Unit 11 语法专项课件 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级下册
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新仁爱八年级下册
Unit 11语法专项——词类转换 + that引导的宾语从句(Ⅰ)
全解精讲+分层练习
1
学习目标
1. 掌握词类转换(名/形转动词)的规则、用法及语境判断
2. 理解that引导的宾语从句定义、结构及时态一致规则
3. 能在多样题型中灵活运用两大语法点,提升语言应用能力
4. 结合传统文化语境,体会语法在实际表达中的运用
语法点1:词类转换(Conversion)—— 核心定义
什么是词类转换?
1. 定义:同一个单词,无需添加词缀,仅改变词性
2. 核心:不改变单词核心含义,仅改变语法功能
3. 本单元重点:名词 → 动词、形容词 → 动词
4. 关键:词性由句子语境决定,而非单词本身
例:water既可以是“水”(名词),也可以是“浇水”(动词)
词类转换——名词→动词(核心类型1)
定义:原本表示“事物”的名词,转换后表示“与该事物相关的动作”
核心逻辑:事物 → 对事物的动作/使用事物的动作
示例:
1. water(名词:水)→ 动词:浇水
2. ship(名词:船)→ 动词:运输(用船运输)
3. dress(名词:连衣裙)→ 动词:穿衣服
4. hand(名词:手)→ 动词:递、交付
名词→动词 例句解析
1. trade(名词:贸易)→ 动词:进行贸易、交易
例句:Businessmen trade silk with foreign countries.
2. light(名词:光)→ 动词:照亮、点燃
例句:The candle lights the small room.(蜡烛照亮了这个小房间。)
3. paper(名词:纸)→ 动词:用纸包装、记录
例句:She papers the gift with red paper.(她用红纸包装礼物。)
词类转换——形容词→动词(核心类型2)
定义:原本表示“事物特征”的形容词,转换后表示“使事物具有该特征”
核心逻辑:特征 → 使某物/某人具备该特征
示例:
1. clean(形容词:干净的)→ 动词:打扫、使干净
2. correct(形容词:正确的)→ 动词:纠正、使正确
3. warm(形容词:温暖的)→ 动词:使温暖、变暖
4. free(形容词:空闲的)→ 动词:解放、放松
形容词→动词 例句解析
1. clear(形容词:清晰的)→ 动词:使清晰、清理
例句:We clear the table after dinner.(我们晚饭后清理桌子。)
2. cool(形容词:凉爽的)→ 动词:使凉爽、降温
例句:Open the window to cool the room.(打开窗户给房间降温。)
3. quiet(形容词:安静的)→ 动词:使安静、安静下来
例句:The teacher asks us to quiet down.(老师让我们安静下来。)
词类转换——用法注意要点(必记)
1. 无词缀变化:仅改变词性,单词拼写不变(特殊情况除外)
2. 词性判断:看单词在句中的语法功能
- 作主语、宾语 → 名词
- 作谓语(接在主语后)→ 动词
- 作定语、表语 → 形容词
3. 时态变化:转换为动词后,需随主语、时态变化(三单、过去式等)
例:He cleans the room.(clean作动词,三单形式cleans)
词类转换 小练习(基础拼写)
根据句意,用所给词的正确词性填空(名/形转动词)
1. Farmers ___________ (water) the crops every morning.
2. She ___________ (dress) her little sister every day.
3. We need to ___________ (correct) our mistakes at once.
4. The sun ___________ (light) our classroom in the morning.
5. They ___________ (trade) tea with other countries.
water
dresses
correct
lights
trade
语法点2:宾语从句(Ⅰ)—— that引导(核心定义)
什么是宾语从句?
1. 定义:在主句中作宾语的从句,相当于一个“大宾语”
2. 本单元重点:由that引导的宾语从句,用于陈述事实
3. 核心特征:that无实际含义,仅起连接作用
4. 简单理解:主句 + “that + 一个完整的陈述句”
例:I know (that) he is a student.(我知道他是一名学生。)
that引导的宾语从句——核心结构
完整结构:主句(主语 + 谓语动词)+ that + 宾语从句(主谓完整)
关键细节:
1. 引导词that:可省略(口语、非正式语境),也可保留(书面语)
2. 主句谓语动词:多为“知道、说、认为、告诉”等表心理/言语的词
常见动词:say, know, think, tell, believe, find等
3. 宾语从句:必须是一个完整的陈述句(主谓齐全)
例:She says (that) she likes qipao.(主句+that+完整从句)
宾语从句——时态一致规则(核心考点)
核心原则:宾语从句的时态,需与主句时态保持一致
规则1:主句是一般现在时
从句可根据实际情况,用任意时态(现在、过去、将来)
规则2:主句是一般过去时
从句需用相应的过去时态(过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等)
注意:陈述客观真理、事实时,从句时态不变(仍用一般现在时)
时态一致——规则1(主句一般现在时)示例
主句为一般现在时,从句时态灵活变化:
1. 从句一般现在时(陈述习惯/事实)
I think (that) paper-cut is a traditional art.(我认为剪纸是传统艺术。)
2. 从句现在进行时(表正在进行)
We know (that) they are making Chinese knots.(我们知道他们在做中国结。)
3. 从句一般将来时(表未来)
She says (that) she will go to the Silk Road museum tomorrow.
时态一致——规则2(主句一般过去时)示例
主句为一般过去时,从句用相应过去时态:
1. 从句一般过去时(表过去发生的动作)
He said (that) he visited the Forbidden City.(他说他参观了故宫。)
2. 从句过去进行时(表过去正在进行)
She told me (that) she was preparing for the dragon dance.(她告诉我她在准备舞龙。)
3. 从句过去将来时(表过去的未来)
The teacher told us (that) there would be a qipao show.
宾语从句——特殊注意事项
1. that的省略:口语中可省,但书面语建议保留,避免歧义
2. 语序不变:宾语从句必须用陈述句语序(主语在前,谓语在后)
错误:I don’t know that is he a student.(疑问句语序)
正确:I don’t know (that) he is a student.(陈述句语序)
3. 客观真理例外:即使主句过去时,从句仍用一般现在时
例:He said (that) the earth goes around the sun.
宾语从句 小练习(时态匹配)
根据主句时态,用所给词的正确时态填空
1. Lingling says (that) she ___________ (learn) to make spring rolls now.
2. I know (that) Confucius ___________ (be) a great thinker.
3. He said (that) he ___________ (clean) his room yesterday.
4. We believe (that) we ___________ (protect) traditional culture well.
is learning
is
cleaned
protect/
will protect
专项练习 题型一:词类转换(填空)
根据括号内提示,用所给词的正确形式填空(名/形转动词)
1. People ___________ (ship) silk along the Silk Road long ago.
2. You should ___________ (correct) your mistakes in time.
3. The warm sun ___________ (warm) our hearts in winter.
4. She ___________ (hand) the paper-cuts to her teacher just now.
5. After class, we ___________ (free) our minds by playing games.
6. They ___________ (trade) tea and porcelain with foreign countries.
warms
handed
free
correct
trade
shipped
专项练习 题型二:词类转换(判断词性)
判断句中划线词的词性,填写“名词/形容词/动词”
1. The water in the lake is very clear. ___________
2. We water the flowers in the garden every afternoon. ___________
3. She wears a beautiful dress to the party. ___________
4. My mother helps me dress every morning. ___________
5. The cool wind makes us feel comfortable. ___________
6. We cool the juice in the fridge. ___________
名词
动词
名词
动词
形容词
动词
专项练习 题型三:宾语从句(时态匹配)
用所给词的正确时态填空,注意主句与从句时态一致
1. I know (that) the Great Wall ___________ (be) very famous in the world.(客观事实)
2. She told me (that) she ___________ (visit) the Silk Road museum last month.(过去动作)
3. They say (that) they ___________ (prepare) for the Beijing Opera show now.(正在进行)
4. The old man said (that) he ___________ (live) in this village all his life.(过去持续)
5. We think (that) we ___________ (go) to watch the dragon dance tomorrow.(未来动作)
is
visited
are preparing
had lived
will go
专项练习 题型四:单项选择(词类转换)
从A、B、C中选择最佳答案,侧重词类转换的运用
1. Farmers use waterwheels to ___________ their crops every year.
A. water B. watered C. watering
2. People ___________ goods through the Grand Canal hundreds of years ago.
A. ship B. shipped C. shipping
3. She ___________ her child in a red coat before going out.
A. dress B. dresses C. dressing
A
B
B
专项练习 题型四:单项选择(宾语从句)
从A、B、C中选择最佳答案,侧重宾语从句用法
1. I know ___________ paper-cut is a traditional Chinese art.
A. that B. if C. what
2. The teacher told us ___________ there would be a qipao show next week.
A. if B. that C. what
3. She says (that) she ___________ Chinese knots now.
A. makes B. is making C. made
A
B
B
专项练习 题型五:句型转换(词类转换)
按要求改写句子,运用词类转换知识
1. The water in the river is clean.(将clean改为动词,改写句子)
____________________________________________________
2. She has a new dress.(将dress改为动词,改写句子)
____________________________________________________
3. The sun gives light to the earth.(将light改为动词,改写句子)
____________________________________________________
4. He is a free man.(将free改为动词,改写句子)
____________________________________________________
We clean the water in the river.
She dresses herself in a new coat.
The sun lights the earth.
He frees himself from the busy work.
专项练习 题型六:句型转换(宾语从句)
将下列两个句子合并为含that引导的宾语从句的句子
1. Lingling says. She learns to make dumplings.
____________________________________________________
2. The teacher told us. There will be a test tomorrow.
____________________________________________________
3. I know. Confucius is a great thinker. _____________________________________________________
4. He said. He visited the Forbidden City last year.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Lingling says (that) she learns to make dumplings.
The teacher told us (that) there would be a test tomorrow.
I know (that) Confucius is a great thinker.
He said (that) he visited the Forbidden City last year.
专项练习 题型七:完成句子(词类转换)
根据汉语提示,用词类转换完成句子
1. 农民们用水车给庄稼浇水。
Farmers use waterwheels to ___________ their crops.
2. 人们通过大运河运输货物。
People ______________ goods through the Grand Canal.
3. 我们春节前打扫房屋。
We ___________ our houses before the Spring Festival.
4. 善意的话能温暖人们的心。
Kind words can ___________ people’s hearts.
water
ship/shipped
clean
warm
专项练习 题型七:完成句子(宾语从句)
根据汉语提示,用that引导的宾语从句完成句子
1. 我知道剪纸是中国的传统艺术。
I know ___________ paper-cut is a traditional Chinese art.
2. 老师告诉我们下周会有一场旗袍表演。
The teacher told us ___________ there would be a qipao show next week.
3. 她说她明天会穿旗袍参加聚会。
She says ___________ she will wear qipao to the party tomorrow.
4. 我们相信我们能保护好传统文化。
We believe ___________ we can protect traditional culture well.
that
that
that
that
专项练习 题型八:改错(词类转换+宾语从句)
找出下列句子中的错误并改正(每句仅1处错误)
1. He watered the flowers every day.
错误:___________ 改正:___________
2. I know that is he a good student.
错误:___________ 改正:___________
3. She says that she will went to the museum.
错误:___________ 改正:___________
4. They clean the room yesterday.
错误:___________ 改正:___________
watered
waters
is he
he is
went
go
clean
cleaned
语法核心总结(一)—— 词类转换
核心要点梳理(必记):
1. 核心类型:名词→动词、形容词→动词,无词缀变化
2. 含义逻辑:名词转动词表“相关动作”,形容词转动词表“使具备该特征”
3. 词性判断:看单词在句中的功能(主语/宾语→名;谓语→动)
4. 时态变化:转成动词后,需随主语、时态变(三单、过去式等)
5. 易错点:避免混淆词性,牢记“语境决定词性”
语法核心总结(二)—— that引导的宾语从句
核心要点梳理(必记):
1. 结构:主句 + (that) + 宾语从句(陈述句语序)
2. that用法:无含义,可省略(口语),书面语建议保留
3. 时态一致:主句现,从句任意;主句过,从句过(客观真理例外)
4. 易错点:从句必须用陈述句语序,不可用疑问句语序
5. 常见主句动词:say, know, think, tell, believe等
单元语法易错点汇总
词类转换易错点:
1. 混淆词性:误将动词当名词/形容词使用(如:误写We water clean.)
2. 时态遗漏:转成动词后,未变三单、过去式(如:He water the crops.)
宾语从句易错点:
1. 语序错误:从句用疑问句语序(如:I know that is he happy.)
2. 时态不一致:主句过去时,从句用现在时(客观真理除外)
3. 遗漏that:书面语中遗漏that,导致句子不完整
教学课件
Unit 11语法专项——词类转换 + that引导的宾语从句(Ⅰ)
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