Unit 11 语法专项课件 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级下册

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教学课件 新仁爱八年级下册 Unit 11语法专项——词类转换 + that引导的宾语从句(Ⅰ) 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 1. 掌握词类转换(名/形转动词)的规则、用法及语境判断 2. 理解that引导的宾语从句定义、结构及时态一致规则 3. 能在多样题型中灵活运用两大语法点,提升语言应用能力 4. 结合传统文化语境,体会语法在实际表达中的运用 语法点1:词类转换(Conversion)—— 核心定义 什么是词类转换? 1. 定义:同一个单词,无需添加词缀,仅改变词性 2. 核心:不改变单词核心含义,仅改变语法功能 3. 本单元重点:名词 → 动词、形容词 → 动词 4. 关键:词性由句子语境决定,而非单词本身 例:water既可以是“水”(名词),也可以是“浇水”(动词) 词类转换——名词→动词(核心类型1) 定义:原本表示“事物”的名词,转换后表示“与该事物相关的动作” 核心逻辑:事物 → 对事物的动作/使用事物的动作 示例: 1. water(名词:水)→ 动词:浇水 2. ship(名词:船)→ 动词:运输(用船运输) 3. dress(名词:连衣裙)→ 动词:穿衣服 4. hand(名词:手)→ 动词:递、交付 名词→动词 例句解析 1. trade(名词:贸易)→ 动词:进行贸易、交易 例句:Businessmen trade silk with foreign countries. 2. light(名词:光)→ 动词:照亮、点燃 例句:The candle lights the small room.(蜡烛照亮了这个小房间。) 3. paper(名词:纸)→ 动词:用纸包装、记录 例句:She papers the gift with red paper.(她用红纸包装礼物。) 词类转换——形容词→动词(核心类型2) 定义:原本表示“事物特征”的形容词,转换后表示“使事物具有该特征” 核心逻辑:特征 → 使某物/某人具备该特征 示例: 1. clean(形容词:干净的)→ 动词:打扫、使干净 2. correct(形容词:正确的)→ 动词:纠正、使正确 3. warm(形容词:温暖的)→ 动词:使温暖、变暖 4. free(形容词:空闲的)→ 动词:解放、放松 形容词→动词 例句解析 1. clear(形容词:清晰的)→ 动词:使清晰、清理 例句:We clear the table after dinner.(我们晚饭后清理桌子。) 2. cool(形容词:凉爽的)→ 动词:使凉爽、降温 例句:Open the window to cool the room.(打开窗户给房间降温。) 3. quiet(形容词:安静的)→ 动词:使安静、安静下来 例句:The teacher asks us to quiet down.(老师让我们安静下来。) 词类转换——用法注意要点(必记) 1. 无词缀变化:仅改变词性,单词拼写不变(特殊情况除外) 2. 词性判断:看单词在句中的语法功能 - 作主语、宾语 → 名词 - 作谓语(接在主语后)→ 动词 - 作定语、表语 → 形容词 3. 时态变化:转换为动词后,需随主语、时态变化(三单、过去式等) 例:He cleans the room.(clean作动词,三单形式cleans) 词类转换 小练习(基础拼写) 根据句意,用所给词的正确词性填空(名/形转动词) 1. Farmers ___________ (water) the crops every morning. 2. She ___________ (dress) her little sister every day. 3. We need to ___________ (correct) our mistakes at once. 4. The sun ___________ (light) our classroom in the morning. 5. They ___________ (trade) tea with other countries. water dresses correct lights trade 语法点2:宾语从句(Ⅰ)—— that引导(核心定义) 什么是宾语从句? 1. 定义:在主句中作宾语的从句,相当于一个“大宾语” 2. 本单元重点:由that引导的宾语从句,用于陈述事实 3. 核心特征:that无实际含义,仅起连接作用 4. 简单理解:主句 + “that + 一个完整的陈述句” 例:I know (that) he is a student.(我知道他是一名学生。) that引导的宾语从句——核心结构 完整结构:主句(主语 + 谓语动词)+ that + 宾语从句(主谓完整) 关键细节: 1. 引导词that:可省略(口语、非正式语境),也可保留(书面语) 2. 主句谓语动词:多为“知道、说、认为、告诉”等表心理/言语的词 常见动词:say, know, think, tell, believe, find等 3. 宾语从句:必须是一个完整的陈述句(主谓齐全) 例:She says (that) she likes qipao.(主句+that+完整从句) 宾语从句——时态一致规则(核心考点) 核心原则:宾语从句的时态,需与主句时态保持一致 规则1:主句是一般现在时 从句可根据实际情况,用任意时态(现在、过去、将来) 规则2:主句是一般过去时 从句需用相应的过去时态(过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等) 注意:陈述客观真理、事实时,从句时态不变(仍用一般现在时) 时态一致——规则1(主句一般现在时)示例 主句为一般现在时,从句时态灵活变化: 1. 从句一般现在时(陈述习惯/事实) I think (that) paper-cut is a traditional art.(我认为剪纸是传统艺术。) 2. 从句现在进行时(表正在进行) We know (that) they are making Chinese knots.(我们知道他们在做中国结。) 3. 从句一般将来时(表未来) She says (that) she will go to the Silk Road museum tomorrow. 时态一致——规则2(主句一般过去时)示例 主句为一般过去时,从句用相应过去时态: 1. 从句一般过去时(表过去发生的动作) He said (that) he visited the Forbidden City.