Unit1Time to relax 语法知识总结 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该资料聚焦2026人教新八下Unit1动词不定式语法，在八上Unit6初学基础上，系统梳理其作主语、宾语、表语、定语用法，重点深化宾语补足语（含省to情况）和目的状语（含否定及同义替换），并拓展疑问词+不定式用法，构建完整知识支架。 知识链路逻辑清晰，从定义到用法分类，结合口诀和动词搭配对比表强化记忆。习题设计分层，涵盖单选、填空、词汇辨析及课文改编语法填空，通过情境化练习提升语言应用能力，培养对比分析的思维品质，助力学生高效掌握语法知识。

2026人教新八下 Unit1 语法知识点专练 一、动词不定式用法总结（八上Unit6初学）--------定义：动词不定式的基本形式为“to + 动词原形”。 1. 作主语 To learn English well is important. = It is important to learn English well.（学好英语很重要。） 2. 作宾语：接在某些及物动词后（want, hope, decide, plan, try, forget 等+to do 形式）。 She wants to go shopping.（她想去购物。） 3. 作表语：be + to + do 用于表示将来时。 His dream is to be a doctor.（他的梦想是成为一名医生。） 4. 作定语 ：修饰名词或代词，通常后置，表将来或未完成的动作。 I have a lot of homework to do.（我有很多作业要做。） 5. 作宾语补足语（本单元重点） 补充说明“宾语要做的事”。 ① 结构固定：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + to do （谓语动词多为“使役、感官、请求”类，如 ask, tell, want, let 等）。 eg: My mom asked me to clean the room.妈妈让我打扫房间。（“打扫房间”是补充说明“我”要做的事。） ② 特殊省略 to 的情况： 谓语动词是 let, make, have（使役动词）+ do 不定式省略 to。 - see, hear, watch notice, find 等词时，- 注意：如果动作表示正在进行 + doing - eg: Let him go. 让他走。(省略 to) - eg: I saw her run. 我看见她跑了。(省略 to) - 注意：初三学被动语态时，省略的 to 要补回。- He was made to work overtime. 他被迫加班。(被动句补 to) ③ 常见搭配动词： 带 to：want, ask, tell, teach, expect, encourage. eg: I want you to help me. 省 to：let, make, have, see, hear, watch. eg: She made the child finish homework. 6. 作目的状语（本单元重点） 不定式作目的状语：表“为了做某事”。 ① 位置灵活：可放在句首（加逗号）或句末，核心是说明“谓语动作的目的”。 - 句末：I went to the store to buy milk. 我去商店，为了买牛奶。 - 句首：To improve English, she practices speaking every day. ② 同义替换：可与 “in order to do” “to do” 互换。 - eg: He gets up early to catch the bus = He gets up early in order to catch the bus。 ③ 否定形式：在 to 前加 not，即 “not to do”（表“为了不做某事”）。 - eg: She walked quietly not to wake the baby.她轻轻走路，为了不吵醒宝宝。 - eg: He went to the library to read books.他去图书馆看书。(表目的为了看书) 二、疑问词+不定式用法 疑问词（what/when/where/how 等）后接不定式，可在句中作宾语、表语（也可做主语，但是常被替换为用 it 做形式主语句子）。 - 作宾语：I don't know how to fix the bike. - 作表语：The question is where to find the key. - 做主语：It is hard to decide which to choose. = Which to choose is hard to decide. 动词不定式省to [口诀：一感二听三让四看半帮助] 一感觉 feel 二听 listen to,hear sb.doing sth.(正在做 三使make,let,have +sb.do sth.(全过程) 四看 watch,see,look at,notice 半帮助 help sb.(to)do sth. 动词不定式(to do) 需要拒绝莫忘记 need,refuse,forget 想要学习就努力want,would like,learn,try 希望帮助并同意hope/wish/expect,help,agree/promise 喜欢决定后始计like,decide,begin/start,plan   动词+to do/doing stop to do 停下来去做新事 stop doing 停下原做的事 remember to do记得去做 remember doing记得做过 forget to do忘记去做 forget doing忘记做过 try to do努力去做 try doing尝试着去做 regret to do遗憾去做 regret doing后悔做过 不定式专项练习 <1>. 不定式作宾补与目的状语专练 单项选择 （ ）1. She got up early this morning ______ catch the first train to Beijing. A. so that B. in order to C. because D. instead of （ ）2. The teacher asked us ______ our homework before class. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished （ ）3. ______ improve his listening skills, Tom listens to English news every night. A. To B. For C. With D. By （ ）4. Let’s ______ him ______ us with the project. He’s very good at it. A. ask; help B. to ask; to help C. ask; to help D. to ask; help （ ）5. We should turn off the lights when leaving the room ______ waste electricity. A. so as to B. in order not to C. so that not to D. in order to not （ ）6. I am sorry I didn’t hear someone ______ the door just now. A. to knock B. knocking C. knock D. knocks （ ）7. He took a map with him ______ he wouldn’t get lost in the new city. A. to B. in order that C. in order to D. for （ ）8. The boss made the workers ______ 10 hours a day last month. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked （ ）9. They saved enough money ______ a new car for their parents. A. buying B. buy C. to buy D. bought （ ）10. My parents always encourage me ______ what I really like. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did （ ）11. The students are practicing English hard ______ pass the upcoming exam. A. so that to B. in order C. to D. for to （ ）12. Did you hear someone ______ for help in the street just now? A. shout B. to shout C. shouting D. shouted （ ）13. My sister learned to cook ______ take care of herself when living alone. A. because of B. so as to C. thanks to D. as a result of （ ）14. The mother told her daughter ______ too much time playing computer games. A. not to spend B. to not spend C. don’t spend D. not spend <2>. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The little girl wants her mom ______ (read) a story to her every night. 2. The best way ______ (improve) your English is to practice speaking every day. 3. He stayed up late last night ______ (prepare) for today’s important exam. 4. They went to the supermarket ______ (buy) some daily necessities. 四、语法知识点综合练习 I. 词汇辨析 1. get 相关短语 get over：克服，恢复； get up：起床；起身 ；get on：登上（交通工具，如公交、火车） get off：下车/船/飞机； get into：进入（房间/车辆）；陷入（状态/麻烦） 1. Please ______ the subway at the next station. 2. Hurry up! We need to ______ the bus in five minutes. 3. She ______ the car and drove away. 4. I usually ______ at 7 a.m. on workdays. 5. She finally ______ her fear of flying. 2. do exercise / do exercises - do exercise：不可数名词用法，泛指“进行体育锻炼” - do exercises：可数名词用法，1. 做操，2. 做练习题 1. After class, I need to ______ in my math workbook. 2. I usually ______ for 30 minutes every morning. 3. We ______ on the playground after the second class. 3. be afraid of / be afraid to do / be scared of / be scared to do / fear / worried - be afraid of：害怕……后接名词、代词或动名词（doing）。 - be afraid to do：因“担心做事后果，而不敢去做”，后接动词原形。 - be scared of：因“强烈的、突然的威胁或恐惧”而感到害怕，后接名词、代词或动名词（doing）。可与 be afraid of 进行替换。 - be scared to do：不敢去做……，后接动词原形，可与 be afraid to do 进行替换。 - fear（动词/名词）： - 动词：因“严重的威胁、未知风险”而感到恐惧，后接名词、代词或 that 从句，语气正式、严肃； - 名词：指“恐惧的情绪或对象”，不可数（表情绪）或可数（表恐惧、担忧的事物，复数 fears）。 - worried：形容词，因“未来可能发生的不好的事”而感到焦虑、担忧，常与 about 搭配（be worried about），或后接 that 从句。 1. His biggest ______ is losing his family. 2. Amy ______ the dog running towards her. 课文改编语法填空 When work or school is over, what do you do 1. ______ (pass) the time? Do you spend time on hobbies you love? Reading or listening to music can help us to calm down 2. ______ a busy day. Physical hobbies, such as playing tennis or doing yoga, can help us to keep fit. And some hobbies are 3. ______ (create). For example, people sometimes paint pictures to remember a beautiful landscape or object, or reduce stress. Luca Bruno likes creative in 4. ______ (he) free time. But he doesn’t make art or write stories. Instead, this 5. ______ (Italy) teenager finds it fun to make mobile phone apps. He thinks that apps can be a great way to help people. He started programming when he was ten, after he read about famous 6. ______ (businessman) who started out as programmers. His latest app allows people around the world to find study partners for learning Italian. They can learn Italian and make friends at the same time! “It gives me such 7. ______ sense of achievement to see people using the app,” says Luca. “I believe I 8. ______ (help) people around the world to learn Italian!” Some people prefer not to make things. They prefer 9. ______ (collect) them! In India, Maya Badal doesn’t collect coins or stamps. Instead, this teenage girl collects postcards! “I know some people think postcards are rather old-fashioned, but I think they’re a good way 10. ______ (learn) about different places,” Maya says. “I think it’s interesting to see the beautiful buildings and landscapes in foreign 11. ______ (country).” Maya's 12. ______ (one) postcard shows the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. Her dad sent it to her when she was five, and she liked it 13. ______ much that she put it up on her bedroom wall! Now there are over one hundred postcards 14. ______ thirty-two countries on 15. ______ (Maya) walls. She dreams of travelling to these places in the future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $