语从句，通过图片情境（如“magic→magical”）和对话实例（如“After I finish homework, we can play”）导入，搭建从具体词例到语法规则的学习支架，衔接词形变化与句式应用的知识脉络。 其亮点在于系统梳理 -al 后缀构成形容词（如 nation→national）和名词（如 arrive→arrival）的规则，结合时间状语从句连词（when/while/before 等）及时态规律（主将从现等），通过即时练习和分层作业（基础抄写、提高写作、拓展分析）培养学生语言能力与思维品质。学生能在应用中深化语法理解，教师可借助结构化内容提升教学效率。

Exploring Lesson 5 Grammar in Use Unit 7 Be a Better Learner! The suffix -al & Adverbial clause of time ·CONTENTS· 01 ~ Lead in 02 ~ The suffix -al 04 ~ Practice 05 ~ Language points 03 ~ Adverbial clause of time 06 ~ Exercise&Homework Lesson Objectives: In this lesson, we will be able to: 1. Grasp the usage of suffix -al to form adjectives; master tense rules of adverbial clauses of time (when/while/before/after/until). 2. Use -al adjectives and adverbial clauses of time in dialogues, exercises, and real-life scenarios accurately. Complete textbook activities and extended practice tasks. 3. Write a short passage about learning experiences using target grammar; reflect on the importance of effective learning methods. Activity 1 Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold. Is the book the same as ours? Why? No, it isn’t. Because it has magic. A book is a magical world. Anything can happen in books. magic (n.魔法) + -al → magical adj.神奇的 Activity 1 Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold. In the digital age, computers and smart phones are important parts of people's life. The girl has a natural ability to learn languages. digit (n.数字) + -al → digital adj.数字的 nature (n.自然) + 去e-+ al → natural adj.自然的 in the digital age 在数字时代 a natural ability to do sth. 做某事的天赋 Language points Activity 1 1. In the digital age, computers and smart phones are important parts of people’s life. 在数字时代，电脑和智能手机是人们生活的重要组成部分。 digital adj. “数字的；数码的”。 in the digital age “在数字时代”。 e.g. Everything is changing rapidly in the digital age. 在数字时代，一切都在快速变化。 归纳：digital TV 数字电视 a digital signal 数字信号 a digital camera 数码相机 digital media 数字媒体 a digital wallet 数字钱包 a digital watch 电子手表 【即时练习】 在数字时代，我们几乎不用手写东西。 _____ ______ ________ _______, we almost never write things by hand. In the digital age The suffix -al grammar 英语中，-al 是个极为常用的后缀，它主要有两种功能，一是把 名词变为形容词，二是把动词变为名词。其变化规则和具体用法如下： 1）构成形容词 后缀 -al 添加到名词之后，能够赋予该词“与……相关”或者 “具有…… 性质的”的含义。其变化规则如下： （1）一般情况直接加 -al 名词 形容词 nation 国家 national 国家的;全国的 music 音乐 musical 音乐的 person 人 personal 个人的 E.g. She’s fighting for a place in the ___________ team. 她正努力争取加入国家队。 She has a __________ talent. 她有音乐天赋。 This is my __________ information. 这是我的个人隐私。 national musical personal The suffix -al grammar （2）以 -e 结尾的名词，去 -e 加 -al 名词 形容词 globe 地球 global 全球的 culture 文化 cultural 文化的 nature 自然 natural 自然的 E.g. In a word, the internet has a __________ influence. 总之，互联网具有全球影响力。 We have many __________ festivals. 我们有很多文化性的节日。 Plants grow in __________ conditions. 植物在自然环境中生长。 global cultural natural The suffix -al grammar （3）以 -y 结尾的名词，变 -y 为 -i 再加 -cal 名词 形容词 history 历史 historical 历史的 ecology 生态 ecological 生态的 E.g. This is a ____________ event. 这是一起历史事件。 The ___________ environment is becoming better. 生态环境正在好转。 historical ecological The suffix -al grammar （4）特殊拼写（无固定规则，需记忆） 名词 形容词 center 中心 central 在中心的 society 社会 social 社交的；社会的 E.g. The park is in the __________ area. 公园在中心区域。 — Teamwork helps children a lot in __________ skills. 团队协作对孩子们的交际能力有很大帮助。 —You’re right. 你说得对。 central social The suffix -al grammar 2）构成名词 后缀 -al 加在动词后，构成名词，通常表示“行为、过程或结果”。 （1）直接加 -al 动词 名词 dismiss 解雇 dismissal 解雇；撤职；开除 E.g. Mr. Yang’s dismissal brought him a lot of problems. 被免职给杨先生的生活带来了很多问题。 The suffix -al grammar （2）去 -e 加 -al 动词 名词 propose 提议；建议 proposal 建议；提议 survive 生存；存活；幸存 survival 生存；存活；幸存 arrive 到达 arrival 到达 refuse 拒绝 refusal 拒绝 E.g. The official’s ___________ was supported by the people. 这位官员的提议得到了民众的支持。 They are fighting for __________. 他们正在为生存而拼搏。 We apologize for the late __________ of the train. 我们为火车误点表示歉意。 Her __________ surprised us. 她的拒绝让我们惊讶。 proposal survival arrival refusal The suffix -al grammar （3）变 -y 为 -i 再加 -al 动词 名词 deny 否认；否定 denial 否认；否定 bury 埋葬；安葬 burial 埋葬；葬礼 E.g. The thief is still in _________, though the police have found the proof that he stole the bike. 这位窃贼仍然拒不承认，尽管警方已经发现了他偷窃自行车的证据。 Many people went to the old man’s _________. 许多人参加了这位老人的葬礼。 denial burial Activity 2 Make new words with the suffix -al and then complete the sentences. + form person nation music al 1. She is from a __________ family, and her husband is also a musician. 2. He is a member of the __________ team. 3. Young children begin their __________ education at six. 4. He wrote the novel from his __________ experiences. musical national formal personal Activity 3 Read the text and tick the correct words. Suppose you move to a foreign country but don’t speak the language. Think about why and how you learn a new language. You are not learning the language just for (education / educational) purpose. Instead, you learn it to satisfy your (person / personal) needs. You should be able to understand others and make yourself understood. So, on the one hand, you have (practice / practical) goals of listening, speaking, reading and writing; on the other hand, you are using the language to do real things in your daily life. Now think about learning a foreign language at home. Except for a (nature / natural) language use environment, what else is similar in your learning activities? And how can you make up for the loss of the language use environment? satisfy one’s needs 满足某人的需要 be able to do sth. 有能力做某事 make oneself understood 让人理解自己 on the one hand...on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面…… in one’s daily life 在日常生活中 except for 除了 be similar in 在某方面相似 make up for 弥补；补偿 Activity 3 Read the text again and mark T or F according to the text. ( ) 1. You are learning the foreign language just for educational purpose. ( ) 2. You should make yourself understood. ( ) 3. There are five practical goals mentioned. ( ) 4. You are using the language to do real things in your daily life. ( ) 5. The question is how you can make up for the loss of the language use environment. F T F four T T Language points Activity 3 2. Suppose you move to a foreign country but don’t speak the language. 假设你移居国外但不会说该国语言。 1）suppose v. “假定；假设；推断”。 e.g. Let’s suppose someone falls into the river. What will you do? 假设有人落水了，你将怎么做？ 拓展：suppose 认为，推断，料想/我看，要我说，要不 be supposed to do/be sth. 应该，应，该，须 注意：当 suppose 在句中作谓语且后跟 that引导的从句时，从句是否定句 时应该进行否定前移，即在形式上对主句进行否定。 e.g. I don’t suppose you can finish your work in three hours. ( √ ) 我觉得你不可能在3小时内完成工作。 I suppose you can’t finish your work in three hours. (×) 2）foreign adj. “外国的；涉外的”。 拓展：foreigner 为其名词形式，意为“外国人”。 Language points Activity 3 2. Suppose you move to a foreign country but don’t speak the language. 假设你移居国外但不会说该国语言。 e.g. It’s not easy to learn a foreign language, but it may be more difficult for foreigners to learn Chinese. 学习一门外语不容易，但对外国人来说学习汉语可能更难。 【即时练习】 1) To catch the train, Tom ________ arrive at the station before six o’clock. A. is supposed to B. supposes to C. will suppose to 2）Wow, one of the ________ can speak three ________ languages. A. foreigners; foreign B. foreigners; foreigner C. foreigner; foreign D. foreign; foreigner A A Language points Activity 3 3. Instead, you learn it to satisfy your personal needs. 相反，你学习它是为了满足你的个人需求。 1）satisfy v. “使满足；使满意”。 e.g. What I did satisfied my parents. 我做的事让我父母很满意。 拓展：satisfy v. 使满意;使满足→ satisfied adj. 满意的,满足的(修饰人) be satisfied with sb./sth.= be pleased with sb./sth. 对某人/某物感到满意 →satisfying adj. 令人满意的,令人高兴的(修饰事物)→ satisfaction n.满足;满意;称心(常用作不可数名词 a feeling/sense of satisfaction 满足感 to one’s satisfaction 让某人满意的是) Language points Activity 3 3. Instead, you learn it to satisfy your personal needs. 相反，你学习它是为了满足你的个人需求。 2）personal adj. “个人的；私人的”，通常用于名词前作定语。 【即时练习】 1) Not only the students but also the teacher ________ their progress in the last exam. A. was pleased to B. was satisfied with C. were popular to 2) —After months of hard work, I finally finished my science project, and the result was quite ________. —Wow! You must feel really ________ now! A. satisfying, satisfied B. satisfied, satisfying C. satisfying, satisfying D. satisfied, satisfied B A Language points Activity 3 4. You should be able to understand others and make yourself understood. 你应该能够理解别人，也让能别人理解你。 1）able adj. “能；能够”。be able to do sth. “有能力做某事”。 e.g. He was able to speak English when he was four. 他 4 岁时就会说英语了。 拓展：able adj. “能；能够”→ ability n. “能力” 2）others，代词，泛指其他的人或物，常与 some 连用，构成 some...others... 结构，意为“一些……另一些……”。 e.g. Some students like playing basketball while others like playing football. 一些同学喜欢打篮球，另一些同学则喜欢踢足球。 3）make oneself understood “让人理解自己” e.g. I spoke English slowly to make myself understood by my foreign friends. 我英语讲得很慢以便我的外国朋友能听懂我说的话。 【即时练习】1) In the library, some students are reading quietly, and _______ are taking notes. A. another B. other C. others D. the other 2) When you speak, you should make others ____ you and make yourself ____. A. hear; understand B. hear; understood C. heard; understood C B Language points Activity 3 5. Except for a natural language use environment, what else is similar in your learning activities? 除了自然的语言使用环境，你们的学习活动 还有什么相似之处？ 1）except，介词，意为“除……之外”， 用于所言不包括的人或事物前。 如果用在句子开头，必须用 except for 接名词。 e.g. Everyone is here except/except for Tom. 除了汤姆之外所有人都来了。 Except for Sunday, the shop is open every day. 除了周日，这家店每天都开门。 2）be similar in sth. 意为“在某方面相似”。 e.g. The two girls are similar in personality. 这两个女孩儿性格十分相似。 拓展：be similar to “与.....相似”，强调整体或本质相似。 【及时练习】 —Is that your hat, Nancy? —No. It is similar ________ mine. But my hat is new. A. to B. from C. with A Language points Activity 3 5. 辨析：except，besides 和 but 【及时练习】 1) The following words all have the same suffix (后缀) EXCEPT _______. A. feel B. mean C. sick D. meet 2) Everyone attended the meeting _______ the manager, who was stuck in traffic and couldn’t arrive on time. A. beside B. except C. except for D. except that 单词 词性 意思 用法 except 介词;连词;动词 除.....之外 指从整体中排除掉except后的部分，常与all、everybody、everything等词连用。 besides 介词; 副词 除.....之外（还） 指在原来的基础上加上besides后的部分。 but 介词;连词;副词;名词 除.....以外 but后是仅有或仅存的内容，尤用于nothing、no、all、any、anyone、everything、everyone等词后。 当but前有实义动词do时，but后的不定式需省去to。 