Unit 4 Stage and Screen Using language Grammar课件-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第二册

Unit 4 stage and screen using language -ing as adverbial (V-ing 作状语) 01 状语的概念 Contents 02 -ing 作状语的几种情况 04 注意事项 -ing 作状语的特点 03 一、 状语的概念 定义：用来修饰_____、____、_____或_______的句子成分被称为状语。状语一般用来表示动作或事件发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、程度、伴随等意义 分类：时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语、程度状语、结果状语、目的状语、让步状语、伴随状语、条件状语。 位置：句首、句中、句末。 动词 形容词 副词 整个句子 1. By working hard, we reached our goals. ________ 2. She was born on Jan 15th, 1987. ___________ 3. We have lessons at school everyday. ______________ 4. We can’t go out because of the heavy rain. ____________ 5. We'll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself. ________ 6. It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it. _______ 7. If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. _______ 8. I'll go even though it rains tomorrow. ______________ 9. He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper. ____________ 判断下面加粗部分做什么状语？ 方式状语 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 目的状语 结果状语 条件状语 让步状语 伴随状语 02 -ing作状语时的特点 (1) Seeing the main character come on stage, I was surprised. (2) Doing exercise every day, you will be healthy. (3) When I saw the main character come on stage, I was surprised. (4) If you do exercise every day, you will be healthy. 对比下面两组句子： 总结： 1.–ing作状语时，其逻辑主语为______________, 与其逻辑主语存在________关系. 2. -ing作状语时，其功能相当于对应的________________________. 3. 位置：_____________________________ 状语从句/并列结构 主动 句子主语 逗号隔开，句首或句末 6 03 -ing作状语时的几种情况 1. 作时间状语 Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. = _________he saw the police, he made a run for the exit. When he walked out of the room, he saw a dog. ____________ out of the room, he saw a dog. Walking 将下面的时间状语从句改写成分词作状语。 现在分词作时间状语，相当于when，while，after等引导的时间状语从句。 When 2. 作原因状语 Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. = _________________he was ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. = , he got lost. 将下面的原因状从改写成分词作状语： As he didn’t know the way, he got lost. 现在分词的否定直接在其前面加not。 现在分词作原因状语, 相当于as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句。 Because/As/Since Not knowing the way 3. 作条件状语 Turning to the left, you will see a school. = you turn to the left, you will see a school. If we ___________, we will get good results. 翻译句子：努力学习, 我们就会取得好成绩。 Studying hard, we will get good results. study hard 现在分词作条件状语，相当于if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。 If 4. 作结果状语 The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. = The child fell ______ struck his head against the door and cutting it. He went abroad, leaving his uncle a big house. 翻译句子：他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。 He went abroad and ________（leave） his uncle a big house. left 现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的结果，通常放在句末。 相当于一个并列结构或such/so…that引导的结果状语从句。 and 5. 作让步状语 Having tried many times, he still couldn’t overcome his difficulties. = _________ he tried many times, he still couldn’t overcome his difficulties. ________________________________, I won’t give up. Although I _________________, I won’t give up. know it is difficult 现在分词作让步状语，相当于though, although，even if，even though 等引导的让步状语从句， 翻译句子：即使我知道这很难。我也不会放弃。 Although = Knowing it is difficult 6. 作伴随状语 Emma was sitting in an armchair reading a book. =Emma was sitting in an armchair ________was reading a book. 翻译下面句子： 他躺在草地上，凝望天空。 He lay on the grass and ___________ the sky. stared at He lay on the grass, __________________________ ing形式作伴随状语。相当于一个并列结构 and staring at the sky. =Please answer the question______ using another way. 7. 作方式状语， 相当于by 引导的方式状语 by Please answer the question, using another way. 时间 让步 原因 结果 V-ing形式 作状语 条件 伴随 方式 Summary I. 用动词-ing形式改写下面加粗部分句子。 1.Tom put down his shopping bag and held out his hand to the child. ___________________________________________ 2. When he crossed the road, he kept his eyes on the spot where the accident happened. _________________________________________________________ 3. The cat stepped forward and climbed through the hole in the wall. _________________________________________________________ 4. When the bear came out of the forest, it showed its teeth and made a loud noise. ___________________________________________________ 5. He turned away from me and looked out of the window. _______________________________________________________ I. 用动词-ing形式改写下面加粗部分句子。 1.Tom put down his shopping bag and held out his hand to the child. __________________________________________________________________________________ 2. When he crossed the road, he kept his eyes on the spot where the accident happened. ___________________________________________________________________________ Tom put down his shopping bag, holding out his hand to the child. Crossing the road, he kept his eyes on the spot where the accident happened. 3. The cat stepped forward and climbed through the hole in the wall. __________________________________________________________________________________ 4. When the bear came out of the forest, it showed its teeth and made a loud noise. __________________________________________________________________________________ 5. He turned away from me and looked out of the window. _______________________________________________________ The cat stepped forward，climbing through the hole in the wall. Coming out of the forest, the bear showed its teeth and made a loud noise. He turned away from me, looking out of the window. 四、 V-ing form的四种形式 doing being done having done having been done V-ing 的四种形式 01 02 She sat at the desk, doing her homework. Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 总结1：doing 表示V-ing的动作与谓语动作 _____________发生或______________发生， 与其逻辑主语存在_________关系。 同时 几乎同时 主动 V-ing 的四种形式 01 02 Being painted, the room can’t be used now. Being beaten , he cried loudly. 总结：being done结构表示___________的被动动作。Being done 动作与其逻辑主语是________关系 正在进行 被动 V-ing 的四种形式 01 Having finished the class, she went home. 02 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examination. 总结：having done为-ing的完成式，强调动作发生在谓语动作___________(之前/之后)。与其逻辑主语存在___________关系. 之前 主动 V-ing 的四种形式 01 Having been beaten by the farmer, the horse went away. 02 Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder. 总结：having been done为完成式的被动语态形式，强调动作发生在谓语动作____________. 与其逻辑主语之间存在________关系， 被动 之前 Summary 项目 主动形式 被动形式 时态意义 语态意义 一般式 doing being done 主动形式表示构成动词-ing形式的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系;被动形式表示构成动词-ing形式的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系 完成式 having done having been done 主动形式表示构成动词-ing形式的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系;被动形式表示构成动词-ing形式的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系 表示动词-ing形式动作与谓语动作(几乎)同时发生 表示动词-ing形式动作先于谓语动作发生 练习： 1. We walked as fast as we could, _______________(hope) to get there on time. 2. ___ (wait) for an hour, I became impatient. 3. _____________________(repair), the car isn't available now. 4. ______________________(praise) by his teachers, he worked even more harder. hoping Having waited Being repaired Having been praised 解题技巧 1.找逻辑主语，判断主被动 2. 判断与谓语动作发生的时间先后 05 注意事项 v-ing形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语须与主句的主语一致。判断下列句子是否正确，如果错误，请改正。 1.Rushing into the dining-room, supper was waiting for me. 2.Rushing into the dining-room, I found supper was waiting for me. 3.While visiting a strange city, a guide-book is very helpful. 4.While visiting a strange city, you may find a guide-book very helpful. 注意事项1：逻辑主语 分词作状语时，逻辑主语一般与句子的主语一致，如果不一致，用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它自己的主语。这样的结构我们称之为独立主格结构。 例如： Weather permitting, they will go and visit the science museum. The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the cave. The situation getting worse，they had to ask for help. 注意事项2：独立主格结构 有些动词-ing形式作状语,在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,用来修饰主句,表明说话者的态度、观点等,被称为动词-ing形式的独立成分。常见的独立成分有: generally/strictly/frankly speaking_____________________ judging from/by _______________________ 3. considering (that) ... ________________________ 4. supposing/providing that... ________________________ 5. seeing that... ________________________ 6. taking...into consideration ________________________ 注意事项3：独立成分 一般说来/严格说来/坦率地说 从……来判断 考虑到 假如……;假设…… 鉴于…;既然… 考虑到…… 29 为了使分词作状语表达的意思更明确，可在其 前面加上适当的连词：when, while, once, if, though, unless, even 等。 eg When waiting for the bus, he saw an old friend. Once losing the chance, you can’t easily find it. Don’t talk while having dinner. 注意事项4： 1._______ (Be) ill, he stayed at home. 5.________________ (praise) by his teacher, Little Tom worked hard than ever. 3.___________ (Not know) much English, he could hardly understand the film. Being Having been praised 2._____(Use) your head and you will find a way. Use Not knowing 4.The men sat in the chair, _______(read) newspaper. reading 用括号单词的正确形式填空 课后练习 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 二级 三级 四级 五级 Practice 2 得知你们公司需要一位翻译，我想申请这个职位。 that your company needs a translator , I would like to apply for the post. 申请信 Knowing/learning 面对学习中巨大的压力，我们首先要正确看待它。 the great pressure in study , we should treat it properly. 建议信 Facing Practice Practice 一场关于英语戏剧的讲座将于星期五下午两点在学校报告厅举行。旨在帮助学生们更好的了解西方文化。(aim at ) A lecture about English play will be held at 2:00pm on this Friday in our school hall, helping the students learn more about the western culture. 通知 aiming at Practice3 01 Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 02 Generally spoken, facial expressions are helpful to communicate. 03 seeing speaking Have waited for an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. 04 His parents died, left him an orphan. ________ ________ ________ Having _____ leaving Practice 4 01 (2018·全国卷II) So imagine my delight when he e-mailed me ________(say) he wanted to come to visit me. 02 (2018·天津)_____ (be) the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. 03 (2018·江苏)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period， ________ (exceed) the expected number of 12,200 held by market analysts. exceeding saying Being Homework Review the use of v--ing form 整理笔记 37 . Thank you! $