热点01 航空航天（热点专练）（四川专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

热点01 航空航天 热点速递 限时实战 第一部分 热点事件速递 聚焦时事热点，明晰背景脉络 时讯01 2025年11月25日，神舟二十二号应急发射任务的成功，展现中国载人航天快速响应能力与技术实力。 时讯02 2025年11月14日，神舟二十号航天员因舷窗裂纹改乘神舟二十一号平安返回东风着陆场。只延迟了9天，彰显我国载人航天工程系统的可靠与实力。 时讯03 2025年11月14日，神舟二十号乘组搭乘神舟二十一号返回舱成功着陆，此次任务采用快速返回模式，航天员健康状况良好。 第二部分 热点限时训练 活用热点素材，精练解题能力 热●点●事●件●速●递 时讯01 2025年11月25日，神舟二十二号应急发射任务的成功，展现中国载人航天快速响应能力与技术实力。 时讯02 2025年11月14日，神舟二十号航天员因舷窗裂纹改乘神舟二十一号平安返回东风着陆场。只延迟了9天，彰显我国载人航天工程系统的可靠与实力。 时讯03 2025年11月14日，神舟二十号乘组搭乘神舟二十一号返回舱成功着陆，此次任务采用快速返回模式，航天员健康状况良好。 热●点●限●时●训●练 （45分钟限时练） 一、阅读理解 （一） At 12:11 on November 25th (Beijing Time), Shenzhou-22 was sent up successfully from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The carrier rocket used for this mission was Long March 2FY22, which has a good safety record. Many scientists and workers watched excitedly as the rocket rose into the sky. About 10 minutes later, the spacecraft smoothly separated from the rocket and entered its planned orbit. A big cheer rose at the control center—this meant the launch mission was a total success. This was China’s first unmanned emergency （应急的）launch in its manned space program. It was quickly planned because Shenzhou-20’s return capsule window got a crack after being hit by small space rubbish. To solve this problem, Shenzhou-22 carried over 600 kilograms of emergency supplies, like nutritious food, daily use items such as toothbrushes, and important parts for fixing the space station. It would quickly connect with the space station group all by itself without extra control. The launch fully showed the strength of China’s “launch one, prepare one” backup system for manned spaceflights. What’s more, it only took about 20 days from making the decision to the final launch. Such a short time showed China’s high efficiency in space missions. After connecting with the space station, Shenzhou-22 will serve as the return ship for the Shenzhou-21 crew and stay in orbit for six months to make sure they can go back to Earth safely. This successful mission not only effectively protected the in-orbit（在轨的） astronauts but also strongly proved China’s great progress in space technology. It makes every Chinese person feel proud and confident. Our country’s space cause is getting better and better with each new achievement. 1.What made the emergency launch of Shenzhou-22 necessary? A. The Shenzhou-21 crew needed more daily supplies B. Shenzhou-20’s return capsule window had a crack C. The space station’s docking system broke down D. The Long March 2FY22 rocket was ready ahead of time 2.From the passage we know Shenzhou-22 will come back in ________ A. After Shenzhou-21 will be repaired well. B. After making sure it can return back the Earth safely. C. After circling the Earth for 20 days. D. After Shenzhou-23 will be prepared to launch. 3. Which of the following statements is right? A. Long March 2FY22 rocket is the first rocket used for emergency launches B. The Shenzhou-22 will stay in orbit for one year. C. The Shenzhou-21 crew will return to Earth using Shenzhou-22 D. The Shenzhou-21 crew helped control Shenzhou-22’s docking(对接). 4. What can we know from the passage? A. Shenzhou-22 is a manned spacecraft B. Shenzhou-22 will stay in orbit for 20 days C. The space debris hit Shenzhou-21’s return capsule D. China’s “launch one, prepare one” mechanism works well 5. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To introduce the successful launch of Shenzhou-22 B. To explain how a carrier rocket works C. To compare Shenzhou-20 and Shenzhou-22 D. To describe the life of astronauts in space （二） On the afternoon of November 14, Beijing Time, the Shenzhou-20 taikonaut （中国航天员）crew — Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie — successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site by taking the Shenzhou-21 spaceship. This marked a safe end to their 204-day space mission. Their return was first planned for November 5, but it was put off for nine days. The reason was a small crack in Shenzhou-20’s porthole（舷窗）, which was caused by space debris （碎片）hitting it. This never-seen-before emergency started China’s well-prepared “one main and one backup” space rescue plan. Instead of taking the risk of coming back in the damaged spaceship, the crew moved to Shenzhou-21. This is the first time in China’s manned space history that another working spaceship has carried a different group of taikonauts back to Earth. While waiting for the new return time, the three taikonauts kept doing scientific experiments with the Shenzhou-21 crew. They added useful data to their research. During their record-breaking stay in space, the Shenzhou-20 team finished four spacewalks, seven cargo transfer tasks, and a set of advanced experiments in space life sciences and materials science. Their achievements, including heating tungsten alloy （钨合金）to 3100°C, provided very important data for related fields. The smooth emergency return fully showed how reliable China’s manned space engineering system is. From the quick start of the emergency plan to the accurate teamwork of the ground team and the spacecraft’s smart response to faults, every part proved that China’s space abilities are getting better. After landing, the taikonauts were checked and found to be in good health. This mission proved that China’s space program has passed the test successfully and given a great answer to the nation’s hopes. 1. Why was the Shenzhou-20 crew’s return put off? A. The landing site had bad weather B. The crew needed to finish more experiments C. The Shenzhou-21 spaceship was not ready D. A small crack was on Shenzhou-20’s porthole 2.Why did the Shenzhou-20 crew choose to return by Shenzhou-21? A. Shenzhou-21 was more comfortable than Shenzhou-20 B. Shenzhou-20 had a problem and was not safe for return C. Shenzhou-21 could carry more taikonauts D. The ground team asked them to try a new spaceship 3. What can we infer from the “one main and one backup” space rescue plan ? A . China has a perfect space emergency system. B . Shenzhou -21 was originally a backup spacecraft. C . The crew had predicted the porthole crack in advance. D . Such a plan is used frequently in space missions. 4. What does the successful emergency return tell us? A. Space debris can never hit spacecraft B. The “one main and one backup” plan won’t be needed in the future C. China’s taikonauts are the most experienced in the world D. China’s manned space engineering system is reliable 5.What is the main topic of this passage? A. The scientific experiments done by Shenzhou-20 crew in space B. The “one main and one backup” space rescue plan in China C. The reasons for the delay of Shenzhou-20 crew’s return D. The safe emergency return of Shenzhou-20 taikonauts and its meaning. （3） On November 14, 2025, the Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft return capsule, carrying the Shenzhou-20 astronaut crew, landed successfully at the Dongfeng Landing Site. This mission marked a first for China’s space program, as it was the initial time Chinese astronauts returned to Earth by “exchanging” spacecraft—the Shenzhou-20 crew came back aboard the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft after completing an in-orbit rotation with the Shenzhou-21 crew at China’s space station. The return process utilized a 3-circle quick return mode. The return burn started at 15:51. At 16:40, the capsule touched down smoothly in the predetermined area. The crew, consisting of commander Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie, had been in orbit for 204 days. Upon landing, support teams quickly reached the site. The astronauts reported their landing and physical condition to the command center and underwent preliminary medical checks. All three crew members were confirmed to be in good health. Commander Chen Dong expressed his gratitude to everyone who ensured their safe return. 1．How did the Shenzhou-20 astronaut crew return to Earth on November 14, 2025? A．They returned using the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft. B．They came back aboard the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft. C．They landed with the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft. D．They returned on a new type of spacecraft. 2．According to the passage, how long had the Shenzhou-20 crew stayed in space? A．About 176 days. B．About 6 months. C．Exactly 204 days. D．Nearly 3.5 hours. 3．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．The challenges of the quick return mode. B．The successful landing and the crew’s good condition. C．The introduction of the crew members. D．The future plans for China’s space station. 4．The word “preliminary” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________. A．final and complete B．initial and not final C．very serious and detailed D．long and boring （四） China carried out a successful zero-altitude escape (零高度逃逸) flight test of its new Mengzhou manned spaceship on Tuesday in Northwest China. It’s the first test of this kind in 27 years. At 12:30 p.m., the order to start the engines was given, and the escape engine of the Mengzhou spaceship worked well. The spaceship and its escape tower took off with the help of solid-fuel (固体燃料) engines. About 20 seconds later, they reached the planned height. Then the return capsule separated from the escape tower. The parachute (降落伞) opened easily. At 12:32 p.m., the capsule landed safely in the test area with the help of an airbag system, an officer said. China’s last test like this was in 1998 for the Shenzhou manned spaceship. The Mengzhou spaceship is a new type of manned spaceship made by China for future space tasks. Different from the Shenzhou system, where the rocket was for escape and the spaceship was for rescue, the Mengzhou can do both jobs on its own, the officer said. The test on Tuesday checked how well the escape and rescue parts of the spaceship worked. It also made sure the escape steps and separation methods were right. And it got real-flight information about the escape paths through control systems. Being able to escape and be rescued is very important for the safety of astronauts in space. It can help them get away from danger and come back to Earth if there is a problem during the take-off. The officer said the Mengzhou can carry up to seven astronauts and meets high international standards. In the future, the spaceship will be used for China’s space station and Moon-exploration tasks. The successful test is an “important technical base” for the next steps of the Moon-exploration plan, the officer said. The work on other important parts of the Moon task, like the Long March 10 carrier rocket and a Moon lander, is going on smoothly. More tests will be done as planned. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an exciting fact. D．By sharing a personal experience. 2．What does the underlined word “engines” mean? A．Safety tools. B．Flying wings. C．Landing bags. D．Power machines. 3．How many times has China carried out such tests in total? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Three times. D．Four times. 4．If the passage continues, what may the writer talk about? A．The food astronauts eat in space. B．The ways to make airbags for cars. C．The history of the Shenzhou spaceship. D．The results of the next tests for the Moon task. 5．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Astronauts’ Life in Space B．How to Build a Space Station C．The History of Chinese Rockets D．A Successful Test for China’s New Spaceship （五） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容回答问题 On the afternoon of November 14, 2025, the Shenzhou-20 taikonaut (中国航天员) crew—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site. This marked a safe end to their 204-day space mission (使命). Their return was first planned for November 5, but it was put off for nine days. The reason was that a small crack was on Shenzhou-20’s porthole (舷窗). This never-seen-before emergency (突发事件) started China’s well-prepared “one main and one backup” space rescue plan. Instead of taking the risk of coming back in the damaged spaceship, the crew moved to Shenzhou-21. This is the first time in China’s manned space history that another working spaceship has carried a different group of taikonauts back to Earth. While waiting for the new return time, the three taikonauts kept doing scientific experiments with the Shenzhou-21 crew. They added useful data to their research. During their record-breaking stay in space, the Shenzhou-20 team finished four spacewalks, seven cargo transfer (货物转运) tasks, and a set of advanced experiments in space life sciences and materials science. Their achievements, including heating tungsten alloy (钨合金) to 3100°C, provided very important data for related fields. After landing by taking the Shenzhou-21 spaceship, the taikonauts were checked and found to be in good health. From the quick start of the emergency plan to the accurate teamwork of the ground team and the spacecraft’s smart response to faults, every part proved that China’s space abilities are getting better. This mission proved that China’s space program has passed the test successfully and given a great answer to the nation’s hopes. The smooth emergency return fully showed that China’s manned space engineering system is reliable (可信赖的). 1．When did the Shenzhou-20 taikonaut crew successfully land? A．November 20, 2025. B．November 25, 2025. C．November 5, 2025. D．November 14, 2025. 2．Why was the Shenzhou-20 crew’s return put off? A．Because a small crack was on Shenzhou-20’s porthole. B．Because of bad weather. C．Because the crew needed to finish more experiments. D．Because Shenzhou-21’s return capsule was damaged. 3．What can we infer from the “one main and one backup” space rescue plan? A．China has a perfect space emergency system. B．Shenzhou-21 was originally a backup spacecraft. C．The crew had predicted the port hole crack in advance. D．Such a plan is frequently used in space missions. 4．Which spaceship took the Shenzhou-20 taikonaut crew back? A．The Shenzhou-19 spaceship. B．The Shenzhou-20 spaceship. C．The Shenzhou-21 spaceship. D．The Shenzhou-22 spaceship. 5．What did the successful emergency return tell us? A．China’s space abilities are getting worse. B．China’s manned space engineering system is reliable. C．China’s space program has not passed the test successfully. D．China has made great progress in space technology. （六） On April 24, 2025, at 5:17 p. m., China launched (发射) the Shenzhou-20 spaceship from Jiuquan. Three astronauts—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie—went into space. Chen Dong is very experienced. He flew on Shenzhou-11 in 2016 and Shenzhou-14 in 2022. Now, he will be the first astronaut in China’s second group to go to space three times! The other two astronauts are new to space. One is a pilot, and the other is an engineer. Six and a half hours after launch, Shenzhou-20 joined with the Tianhe Core Module in space. This made a “three-ships, three-modules” group. It shows China’s space technology is very advanced. The spaceship used new technologies, like smart docking (智能对接) and life support systems, to help the space station work better. The astronauts will stay in space for 6 months. First, they will take over from the Shenzhou-19 team, who worked in space for 176 days. The two groups will meet for 4 days before Shenzhou-19 goes home. The Shenzhou-20 crew will do 59 science experiments. For example, they will study tiny worms called planarians in space to see how they grow without gravity. This might help people heal better on Earth! They will also fix parts of the space station and welcome new supply ships, like Tianzhou-9 and Shenzhou-21. They plan to come back to Earth in late October. Shenzhou-20’s launch is a big step for China’s space program. It shows China can do hard things in space and work with the world. 1．How many times has Chen Dong been to space before Shenzhou-20? A．Once B．Twice C．Three times D．Never 2．Why will the astronauts study planarians? A．To see how they grow in space B．To send them to other planets C．To make food in space D．To clean the space station 3．Which of these is a new technology on Shenzhou-20? A．Old satellite systems B．Smart docking C．Paper books for astronauts D．Regular cameras 4．When will the Shenzhou-20 crew return to Earth? A．April 24,2025 B．Late October 2025 C．176 days after launch D．4 days after docking 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to launch China’s Shenzhou-20 B．The lives of three astronauts C．China’s Shenzhou-20 space mission D．Why space is important （七） Recently, China’s Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (宇宙飞船) had to put off its return to Earth because a tiny piece of space debris (碎片) hit its window and caused a crack. This reminds us that space is full of unexpected challenges. In fact, even the most basic daily tasks for astronauts can be surprisingly difficult—like using the toilet! The Astronaut Who Had to Pee (小便) in His Suit One famous example happened in 1961, when Alan Shepard became the first American astronaut to travel into space. He sat inside his small spacecraft, ready to take off. But some problems kept him waiting for hours. He could not get out, and there was no toilet in his spacesuit. Finally, Shepard told the control center that he really needed to pee. After talking about it, the team on the ground decided that Shepard should turn off the medical sensors (传感器) and pee in his suit. It worked, but he felt very embarrassed (尴尬的). Today’s astronauts do not have this problem. They wear special absorbent diapers (纸尿裤) inside their suits, which keep them safe and comfortable during long space travel jobs. Where Does Astronaut Poop (粪便) Go? Now let’s talk about something else you may wonder about poop. Astronauts on space stations cannot throw their poop outside. In the freezing cold of space, poop would quickly turn into a frozen “poop ice rock”. If one of those hit a spacecraft, it could be dangerous. So instead, all waste is packed into bags and put onto another spacecraft. These spacecraft bring food, water, and other necessary things to the astronauts. When the spacecraft finish their work, they head back toward Earth, carrying the waste. But they do not land. They burn up in the air and turn into bright lines of fire-like shooting stars (流星)! So yes, there is a small chance that a shooting star you see might be a spacecraft burning trash, including astronaut poop. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By telling a funny story about an astronaut. B．By explaining how to become an astronaut. C．By sharing recent news about a space problem. D．By listing all the things astronauts do in space. 2．What happened to Alan Shepard before his flight in 1961? A．He forgot to go to the toilet. B．He tested a new absorbent diaper. C．His medical sensors stopped working. D．He had to wait for hours and peed in his suit. 3．According to the passage, how is astronauts’ poop finally dealt with? A．It is taken back to Earth for scientific study. B．It is changed into water on the space station. C．It is thrown outside and remains in space forever. D．It is burned up like a shooting star and disappears in the sky. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Toilet Challenge in Space B．A Late Return to Earth C．Astronauts’ Exciting Space Life D．The First Astronaut’s Flight 二、阅读还原 （一） 阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的六个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 On the morning of April 30, 2025, the Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft (载人飞船) successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site. The three astronauts, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze, were in good health. 1 The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was launched on October 30, 2024, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. During their six-month space mission (任务), the astronauts carried out many important tasks. 2 They also walked in space to set up new equipment outside the space station, which helped to improve the space station’s functions. 3 They made sure that all the data from their experiments was saved and sent back to the Earth. They also tidied up the space station and handed over their work to the Shenzhou-20 crew (机组人员). The return journey was full of challenges. When the spacecraft entered the Earth’s atmosphere, it had to face high temperatures caused by friction (摩擦力). The surface of the spacecraft became very hot, like a fireball in the sky. 4 Finally, with the help of parachutes (降落伞), it landed smoothly on the ground. The successful return of Shenzhou-19 is a big step for China’s space program. It shows that China is getting better at space exploration and technology. 5 . A．Before leaving, they video-called their families to share their joy. B．For example, they did science experiments to study how things work in space. C．Their safe return made the whole country excited. D．Before the return, the astronauts carefully prepared for the journey back. E．But with China’s advanced (先进的) technology, the spacecraft safely passed through this dangerous part. F．