have no choice but to do 除了做某事外别无选择 C B Language points Activity 3 6. And how can you make up for the loss of the language use environment? 你如何能够弥补语言使用环境的缺失？ make up for “弥补（不良情况）；补偿（失去之物）”。 e.g. He was not clever enough, but he made up for it with hard work. 他不够聪明，但他用勤奋来弥补。 拓展：make up sth. 构成 be made up of sth. 由.....组成/构成 make sth. up 编造，假装/创作，编写（故事、歌曲、游戏等） make sb. up 给某人化妆 make sth. up 补上，补回（时间或工作） make up with sb. （非正式）与某人和解，可与make peace with sb. 互换。 【即时练习】我的同班同学在我生病时帮我补习了落下的功课。 My classmate helped me ______ ______ ______ the missed lessons when I was ill. make up for Activity 1 Pair work. Read the conversation. Pay attention to the conjunctions of time. Kangkang, would you like to play basketball with me? Sure. But I have to do my homework first. After I finish it, we can play together. OK! Please tell me as soon as you finish your homework. No problem. Before I leave home, I will call you. 时间状语从句 when, while, after, before, as soon as, till, until是引导时间状语 从句的从属连词。时间状语从句表示主句动作发生的时间。 时间状语从句 as soon as 一...就... 时间状语从句 你能观察出主从句的时态有什么规律吗？ Language points Activity 3 7. Please tell me as soon as you finish your homework. 作业一完成就请立刻告诉我。 as soon as 意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作 紧接从句动作发生，两个动作间几乎没有间隔。 时态 当从句部分用一般现在时态时,主句应该用将来时态或一般现在时。 当从句部分用一般过去时,主句应该用一般过去时或过去完成时。 一般真理用一般现在时。 e.g. I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing. （主将从现） 一到北京我就会给你打电话。 He rushed as soon as the race began. （两个动作都已发生，主从句皆为过去时） 比赛一开始他就冲出去了。 【即时练习】We ______ to the countryside to pick fruits as soon as the harvest season begins. A. will go B. have gone C. go D. went A Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar 1）概念： 时间状语从句是英语中常用的从句类型，由时间连词，如 when、while、before、after、until、as soon as 等引导，用于说明主句动作发生的时间背景，即主句动作与从句动作在时间上的先后、同时或伴随等关系。 其核心作用是明确两个（或多个）动作发生的时间逻辑，如 “当……的时侯”“在……之前”“直到……才”等。时间状语从句的时态需遵循“主将从现（主句将来时，从句现在时）”等规则，且需注意主从句动词的“延续性”与“非延续性”对连词选择的影响。 2）常用时间连词引导的从句用法 （1）when 引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 ① 从句动作与主句动作可同时发生，也可有先后顺序。从句谓语动词可接延续性动词（如 read、study）或非延续性动词（如come、stop）。 e.g. When I opened the door, I saw a cat.（动作先后） 我开门时，看到了一只猫。 She sings when she walks.（同时发生）她边走边唱。 Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar ② 时态 主句 从句 用法 一般现在时 一般现在时 表示习惯性动作或客观事实。 现在进行时 强调动作正在进行。 一般将来时 一般现在时 时间状语从句中，用现在时代替将来时。 现在进行时 一般现在时 表示习惯性动作或客观事实。 现在进行时 强调主句和从句的动作同时进行。 过去时 一般过去时 表示过去同时发生的动作。 过去进行时 强调过去某一动作正在进行。 Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar e.g. When he comes tomorrow, I __________ him the news. 明天他来时，我会告诉他这个消息。 My mother ___________ when I arrive home. 当我到家时妈妈正在做饭。 The students ___________ happily when the teacher came into the classroom. 当老师走进教室的时候同学们正聊得开心。 注意：当主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时态时，强调前一个动作 在后一动作过程中发生，此时 when 可与 while 互换。 e.g. The telephone rang when/while I was doing my homework. 当我正在写作业的时候电话铃响了。 is cooking will tell were talking Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar （2）while 引导的时间状语从句 表示“在……期间；当……的时候”。其用法如下： 主句 从句 用法 延续性动词 延续性动词 强调主句与从句动作同时持续进行，主从句动词都必须是延续性动词。常搭配过去进行时（主从句均用进行时，突出“同时进行”） 短暂性动词 强调前一个动作在后一个动作过程中发生，此时可与 when 互换。 Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar e.g. While my dad was washing the car, I _____________ the room. （同时持续进行） 爸爸洗车时，我在打扫房间。 The dog barked while/when we were eating. （主句用一般过去时，从句过去进行时） 我们吃饭时，狗在叫。 You can see a film while/when we are shopping. （主句用一般现在时，从句过去进行时） 你可以在我们购物时去看电影。 注意：while 引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若遇非延续性 动词，如 come、stop 等，需用 when 替换。 e.g. When the bell rang, we were having class. 铃响时，我们正在上课。 was cleaning Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar （3）as 引导的时间状语从句 ① 意为“当……时；随着”，表示“某事一发生，另一事随即发生”或“从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生”。 e.g. As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. （某事一发生，另一事随即发生） 太阳一出来，雾就消散了。 The students took notes as they listened. （动作同时发生）学生们边听课边做笔记。 Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar ② 时态 主句 从句 用法 主从句动作同时发生 一般过去时 一般过去时 表示过去同时发生的动作。 一般现在时 表示现在习惯或客观事实。 主句将来时，从句现在时 一般将来时 一般现在时 时间状语从句中不用将来时。 强调动作的渐进性 主从句时态一致，常用一般现在时或一般过去时。 e.g. She smiled as she ________ the gift. （主过从过） 她打开礼物时笑了。 As the temperature drops, water freezes. （主现从现） 温度下降时，水会结冰。 I will text you as I _________ the office. （主将从现） 我离开办公室时会给你发消息。 As he grew older, he became wiser. （强调动作的渐进性） 随着年龄增长，他变得更睿智。 leave opened Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar （4）before 引导的时间状语从句 ① 表示 “在……之前”，即从句动作发生在主句动作之后（先有主句， 后有从句）。 ② 时态：一般现在时、一般过去时或“主将从现”（主句将来时，从句 现在时）。 e.g. I always ________ milk before I go to bed. （喝牛奶在睡觉前，一般现在时）我睡前总是喝牛奶。 He finished his homework before he ________ to bed. （完成作业在睡觉前，一般过去时） 他在睡前完成了作业。 He ____________ the work before you come. （主将从现）在你到来前，他会完成工作。 will finish went drink Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar （5）after 引导的时间状语从句 ① 表示“在……之后”，即从句动作发生在主句动作之前（先有从句， 后有主句）。 ② 时态：过去时或“主将从现”。 e.g. After the rain stopped, we played football. （雨停在先，一般过去时） 雨停后，我们踢了足球。 She __________ shopping after she finishes her homework. （主将从现） 做完作业后，她会去购物。 （6）until 引导的时间状语从句 ① 表示“直到……为止”。 ② 具体用法如下表： will go Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar 句式结构 时态 用法 结构为“主句（肯定）+ until + 从句”，主句谓语动词通常是延续性动词，如 wait、stay、work 等。 “主将从现”或主从句均用过去时。   用于肯定句中，表示动作持续到从句发生，意为“一直做……直到……”。 结构为“not...until...”，意 为“ 直 到 …… 才 ……”， 主 句 谓 语 动词通常是短暂性动词，如 star、leave 等。 用于否定句中，表示动作直到从句的动作发生时才开始。 e.g. We will stay here until the rain _________. （ 主将从现） 我们会待在这里，直到雨停。 He ________ until his mother came back. （肯定句，主句用延续性动词） 他一直等到妈妈回来。 I ____________ to bed until I finished my homework. （否定句，主句用短暂性动词） 直到做完作业我才睡觉。 stops waited didn’t go Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar （7）as soon as 引导的时间状语从句 ① 意为“一……就……”，表示主句动作紧接着从句动作发生。 ② 时态 主句 从句 用法 一般现在时 一般现在时 表示习惯性动作或客观事实。 一般将来时 一般现在时 表示将来动作 （时间状语从句中不用将来时）。 一般过去时 一般过去时 表示过去接连发生的动作。 过去进行时 强调过去某一动作正在进行。 Adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句 grammar 特殊情况：主句为祈使句（动词原形） 时，从句用 一般现在时。 e.g. I will call you as soon as I _______ to Beijing. （主将从现） 一到北京我就会给你打电话。 He ________ as soon as the bell rang. （两个动作都已发生，时态保持一致） 铃声一响他就离开了。 _________ me a message as soon as you get home. （主句是祈使句） 你一到家就给我发消息。 3）通用注意事项 （1）主将从现：主句为将来时、祈使句或含情态动词时， 从句用现在时表将来。 e.g. Call me when he arrives. 当他到了给我打电话。 （2）动词性质：while 后接延续性动词，when 后可接任意动词； until 肯定句接延续性动词，否定句接非延续性动词。 （3）逻辑顺序：before/after 需明确动作先后，避免颠倒。 e.g. After I eat breakfast, I go to school. 吃完早饭后，我去上学。 Send left get Activity 2 Complete the table and learn how to use the conjunctions. Adverbial Clause of Time Conjunction Example when, while I was working on a math problem ________ the bell rang. I’m taking notes ________ they are discussing in group. before, after I often search for information online _______ I cook a new dish. We went home ________ we finished our homework. until I _______________ (not understand) the meaning of “socialism” ________ I looked it up in the dictionary. when while before after didn’t understand until Activity 3 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb phrases. do her homework brush his teeth wash the apple water the flowers 1. While Li Xiang is watching TV, Liu Mei is ______________________. 2. After Jim gets up in the morning, he always ___________________ first. 3. I will _________________ before I eat it. 4. When I came back, my grandma was ______________________. doing her homework brushes his teeth wash the apple watering the flowers Activity 3 Pair work. Make up new sentences with the conjunctions, then share with others. Adverbial Clause of Time Conjunction Sentences when, while before, after until as soon as Can you make a summary about adverbial clause of time? When I first started learning English in primary school, I thought it was very difficult. ‌After I entered middle school‌, my teacher encouraged me to practice more. ‌Before I went to bed every night‌, I would read the new words aloud. ‌When I watched English cartoons‌, I tried to repeat the sentences. ‌ Now, I feel proud of my progress.ogress. Exercises I. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空(有一项多余)。 1. In the __________ age, we can learn languages online easily. 2. She has a __________ talent for playing the piano. 3. The _____________ videos helped me a lot with my English grammar study. 4. He wrote the story based on his __________ experiences. 5. We need a __________ plan to improve our speaking skills. music educational person practice nature digit digital natural educational personal practical Exercises II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. She ____________ (read) a book while her brother ______________ (watch) TV. 2. I will call you as soon as I __________ (arrive) at the station. 3. He __________ (finish) his homework before he __________ (go) to bed yesterday. 4. When I __________ (be) in Grade 7, I __________ (find) English very difficult. 5. They ______________ (not leave) until the rain __________ (stop). was reading was watching arrive finished went was found didn’t leave stopped Exercises III. 完成译句 (每空一词)。 1. 在数字时代，我们可以通过手机学习英语。 In the __________ age, we can learn English __________ our phones. 2. 她边听音乐边做作业。 She does her homework __________ she __________ to music. 3. 他一到学校就给我发信息。 He will text me __________ __________ __________ he __________ to school. 4. 除了周末，我每天都练习英语。 __________ __________ weekends, I practice English every day. 5. 她有能力在一年内学好汉语。 She __________ __________ __________ learn Chinese well in a year. digital on while listens as soon as gets Except for is able to Summary We learn: 1. key words: digital, ability, husband, education, suppose, foreign, educational, satisfy, personal, ... suffix -al adjectives (educational, personal, natural, etc.); adverbial clauses of time (conjunctions: when, while, before, after, until). 2. Grammar: Suffix -al turns nouns into adjectives (e.g., nation → national). Adverbial clauses of time use conjunctions to show time relationships, with specific tense rules. We can: Use -al adjectives to describe things/ideas; use time clauses to tell stories with time order. Write short passages about learning experiences with target grammar. Homework 1. 基础层：抄写本课生词和语法规则，并各造一个句子。 2. 提高层：用5个-al形容词和3个不同时间连词，写一篇关于 “My Weekend Plan”的简短日记（50-70词）。 3. 拓展层：找一篇短的英语故事或课文，找出其中所有带-al的 形容词和1-2个时间状语从句，并分析其时态。 Thank you! $