(他说他参观了故宫。) 2. 从句过去进行时(表过去正在进行) She told me (that) she was preparing for the dragon dance.(她告诉我她在准备舞龙。) 3. 从句过去将来时(表过去的未来) The teacher told us (that) there would be a qipao show. 宾语从句——特殊注意事项 1. that的省略:口语中可省,但书面语建议保留,避免歧义 2. 语序不变:宾语从句必须用陈述句语序(主语在前,谓语在后) 错误:I don’t know that is he a student.(疑问句语序) 正确:I don’t know (that) he is a student.(陈述句语序) 3. 客观真理例外:即使主句过去时,从句仍用一般现在时 例:He said (that) the earth goes around the sun. 宾语从句 小练习(时态匹配) 根据主句时态,用所给词的正确时态填空 1. Lingling says (that) she ___________ (learn) to make spring rolls now. 2. I know (that) Confucius ___________ (be) a great thinker. 3. He said (that) he ___________ (clean) his room yesterday. 4. We believe (that) we ___________ (protect) traditional culture well. is learning is cleaned protect/ will protect 专项练习 题型一:词类转换(填空) 根据括号内提示,用所给词的正确形式填空(名/形转动词) 1. People ___________ (ship) silk along the Silk Road long ago. 2. You should ___________ (correct) your mistakes in time. 3. The warm sun ___________ (warm) our hearts in winter. 4. She ___________ (hand) the paper-cuts to her teacher just now. 5. After class, we ___________ (free) our minds by playing games. 6. They ___________ (trade) tea and porcelain with foreign countries. warms handed free correct trade shipped 专项练习 题型二:词类转换(判断词性) 判断句中划线词的词性,填写“名词/形容词/动词” 1. The water in the lake is very clear. ___________ 2. We water the flowers in the garden every afternoon. ___________ 3. She wears a beautiful dress to the party. ___________ 4. My mother helps me dress every morning. ___________ 5. The cool wind makes us feel comfortable. ___________ 6. We cool the juice in the fridge. ___________ 名词 动词 名词 动词 形容词 动词 专项练习 题型三:宾语从句(时态匹配) 用所给词的正确时态填空,注意主句与从句时态一致 1. I know (that) the Great Wall ___________ (be) very famous in the world.(客观事实) 2. She told me (that) she ___________ (visit) the Silk Road museum last month.(过去动作) 3. They say (that) they ___________ (prepare) for the Beijing Opera show now.(正在进行) 4. The old man said (that) he ___________ (live) in this village all his life.(过去持续) 5. We think (that) we ___________ (go) to watch the dragon dance tomorrow.(未来动作) is visited are preparing had lived will go 专项练习 题型四:单项选择(词类转换) 从A、B、C中选择最佳答案,侧重词类转换的运用 1. Farmers use waterwheels to ___________ their crops every year. A. water B. watered C. watering 2. People ___________ goods through the Grand Canal hundreds of years ago. A. ship B. shipped C. shipping 3. She ___________ her child in a red coat before going out. A. dress B. dresses C. dressing A B B 专项练习 题型四:单项选择(宾语从句) 从A、B、C中选择最佳答案,侧重宾语从句用法 1. I know ___________ paper-cut is a traditional Chinese art. A. that B. if C. what 2. The teacher told us ___________ there would be a qipao show next week. A. if B. that C. what 3. She says (that) she ___________ Chinese knots now. A. makes B. is making C. made A B B 专项练习 题型五:句型转换(词类转换) 按要求改写句子,运用词类转换知识 1. The water in the river is clean.(将clean改为动词,改写句子) ____________________________________________________ 2. She has a new dress.(将dress改为动词,改写句子) ____________________________________________________ 3. The sun gives light to the earth.(将light改为动词,改写句子) ____________________________________________________ 4. He is a free man.(将free改为动词,改写句子) ____________________________________________________ We clean the water in the river. She dresses herself in a new coat. The sun lights the earth. He frees himself from the busy work. 专项练习 题型六:句型转换(宾语从句) 将下列两个句子合并为含that引导的宾语从句的句子 1. Lingling says. She learns to make dumplings. ____________________________________________________ 2. The teacher told us. There will be a test tomorrow. ____________________________________________________ 3. I know. Confucius is a great thinker. _____________________________________________________ 4. He said. He visited the Forbidden City last year. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Lingling says (that) she learns to make dumplings. The teacher told us (that) there would be a test tomorrow. I know (that) Confucius is a great thinker. He said (that) he visited the Forbidden City last year. 专项练习 题型七:完成句子(词类转换) 根据汉语提示,用词类转换完成句子 1. 农民们用水车给庄稼浇水。 Farmers use waterwheels to ___________ their crops. 2. 人们通过大运河运输货物。 People ______________ goods through the Grand Canal. 3. 我们春节前打扫房屋。 We ___________ our houses before the Spring Festival. 4. 善意的话能温暖人们的心。 Kind words can ___________ people’s hearts. water ship/shipped clean warm 专项练习 题型七:完成句子(宾语从句) 根据汉语提示,用that引导的宾语从句完成句子 1. 我知道剪纸是中国的传统艺术。 I know ___________ paper-cut is a traditional Chinese art. 2. 老师告诉我们下周会有一场旗袍表演。 The teacher told us ___________ there would be a qipao show next week. 3. 她说她明天会穿旗袍参加聚会。 She says ___________ she will wear qipao to the party tomorrow. 4. 我们相信我们能保护好传统文化。 We believe ___________ we can protect traditional culture well. that that that that 专项练习 题型八:改错(词类转换+宾语从句) 找出下列句子中的错误并改正(每句仅1处错误) 1. He watered the flowers every day. 错误:___________ 改正:___________ 2. I know that is he a good student. 错误:___________ 改正:___________ 3. She says that she will went to the museum. 错误:___________ 改正:___________ 4. They clean the room yesterday. 错误:___________ 改正:___________ watered waters is he he is went go clean cleaned 语法核心总结(一)—— 词类转换 核心要点梳理(必记): 1. 核心类型:名词→动词、形容词→动词,无词缀变化 2. 含义逻辑:名词转动词表“相关动作”,形容词转动词表“使具备该特征” 3. 词性判断:看单词在句中的功能(主语/宾语→名;谓语→动) 4. 时态变化:转成动词后,需随主语、时态变(三单、过去式等) 5. 易错点:避免混淆词性,牢记“语境决定词性” 语法核心总结(二)—— that引导的宾语从句 核心要点梳理(必记): 1. 结构:主句 + (that) + 宾语从句(陈述句语序) 2. that用法:无含义,可省略(口语),书面语建议保留 3. 时态一致:主句现,从句任意;主句过,从句过(客观真理例外) 4. 易错点:从句必须用陈述句语序,不可用疑问句语序 5. 常见主句动词:say, know, think, tell, believe等 单元语法易错点汇总 词类转换易错点: 1. 混淆词性:误将动词当名词/形容词使用(如:误写We water clean.) 2. 时态遗漏:转成动词后,未变三单、过去式(如:He water the crops.) 宾语从句易错点: 1. 语序错误:从句用疑问句语序(如:I know that is he happy.) 2. 时态不一致:主句过去时,从句用现在时(客观真理除外) 3. 遗漏that:书面语中遗漏that,导致句子不完整 教学课件 Unit 11语法专项——词类转换 + that引导的宾语从句(Ⅰ) Thank you for listening! 30 $

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