Unit 6语法专项 不定代词与感叹句课件 2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册

教学课件 译林英语七年级下册 Unit 6 语法专项—— 不定代词 & 感叹句（what/how） 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 1.理解不定代词的定义，区分不同类别不定代词的用法 2.能在肯定、否定、疑问句中正确使用不定代词 3.掌握what/how引导的感叹句结构与核心区别 4.能完成不定代词和感叹句的各类题型转换与填空 5.结合自然景观话题，灵活运用语法知识表达 第一部分 不定代词 定义与功能 1.定义：指代不确定的人、事物或数量的代词 2.功能：可作主语、宾语、表语，无需明确指代对象 本单元应用：描述自然景观中的未知/泛指的人或物 例：There is something in the forest.（森林里有东西） 注意：不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数 不定代词核心分类（按句式场景） 句式场景 指代人 指代物 核心含义 肯定句 somebody/someone something 某人/某物 疑问/否定句 anybody/anyone anything 任何人/任何事物 强调整体 everybody/everyone everything 每个人/一切事物 否定含义 nobody/no one nothing 没有人/没有事物 不定代词 肯定句用法 somebody/someone/something用于肯定句 表“不确定的人或事物”，无具体指向 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 例句1：Someone is walking in the mountain. 例句2：I find something beautiful by the lake. 拓展：some类不定代词也可用于委婉请求的疑问句 不定代词 疑问/否定句用法 anybody/anyone/anything用于疑问句、否定句、条件句 疑问句中表“是否有人/有物”，否定句中表“没有任何” 例句1：Can you see anything in the dark river? 例句2：I don’t know anybody here in the valley. 拓展：anything用于肯定句时，表“任何事物” 不定代词 强调整体用法 everybody/everyone/everything用于肯定句 表“全部、所有”，强调整体概念 作主语，谓语动词一律用单数 例句1：Everyone likes the beautiful view of the sea. 例句2：Everything is ready for our trip to the hill. 注意：everyone后不接of，every one可接of 不定代词 否定含义用法 nobody/no one/nothing本身含否定意义 句中无需再加not，否则双重否定表肯定 nobody/no one指代人，nothing指代物 例句1：Nobody is in the tent.（帐篷里没人） 例句2：There is nothing in the empty box. 拓展：否定不定代词作主语，谓语用单数 不定代词 小拓展（else的用法） else可与不定代词连用，表“另外的、其他的” 位置：不定代词 + else（else后置） 常用搭配：someone else/anything else/nobody else 例句1：There is nobody else in the forest. 例句2：Do you want anything else for the trip? 注意：else后不加s，无elses形式 不定代词 即时小练（填空） 1.___________ is singing by the stream. Let's go to listen. 2.I can't find __________ to drink in my bag. 3.___________ in our class wants to visit the waterfall. 4.There is ___________ wrong with my camera. It works well. Someone anything Everyone nothing 第二部分 感叹句 定义与功能 定义：表达强烈情感的句子（赞叹、惊讶、喜悦等） 本单元应用：赞叹自然景观的美丽、壮观 核心引导词：what 和 how 句末用感叹号，口语中常省略主语+谓语 例：What a nice lake! / How beautiful the mountain is! 感叹句 what引导 基础结构 核心结构：What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主语+谓语)! 关键：what修饰名词短语，强调“什么人/物” 单数可数名词：加a/an（元音音素开头用an） 复数/不可数名词：不加a/an 例句1：What a tall tree it is! 例句2：What clear water it is! 感叹句 how引导 基础结构 核心结构：How + 形容词/副词 + (主语+谓语)! 关键：how修饰形容词/副词，强调“多么…样” 后接形容词：修饰名词；后接副词：修饰动词 结构中无a/an，这是与what的核心区别 例句1：How green the grass is! 例句2：How fast the river runs! what/how感叹句 核心区别（表格） 引导词 修饰对象 结构关键 有无a/an 强调重点 what 名词/名词短语 形+名 单名加，复/不可数不加 事物本身 how 形容词/副词 直接接形/副 无a/an 事物的特征/动作的状态 感叹句 易混句式对比（1） What a beautiful flower it is!（what+名词短语） How beautiful the flower is!（how+形容词） 两句含义相同：这朵花真漂亮！ 转换技巧：找到核心名词，有名词用what，无则用how 注意：名词前有形容词修饰，仍归为名词短语 感叹句 易混句式对比（2） What wonderful clouds they are!（复数名词，无a/an） How wonderful the clouds are!（形容词，无a/an） What cold snow it is!（不可数名词，无a/an） How cold the snow is!（形容词，无a/an） 总结：复/不可数名词前，what后永远不加a/an 感叹句 拓展（省略主语+谓语） 口语中，当语境明确时，可省略主语+谓语 what句式省略：What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词! how句式省略：How + 形容词/副词! 例句1：What a great view!（省略it is） 例句2：How amazing!（省略the landscape is） 本单元高频用法，需重点掌握 感叹句 即时小练（填what/how） 1.__________ a big ocean it is! 2.__________ bright the stars are at night! 3.__________ lovely the little rabbit is! 4.__________ fresh air there is in the mountain! What how how What 语法综合 语境运用（自然景观话题） 结合本单元“美丽的风景”，整合语法知识 例句1：Someone is taking photos of the rainbow. 例句2：How colorful the rainbow is! 例句3：There is nothing more beautiful than the sunset. 例句4：What a fantastic sunset it is! 技巧：先定句式，再选词汇，最后检查结构 专项习题一 不定代词填空 1.There is __________ on the top of the hill. Let's climb up to see. 2.We can't hear __________ in the quiet forest. 3.__________ is OK. We can start our trip now. 4.There is __________ in the bag. It's just an empty bag. 5.Is there __________ interesting in today's landscape book? 6.__________ in our group loves the blue sky and white clouds. someone anything Everything nothing anything Everyone 专项习题二 不定代词填空 1.I have __________ special to show you about the desert. 2.There is __________ else near the lake. Only a small tree. 3.__________ is waiting for us at the gate of the park. 4.She doesn't have __________ to eat for breakfast. 5.Can you give me __________ to drink? I'm very thirsty. 6.__________ knows the way to the waterfall. We need a guide. something nobody Someone anything something Nobody 专项习题三 what/how填空 1._______ a lovely bird it is singing in the tree! 2._______ fast the wind blows through the leaves! 3._______ beautiful the flowers by the river are! 4._______ tall mountains we see in the picture! 5._______ a clean lake it is in the village! 6._______ happy we are to see the beautiful view! What How How What What How 专项习题四 what/how填空 1._______ sweet the fruit on the mountain tastes! 2._______ amazing pictures he takes of the landscape! 3._______ wide the road to the forest is! 4._______ a wonderful trip we have to the hill! 5._______ clear the water in the stream is! 6._______ interesting stories about the desert he tells! What How What How How What 专项习题五 单项选择 1.There is _______ in the tree. It's a little bird. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 2.—Is there _______ in the classroom? —No, everyone goes to the playground. A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody 3._______ beautiful the sunset over the sea is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 4.I don't have _______ to do this weekend. Let's go hiking. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything B B B B 专项习题六 单项选择 1._______ a nice day we have for the picnic! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 2._______ is ready for the camping. We don't need to buy anything. A. Something B. Anything C. Everything D. Nothing 3.There is _______ wrong with my bike. I can ride it to the mountain. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 4._______ clever the boy is! He finds the way to the lake quickly. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a A C A B 专项习题七 句型转换（改为感叹句） 1.The sky is blue. → ____________ the sky is! 2.It is a tall mountain. → ____________ tall mountain it is! 3.The wind is gentle. → ____________ the wind is! 4.It is an amazing waterfall. → ____________ amazing waterfall it is! 5.The trees are green. → ____________ green the trees are! How blue What a How gentle What an How 专项习题八 句型转换（否定句/同义句） 1.There is something in the box.（否定句）→ There is _______ in the box. 2.Everybody likes the beautiful view.（否定句） → __________ likes the beautiful view. 3.I don't have anything to say.（同义句）→ I have __________ to say. 4.There isn't anybody in the room.（同义句） → There is __________ in the room. nothing Nobody nothing nobody 专项习题九 连词成句（注意标点） 1.what / view / a / beautiful / it / is (!) 2.how / the / lake / quiet / is (!) 3.something / I / in / find / the / grass (.) 4.nobody / the / in / is / forest (.) 5.how / we / happy / are (!) What a beautiful view it is! How quiet the lake is! I find something in the grass. Nobody is in the forest. How happy we are! 语法总结 不定代词 核心要点 四类核心分类：肯定、疑问/否定、整体、否定含义 some类用于肯定句，any类用于疑问/否定句 no类本身含否定，句中不加not，主谓用单数 不定代词+else，else后置表“其他的” 作主语时，所有不定代词的谓语均为单数 语法总结 感叹句 核心要点 两大引导词：what修饰名词，how修饰形/副 what结构：What+(a/an)+形+名+(主+谓)! how结构：How+形/副+(主+谓)! 单名加a/an，复/不可数名词不加，how后无a/an 语境明确时，可省略主语+谓语，为高频用法 语法总结 易混点辨析 不定代词：some用于委婉请求疑问句（Can you give me some...?） 感叹句：判断用what/how，先找核心名词 否定转换：something→nothing；somebody→nobody 易错点：how后加a/an（错误），what后漏加a/an（单名） 本单元核心：结合自然景观，灵活运用两类语法 学习回顾 核心框架 不定代词：四类分类+句式用法+else搭配+主谓一致 感叹句：what/how结构+核心区别+省略用法 题型掌握：填空、选择、句型转换、连词成句 话题运用：围绕“美丽的风景”进行口语/书面表达 解题技巧：先定规则，再选词汇，最后检查细节 教学课件 Unit 6 语法专项—— 不定代词 & 感叹句（what/how） Thank you for listening! 33 $