It also makes us look forward to more exciting space missions in the future. （二） 根据短文内容，从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。 On February 12,2025, China’s government told the world the official names of the spacesuit and lunar rover for China’s manned lunar exploration mission (探月任务). 1 The name “Wangyu” means watching the universe and exploring the unknown. It shows the Chinese astronauts’ mission to look into space and start new journeys on the moon. This name is connected to the “Feitian’ spacesuit used for space station missions. 2 The name also shows China’s peaceful use of space and its efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity.” The lunar rover is named “Tansuo,” which means “exploration.” 3 The rover can be folded and is made of different parts. It can carry two astronauts and move quickly over rough ground. It can also help with navigation, safety, communication, and carrying things. It will help astronauts do scientific research and tests on the moon. 4 They are full of Chinese culture and modern spirit. From “Chang’e” and “Yutu” to “Tianwen” and “Zhurong,” and now “Wangyu” and “Tansuo,” the names of China’s spacecraft always connect traditional culture with modern technology. Right now, the spacesuit and the lunar rover are in the early stages of development. 5 The mission will test key technologies like staying on the moon for a short time and working together with robots. The astronauts will do many tasks like landing, researching, and bringing things back to Earth. A．The names are “Wangyu” and “Tansuo”. B．China plans to send people to the moon before 2030. C．It shows the job to help Chinese solve the mysteries of the moon. D．They show China’s spirit of exploration and the ability of creating. E．The names were chosen from more than 9,000 entries in a public competition. F．It shows China’s plan to move from working in space to landing on the moon. 三、完形填空 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Fish babies in space? In a space study on zebrafish (斑马鱼) , Chinese scientists have set a new record (记录) . They 1 got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world. The zebrafish went to 2 space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship (神舟十八号飞船) on April 25 2024. Since then, they 3 in a closed fish tank (鱼缸) with some plants. The fish 4 and had babies in 43 days. In 5 special closed environment, the plants made air for the fish and the fish’s waste gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food 6 a special needle (针) . 7 a closed-loop ecosystem (封闭生态系统) is important for future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more 8 and easily . The scientists also found that the zebrafish acted more differently 9 on the earth. For example, they often swam on their back. The low gravity (引力) in space is the biggest 10 . On the earth, gravity pulls everything to Earth’s center, and animals can find their way easily. Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become stronger. Humans and zebrafish share 70 percent of the same genes (基因) . So the new finding will help scientists better understand human health. 1．A．hardly B．successfully C．actively 2．A．China’s B．China C．American 3．A．has lived B．lived C．have lived 4．A．grew up B．raised up C．picked up 5．A．they B．them C．their 6．A．to B．through C．for 7．A．Such B．So C．About 8．A．quietly B．hardly C．simply 9．A．as B．than C．between 10．A．condition B．reason C．way 四、阅读填空 （一） Time capsules (胶囊) are small collections of goods or information that are stored somewhere safe. They can be opened by people many years later, giving future people an idea of life in the past. They may include newspaper articles, popular music recordings and photos. Historians can use time capsules to learn more about societies that lived in the past. There are some famous time capsules in history. The first example is the Detroit Century Box. It is one of the earliest time capsules. On Dec 31, 1900, the city Detroit chose several photos and letters to be kept in a box. The box was locked then and opened one hundred years later. The things in the capsule give us a look at Detroit in the past. There were photos of people and places, as well as letters written by local people. Some of them even gave predictions (预测) for the future. One person thought that Detroit would have a population of 4 million by 2000. It turned out that the city’s population was about 951, 000 that year, according to historydetroit.com. Humans have even sent time capsules into space! The US sent two time capsules into space on the Voyager (旅行者号) spacecraft in 1977. They’re called the Voyager Golden Records. They have sounds and pictures that show different kinds of human life and culture. For example, they have music by the classical composer Beethoven and pictures of plants, insects and landscapes. The Voyager spacecraft has traveled far away from our solar system. It is hoped that aliens might find the time capsules someday and learn about us. Time capsules Introductions Time capsules are small collections of goods or information that are stored in safe 1 . Future people can open time capsules many years later, 2 about life in the past. 3 The Detroit Century Box On Dec 31, 1900, several photos and letters were 4 to be kept in it. It was locked then and opened one 5 later. One person predicted that the population of Detroit would 6 4 million by 2000. But in 7 , Detroit only had a population of 951,000 that year. The Voyager Golden Records They included 8 time capsules in all. They were sent into space on the Voyager spacecraft in 1977. 9 sounds and pictures, they show different kinds of human life and culture. They have traveled far away from the solar system. We 10 that aliens can find them and learn about us. （二） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成表格中所缺的信息，并将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置，每空一词。 Do you know Wang Haoze? She is one of the astronauts of China’s Shenzhou-19 spacecraft (飞船) and she is also the first woman engineer astronaut (工程师航天员) in China. She entered space aboard in Shenzhou-19 spacecraft on October 30,2024. She is working at the Chinese space station now. Wang Haoze was born in Hebei Province in 1990. Her father is a policeman and her mother is a teacher. They are very strict with her. She is good at running. In fact, she started running with her mother when she was very young. “She started to run with me in 1996.” her mother said. She won the gold medals lots of times when she studied in her university in Jiangsu Province. As a student, Wang Haoze studied hard. She loved reading and she was good at physics. She also liked to help her classmates. In 2008, Wang Haoze began to study Energy and Power Engineering (能源动力工程) in a university. During these years, she always read books in the library on school nights. “She didn’t come back until it was very late.” her friends said. In 2020, Wang Haoze became a senior engineer (高级工程师). In January, 2021, she joined the army (部队). In 2023, she became one of the astronauts of China’s Shenzhou-19 spacecraft with Cai Jiazhe and Song Lingdong. “Wang Haoze was able to write different words on the blackboard with both hands at the same time. I haven’t seen anyone else who has this ability in the past 20 years.” her classmate Yang Yingnan said. “I love food too.” Wang Haoze says “Eating food is one of ways to relax myself. Candies are my favorite”. “You must work on everything with a serious attitude (态度).” she advised the young finally. She will come back to the earth before May next year. Wang Haoze: The 1 Woman Engineer Astronaut in China. Study Experience She started running with her mother when she was 2 years old. In 2008, Wang Haoze entered a university to study Energy and Power Engineering. In 2020, Wang Haoze became a senior engineer. In January, 2021, she joined the army. In 2023, she became one of the astronauts of China’s Shenzhou-19 spacecraft. Special ability Wang Haoze 3 write different words on the blackboard with both hands at the same time when she was in school. Food habits She eats food to relax herself. She likes candies 4 . Her advice “You must take everything 5 ”. 五、语法填空 （一） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文、所给首字母或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。 Imagine you are on a space trip. But along the way, your spacecraft (飞船) has some 1 (problem). Now, you have to stay at the space station, 2 (wait) for someone to come and bring you back home. This is not the 3 (begin) of a science fiction movie. This is what two US astronauts are facing right now. Astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams have been stuck (被困住) in space since June. They won’t be back 4 February 2025. During this long stay, they don’t feel 5 (bore). They’ve been busy 6 tasks at the space station. They check the system to keep the station in good shape and analyze data (分析数据) to make sure everything runs 7 (smooth). They also spend their time doing many science studies, such as growing plants in outer space, which 8 (help) us learn how to live and work in space 9 (long). In February 2025, US company SpaceX will send 10 (it) Dragon spacecraft to bring the two astronauts back to Earth. （二） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On April 24th, 2025, when China celebrated the 10th China Space Day, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (航天器) 1 (fly) into space. Have you ever wondered how interesting life is for astronauts up there? Astronauts live very 2 (different) in space. Because there is little gravity (重力), they cannot cook food like we do on Earth. They eat special food that is made before they go into space. There are no real beds in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags that are fixed to the wall. There is no “up” or “down” in space, so they can sleep in any position (位置). 3 (stay) healthy, they use special bikes to exercise every day. Spacewalks are also an important part of an 4 (astronaut) job. When they go outside the space station, they wear space suits with about seven layers. These layers help protect them 5 very hot and very cold temperatures and from other dangers in space. During spacewalks, astronauts can fix broken parts 6 take care of the space station. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in space for about six months. One of their jobs is to study zebrafish (斑马鱼). These small fish are like humans in some ways, so they help scientists learn how low gravity changes living things. Astronauts also study microbes (微生物). These studies may help us make 7 (good) medicine. All of these help China get ready to send people to 8 Moon before 2030. These interesting jobs show how hard Chinese astronauts work. 9 (they) job is not easy, but it is very important. They also make young people like us want to dream big. Maybe one day, you could be an astronaut, flying in space and 10 (help) write the next part of human space history. （三） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (酒泉卫星发射中心) became very bright on April 24, 2025. The Long March-2F rocket (长征二号F运载火箭) took the Shenzhou-20 manned spacecraft into the sky. It 1 (fly) fast towards the big universe. This day is very special. It’s the 10th “China Space Day” and also the 55th birthday of the “Dongfanghong-1” satellite’s launch. Fifty-five years ago, on April 24, 1970, China sent 2 (it) first man-made satellite, “Dongfanghong-1”, into space. At that time, things were hard. 3 Chinese scientists didn’t give up. They worked very hard and solved many problems. They wanted people to see the satellite, so a big “skirt” 4 (put) on the rocket. The “Dongfanghong-1” played the song Dongfanghong in space. It started China’s space journey. Now, 55 years later, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft flies again. There are three astronauts in this mission (使命). Chen Dong is the 5 (lead). He has been into space twice. Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie are new astronauts. This is their 6 (one) space trip. From “Dongfanghong-1” 7 “Shenzhou-20”, China’s space science has developed a lot. In the past, we just sent satellites into space. Now, we build space stations and do science experiments there. The Shenzhou-20 has new technology. It can meet and join with the space station quickly. The batteries in it are improved. It makes the spacecraft lighter and work 8 (well). But one thing never changes. That is 9 special spirit of Chinese space scientists. They love their country and work hard. In the past, they made great things happen with few tools. Today young scientists keep 10 (work) hard, too. China’s space science will go further and make more great achievements. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点01 航空航天 热点速递 限时实战 第一部分 热点事件速递 聚焦时事热点，明晰背景脉络 时讯01 2025年11月25日，神舟二十二号应急发射任务的成功，展现中国载人航天快速响应能力与技术实力。 时讯02 2025年11月14日，神舟二十号航天员因舷窗裂纹改乘神舟二十一号平安返回东风着陆场。只延迟了9天，彰显我国载人航天工程系统的可靠与实力。 时讯03 2025年11月14日，神舟二十号乘组搭乘神舟二十一号返回舱成功着陆，此次任务采用快速返回模式，航天员健康状况良好。 第二部分 热点限时训练 活用热点素材，精练解题能力 热●点●事●件●速●递 时讯01 2025年11月25日，神舟二十二号应急发射任务的成功，展现中国载人航天快速响应能力与技术实力。 时讯02 2025年11月14日，神舟二十号航天员因舷窗裂纹改乘神舟二十一号平安返回东风着陆场。只延迟了9天，彰显我国载人航天工程系统的可靠与实力。 时讯03 2025年11月14日，神舟二十号乘组搭乘神舟二十一号返回舱成功着陆，此次任务采用快速返回模式，航天员健康状况良好。 热●点●限●时●训●练 （45分钟限时练） 一、阅读理解 （一） At 12:11 on November 25th (Beijing Time), Shenzhou-22 was sent up successfully from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The carrier rocket used for this mission was Long March 2FY22, which has a good safety record. Many scientists and workers watched excitedly as the rocket rose into the sky. About 10 minutes later, the spacecraft smoothly separated from the rocket and entered its planned orbit. A big cheer rose at the control center—this meant the launch mission was a total success. This was China’s first unmanned emergency （应急的）launch in its manned space program. It was quickly planned because Shenzhou-20’s return capsule window got a crack after being hit by small space rubbish. To solve this problem, Shenzhou-22 carried over 600 kilograms of emergency supplies, like nutritious food, daily use items such as toothbrushes, and important parts for fixing the space station. It would quickly connect with the space station group all by itself without extra control. The launch fully showed the strength of China’s “launch one, prepare one” backup system for manned spaceflights. What’s more, it only took about 20 days from making the decision to the final launch. Such a short time showed China’s high efficiency in space missions. After connecting with the space station, Shenzhou-22 will serve as the return ship for the Shenzhou-21 crew and stay in orbit for six months to make sure they can go back to Earth safely. This successful mission not only effectively protected the in-orbit（在轨的） astronauts but also strongly proved China’s great progress in space technology. It makes every Chinese person feel proud and confident. Our country’s space cause is getting better and better with each new achievement. 1.What made the emergency launch of Shenzhou-22 necessary? A. The Shenzhou-21 crew needed more daily supplies B. Shenzhou-20’s return capsule window had a crack C. The space station’s docking system broke down D. The Long March 2FY22 rocket was ready ahead of time 2.From the passage we know Shenzhou-22 will come back in ________ A. After Shenzhou-21 will be repaired well. B. After making sure it can return back the Earth safely. C. After circling the Earth for 20 days. D. After Shenzhou-23 will be prepared to launch. 3. Which of the following statements is right? A. Long March 2FY22 rocket is the first rocket used for emergency launches B. The Shenzhou-22 will stay in orbit for one year. C. The Shenzhou-21 crew will return to Earth using Shenzhou-22 D. The Shenzhou-21 crew helped control Shenzhou-22’s docking(对接). 4. What can we know from the passage? A. Shenzhou-22 is a manned spacecraft B. Shenzhou-22 will stay in orbit for 20 days C. The space debris hit Shenzhou-21’s return capsule D. China’s “launch one, prepare one” mechanism works well 5. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To introduce the successful launch of Shenzhou-22 B. To explain how a carrier rocket works C. To compare Shenzhou-20 and Shenzhou-22 D. To describe the life of astronauts in space 【答案】BBCDA 【解析】神舟二十号返回舱舷窗受损，我国紧急发射无人神舟二十二号，它将作为神舟二十一号乘组返回舱，彰显我国航天实力。 1. B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知神舟二十号返回舱舷窗被太空垃圾撞出裂缝，这一问题促使神舟二十二号紧急发射，故选B。 2. B 细节理解题。根据第三段“stay in orbit for six months to make sure they can go back to Earth safely”，可知其返回需确保能安全送乘组返回地球，故选B。 3. C 细节理解题。根据第三段“serve as the return ship for the Shenzhou-21 crew”，可知神舟二十一号乘组将乘其返回，故选C。 4. D 细节理解题。根据第三段“fully showed the strength of China’s ‘launch one, prepare one’ backup system”，可推断该机制运行良好，故选D。 5. A 主旨大意题。文章围绕神舟二十二号的发射原因、任务及意义展开，核心是介绍其成功发射。故选A。 （二） On the afternoon of November 14, Beijing Time, the Shenzhou-20 taikonaut （中国航天员）crew — Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie — successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site by taking the Shenzhou-21 spaceship. This marked a safe end to their 204-day space mission. Their return was first planned for November 5, but it was put off for nine days. The reason was a small crack in Shenzhou-20’s porthole（舷窗）, which was caused by space debris （碎片）hitting it. This never-seen-before emergency started China’s well-prepared “one main and one backup” space rescue plan. Instead of taking the risk of coming back in the damaged spaceship, the crew moved to Shenzhou-21. This is the first time in China’s manned space history that another working spaceship has carried a different group of taikonauts back to Earth. While waiting for the new return time, the three taikonauts kept doing scientific experiments with the Shenzhou-21 crew. They added useful data to their research. During their record-breaking stay in space, the Shenzhou-20 team finished four spacewalks, seven cargo transfer tasks, and a set of advanced experiments in space life sciences and materials science. Their achievements, including heating tungsten alloy （钨合金）to 3100°C, provided very important data for related fields. The smooth emergency return fully showed how reliable China’s manned space engineering system is. From the quick start of the emergency plan to the accurate teamwork of the ground team and the spacecraft’s smart response to faults, every part proved that China’s space abilities are getting better. After landing, the taikonauts were checked and found to be in good health. This mission proved that China’s space program has passed the test successfully and given a great answer to the nation’s hopes. 1. Why was the Shenzhou-20 crew’s return put off? A. The landing site had bad weather B. The crew needed to finish more experiments C. The Shenzhou-21 spaceship was not ready D. A small crack was on Shenzhou-20’s porthole 2.Why did the Shenzhou-20 crew choose to return by Shenzhou-21? A. Shenzhou-21 was more comfortable than Shenzhou-20 B. Shenzhou-20 had a problem and was not safe for return C. Shenzhou-21 could carry more taikonauts D. The ground team asked them to try a new spaceship 3. What can we infer from the “one main and one backup” space rescue plan ? A . China has a perfect space emergency system. B . Shenzhou -21 was originally a backup spacecraft. C . The crew had predicted the porthole crack in advance. D . Such a plan is used frequently in space missions. 4. What does the successful emergency return tell us? A. Space debris can never hit spacecraft B. The “one main and one backup” plan won’t be needed in the future C. China’s taikonauts are the most experienced in the world D. China’s manned space engineering system is reliable 5.What is the main topic of this passage? A. The scientific experiments done by Shenzhou-20 crew in space B. The “one main and one backup” space rescue plan in China C. The reasons for the delay of Shenzhou-20 crew’s return D. The safe emergency return of Shenzhou-20 taikonauts and its meaning. 【答案】DBADD 【解析】神舟二十号航天员因飞船舷窗受损推迟返回，乘神舟二十一号紧急安全着陆，彰显我国载人航天工程系统可靠与航天实力提升。 1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段明确提到 “返回推迟的原因是神舟二十号舷窗被太空碎片撞击出现小裂缝”，直接对应选项 D。故选 D。 2.B 推理判断题。根据第一段可知神舟二十号舷窗有裂缝，第二段提到 “为避免乘坐受损飞船返回的风险，航天员转移到神舟二十一号”，可推断神舟二十号存在问题，返回不安全。故选 B。 3.A 深层推理判断题。根据第二段 “这一史无前例的紧急情况启动了我国准备充分的‘一主一备’救援计划”，且计划成功保障航天员安全返回，可深层推断我国拥有完善的太空应急系统。故选 A。 4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “此次顺利的紧急返回充分体现了我国载人航天工程系统的可靠性”，直接呼应选项 D 的表述。故选 D。 5.D 主旨大意题。文章围绕神舟二十号航天员紧急安全返回展开，介绍了返回推迟原因、救援过程、任务成就及事件意义，D 选项全面概括核心内容。故选 D。 （3） On November 14, 2025, the Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft return capsule, carrying the Shenzhou-20 astronaut crew, landed successfully at the Dongfeng Landing Site. This mission marked a first for China’s space program, as it was the initial time Chinese astronauts returned to Earth by “exchanging” spacecraft—the Shenzhou-20 crew came back aboard the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft after completing an in-orbit rotation with the Shenzhou-21 crew at China’s space station. The return process utilized a 3-circle quick return mode. The return burn started at 15:51. At 16:40, the capsule touched down smoothly in the predetermined area. The crew, consisting of commander Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie, had been in orbit for 204 days. Upon landing, support teams quickly reached the site. The astronauts reported their landing and physical condition to the command center and underwent preliminary medical checks. All three crew members were confirmed to be in good health. Commander Chen Dong expressed his gratitude to everyone who ensured their safe return. 1．How did the Shenzhou-20 astronaut crew return to Earth on November 14, 2025? A．They returned using the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft. B．They came back aboard the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft. C．They landed with the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft. D．They returned on a new type of spacecraft. 2．According to the passage, how long had the Shenzhou-20 crew stayed in space? A．About 176 days. B．About 6 months. C．Exactly 204 days. D．Nearly 3.5 hours. 3．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．The challenges of the quick return mode. B．The successful landing and the crew’s good condition. C．The introduction of the crew members. D．The future plans for China’s space station. 4．The word “preliminary” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________. A．final and complete B．initial and not final C．very serious and detailed D．long and boring 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文讲述2025年11月14日，神舟二十号乘组搭乘神舟二十一号返回舱成功着陆，此次任务采用快速返回模式，航天员健康状况良好。 1．细节理解题。根据“the Shenzhou-20 crew came back aboard the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft after completing an in-orbit rotation with the Shenzhou-21 crew at China’s space station”可知，神舟二十号乘组搭乘神舟二十一号飞船返回地球，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The crew...had been in orbit for 204 days”可知，神舟二十号乘组在轨时长为204天，故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“the capsule touched down smoothly...All three crew members were confirmed to be in good health”可知，该段主要讲述返回舱成功着陆以及航天员身体状况良好，故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据“The astronauts reported their landing and physical condition to the command center and underwent preliminary medical checks.”和航天常识可知，航天员着陆后先进行初步体检，“preliminary”意为“初步的、非最终的”，故选B。 （四） China carried out a successful zero-altitude escape (零高度逃逸) flight test of its new Mengzhou manned spaceship on Tuesday in Northwest China. It’s the first test of this kind in 27 years. At 12:30 p.m., the order to start the engines was given, and the escape engine of the Mengzhou spaceship worked well. The spaceship and its escape tower took off with the help of solid-fuel (固体燃料) engines. About 20 seconds later, they reached the planned height. Then the return capsule separated from the escape tower. The parachute (降落伞) opened easily. At 12:32 p.m., the capsule landed safely in the test area with the help of an airbag system, an officer said. China’s last test like this was in 1998 for the Shenzhou manned spaceship. The Mengzhou spaceship is a new type of manned spaceship made by China for future space tasks. Different from the Shenzhou system, where the rocket was for escape and the spaceship was for rescue, the Mengzhou can do both jobs on its own, the officer said. The test on Tuesday checked how well the escape and rescue parts of the spaceship worked. It also made sure the escape steps and separation methods were right. And it got real-flight information about the escape paths through control systems. Being able to escape and be rescued is very important for the safety of astronauts in space. It can help them get away from danger and come back to Earth if there is a problem during the take-off. The officer said the Mengzhou can carry up to seven astronauts and meets high international standards. In the future, the spaceship will be used for China’s space station and Moon-exploration tasks. The successful test is an “important technical base” for the next steps of the Moon-exploration plan, the officer said. The work on other important parts of the Moon task, like the Long March 10 carrier rocket and a Moon lander, is going on smoothly. More tests will be done as planned. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an exciting fact. D．By sharing a personal experience. 2．What does the underlined word “engines” mean? A．Safety tools. B．Flying wings. C．Landing bags. D．Power machines. 3．How many times has China carried out such tests in total? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Three times. D．Four times. 4．If the passage continues, what may the writer talk about? A．The food astronauts eat in space. B．The ways to make airbags for cars. C．The history of the Shenzhou spaceship. D．The results of the next tests for the Moon task. 5．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Astronauts’ Life in Space B．How to Build a Space Station C．The History of Chinese Rockets D．A Successful Test for China’s New Spaceship 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要聚焦中国新一代载人飞船“梦舟”在西北某地成功完成零高度逃逸飞行试验，这是中国时隔27年再次开展同类试验。报道详细介绍了试验过程、技术突破、试验意义，并提及飞船未来将用于空间站与载人探月任务，以及相关配套项目中国载人航天工程的进展。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段可知，文章开篇直接给出核心事件——梦舟载人飞船零高度逃逸试验成功，且是27年来的首次同类试验，属于“令人振奋的事实”。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“At 12:30 p.m., the order to start the engines was given, and the escape engine of the Mengzhou spaceship worked well.”可知，下午12点30分，启动发动机的指令下达，梦舟飞船的逃逸发动机运行正常，因此此处engines指Power machines。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“China carried out a successful zero-altitude escape flight test of its new Mengzhou manned spaceship on Tuesday in Northwest China. It’s the first test of this kind in 27 years...China’s last test like this was in 1998 for the Shenzhou manned spaceship.”可知，我国于周二在西北地区成功开展梦舟新载人飞船零高度逃逸飞行试验，这是27年来我国首次开展此类试验，即这是继1998年开展神舟载人飞船零高度逃逸飞行试验后，时隔27年我国再度组织实施此项试验，中国上一次此类试验是1998年针对神舟载人飞船开展的，因此一共两次。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“The work on other important parts of the Moon task, like the Long March 10 carrier rocket and a Moon lander, is going on smoothly. More tests will be done as planned.”可知，文章结尾提到长征十号火箭、月球着陆器等月球任务关键部件进展顺利，将按计划开展更多测试，自然延伸应是后续月球任务相关测试结果。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据文章可知，全文围绕梦舟飞船零高度逃逸试验展开，包括过程、意义、技术特点，因此标题为“中国新宇宙飞船的一次成功测试”。故选D。 （五） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容回答问题 On the afternoon of November 14, 2025, the Shenzhou-20 taikonaut (中国航天员) crew—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site. This marked a safe end to their 204-day space mission (使命). Their return was first planned for November 5, but it was put off for nine days. The reason was that a small crack was on Shenzhou-20’s porthole (舷窗). This never-seen-before emergency (突发事件) started China’s well-prepared “one main and one backup” space rescue plan. Instead of taking the risk of coming back in the damaged spaceship, the crew moved to Shenzhou-21. This is the first time in China’s manned space history that another working spaceship has carried a different group of taikonauts back to Earth. While waiting for the new return time, the three taikonauts kept doing scientific experiments with the Shenzhou-21 crew. They added useful data to their research. During their record-breaking stay in space, the Shenzhou-20 team finished four spacewalks, seven cargo transfer (货物转运) tasks, and a set of advanced experiments in space life sciences and materials science. Their achievements, including heating tungsten alloy (钨合金) to 3100°C, provided very important data for related fields. After landing by taking the Shenzhou-21 spaceship, the taikonauts were checked and found to be in good health. From the quick start of the emergency plan to the accurate teamwork of the ground team and the spacecraft’s smart response to faults, every part proved that China’s space abilities are getting better. This mission proved that China’s space program has passed the test successfully and given a great answer to the nation’s hopes. The smooth emergency return fully showed that China’s manned space engineering system is reliable (可信赖的). 1．When did the Shenzhou-20 taikonaut crew successfully land? A．November 20, 2025. B．November 25, 2025. C．November 5, 2025. D．November 14, 2025. 2．Why was the Shenzhou-20 crew’s return put off? A．Because a small crack was on Shenzhou-20’s porthole. B．Because of bad weather. C．Because the crew needed to finish more experiments. D．Because Shenzhou-21’s return capsule was damaged. 3．What can we infer from the “one main and one backup” space rescue plan? A．China has a perfect space emergency system. B．Shenzhou-21 was originally a backup spacecraft. C．The crew had predicted the port hole crack in advance. D．Such a plan is frequently used in space missions. 4．Which spaceship took the Shenzhou-20 taikonaut crew back? A．The Shenzhou-19 spaceship. B．The Shenzhou-20 spaceship. C．The Shenzhou-21 spaceship. D．The Shenzhou-22 spaceship. 5．What did the successful emergency return tell us? A．China’s space abilities are getting worse. B．China’s manned space engineering system is reliable. C．China’s space program has not passed the test successfully. D．China has made great progress in space technology. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了神舟二十号航天员乘组的太空任务及应急返回过程，展现了中国载人航天工程的可靠性与技术进步。 1．细节理解题。根据“On the afternoon of November14, 2025, the Shenzhou-20 taikonaut crew...successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site.”可知，神舟二十号航天员乘组在2025年11月14日成功着陆。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Their return was first…The reason was that a small crack was on Shenzhou-20’s porthole.”可知，返回推迟是因为神舟二十号的舷窗出现了小裂缝。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“‘one main and one backup’space rescue plan”及“the crew moved to Shenzhou-21”可推断，该计划配备主、备两艘飞船，神舟二十一号原本就是备用飞船。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Instead of taking the risk of coming back in the damaged spaceship, the crew moved to Shenzhou-21.”可知，神舟二十号航天员乘组是乘坐神舟二十一号飞船返回的。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“The smooth emergency return fully showed that China’s manned space engineering system is reliable.”可知，这次应急返回的成功说明中国载人航天工程系统是可靠的。故选B。 （六） On April 24, 2025, at 5:17 p. m., China launched (发射) the Shenzhou-20 spaceship from Jiuquan. Three astronauts—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie—went into space. Chen Dong is very experienced. He flew on Shenzhou-11 in 2016 and Shenzhou-14 in 2022. Now, he will be the first astronaut in China’s second group to go to space three times! The other two astronauts are new to space. One is a pilot, and the other is an engineer. Six and a half hours after launch, Shenzhou-20 joined with the Tianhe Core Module in space. This made a “three-ships, three-modules” group. It shows China’s space technology is very advanced. The spaceship used new technologies, like smart docking (智能对接) and life support systems, to help the space station work better. The astronauts will stay in space for 6 months. First, they will take over from the Shenzhou-19 team, who worked in space for 176 days. The two groups will meet for 4 days before Shenzhou-19 goes home. The Shenzhou-20 crew will do 59 science experiments. For example, they will study tiny worms called planarians in space to see how they grow without gravity. This might help people heal better on Earth! They will also fix parts of the space station and welcome new supply ships, like Tianzhou-9 and Shenzhou-21. They plan to come back to Earth in late October. Shenzhou-20’s launch is a big step for China’s space program. It shows China can do hard things in space and work with the world. 1．How many times has Chen Dong been to space before Shenzhou-20? A．Once B．Twice C．Three times D．Never 2．Why will the astronauts study planarians? A．To see how they grow in space B．To send them to other planets C．To make food in space D．To clean the space station 3．Which of these is a new technology on Shenzhou-20? A．Old satellite systems B．Smart docking C．Paper books for astronauts D．Regular cameras 4．When will the Shenzhou-20 crew return to Earth? A．April 24,2025 B．Late October 2025 C．176 days after launch D．4 days after docking 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to launch China’s Shenzhou-20 B．The lives of three astronauts C．China’s Shenzhou-20 space mission D．Why space is important 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国神舟20号载人飞船的发射任务、宇航员信息、新技术应用以及科学实验等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Chen Dong is very experienced. He flew on Shenzhou-11 in 2016 and Shenzhou-14 in 2022.”可知，陈东经验丰富，曾执行2016年神舟11号和2022年神舟14号任务。因此，他在神舟20号之前已执行过两次任务。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“they will study tiny worms called planarians in space to see how they grow without gravity”可知，他们将在太空中研究一种叫做“扁形虫”的小虫子，目的是看它们如何在没有重力的情况下生长的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“The spaceship used new technologies, like smart docking”可知，飞船采用智能对接等新技术。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“They plan to come back to Earth in late October”可知，计划于10月下旬返回。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕神舟20号任务展开，涵盖发射、宇航员、技术突破及科学目标，因此主旨是神舟20号的太空任务。故选C。 （七） Recently, China’s Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (宇宙飞船) had to put off its return to Earth because a tiny piece of space debris (碎片) hit its window and caused a crack. This reminds us that space is full of unexpected challenges. In fact, even the most basic daily tasks for astronauts can be surprisingly difficult—like using the toilet! The Astronaut Who Had to Pee (小便) in His Suit One famous example happened in 1961, when Alan Shepard became the first American astronaut to travel into space. He sat inside his small spacecraft, ready to take off. But some problems kept him waiting for hours. He could not get out, and there was no toilet in his spacesuit. Finally, Shepard told the control center that he really needed to pee. After talking about it, the team on the ground decided that Shepard should turn off the medical sensors (传感器) and pee in his suit. It worked, but he felt very embarrassed (尴尬的). Today’s astronauts do not have this problem. They wear special absorbent diapers (纸尿裤) inside their suits, which keep them safe and comfortable during long space travel jobs. Where Does Astronaut Poop (粪便) Go? Now let’s talk about something else you may wonder about poop. Astronauts on space stations cannot throw their poop outside. In the freezing cold of space, poop would quickly turn into a frozen “poop ice rock”. If one of those hit a spacecraft, it could be dangerous. So instead, all waste is packed into bags and put onto another spacecraft. These spacecraft bring food, water, and other necessary things to the astronauts. When the spacecraft finish their work, they head back toward Earth, carrying the waste. But they do not land. They burn up in the air and turn into bright lines of fire-like shooting stars (流星)! So yes, there is a small chance that a shooting star you see might be a spacecraft burning trash, including astronaut poop. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By telling a funny story about an astronaut. B．By explaining how to become an astronaut. C．By sharing recent news about a space problem. D．By listing all the things astronauts do in space. 2．What happened to Alan Shepard before his flight in 1961? A．He forgot to go to the toilet. B．He tested a new absorbent diaper. C．His medical sensors stopped working. D．He had to wait for hours and peed in his suit. 3．According to the passage, how is astronauts’ poop finally dealt with? A．It is taken back to Earth for scientific study. B．It is changed into water on the space station. C．It is thrown outside and remains in space forever. D．It is burned up like a shooting star and disappears in the sky. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Toilet Challenge in Space B．A Late Return to Earth C．Astronauts’ Exciting Space Life D．The First Astronaut’s Flight 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文以神舟20号因太空碎片推迟返回引出话题，介绍宇航员在太空面临的如厕难题，包括早期宇航员的尴尬经历及如今太空排泄物的处理方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“Recently, China’s Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (宇宙飞船) had to put off its return to Earth because a tiny piece of space debris (碎片) hit its window and caused a crack.”可知，作者以一则关于太空问题的近期新闻开篇，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“some problems kept him waiting for hours...Finally, Shepard told the control center that he really needed to pee...Shepard should turn off the medical sensors (传感器) and pee in his suit.”可知，Alan Shepard等待了数小时，最后在宇航服里小便，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“When the spacecraft finish their work, they head back toward Earth, carrying the waste. But they do not land. They burn up in the air and turn into bright lines of fire-like shooting stars (流星)!”可知，宇航员的粪便最终会随飞船在大气层中燃烧，像流星一样消失，故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据“In fact, even the most basic daily tasks for astronauts can be surprisingly difficult—like using the toilet!”及全文内容可知，文章围绕宇航员在太空的如厕难题展开，故选A。 二、阅读还原 （一） 阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的六个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 On the morning of April 30, 2025, the Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft (载人飞船) successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site. The three astronauts, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze, were in good health. 1 The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was launched on October 30, 2024, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. During their six-month space mission (任务), the astronauts carried out many important tasks. 2 They also walked in space to set up new equipment outside the space station, which helped to improve the space station’s functions. 3 They made sure that all the data from their experiments was saved and sent back to the Earth. They also tidied up the space station and handed over their work to the Shenzhou-20 crew (机组人员). The return journey was full of challenges. When the spacecraft entered the Earth’s atmosphere, it had to face high temperatures caused by friction (摩擦力). The surface of the spacecraft became very hot, like a fireball in the sky. 4 Finally, with the help of parachutes (降落伞), it landed smoothly on the ground. The successful return of Shenzhou-19 is a big step for China’s space program. It shows that China is getting better at space exploration and technology. 5 . A．Before leaving, they video-called their families to share their joy. B．For example, they did science experiments to study how things work in space. C．Their safe return made the whole country excited. D．Before the return, the astronauts carefully prepared for the journey back. E．But with China’s advanced (先进的) technology, the spacecraft safely passed through this dangerous part. F．It also makes us look forward to more exciting space missions in the future. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．E 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了神舟十九号载人飞船发射和返回的过程。 1．根据“On the morning of April 30, 2025, the Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft successfully landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site. The three astronauts...were in good health.”可知，前文描述神舟十九号载人飞船成功着陆、宇航员状态良好，选项C“他们的安全返回让全国人民感到兴奋”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“During their six-month space mission, the astronauts carried out many important tasks.”可知，前文提及宇航员执行了许多重要任务，选项B“例如，他们进行科学实验以研究物体在太空中的运作方式”通过举例具体说明任务内容，符合逻辑，故选B。 3．根据“They made sure that all the data from their experiments was saved and sent back to the Earth. They also tidied up the space station and handed over their work to the Shenzhou-20 crew.”可知，后文描述宇航员确保实验数据保存并回传、整理空间站及交接工作，均为返回前的准备，选项D“返回前，宇航员认真为返程做准备”总领段落内容，故选D。 4．根据“When the spacecraft entered the Earth’s atmosphere, it had to face high temperatures caused by friction. The surface of the spacecraft became very hot, like a fireball in the sky.”可知，前文提到返回旅程中航天器面临高温摩擦的挑战，选项E“但凭借中国的先进技术，飞船安全通过了这一危险阶段”通过转折引出挑战的解决，符合语境，故选E。 5．根据“The successful return of Shenzhou-19 is a big step for China’s space program. It shows that China is getting better at space exploration and technology.”可知，前文总结神舟十九号成功返回对中国航天事业的意义，选项F“这也让我们期待未来更多令人兴奋的太空任务”进一步延伸意义，符合段落逻辑，故选F。 （二） 根据短文内容，从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。 On February 12,2025, China’s government told the world the official names of the spacesuit and lunar rover for China’s manned lunar exploration mission (探月任务). 1 The name “Wangyu” means watching the universe and exploring the unknown. It shows the Chinese astronauts’ mission to look into space and start new journeys on the moon. This name is connected to the “Feitian’ spacesuit used for space station missions. 2 The name also shows China’s peaceful use of space and its efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity.” The lunar rover is named “Tansuo,” which means “exploration.” 3 The rover can be folded and is made of different parts. It can carry two astronauts and move quickly over rough ground. It can also help with navigation, safety, communication, and carrying things. It will help astronauts do scientific research and tests on the moon. 4 They are full of Chinese culture and modern spirit. From “Chang’e” and “Yutu” to “Tianwen” and “Zhurong,” and now “Wangyu” and “Tansuo,” the names of China’s spacecraft always connect traditional culture with modern technology. Right now, the spacesuit and the lunar rover are in the early stages of development. 5 The mission will test key technologies like staying on the moon for a short time and working together with robots. The astronauts will do many tasks like landing, researching, and bringing things back to Earth. A．The names are “Wangyu” and “Tansuo”. B．China plans to send people to the moon before 2030. C．It shows the job to help Chinese solve the mysteries of the moon. D．They show China’s spirit of exploration and the ability of creating. E．The names were chosen from more than 9,000 entries in a public competition. F．It shows China’s plan to move from working in space to landing on the moon. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．C 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国新型宇航服和月球车的名称和含义。 1．根据“China’s government told the world the official names...”可知，空处应是介绍名字。A项“名字是‘望宇’和‘探索’。”符合语境，故选A。 2．根据“The name also shows China’s peaceful use of space and its efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity”可知，空处应是名字的寓意。F项“它展示了中国从太空工作到登月的计划。”符合语境，故选F。 3．根据“The lunar rover is named...”可知，空处应是“探索”号月球车的任务。C项“它展示了帮助中国人解开月球之谜的工作。”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据“They are full of Chinese culture and modern spirit...always connect traditional culture with modern technology.”及可知，空处应是介绍两个名字的来源。E项“这些名字是从公开比赛的9000多个参赛作品中选出的。”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据“The mission will test key technologies like staying on the moon for a short time and working together with robots...”可知，空处应是介绍中国的计划。B项“中国计划在2030年前将人类送上月球。”符合语境，故选B。 三、完形填空 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Fish babies in space? In a space study on zebrafish (斑马鱼) , Chinese scientists have set a new record (记录) . They 1 got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world. The zebrafish went to 2 space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship (神舟十八号飞船) on April 25 2024. Since then, they 3 in a closed fish tank (鱼缸) with some plants. The fish 4 and had babies in 43 days. In 5 special closed environment, the plants made air for the fish and the fish’s waste gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food 6 a special needle (针) . 7 a closed-loop ecosystem (封闭生态系统) is important for future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more 8 and easily . The scientists also found that the zebrafish acted more differently 9 on the earth. For example, they often swam on their back. The low gravity (引力) in space is the biggest 10 . On the earth, gravity pulls everything to Earth’s center, and animals can find their way easily. Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become stronger. Humans and zebrafish share 70 percent of the same genes (基因) . So the new finding will help scientists better understand human health. 1．A．hardly B．successfully C．actively 2．A．China’s B．China C．American 3．A．has lived B．lived C．have lived 4．A．grew up B．raised up C．picked up 5．A．they B．them C．their 6．A．to B．through C．for 7．A．Such B．So C．About 8．A．quietly B．hardly C．simply 9．A．as B．than C．between 10．A．condition B．reason C．way 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家成功地将四条斑马鱼送入太空，并记录了它们在太空的生活。 1．句意：他们成功地让四只斑马鱼在封闭的水世界里生活和成长。 hardly几乎不；successfully成功地；actively积极地。根据“In a space study on zebrafish (斑马鱼) , Chinese scientists have set a new record (记录).”可知，此处应指成功地让四只斑马鱼在封闭的水世界里生活和成长。故选B。 2．句意：这只斑马鱼于2024年4月25日乘坐神舟十八号宇宙飞船前往中国空间站。 China’s中国的；China中国；American美国的。根据“The zebrafish went to … space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship (神舟十八号飞船) on April 25 2024.”结合常识可知，神舟十八号是中国飞船，因此是中国的空间站。故选A。 3．句意：从那时起，他们就和一些植物一起生活在一个封闭的鱼缸里。 has lived已经生活，现在完成时，主语为三单形式；lived生活，一般过去时；have lived已经生活，主语为第一、二人称或第三人称复数形式。根据“Since then”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为they，因此助动词应用have。故选C。 4．句意：这些鱼在43天内长大并生下了孩子。 grew up成长；raised up提高；picked up捡起。根据“and had babies”可知，此处应指长大并生了孩子。故选A。 5．句意：在它们特殊的封闭环境中，植物为鱼制造空气，鱼的排泄物为植物提供食物。 they他们，人称代词主格作主语；them他们，人称代词宾格作宾语；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“special closed environment”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 6．句意：科学家们通过一种特殊的针头给鱼喂食。 to到；through通过；for为了。根据“gave the fish food … a special needle”可知，此处应指通过一种特殊的针头给鱼喂食。故选B。 7．句意：因此闭环生态系统对未来的太空研究非常重要。 Such这样的；So因此；About大约。 根据“a closed-loop ecosystem (封闭生态系统) is important for future studies in space.”可知，此处应指因此闭环生态系统对未来的太空研究非常重要。故选B。 8．句意：这意味着植物和动物可以更简单、更容易地在太空生活。 quietly安静地；hardly几乎不；simply简单地。根据“more … and easily”可知，此处应指更简单、更容易地在太空生活。故选C。 9．句意：科学家们还发现，斑马鱼的行为与地球上的行为更不同。 as作为；than比；between在……之间。根据“more differently”可知，此处为副词比较级，因此应用than。故选B。 10．句意：太空中的低重力是最大的原因。 condition条件；reason原因；way方式。根据“The low gravity (引力) in space is the biggest … .”可知，此处应指太空低重力是斑马鱼倒着游最大的原因。故选B。 四、阅读填空 （一） Time capsules (胶囊) are small collections of goods or information that are stored somewhere safe. They can be opened by people many years later, giving future people an idea of life in the past. They may include newspaper articles, popular music recordings and photos. Historians can use time capsules to learn more about societies that lived in the past. There are some famous time capsules in history. The first example is the Detroit Century Box. It is one of the earliest time capsules. On Dec 31, 1900, the city Detroit chose several photos and letters to be kept in a box. The box was locked then and opened one hundred years later. The things in the capsule give us a look at Detroit in the past. There were photos of people and places, as well as letters written by local people. Some of them even gave predictions (预测) for the future. One person thought that Detroit would have a population of 4 million by 2000. It turned out that the city’s population was about 951, 000 that year, according to historydetroit.com. Humans have even sent time capsules into space! The US sent two time capsules into space on the Voyager (旅行者号) spacecraft in 1977. They’re called the Voyager Golden Records. They have sounds and pictures that show different kinds of human life and culture. For example, they have music by the classical composer Beethoven and pictures of plants, insects and landscapes. The Voyager spacecraft has traveled far away from our solar system. It is hoped that aliens might find the time capsules someday and learn about us. Time capsules Introductions Time capsules are small collections of goods or information that are stored in safe 1 . Future people can open time capsules many years later, 2 about life in the past. 3 The Detroit Century Box On Dec 31, 1900, several photos and letters were 4 to be kept in it. It was locked then and opened one 5 later. One person predicted that the population of Detroit would 6 4 million by 2000. But in 7 , Detroit only had a population of 951,000 that year. The Voyager Golden Records They included 8 time capsules in all. They were sent into space on the Voyager spacecraft in 1977. 9 sounds and pictures, they show different kinds of human life and culture. They have traveled far away from the solar system. We 10 that aliens can find them and learn about us. 【答案】1．places/locations 2．knowing/learning 3．Examples 4．chosen 5．century 6．reach/be 7．fact 8．two/2 9．With/Through/Having 10．hope/expect 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了时间胶囊是存储在安全地方的物品或信息集合，未来人们可开启了解过去，还列举了底特律世纪盒子和旅行者黄金唱片两个著名时间胶囊的例子，包括其存放时间、内容、相关预测及现状等 。 1．根据“Time capsules are small collections of goods or information that are stored somewhere safe.”可知，时间胶囊是存储在安全地方的少量物品或信息的集合。故填places/ locations。 2．根据“They can be opened by people many years later, giving future people an idea of life in the past.”可知，未来的人可以在许多年后打开时间胶囊，了解过去的生活。故填knowing/ learning。 3．根据“There are some famous time capsules in history. The first example is the Detroit Century Box.”可知，这里是在举例说明著名的时间胶囊。故填Examples。 4．根据“On Dec 31, 1900, the city Detroit chose several photos and letters to be kept in a box.”可知，在1900年12月31日，底特律市选择了几张照片和信件保存在一个盒子里。这里是被动语态，故填chosen。 5．根据“The box was locked then and opened one hundred years later.”可知，这个盒子当时被锁上了，一百年后被打开了。“一百年”也就是“一个世纪”，故填century。 6．根据“One person thought that Detroit would have a population of 4 million by 2000.”可知，一个人认为到2000年底特律的人口将达到400万。“达到”可以用reach或be表示，故填reach/ be。 7．根据“It turned out that the city’s population was about 951, 000 that year, according to historydetroit.com.”可知，事实上，那年底特律的人口只有大约951,000人。“事实上”可以用in fact表示，故填fact。 8．根据“The US sent two time capsules into space on the Voyager spacecraft in 1977. They’re called the Voyager Golden Records.”可知，旅行者黄金唱片总共有两个时间胶囊。故填two/2。 9．根据“They have sounds and pictures that show different kinds of human life and culture.”可知，通过声音和图片，它们展示了不同种类的人类生活和文化。“通过”可以用With/ Through/ Having表示，故填With/ Through/ Having。 10．根据“It is hoped that aliens might find the time capsules someday and learn about us.”可知，我们希望外星人有一天能找到这些时间胶囊并了解我们。故填hope/ expect。 （二） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成表格中所缺的信息，并将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置，每空一词。 Do you know Wang Haoze? She is one of the astronauts of China’s Shenzhou-19 spacecraft (飞船) and she is also the first woman engineer astronaut (工程师航天员) in China. She entered space aboard in Shenzhou-19 spacecraft on October 30,2024. She is working at the Chinese space station now. Wang Haoze was born in Hebei Province in 1990. Her father is a policeman and her mother is a teacher. They are very strict with her. She is good at running. In fact, she started running with her mother when she was very young. “She started to run with me in 1996.” her mother said. She won the gold medals lots of times when she studied in her university in Jiangsu Province. As a student, Wang Haoze studied hard. She loved reading and she was good at physics. She also liked to help her classmates. In 2008, Wang Haoze began to study Energy and Power Engineering (能源动力工程) in a university. During these years, she always read books in the library on school nights. “She didn’t come back until it was very late.” her friends said. In 2020, Wang Haoze became a senior engineer (高级工程师). In January, 2021, she joined the army (部队). In 2023, she became one of the astronauts of China’s Shenzhou-19 spacecraft with Cai Jiazhe and Song Lingdong. “Wang Haoze was able to write different words on the blackboard with both hands at the same time. I haven’t seen anyone else who has this ability in the past 20 years.” her classmate Yang Yingnan said. “I love food too.” Wang Haoze says “Eating food is one of ways to relax myself. Candies are my favorite”. “You must work on everything with a serious attitude (态度).” she advised the young finally. She will come back to the earth before May next year. Wang Haoze: The 1 Woman Engineer Astronaut in China. Study Experience She started running with her mother when she was 2 years old. In 2008, Wang Haoze entered a university to study Energy and Power Engineering. In 2020, Wang Haoze became a senior engineer. In January, 2021, she joined the army. In 2023, she became one of the astronauts of China’s Shenzhou-19 spacecraft. Special ability Wang Haoze 3 write different words on the blackboard with both hands at the same time when she was in school. Food habits She eats food to relax herself. She likes candies 4 . Her advice “You must take everything 5 ”. 【答案】1．first 2．six 3．could 4．best 5．seriously 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国神舟19号宇宙飞船的宇航员王浩泽的经历。 1．根据“She is one of the astronauts of China’s Shenzhou-19 spacecraft and she is also the first woman engineer astronaut in China.”可知她是中国第一位女性工程师航天员。故填first。 2．根据“Wang Haoze was born in Hebei Province in 1990.”及“She started to run with me in 1996.”可知她六岁开始和她妈妈跑步。故填six。 3．根据“Wang Haoze was able to write different words on the blackboard with both hands at the same time.”可知王浩泽能够同时用两只手在黑板上写不同的字。“was able to”能够。故填could。 4．根据“Candies are my favorite”可知糖果是她的最爱。like...best“最喜欢……”。故填best。 5．根据“You must work on everything with a serious attitude.”可知她建议年轻人必须以严肃的态度对待每件事。由“You must take everything...”可知此处需要一个副词修饰take，serious的副词形式是seriously，“take...seriously”认真对待。故填seriously。 五、语法填空 （一） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文、所给首字母或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。 Imagine you are on a space trip. But along the way, your spacecraft (飞船) has some 1 (problem). Now, you have to stay at the space station, 2 (wait) for someone to come and bring you back home. This is not the 3 (begin) of a science fiction movie. This is what two US astronauts are facing right now. Astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams have been stuck (被困住) in space since June. They won’t be back 4 February 2025. During this long stay, they don’t feel 5 (bore). They’ve been busy 6 tasks at the space station. They check the system to keep the station in good shape and analyze data (分析数据) to make sure everything runs 7 (smooth). They also spend their time doing many science studies, such as growing plants in outer space, which 8 (help) us learn how to live and work in space 9 (long). In February 2025, US company SpaceX will send 10 (it) Dragon spacecraft to bring the two astronauts back to Earth. 【答案】1．problems 2．waiting 3．beginning 4．until 5．bored 6．with 7．smoothly 8．helps 9．longer 10．its 【导语】本文讲述了两名美国宇航员因飞船故障被困在太空站，需等待SpaceX公司于2025年2月派遣龙飞船将他们接回地球。 1．句意：但是在飞行途中，你的飞船出了一些问题。some后接可数名词复数，故此处应用problem的复数problems。故填problems。 2．句意：现在，你必须待在空间站，等待有人来把你带回家。分析句子可知，主语you和wait之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词waiting作伴随状语。故填waiting。 3．句意：这不是科幻电影的开头。the后接名词，begin的名词形式是beginning，the beginning of表示“…… 的开头”。故填beginning。 4．句意：他们要到2025年2月才会回来。根据“They won’t be back ... February 2025.”可知，直到2025年2月，他们才会回来；not...until... 表示“直到……才……”。故填until。 5．句意：在这漫长的逗留中，他们并不感到无聊。feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，主语they是人，所以用-ed 结尾的形容词bored，表示“感到厌烦的”。故填bored。 6．句意：他们一直在空间站忙于任务。be busy with sth.是固定短语，意为“忙于某事”。故填with。 7．句意：他们检查系统以保持空间站的良好状态，并分析数据以确保一切运行顺利。此处修饰动词 runs，要用副词形式smoothly，表示“顺利地，平稳地”。故填smoothly。 8．句意：他们还花时间做许多科学研究，比如在外太空种植植物，这有助于我们学习如何在太空生活和工作更长时间。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子“growing plants in outer space”，看作单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式helps。故填helps。 9．句意：他们还花时间做许多科学研究，比如在外太空种植植物，这有助于我们学习如何在太空生活和工作更长时间。根据“how to live and work in space ...”可知，此处表示“在太空生活和工作更久”，暗含比较意义，用long的比较级longer。故填longer。 10．句意：2025年2月，美国SpaceX公司将发射龙飞船，将两名宇航员带回地球。修饰名词Dragon spacecraft要用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。 （二） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On April 24th, 2025, when China celebrated the 10th China Space Day, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (航天器) 1 (fly) into space. Have you ever wondered how interesting life is for astronauts up there? Astronauts live very 2 (different) in space. Because there is little gravity (重力), they cannot cook food like we do on Earth. They eat special food that is made before they go into space. There are no real beds in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags that are fixed to the wall. There is no “up” or “down” in space, so they can sleep in any position (位置). 3 (stay) healthy, they use special bikes to exercise every day. Spacewalks are also an important part of an 4 (astronaut) job. When they go outside the space station, they wear space suits with about seven layers. These layers help protect them 5 very hot and very cold temperatures and from other dangers in space. During spacewalks, astronauts can fix broken parts 6 take care of the space station. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in space for about six months. One of their jobs is to study zebrafish (斑马鱼). These small fish are like humans in some ways, so they help scientists learn how low gravity changes living things. Astronauts also study microbes (微生物). These studies may help us make 7 (good) medicine. All of these help China get ready to send people to 8 Moon before 2030. These interesting jobs show how hard Chinese astronauts work. 9 (they) job is not easy, but it is very important. They also make young people like us want to dream big. Maybe one day, you could be an astronaut, flying in space and 10 (help) write the next part of human space history. 【答案】1．flew 2．differently 3．To stay 4．astronaut’s 5．from 6．and 7．better 8．the 9．Their 10．helping 【导语】本文介绍了中国神舟二十号航天器的发射以及宇航员在太空中的生活和工作情况，包括饮食、睡眠、太空行走等日常活动，以及他们进行的科学研究和未来登月计划，展现了宇航员工作的艰辛与重要性。 1．句意：2025年4月24日，当中国庆祝第10届中国航天日时，神舟20号航天器飞向太空。根据时间状语“On April 24th, 2025”可知此句应用一般过去时，动词“fly”需变为过去式“flew”。故填flew。 2．句意：宇航员在太空生活得非常不同。此空修饰动词“live”，应用形容词“different”的副词形式differently“不同地”。故填differently。 3．句意：为了保持健康，他们每天使用特殊的自行车锻炼。此空在句首表示目的，应用动词不定式“to stay”作目的状语，位于句首首字母需大写。故填To stay。 4．句意：太空行走也是宇航员工作的重要部分。此空在冠词“an”后，名词astronaut“宇航员”应用单数形式，此空修饰名词“job”，与之构成所属关系，应用名词所有格“astronaut’s”。故填astronaut’s。 5．句意：这些层帮助他们抵御非常炎热和非常寒冷的温度。固定搭配protect…from…“保护……免受……”。故填from。 6．句意：在太空行走期间，宇航员可以修理损坏的部件和照顾空间站。此处连接两个并列动作“fix”和“take care of”，应用连词and“和”。故填and。 7．句意：这些研究可能帮助我们制造更好的药物。此空修饰名词“medicine”，与之前的药物暗含比较，应用形容词“good”的比较级better“更好的”。故填better。 8．句意：所有这些都帮助中国准备在2030年前将人类送上月球。月球“Moon”是独一无二的天体，前面应用定冠词“the”。故填the。 9．句意：他们的工作不容易，但很重要。此空修饰名词“job”，应用“they”的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Their。 10．句意：也许有一天，你可以成为一名宇航员，在太空中飞行并帮助书写人类太空历史的下一篇章。此处and连接两个并列动作“flying”和“helping”，应用现在分词“helping”与前面保持一致，作状语。故填helping。 （三） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (酒泉卫星发射中心) became very bright on April 24, 2025. The Long March-2F rocket (长征二号F运载火箭) took the Shenzhou-20 manned spacecraft into the sky. It 1 (fly) fast towards the big universe. This day is very special. It’s the 10th “China Space Day” and also the 55th birthday of the “Dongfanghong-1” satellite’s launch. Fifty-five years ago, on April 24, 1970, China sent 2 (it) first man-made satellite, “Dongfanghong-1”, into space. At that time, things were hard. 3 Chinese scientists didn’t give up. They worked very hard and solved many problems. They wanted people to see the satellite, so a big “skirt” 4 (put) on the rocket. The “Dongfanghong-1” played the song Dongfanghong in space. It started China’s space journey. Now, 55 years later, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft flies again. There are three astronauts in this mission (使命). Chen Dong is the 5 (lead). He has been into space twice. Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie are new astronauts. This is their 6 (one) space trip. From “Dongfanghong-1” 7 “Shenzhou-20”, China’s space science has developed a lot. In the past, we just sent satellites into space. Now, we build space stations and do science experiments there. The Shenzhou-20 has new technology. It can meet and join with the space station quickly. The batteries in it are improved. It makes the spacecraft lighter and work 8 (well). But one thing never changes. That is 9 special spirit of Chinese space scientists. They love their country and work hard. In the past, they made great things happen with few tools. Today young scientists keep 10 (work) hard, too. China’s space science will go further and make more great achievements. 【答案】1．flew 2．its 3．But 4．was put 5．leader 6．first 7．to 8．better 9．the/a 10．working 【导语】本文介绍了中国航天事业的发展历程，从1970年发射“东方红一号”卫星到2025年发射神舟二十号载人飞船，展示了中国航天科技的进步和航天科学家的不懈努力。 1．句意：它快速飞向广阔的宇宙。根据“It...fast towards the big universe.”可知，句子描述火箭飞向宇宙的动作，用一般过去时，“fly”的过去式是“flew”。故填flew。 2．句意：55年前，1970年4月24日，中国将它的第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”送入太空。根据“Fifty-five years ago, on April 24,1970, China sent...first man-made satellite,‘Dongfanghong-1’, into space.”可知，这里需要一个词来表示所属关系，即“中国的”，修饰“first man-made satellite”。“its”是“it”的形容词性物主代词，意为“它的”，符合句子中表达中国拥有第一颗人造卫星的所属关系。故填its。 3．句意：当时，情况很艰难，但中国科学家没有放弃。根据“At that time, things were hard...Chinese scientists didn’t give up.”可知，此处前后两个句子之间存在明显的逻辑关系。前一句描述了当时艰难的状况，后一句表明科学家们的态度是不放弃，这种转折关系需要用“but”来连接，“but”表示“但是”，用于引出与前文相反的情况，位于句首，首字母大写。故填But。 4．句意：他们希望人们能看到卫星，所以在火箭上安装了一个大“裙子”。根据“They wanted people to see the satellite, so a big ‘skirt’...on the rocket.” 可知，句子强调“裙子”和“火箭”之间的动作关系。“a big skirt”是动作“put”的承受者，它们之间是被动关系，即“裙子被安装在火箭上”。又因为事情发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+过去分词”。“a big skirt”是单数，所以用“was put”。故填was put。 5．句意：陈冬是领队。根据“Chen Dong is the...”可知，这里需要一个名词来描述陈冬在这次任务中的角色。“lead”是动词，意为“领导”，而“leader”是名词，意为“领导者，领队”，符合句子中描述陈冬是此次任务中领导人物的意思。故填leader。 6．句意：这是他们的第一次太空之旅。根据“This is their...space trip.”可知，句子要表达这是他们首次进行太空旅行的意思。“one”是基数词，用于表示数量“一”，而这里需要用序数词来表示顺序“第一”，“first”是“one”的序数词形式，符合句子语境。故填first。 7．句意：从“东方红一号”到“神舟二十号”，中国的空间科学有了很大的发展。根据“From ‘Dongfanghong-1’...“Shenzhou-20”, China’s space science has developed a lot.”可知，这里是在描述一个范围或过程，从一个事物到另一个事物。“from...to...”是固定搭配，用于表示“从……到……”，在这个句子中用于连接“东方红一号”和“神舟二十号”，表示中国空间科学发展历程中的两个标志性事物。故填to。 8．句意：它（新技术）使宇宙飞船更轻，运行得更好。根据“It makes the spacecraft lighter and work...”可知，这里是在比较改进后的情况与之前的情况。“well”是副词，意为“好地”，其比较级是“better”，表示“更好地”。句子中提到电池得到改进，所以宇宙飞船运行得比以前更好，用比较级符合语境。故填better。 9．句意：那就是中国航天科学家的那种特殊精神。根据“That is...special spirit of Chinese space scientists.”可知，此处是特指某一种精神或者表示泛指“一种精神”。定冠词“the”用于特指某个特定的人、事物或群体，在这里特指中国航天科学家所具有的特殊精神，使用定冠词“the”；表示泛指“一种精神”，使用不定冠词“a”。故填the/a。 10．句意：今天，年轻的科学家们也在继续努力工作。根据“Today young scientists keep...hard, too.”可知。“keep doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，表示持续进行某个动作。所以“work”要用动名词形式“working”，表示年轻科学家们持续努力工作的状态。故填working。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $