Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（单元自测·湖南省卷专用）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖南省卷专用） Unit 4·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） I．听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分） 1．How high is Qomolangma? A．8,744.43 meters. B．8,844.43 meters. C．6,844.43 meters. 1．B 【原文】A: What’s the highest mountain in the world? B: Qomolangma. It’s 8844.43 meters high. Q: How high is chumalongma? 2．How long is Park River? A．50 miles. B．80 miles. C．82 miles. 2．C 【原文】M: How long this river is! W: No, it’s only fifty miles! Park River near Green Mountain is thirty-two miles longer than it. 3．How wide is the bridge? A．99 feet. B．19 feet. C．90 feet. 3．A 【原文】A: How wide is the new bridge? B: It’s one of the widest ones in China. It’s 99 feet wide. 4．What is the second longest river in the world? A．The Nile. B．The Yangtze River. C．The Amazon River. 4．C 【原文】M: As far as I know, the Nile is the longest river in the world. Is the Yangtze River the second longest river in the world? W: No, it isn’t. The Amazon River is the second longest river in the world, and it’s a little longer than the Yangtze River. 5．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? A．About 80 meters high. B．About 100 meters high. C．About 180 meters high. 5．A 【原文】M: How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? W: It is about 80 meters high. 第二节 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听材料，回答以下各小题。 6．Where is the Nile? A．In Asia. B．In Africa. C．In Europe. 7．How long is the Nile? A．It’s about 6,400 kilometres long. B．It’s about 6,500 kilometres long. C．It’s about 6,600 kilometres long. 6．B 7．C 【原文】W: Can you tell me something about the longest river in the world? M: Sure. That’s the Nile, and it is in Africa. W: How long is it? M: It’s about 6,600 kilometers long. W: Does it pass through Egypt? M: Yes, it goes through Egypt from the south to the north. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 8．How large is the biggest desert in the world? A．900 thousand square kilometres in size. B．9 million square kilometres in size. C．900 million square kilometres in size. 9．How many times has Peter been to the Sahara? A．Twice. B．Three times. C．Four times. 10．How is the weather in the Sahara at night? A．Cold. B．Dry and windy. C．Hot and dry. 8．B 9．B 10．A 【原文】W: Peter, what is the biggest desert in the world? M: It’s the Sahara. It is about 9 million square kilometres in size. W: Have you ever been there? M: Yes, I went there in 2011 and 2015 with my classmates. Last year, I went there with my parents. W: How is the weather there in the daytime? M: It’s quite terrible. It’s dry and hot in the day, while cold at night. But the place is amazing. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 11．Where is the Nile? A．In Asia. B．In Europe. C．In Africa. 12．How long is the Nile? A．More than 6,671 kilometers long. B．More than 8,070 kilometers long. C．More than 7,661 kilometers long. 13．How many countries does the Nile pass through? A．7. B．8. C．9. 11．C 12．A 13．C 【原文】W: Can you tell me something about the longest river in the world? M: Sure. It’s the Nile. W: Where is it? M: It’s in Africa. W: How long is it? M: It’s more than six thousand six hundred seventy one kilometers long. It passes through nine countries. W: Have you visited the Nile, Mike? M: Yes, I went there last year. W: Thank you very much. I hope to have a chance to visit them now one day. M: You will. Bye-bye. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 14．How heavy is an ordinary cat? A．A few kilos. B．As heavy as a butterfly. C．As heavy as a man. 15．Which is the longest living animal in the world? A．A butterfly. B．A man. C．A giant turtle. 16．How long can a butterfly live? A．A few years. B．A few days. C．A few months. 14．A 15．C 16．B 【原文】M: Mom, do you know how heavy a cat is? W: I think an ordinary cat weighs about a few kilos. M: And how much does a butterfly weigh? W: Only a few grams, I’m sure. M: Is man the longest living animal in the world? W: No, that’s a giant turtle. But a man can live for nearly a hundred years nowadays. That’s quite long. M: And how long can a butterfly live? Can it live as long as a man? W: No, a butterfly only lives for a few days. 听独白，回答小题。 17．Mike lived ________ when he was young. A．in the country B．in the city. C．in the town 18．Mike saw animals in the zoo ________. A．before he was ten B．after he was ten C．when he grew up 19．Mike thought the animals in the zoo must feel ________. A．lonely B．lovely C．happy 20．Mike thought the animals ________ every day. A．played with their friends B．sat there for food C．waited for their parents 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．B 【解析】略 II．阅读（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A                                                                        Four Poems Poem 1 ______                     By Liu ZongyuanFrom hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight. A lonely fisherman afloat①, Is fishing in snow in a lonely boat. Poem 2     To Wang Lun                                                     By Li BaiI, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go. When suddenly on shore your farewell② songs overflow. However deep the lake of Peach Blossoms may be, It is not so deep, O Wang Lun! As your love for me. Poem 3       Homesickness Night                                                      By Li BaiBefore my bed a pool of light, Can it be hoarfrost③ on the ground? Looking up, I find the moon bright, Bowing, in homesickness I’m drowned. Poem 4           On the Stork Tower                              By Wang ZhihuanThe sun beyond the mountain glows④, The Yellow River seawards flows⑤. You can enjoy a grander⑥ sight, By climbing to a greater height. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) NOTES: ①on the river  ②goodbye  ③small pieces of ice  ④shines less brightly  ⑤runs ⑥greater 21．Which of the following can be the best title for Poem 1? A．Fishing in Snow B．Return to Nature C．Beauty of the Quiet Hill 22． Which poem rhymes (押韵) differently from the other poems? A．Poem 1. B．Poem 2. C．Poem 3. 23． Match the pictures with the poems. Which of the following is RIGHT? A．1-a; 2-c; 3-d; 4-b B．1-b; 2-a; 3-d; 4-c C．1-b; 2-d; 3-a; 4-c 21．A 22．C 23．C 【导语】本文选录四首经典古诗的英译版，涵盖山水、送别、思乡、抒怀主题，展现古诗意境与情感之美。 21．最佳标题题。根据“A lonely fisherman afloat,  Is fishing in snow in a lonely boat.”可知，一位孤独的渔夫在孤舟上，于雪中垂钓。所以选项A“雪中垂钓”最适合做标题。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据Poem 1“flight/sight/afloat/boat.”可知，属于aabb式；根据Poem 2“go/overflow/be/me”可知，属于aabb式；根据Poem 3“light/ground/bright/drowned”可知，属于abab式；根据Poem 4“glows/flows/sight/height”可知，属于aabb式。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据Poem 1“A...fisherman...Is fishing...”可知，一个渔夫在钓鱼，对应b；根据Poem 2“farewell...deep the lake”可知，讲述告别，涉及深潭，对应d；根据Poem 3“Before my bed a pool of light, Looking up, I find the moon bright,”可知，床前望月，对应a；根据Poem 4“The sun beyond the mountain...The Yellow River seawards flows...By climbing to a greater height.”可知，描述了山后的太阳，流动的黄河水和登高，对应c；故选C。 B Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls are really very beautiful. But in terms of height, the highest falls in the world are Angel Falls. They are deep in the jungles of Venezuela. Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you went by land, you would have to travel for weeks through thick jungles. If you went by plane from Caracas, a capital city of Venezuela, it would take about four hours. The amazing falls are God’ s gift to nature. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how they were found. They were named after an American pilot. His name was James Angel. In 1937, he was forced to come down on the top of the mountain near the falls. That’s how he found them. Angel Falls drop nearly a kilometer (about 979m) from a table-top mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the falls is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog. If you have a chance to visit them, you’ll never forget them! 24．Why have few people ever seen Angel Falls? A．Because it is not easy to get there. B．Because the tickets are very expensive. C．Because there is no hotel or restaurant. 25．If you want to visit Angel Falls, how long will you spend getting there by air from Caracas? A．For about 2 weeks. B．For about 4 hours. C．For about 4 days. 26．Who found Angel Falls according to the passage? A．A woman in Caracas. B．An American visitor. C．An American pilot. 27．新考向 篇章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③④⑤ C．①②③④/⑤ 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．A 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了世界最高瀑布 —— 安赫尔瀑布的位置、难以抵达的特点、发现过程、壮观景象，以及它给人的深刻印象。 24．细节理解题。根据文中“Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It ’s very hard to get there.”可知，很少有人见过安赫尔瀑布是因为它很难到达。故选A。 25．细节理解题。根据文中“If you went by plane from Caracas, a capital city of Venezuela, it would take about four hours.”可知，从加拉加斯乘飞机前往安赫尔瀑布大约需要4小时。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据文中“They were named after an American pilot. His name was James Angel. In 1937, he was forced to come down on the top of the mountain near the falls. That’s how he found them.”可知，安赫尔瀑布是由一位美国飞行员发现的。故选C。 27．篇章结构题。文章①段引出安赫尔瀑布并介绍其基本信息；②③④段分别从抵达难度、发现过程、壮观景象三个方面展开介绍；⑤段总结并推荐游览。整体为“总—分—总”结构，对应①/②③④/⑤的划分。故选A。 C Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world. Do you know how Qomolangma started to form? Qomolangma’s rocks once sat at the bottom of the ocean. Around 45 million years ago, the Indian plate (板块) moved and hit the Eurasian plate. It made the land rise up and Qomolangma formed. Do you know that Qomolangma keeps growing? According to a new study by scientists from University College London (UCL), Qomolangma grew by 15 to 50 meters because of a geographic event about 89,000 years ago. However, the UCL team found that Qomolangma is growing faster these years. They estimated (估计) this to be between 0.16 and 0.53 millimeters each year! Now the height of Qomolangma rises a little bit every year because of big forces (力量) under the ground. It is also affected by weather conditions such as ice and snow. And rivers also affect it. The Arun River, which runs close to Qomolangma, has been cutting through rocks and washing away the land over time. This makes the mountain lighter, allowing it to rise like a boat when weight is taken away. The process of this rising is isostatic rebound (地壳均衡回弹). This means the Earth’s surface moves up or down when something heavy is taken away or put on. Qomolangma is not the only mountain that changes. The UCL team said that nearby mountains, Lhotse and Makalu, the fourth and fifth highest in the world, are also growing a little bit each year. How amazing nature is! 28．How does the writer start the passage? A．By showing a fact. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question 29．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．How high Qomolangma is. B．Where Qomolangma is. C．How Qomolangma formed. 30．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 31．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Climbing to the top B．Qomolangma is getting taller C．Research on Mount Qomolangma 28．A 29．C 30．B 31．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的形成原因、高度变化以及它并非唯一仍在增长的山峰，展现了自然的神奇之处。 28．推理判断题。根据文章开头以“Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world.”可知，开篇直接陈述事实，引出下文，因此作者是通过展示事实来开篇的。故选A。 29．主旨大意题。根据“Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world.  … Around 45 million years ago, the Indian plate (板块) moved and hit the Eurasian plate. It made the land rise up and Qomolangma formed.”可知，第一段介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的高度，并说明了它是由板块运动形成的，核心是解释珠穆朗玛峰是如何形成的。故选C。 30．篇章结构题。根据“Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world.”，“Qomolangma grew by 15 to 50 meters because of a geographic event about 89,000 years ago … This makes the mountain lighter, allowing it to rise like a boat when weight is taken away.”，“The UCL team said that nearby mountains”可知，第①段总起，介绍珠穆朗玛峰的基本信息与形成原因；第②-③段分述，分别介绍珠穆朗玛峰的高度增长数据、增长原因；第④段总结，指出珠穆朗玛峰并非唯一仍在增长的山峰。因此文章结构为“总—分—总”。故选B。 31．最佳标题题。根据“However, the UCL team found that Qomolangma is growing faster these years. They estimated (估计) this to be between 0.16 and 0.53 millimeters each year!”，“The UCL team said that nearby mountains … ”可知，全文围绕“珠穆朗玛峰仍在变高”展开，介绍了它的增长原因、数据，以及其他山峰的增长情况。因此最佳标题是Qomolangma is getting taller。故选B。 第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分) 根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。 The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over nine million square kilometres across North Africa. 32 During the day, temperatures rise above 40℃, while nights can be very cold. It is one of the toughest environments on Earth. The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there, most of them nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live. The nomads of the Sahara are called Bedouin, which means “desert people”. They depend on goats, sheep, and camels for food and transport. Water is the most important for them. They need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it. 33 A desert is not defined (定义) by sand but by the lack of rain. 34 Surprisingly, only 25% of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel (砂砾). 35 Later it turned into grasslands. Over time, it became the desert we see today. Truly, the Sahara is a place of history and change. A．Without water, life is impossible. B．Long ago, the Sahara was covered with ice. C．The Sahara is a huge desert full of sand. D．The weather there can be very different in a day’s time. E．To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. 32．D 33．A 34．E 35．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理特征、气候、居民生活，以及它的演变历史。 32．根据后一句“During the day, temperatures rise above 40°C, while nights can be very cold”可知，此处需要引出撒哈拉沙漠一天内天气变化大的特点来衔接下文。选项D“那里的天气在一天之内会有很大的变化。” 符合语境。故选D。 33．根据前一句“They need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it”可知，此处需要强调水对生命的重要性来呼应前文。选项A“没有水，生命就无法存在。”符合语境。故选A。 34．根据前一句“A desert is not defined by sand but by the lack of rain”可知，此处需要给出沙漠的科学定义来衔接。选项E“要成为沙漠，一个地方每年的降雨量必须少于 250 毫米。”符合语境。故选E。 35．根据后一句“Later it turned into grasslands. Over time, it became the desert we see today”可知，此处需要引出撒哈拉沙漠的演变历史来衔接下文。选项B “很久以前，撒哈拉沙漠被冰覆盖。”符合语境。故选B。 III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nature has given us many amazing wonders. One of the most famous is the Grand Canyon in the United States. It was 36 by the Colorado River over millions of years. The canyon is about 446 kilometers long and up to 1.6 kilometers deep, with rocks in different 37 . When you stand on the edge of the canyon, you will be shocked by its great 38 . The view changes with the time of day—at sunrise, the rocks turn red, and at sunset, they look golden. It’s hard to believe the great 39 of nature when you see it with your own eyes. Many tourists from all over the world come to visit it every year. They can hike along the trails, take a helicopter tour, or just sit and enjoy the 40 scenery. Some of them even take photos to 41 the beautiful moments. The Grand Canyon is not only a natural wonder, but also a 42 of nature’s power. It tells us how amazing the world is. We should 43 it well, because natural wonders are very precious. We need to make sure that they will stay beautiful for future generations to 44 . Visiting the Grand Canyon is a special experience. It makes us love nature more and realize the 45 of protecting the earth. 36．A．created B．built C．made 37．A．feelings B．colors C．directions 38．A．beauty B．shape C．side 39．A．power B．gift C．change 40．A．peaceful B．noisy C．busy 41．A．keep B．forget C．miss 42．A．symbol B．sign C．mark 43．A．protect B．visit C．watch 44．A．see B．touch C．feel 45．A．way B．importance C．chance 36．A 37．B 38．A 39．A 40．A 41．A 42．A 43．A 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国科罗拉多大峡谷的地理特征、形成过程、旅游体验及其作为自然奇观的意义，并呼吁人们保护自然遗产。 36．句意：它是由科罗拉多河经过数百万年“创造”出来的。 created创造；built建造；made制造。根据“by the Colorado River over millions of years”可知，大峡谷是河流“自然形成/创造”的。故选A。 37．句意：峡谷长约446公里，深达1.6公里，拥有不同颜色的岩石。 feelings感受；colors颜色；directions方向。根据下文“at sunrise, the rocks turn red, and at sunset, they look golden.”可知，岩石是“有不同颜色的”。in different colors“不同的颜色”符合语境。故选B。 38．句意：当你站在峡谷边缘时，你会被它的美丽所震撼。 beauty美丽；shape形状；side边。根据“shocked by its great...”可知，此处表达的是游客被峡谷的壮丽“美景”所震撼。great beauty“壮美”符合语境。故选A。 39．句意：当你亲眼所见时，很难相信大自然的伟大力量。 power力量；gift礼物；change改变。根据“nature’s power”和下文的“nature’s power”呼应，这里指大自然的“力量/伟力”。故选A。 40．句意：他们可以沿着小径徒步旅行，乘坐直升机观光，或者只是坐下来欣赏宁静的风景。 peaceful宁静的；noisy吵闹的；busy忙碌的。根据“sit and enjoy the...scenery”可知，欣赏的应是“宁静的”风景。故选A。 41．句意：他们中的一些人甚至拍照来留住那些美好的瞬间。 keep保留；forget忘记；miss错过。根据“the beautiful moments”可知，拍照是为了“留住/保存”美好瞬间。故选A。 42．句意：大峡谷不仅是一个自然奇观，也是大自然力量的象征。 symbol象征；sign标志；mark记号。根据“of nature’s power”可知，它是大自然力量的“象征”。故选A。 43．句意：我们应该好好保护它。 protect保护；visit参观；watch观看。根据“natural wonders are very precious”可知，应该“保护”它。故选A。 44．句意：我们需要确保它们保持美丽，以供后代看。 see看见；touch触摸；feel感受。根据“for future generations to...”可知，子孙后代也能“看到”这些美景。故选A。 45．句意：它让我们更加热爱自然，并意识到保护地球的重要性。 way方式；importance重要性；chance机会。根据“of protecting the earth”可知，是意识到保护的“重要性”。故选B。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。 cover   play   form   information   high   large   we   leaf   everywhere   colour Today, I go to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall with my family. I’m very excited. Before we go there, I learn some 46 about the waterfall from the book. Huangguoshu Waterfall is in Guizhou, China. It’s about 80 meters 47 and about 100 meters wide. It’s the 48 waterfall in China. When we get there, we see water 49 . Huangguoshu Waterfall is so large. The water is falling from a high place and makes big sounds, just like someone is 50 the drums. In the sun, the water looks 51 . It’s really beautiful. While we are in front of the waterfall, I take some photos. I learn that there are many other waterfalls near Huangguoshu Waterfall. They 52 a big family of waterfalls. Near Huangguoshu Waterfall, there is a forest and it 53 a big area. We also pay a visit there. My sister collects some beautiful 54 . Before we go home, we buy some presents for 55 friends from a shop. All of us have great fun today. 46．information 47．high 48．largest 49．everywhere 50．playing 51．colourful 52．form 53．covers 54．leaves 55．our 【导语】本文主要介绍了黄果树瀑布位于中国贵州，高约80米、宽约100米，气势磅礴，水声如鼓，阳光下水花闪烁，周边有大片森林和多个瀑布群，是集自然美景与亲子体验于一体的热门景点。 46．句意：在去之前，我从书上了解了一些关于瀑布的信息。根据“Before we go there, I learn some ... about the waterfall from the book.”以及备选词可知，此处表达“信息”，information符合语境，为不可数名词。故填information。 47．句意：它大约有80米高，100米宽。根据“It’s about 80 meters ... and about 100 meters wide.”以及备选词可知，此处表达“80米高”，high符合语境。故填high。 48．句意：它是中国最大的瀑布。根据“It’s the ... waterfall in China.”以及备选词可知，此处表达“最大的瀑布”，large符合语境，根据“the”可知，此处要用形容词的最高级，所以large的最高级是largest。故填largest。 49．句意：当我们到达那里时，看到水流到处奔腾而下。根据“When we get there, we see water ...”以及备选词可知，此处表达“到处，处处”，everywhere符合语境。故填everywhere。 50．句意：水从高处倾泻而下，发出巨大的声响，就像有人在敲鼓一样。根据“The water is falling from a high place and makes big sounds, just like someone is ... the drum.”以及备选词可知，此处表达“打鼓”，play符合语境，放于is之后用其动词-ing形式playing，表示现在进行时。故填playing。 51．句意：在阳光的照射下，水花看起来五光十色。根据“In the sun, the water looks ...”以及备选词可知，此处表达“五颜六色的，五光十色的”，colour“颜色”为名词，放于look之后要用形容词作表语，所以colour要改为colourful。故填colourful。 52．句意：它们形成了一个庞大的瀑布群。根据“They ... a big family of waterfalls.”以及备选词可知，此处表达“形成，变成”，form符合语境。故填form。 53．句意：瀑布附近有一片森林，覆盖了很大的区域。根据“Near Huangguoshu Waterfall, there is a forest and it ... a big area.”以及备选词可知，此句时态为一般现在时，此处表达“覆盖”，cover符合语境，放于it之后要用动词的单数形式。故填covers。 54．句意：我妹妹还收集了一些漂亮的树叶。根据“My sister collects some beautiful ...”以及备选词可知，此处表达“树叶”，leaf符合语境，此处应用其复数名词leaves。故填leaves。 55．句意：在回家之前，我们从一家商店给我们的朋友们买了一些礼物。根据“Before we go home, we buy some presents for ... friends from a shop.”以及备选词可知，此处表达“我们的朋友”，we“我们”，应用其物主代词形式our“我们的”。故填our。 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The seasons in Australia are not like ours. When it is winter in China, it is summer there. Australia is a southern country—it is in the south of the world. June, July and August are the winter months; September, October and November are spring. The summer is in December, January and February, and March, April and May are the autumn months. The north of the country is hotter than the south. A very large part of this country has no rain at all. The east coast (海岸) has rain all year, and there are no dry months there. The southeast winds blow here all the year. They bring rain from the sea. There is not much rain on the west side. The southeastern part of Australia has summer rain from the southeast winds. They only blow here in summer. The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain. The west winds blow over the southwest in winter only. In summer, the southwest of the country has no rain. In the north of Australia, there is no rain in winter. The rain comes in summer. The northwest winds bring it. 56．Where is Australia? 57．When are winter months in Australia? 58．Which part of the country is hotter, the north part or the south part? 59．Which part of Australia has winter rain? 60．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 56．It’s in the south of the world. 57．June, July and August. 58．The north part. 59．The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain. 60．澳大利亚的季节不像我们的。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了澳大利亚的季节特点与不同区域的降水情况，说明了其因位于南半球而与北半球季节相反的特征，以及不同方位的气候差异。 56．根据“Australia is a southern country—it is in the south of the world.”可知澳大利亚的位置。故填It’s in the south of the world. 57．根据“June, July and August are the winter months”可知澳大利亚的冬季月份。故填June, July and August. 58．根据“The north of the country is hotter than the south.”可知北部比南部热。故填The north part. 59．根据“The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain.”可知澳大利亚西南部有冬雨。故填The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain. 60．分析句子可知，时态为一般现在时，用于描述客观事实。“The seasons”意为“季节”，是句子的主语，“the”表特指；“in Australia”是介词短语，作后置定语，修饰“the seasons”，表示“在澳大利亚的”；“are not like”是谓语部分，“like”此处为介词，意为“像”；“ours”是名词性物主代词，指代“our seasons”，避免重复，作介词“like”的宾语。故填：澳大利亚的季节不像我们的。 IV．写作（满分15分） 61．桂林山水甲天下。以其壮美山水而闻名的广西桂林，每年都会吸引大量游客。请根据以下提示写一篇80词左右的英语文章，向游客介绍这座城市。 Location in the south of China History over 2,000 years Weather not too hot in summer or too cold in winter People warm and friendly Attraction green mountains and clean waters, the Elephant Trunk Hill , the Lijiang River Food Guilin rice noodles Culture Gui Opera 要求： 1.    句子通顺，语意连贯； 2.    包括表格中所有提示内容； 3.    不少于80词。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Guilin, a beautiful city located in the south of China, has a long history of over 2,000 years. The weather here is always pleasant. You can see many beautiful sights like the Elephant Trunk Hill and the Li River. The local people are warm and friendly. You can also try special food such as Guilin rice noodles. If you are interested in the local culture, don’t miss the Gui Opera. Next time when you visit Guilin, I’m sure you will fall in love with it. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据表格信息，从位置、历史、天气、人民、景点、食物、文化等方面介绍桂林。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开门见山介绍桂林的基本信息（位置、历史、总体特点）； 第二步，按表格顺序介绍天气、人民、主要景点； 第三步，补充食物和文化特色，并以欢迎语结尾。 [亮点词汇] ①at any time在任何时间 ②such as例如 ③be interested in对……感兴趣 [高分句型] ①If you are interested in the local culture, don’t miss the Gui Opera. (if引导的条件状语从句) ②Next time when you visit Guilin, I’m sure you will fall in love with it. (when引导的时间状语从句) 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖南省卷专用） Unit 4·培优卷·参考答案 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） I．听力（共两节，每小题1分，满分20分） 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．C 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．B II．阅读（共三节，每小题2分，满分30分） 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．A 29．C 30．B 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．E 35．B III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 36．A 37．B 38．A 39．A 40．A 41．A 42．A 43．A 44．A 45．B 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46．information 47．high 48．largest 49．everywhere 50．playing 51．colourful 52．form 53．covers 54．leaves 55．our 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 56．It’s in the south of the world. 57．June, July and August. 58．The north part. 59．The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain. 60．澳大利亚的季节不像我们的。 IV．写作（满分15分） 61．例文 Guilin, a beautiful city located in the south of China, has a long history of over 2,000 years. The weather here is always pleasant. You can see many beautiful sights like the Elephant Trunk Hill and the Li River. The local people are warm and friendly. You can also try special food such as Guilin rice noodles. If you are interested in the local culture, don’t miss the Gui Opera. Next time when you visit Guilin, I’m sure you will fall in love with it. 1 / 2 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。What's the highest mountain in the world? A is eight thousand eight hundred and forty four point four three meters high. Question how high is to allama? What's the highest mountain in . the world? Aloma its eight thousand eight hundred and forty four point four three . meters high question how high is to allama? Listen to the next question. How long this river is? No, is only fifty miles. Park river near Green mountain is thirty two miles longer than IT. How long this river is? No, is only fifty miles. Park river near Green mountain is thirty two miles longer than IT. Listen to the next question. How wide is the new . bridge is one of the wider ones in china? It's nineteen nine feet wide. How White is the new bridge . is one of the widest ones in china. It's nineteen nine feet haide. Listen to the next question. As far as I know, the nail is the longest river in the world, is the Young so river the second longest river in the world? No, IT isn't. The amazon river is the second longest river in the world, and it's a little longer than the Young. The river. as far as I know, the nail is the longest river in the world. Is the Young so river the second longest river in the world? No, IT isn't. The amazon river is the second longest river in the world and is a little longer than the Young. The river. Listen to the next question. How high is one go shoe waterfall? IT is about eighty meters high. How high is one go shoe waterfall? IT is about eighty meters high. Listen to the next question. Can you tell me something about the longest river in the world? sure. That's the now. And IT is in africa. How long is IT? It's about six thousand. Six hundred kilometers long. Does IT pass through egypt? yes. IT goes through egypt from the south to the north. Can you tell me something about the longest river in the world? sure. That's the now. And IT is in africa. How long is IT? It's about six thousand. Six hundred kilometers long. Does IT pass through egypt? yes. IT goes through egypt from the south to the north. Listen to the next question. Peter. What is the biggest desert in the world? It's the slavery. A IT is about nine million square, killing metres and size. Have you ever been there? yes. I went there in twenty eleven and twenty fifteen with my classmates. Last year, I went there with my parents. How's the weather there in the daytime? It's quite terrible. It's dry and hot in the day, well, cold midnight. But the place is amazing. Peter, what is the biggest desert . in the world is the lahr. A IT is about nine million square. Killing matters and size. Have you ever been there? Yes, I went there in twenty eleven, twenty fifteen with my classmates. Last year, I went there with my parents. How is the weather there . in the daytime? It's quite terrible. It's dry and hot in the day, while cold night, but the place is amazing. Listen to the next question. Can you tell me something about the longest river in the world? sure. It's the nail. Where is IT? It's in africa. How long is IT? It's more than six thousand. Six hundred seventy one kilometers long. IT passes through nine countries. Have you visited the nail. mike? Yes, I went there last year. Thank you very much. I hope you have a chance to visit them now. One day you will buy, buy. Can you tell me something about the longest river in the world? sure. It's the nail. Where is IT? It's in africa. How long is IT? It's more than six thousand. Six hundred seventy one kilometers long. IT passes through nine countries. Have you visited the nile, mike? Yes, I went there last year. Thank you very much. I hope to have a chance to visit them now. One day you will byebye. Listen to the next question. mom, do you know how heavy cat is? I think, an ordinary ways about a few. And and how much fly . only a few grams. And is man . the longest living animal in the world? No. that's a giant turtle. But a man can live for one hundred years nowadays. That's quite long. And how long can a butterfly live? Can I live as long as a man? No, a butterfly only lives for a few days. Mom, do you know how heavy cat is? I think . an ordinary cat weight, about a few killers. And how much does a butterfly way? Only a few grams, i'm sure. Is man the longest living animal in the world? No, that's a giant turtle. But a man can live for one hundred years nowadays. That's quite long. And how long can a butterfly live? Can I live as long as a man? No, a butterfly only lives for a few days. Listen to the next question. I, mike, when I was Young, I lived in the town, so I had no chance to go to the zoo. When I was ten years old, we moved to a big city. There was a big zoo. I still remember the first time I went to the zoo. I was glad to see so many real animals. They seemed so lovely and active. I had a good time, but when I got home, I began to feel sorry for them. They must feel lonely. They were taken away from their parents and friends. I thought every day the only thing they could do was to sit there and wait for food. I, mike, when I was Young, I lived in the town, so I had no chance to go to the zoo. When I was ten years old, we moved to a big city. There was a big zoo. I still remember the first time I went to the zoo. I was glad to see so many real animals. They seemed so lovely and active. I had a good time, but when I got home, I began to feel sorry for them. They must feel lonely. They were taken away from their parents and friends. I thought every day the only thing they could do was to sit there and wait for food. 听力部分到此结束。 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖南省卷专用） Unit 4·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） I．听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分） 1．How high is Qomolangma? A．8,744.43 meters. B．8,844.43 meters. C．6,844.43 meters. 2．How long is Park River? A．50 miles. B．80 miles. C．82 miles. 3．How wide is the bridge? A．99 feet. B．19 feet. C．90 feet. 4．What is the second longest river in the world? A．The Nile. B．The Yangtze River. C．The Amazon River. 5．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? A．About 80 meters high. B．About 100 meters high. C．About 180 meters high. 第二节 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听材料，回答以下各小题。 6．Where is the Nile? A．In Asia. B．In Africa. C．In Europe. 7．How long is the Nile? A．It’s about 6,400 kilometres long. B．It’s about 6,500 kilometres long. C．It’s about 6,600 kilometres long. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 8．How large is the biggest desert in the world? A．900 thousand square kilometres in size. B．9 million square kilometres in size. C．900 million square kilometres in size. 9．How many times has Peter been to the Sahara? A．Twice. B．Three times. C．Four times. 10．How is the weather in the Sahara at night? A．Cold. B．Dry and windy. C．Hot and dry. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 11．Where is the Nile? A．In Asia. B．In Europe. C．In Africa. 12．How long is the Nile? A．More than 6,671 kilometers long. B．More than 8,070 kilometers long. C．More than 7,661 kilometers long. 13．How many countries does the Nile pass through? A．7. B．8. C．9. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 14．How heavy is an ordinary cat? A．A few kilos. B．As heavy as a butterfly. C．As heavy as a man. 15．Which is the longest living animal in the world? A．A butterfly. B．A man. C．A giant turtle. 16．How long can a butterfly live? A．A few years. B．A few days. C．A few months. 听独白，回答小题。 17．Mike lived ________ when he was young. A．in the country B．in the city. C．in the town 18．Mike saw animals in the zoo ________. A．before he was ten B．after he was ten C．when he grew up 19．Mike thought the animals in the zoo must feel ________. A．lonely B．lovely C．happy 20．Mike thought the animals ________ every day. A．played with their friends B．sat there for food C．waited for their parents II．阅读（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A                                                                        Four Poems Poem 1 ______                     By Liu ZongyuanFrom hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight. A lonely fisherman afloat①, Is fishing in snow in a lonely boat. Poem 2     To Wang Lun                                                     By Li BaiI, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go. When suddenly on shore your farewell② songs overflow. However deep the lake of Peach Blossoms may be, It is not so deep, O Wang Lun! As your love for me. Poem 3       Homesickness Night                                                      By Li BaiBefore my bed a pool of light, Can it be hoarfrost③ on the ground? Looking up, I find the moon bright, Bowing, in homesickness I’m drowned. Poem 4           On the Stork Tower                              By Wang ZhihuanThe sun beyond the mountain glows④, The Yellow River seawards flows⑤. You can enjoy a grander⑥ sight, By climbing to a greater height. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) NOTES: ①on the river  ②goodbye  ③small pieces of ice  ④shines less brightly  ⑤runs ⑥greater 21．Which of the following can be the best title for Poem 1? A．Fishing in Snow B．Return to Nature C．Beauty of the Quiet Hill 22． Which poem rhymes (押韵) differently from the other poems? A．Poem 1. B．Poem 2. C．Poem 3. 23． Match the pictures with the poems. Which of the following is RIGHT? A．1-a; 2-c; 3-d; 4-b B．1-b; 2-a; 3-d; 4-c C．1-b; 2-d; 3-a; 4-c B Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls are really very beautiful. But in terms of height, the highest falls in the world are Angel Falls. They are deep in the jungles of Venezuela. Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you went by land, you would have to travel for weeks through thick jungles. If you went by plane from Caracas, a capital city of Venezuela, it would take about four hours. The amazing falls are God’ s gift to nature. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how they were found. They were named after an American pilot. His name was James Angel. In 1937, he was forced to come down on the top of the mountain near the falls. That’s how he found them. Angel Falls drop nearly a kilometer (about 979m) from a table-top mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the falls is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog. If you have a chance to visit them, you’ll never forget them! 24．Why have few people ever seen Angel Falls? A．Because it is not easy to get there. B．Because the tickets are very expensive. C．Because there is no hotel or restaurant. 25．If you want to visit Angel Falls, how long will you spend getting there by air from Caracas? A．For about 2 weeks. B．For about 4 hours. C．For about 4 days. 26．Who found Angel Falls according to the passage? A．A woman in Caracas. B．An American visitor. C．An American pilot. 27．新考向 篇章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③④⑤ C．①②③④/⑤ C Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world. Do you know how Qomolangma started to form? Qomolangma’s rocks once sat at the bottom of the ocean. Around 45 million years ago, the Indian plate (板块) moved and hit the Eurasian plate. It made the land rise up and Qomolangma formed. Do you know that Qomolangma keeps growing? According to a new study by scientists from University College London (UCL), Qomolangma grew by 15 to 50 meters because of a geographic event about 89,000 years ago. However, the UCL team found that Qomolangma is growing faster these years. They estimated (估计) this to be between 0.16 and 0.53 millimeters each year! Now the height of Qomolangma rises a little bit every year because of big forces (力量) under the ground. It is also affected by weather conditions such as ice and snow. And rivers also affect it. The Arun River, which runs close to Qomolangma, has been cutting through rocks and washing away the land over time. This makes the mountain lighter, allowing it to rise like a boat when weight is taken away. The process of this rising is isostatic rebound (地壳均衡回弹). This means the Earth’s surface moves up or down when something heavy is taken away or put on. Qomolangma is not the only mountain that changes. The UCL team said that nearby mountains, Lhotse and Makalu, the fourth and fifth highest in the world, are also growing a little bit each year. How amazing nature is! 28．How does the writer start the passage? A．By showing a fact. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question 29．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．How high Qomolangma is. B．Where Qomolangma is. C．How Qomolangma formed. 30．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 31．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Climbing to the top B．Qomolangma is getting taller C．Research on Mount Qomolangma 第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分) 根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。 The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over nine million square kilometres across North Africa. 32 During the day, temperatures rise above 40℃, while nights can be very cold. It is one of the toughest environments on Earth. The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there, most of them nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live. The nomads of the Sahara are called Bedouin, which means “desert people”. They depend on goats, sheep, and camels for food and transport. Water is the most important for them. They need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it. 33 A desert is not defined (定义) by sand but by the lack of rain. 34 Surprisingly, only 25% of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel (砂砾). 35 Later it turned into grasslands. Over time, it became the desert we see today. Truly, the Sahara is a place of history and change. A．Without water, life is impossible. B．Long ago, the Sahara was covered with ice. C．The Sahara is a huge desert full of sand. D．The weather there can be very different in a day’s time. E．To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nature has given us many amazing wonders. One of the most famous is the Grand Canyon in the United States. It was 36 by the Colorado River over millions of years. The canyon is about 446 kilometers long and up to 1.6 kilometers deep, with rocks in different 37 . When you stand on the edge of the canyon, you will be shocked by its great 38 . The view changes with the time of day—at sunrise, the rocks turn red, and at sunset, they look golden. It’s hard to believe the great 39 of nature when you see it with your own eyes. Many tourists from all over the world come to visit it every year. They can hike along the trails, take a helicopter tour, or just sit and enjoy the 40 scenery. Some of them even take photos to 41 the beautiful moments. The Grand Canyon is not only a natural wonder, but also a 42 of nature’s power. It tells us how amazing the world is. We should 43 it well, because natural wonders are very precious. We need to make sure that they will stay beautiful for future generations to 44 . Visiting the Grand Canyon is a special experience. It makes us love nature more and realize the 45 of protecting the earth. 36．A．created B．built C．made 37．A．feelings B．colors C．directions 38．A．beauty B．shape C．side 39．A．power B．gift C．change 40．A．peaceful B．noisy C．busy 41．A．keep B．forget C．miss 42．A．symbol B．sign C．mark 43．A．protect B．visit C．watch 44．A．see B．touch C．feel 45．A．way B．importance C．chance 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。 cover   play   form   information   high   large   we   leaf   everywhere   colour Today, I go to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall with my family. I’m very excited. Before we go there, I learn some 46 about the waterfall from the book. Huangguoshu Waterfall is in Guizhou, China. It’s about 80 meters 47 and about 100 meters wide. It’s the 48 waterfall in China. When we get there, we see water 49 . Huangguoshu Waterfall is so large. The water is falling from a high place and makes big sounds, just like someone is 50 the drums. In the sun, the water looks 51 . It’s really beautiful. While we are in front of the waterfall, I take some photos. I learn that there are many other waterfalls near Huangguoshu Waterfall. They 52 a big family of waterfalls. Near Huangguoshu Waterfall, there is a forest and it 53 a big area. We also pay a visit there. My sister collects some beautiful 54 . Before we go home, we buy some presents for 55 friends from a shop. All of us have great fun today. 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The seasons in Australia are not like ours. When it is winter in China, it is summer there. Australia is a southern country—it is in the south of the world. June, July and August are the winter months; September, October and November are spring. The summer is in December, January and February, and March, April and May are the autumn months. The north of the country is hotter than the south. A very large part of this country has no rain at all. The east coast (海岸) has rain all year, and there are no dry months there. The southeast winds blow here all the year. They bring rain from the sea. There is not much rain on the west side. The southeastern part of Australia has summer rain from the southeast winds. They only blow here in summer. The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain. The west winds blow over the southwest in winter only. In summer, the southwest of the country has no rain. In the north of Australia, there is no rain in winter. The rain comes in summer. The northwest winds bring it. 56．Where is Australia? 57．When are winter months in Australia? 58．Which part of the country is hotter, the north part or the south part? 59．Which part of Australia has winter rain? 60．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 IV．写作（满分15分） 61．桂林山水甲天下。以其壮美山水而闻名的广西桂林，每年都会吸引大量游客。请根据以下提示写一篇80词左右的英语文章，向游客介绍这座城市。 Location in the south of China History over 2,000 years Weather not too hot in summer or too cold in winter People warm and friendly Attraction green mountains and clean waters, the Elephant Trunk Hill , the Lijiang River Food Guilin rice noodles Culture Gui Opera 要求： 1.    句子通顺，语意连贯； 2.    包括表格中所有提示内容； 3.    不少于80词。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测（湖南省卷专用） Unit 4·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） I．听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分） 1．How high is Qomolangma? A．8,744.43 meters. B．8,844.43 meters. C．6,844.43 meters. 2．How long is Park River? A．50 miles. B．80 miles. C．82 miles. 3．How wide is the bridge? A．99 feet. B．19 feet. C．90 feet. 4．What is the second longest river in the world? A．The Nile. B．The Yangtze River. C．The Amazon River. 5．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? A．About 80 meters high. B．About 100 meters high. C．About 180 meters high. 第二节 听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听材料，回答以下各小题。 6．Where is the Nile? A．In Asia. B．In Africa. C．In Europe. 7．How long is the Nile? A．It’s about 6,400 kilometres long. B．It’s about 6,500 kilometres long. C．It’s about 6,600 kilometres long. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 8．How large is the biggest desert in the world? A．900 thousand square kilometres in size. B．9 million square kilometres in size. C．900 million square kilometres in size. 9．How many times has Peter been to the Sahara? A．Twice. B．Three times. C．Four times. 10．How is the weather in the Sahara at night? A．Cold. B．Dry and windy. C．Hot and dry. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 11．Where is the Nile? A．In Asia. B．In Europe. C．In Africa. 12．How long is the Nile? A．More than 6,671 kilometers long. B．More than 8,070 kilometers long. C．More than 7,661 kilometers long. 13．How many countries does the Nile pass through? A．7. B．8. C．9. 听材料，回答以下各小题。 14．How heavy is an ordinary cat? A．A few kilos. B．As heavy as a butterfly. C．As heavy as a man. 15．Which is the longest living animal in the world? A．A butterfly. B．A man. C．A giant turtle. 16．How long can a butterfly live? A．A few years. B．A few days. C．A few months. 听独白，回答小题。 17．Mike lived ________ when he was young. A．in the country B．in the city. C．in the town 18．Mike saw animals in the zoo ________. A．before he was ten B．after he was ten C．when he grew up 19．Mike thought the animals in the zoo must feel ________. A．lonely B．lovely C．happy 20．Mike thought the animals ________ every day. A．played with their friends B．sat there for food C．waited for their parents II．阅读（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A                                                                        Four Poems Poem 1 ______                     By Liu ZongyuanFrom hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight. A lonely fisherman afloat①, Is fishing in snow in a lonely boat. Poem 2     To Wang Lun                                                     By Li BaiI, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go. When suddenly on shore your farewell② songs overflow. However deep the lake of Peach Blossoms may be, It is not so deep, O Wang Lun! As your love for me. Poem 3       Homesickness Night                                                      By Li BaiBefore my bed a pool of light, Can it be hoarfrost③ on the ground? Looking up, I find the moon bright, Bowing, in homesickness I’m drowned. Poem 4           On the Stork Tower                              By Wang ZhihuanThe sun beyond the mountain glows④, The Yellow River seawards flows⑤. You can enjoy a grander⑥ sight, By climbing to a greater height. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) NOTES: ①on the river  ②goodbye  ③small pieces of ice  ④shines less brightly  ⑤runs ⑥greater 21．Which of the following can be the best title for Poem 1? A．Fishing in Snow B．Return to Nature C．Beauty of the Quiet Hill 22． Which poem rhymes (押韵) differently from the other poems? A．Poem 1. B．Poem 2. C．Poem 3. 23． Match the pictures with the poems. Which of the following is RIGHT? A．1-a; 2-c; 3-d; 4-b B．1-b; 2-a; 3-d; 4-c C．1-b; 2-d; 3-a; 4-c B Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls are really very beautiful. But in terms of height, the highest falls in the world are Angel Falls. They are deep in the jungles of Venezuela. Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you went by land, you would have to travel for weeks through thick jungles. If you went by plane from Caracas, a capital city of Venezuela, it would take about four hours. The amazing falls are God’ s gift to nature. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how they were found. They were named after an American pilot. His name was James Angel. In 1937, he was forced to come down on the top of the mountain near the falls. That’s how he found them. Angel Falls drop nearly a kilometer (about 979m) from a table-top mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the falls is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog. If you have a chance to visit them, you’ll never forget them! 24．Why have few people ever seen Angel Falls? A．Because it is not easy to get there. B．Because the tickets are very expensive. C．Because there is no hotel or restaurant. 25．If you want to visit Angel Falls, how long will you spend getting there by air from Caracas? A．For about 2 weeks. B．For about 4 hours. C．For about 4 days. 26．Who found Angel Falls according to the passage? A．A woman in Caracas. B．An American visitor. C．An American pilot. 27．新考向 篇章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③④⑤ C．①②③④/⑤ C Qomolangma, at 8,848.86 meters, is the highest mountain in the world. Do you know how Qomolangma started to form? Qomolangma’s rocks once sat at the bottom of the ocean. Around 45 million years ago, the Indian plate (板块) moved and hit the Eurasian plate. It made the land rise up and Qomolangma formed. Do you know that Qomolangma keeps growing? According to a new study by scientists from University College London (UCL), Qomolangma grew by 15 to 50 meters because of a geographic event about 89,000 years ago. However, the UCL team found that Qomolangma is growing faster these years. They estimated (估计) this to be between 0.16 and 0.53 millimeters each year! Now the height of Qomolangma rises a little bit every year because of big forces (力量) under the ground. It is also affected by weather conditions such as ice and snow. And rivers also affect it. The Arun River, which runs close to Qomolangma, has been cutting through rocks and washing away the land over time. This makes the mountain lighter, allowing it to rise like a boat when weight is taken away. The process of this rising is isostatic rebound (地壳均衡回弹). This means the Earth’s surface moves up or down when something heavy is taken away or put on. Qomolangma is not the only mountain that changes. The UCL team said that nearby mountains, Lhotse and Makalu, the fourth and fifth highest in the world, are also growing a little bit each year. How amazing nature is! 28．How does the writer start the passage? A．By showing a fact. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question 29．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．How high Qomolangma is. B．Where Qomolangma is. C．How Qomolangma formed. 30．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 31．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Climbing to the top B．Qomolangma is getting taller C．Research on Mount Qomolangma 第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分) 根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。 The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over nine million square kilometres across North Africa. 32 During the day, temperatures rise above 40℃, while nights can be very cold. It is one of the toughest environments on Earth. The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there, most of them nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live. The nomads of the Sahara are called Bedouin, which means “desert people”. They depend on goats, sheep, and camels for food and transport. Water is the most important for them. They need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it. 33 A desert is not defined (定义) by sand but by the lack of rain. 34 Surprisingly, only 25% of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel (砂砾). 35 Later it turned into grasslands. Over time, it became the desert we see today. Truly, the Sahara is a place of history and change. A．Without water, life is impossible. B．Long ago, the Sahara was covered with ice. C．The Sahara is a huge desert full of sand. D．The weather there can be very different in a day’s time. E．To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nature has given us many amazing wonders. One of the most famous is the Grand Canyon in the United States. It was 36 by the Colorado River over millions of years. The canyon is about 446 kilometers long and up to 1.6 kilometers deep, with rocks in different 37 . When you stand on the edge of the canyon, you will be shocked by its great 38 . The view changes with the time of day—at sunrise, the rocks turn red, and at sunset, they look golden. It’s hard to believe the great 39 of nature when you see it with your own eyes. Many tourists from all over the world come to visit it every year. They can hike along the trails, take a helicopter tour, or just sit and enjoy the 40 scenery. Some of them even take photos to 41 the beautiful moments. The Grand Canyon is not only a natural wonder, but also a 42 of nature’s power. It tells us how amazing the world is. We should 43 it well, because natural wonders are very precious. We need to make sure that they will stay beautiful for future generations to 44 . Visiting the Grand Canyon is a special experience. It makes us love nature more and realize the 45 of protecting the earth. 36．A．created B．built C．made 37．A．feelings B．colors C．directions 38．A．beauty B．shape C．side 39．A．power B．gift C．change 40．A．peaceful B．noisy C．busy 41．A．keep B．forget C．miss 42．A．symbol B．sign C．mark 43．A．protect B．visit C．watch 44．A．see B．touch C．feel 45．A．way B．importance C．chance 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。 cover   play   form   information   high   large   we   leaf   everywhere   colour Today, I go to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall with my family. I’m very excited. Before we go there, I learn some 46 about the waterfall from the book. Huangguoshu Waterfall is in Guizhou, China. It’s about 80 meters 47 and about 100 meters wide. It’s the 48 waterfall in China. When we get there, we see water 49 . Huangguoshu Waterfall is so large. The water is falling from a high place and makes big sounds, just like someone is 50 the drums. In the sun, the water looks 51 . It’s really beautiful. While we are in front of the waterfall, I take some photos. I learn that there are many other waterfalls near Huangguoshu Waterfall. They 52 a big family of waterfalls. Near Huangguoshu Waterfall, there is a forest and it 53 a big area. We also pay a visit there. My sister collects some beautiful 54 . Before we go home, we buy some presents for 55 friends from a shop. All of us have great fun today. 第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The seasons in Australia are not like ours. When it is winter in China, it is summer there. Australia is a southern country—it is in the south of the world. June, July and August are the winter months; September, October and November are spring. The summer is in December, January and February, and March, April and May are the autumn months. The north of the country is hotter than the south. A very large part of this country has no rain at all. The east coast (海岸) has rain all year, and there are no dry months there. The southeast winds blow here all the year. They bring rain from the sea. There is not much rain on the west side. The southeastern part of Australia has summer rain from the southeast winds. They only blow here in summer. The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain. The west winds blow over the southwest in winter only. In summer, the southwest of the country has no rain. In the north of Australia, there is no rain in winter. The rain comes in summer. The northwest winds bring it. 56．Where is Australia? 57．When are winter months in Australia? 58．Which part of the country is hotter, the north part or the south part? 59．Which part of Australia has winter rain? 60．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 IV．写作（满分15分） 61．桂林山水甲天下。以其壮美山水而闻名的广西桂林，每年都会吸引大量游客。请根据以下提示写一篇80词左右的英语文章，向游客介绍这座城市。 Location in the south of China History over 2,000 years Weather not too hot in summer or too cold in winter People warm and friendly Attraction green mountains and clean waters, the Elephant Trunk Hill , the Lijiang River Food Guilin rice noodles Culture Gui Opera 要求： 1.    句子通顺，语意连贯； 2.    包括表格中所有提示内容； 3.    不少于80词。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第7页（共10页） 试题 第8页（共10页） 试题 第9页（共10页） 试题 第10页（共10页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $