Unit 4 Space Exploration Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking-分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Thanks for your directions to the house;we wouldn’t have found it 　　　　　　　(否则;要不然).  2.Though 　　　　　　(缺乏) money,his parents managed to send him to a university.  3.The Student Union has launched some activities to persuade people into 　　　　　　(回收利用) used products.  4.Currently you should take exercise to strengthen your 　　　　　　(肌肉).  5.The employer has a strong desire to buy some 　　　　　　(设备) to expand production.  6.She is 　　　　　　(热衷的) on going to parties while her sister likes staying at home.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.You should grasp the ability 　　　　　　　　　(solve) the complex problems.  2.In the following 16 days,there will be 109 events 　　　　　　　　　　　(enjoy) in the sports meet.  3.　　　　　　　　　　(win) the competition,the competitors have to practice hard day and night.  4.As a secretary,he always has a lot of meetings 　　　　　　　　　　(attend).  5.Many buildings in our school need repairing,but the one 　　　　　　　　　　　(repair) first is the library.  6.The old man sitting in front of the television was happy 　　　　　　　　　　(watch) anything that happened to be on.  Ⅲ.单句写作 1.学校的“校园趣事” 专栏能为学生们提供一个窗口,让他们更多地了解我们的学校以及学习生活中有趣的一面。 The column Fun at my school can offer the students a window 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and the interesting side of our study life.  2.这个截止日期能让我们有充足的时间进行编辑、排版和印刷,以赶上报纸下周的出版日程。 This deadline allows us enough time for editing,layout,and printing 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　next week.  3.在校园里拍摄短视频既能成为记录校园生活的有趣方式,也存在缺点。 Filming short videos on campus can be a fun way 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but it also has its drawbacks.  4.参与联合国的提案征集活动是一个绝佳的机会,能让年轻一代就全球性问题发声。 Participating in the proposal-collection activity by the UN is a fantastic opportunity 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　young generations on global issues.  5.为了提高交通安全意识,我们打算举办一场交通安全知识问答活动,并发放有关交通规则的宣传册。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we are going to hold a traffic safety knowledge quiz and distribute brochures about traffic rules.  二、能力素养提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2025河北石家庄高一下期末) A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand—not water.The research in 2015 suggested that lines on some Martian hills were evidence of water.Yet American scientists now say these lines appear more like dry,flows of sand.If water is present,it is likely to be a small amount.Water in liquid form would be necessary for microbial(微生物的) life. NASA,the American space agency,said more research is needed.Michael Meyer is the lead scientist for NASA’s Mars exploration programme.He noted that the latest study does not reject the presence of water.But he admitted,“It just may not be as exciting as the idea of rivers going down the sides of cliffs(悬崖).” The new findings come from a team led by Colin Dundas of the United States Geological Survey.His team measured 151 of these lines in 10 areas.Most of the lines end with slopes between 28 degrees and 35 degrees.These measurements are similar to active sand dunes(沙丘) on both Mars and Earth.A small covering of dust that moves and sometimes becomes lighter might help explain the markings.They usually appear in the Martian summertime,and then disappear until the next year.If these lines are dry,this suggests that recent Mars has not had large volumes of liquid water.Dundas and his research team say that many questions remain. “I still think that Mars has a great potential for having had life early on in its history,” Meyer said.“As long as that’s true,we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars.It just happens to be cryptic or well hidden.” NASA currently has no robotic vehicle—either on Mars or in development—with the ability to climb steep slopes.The lack of such equipment has engineers coming up with ideas like Martian helicopters or planes without pilots. 1.What do American scientists find on Mars now according to their study? A.A lot of little life. B.An amount of water. C.Some Martian hills. D.Dark markings are sand. 2.When do the markings come out? A.In Martian spring. B.In Martian summer. C.In Martian autumn. D.In Martian winter. 3.What does the underlined word “cryptic” in paragraph 4 mean? A.Icy.　　　 　　 B.Magical. C.Strange. D.Undiscovered. 4.What’s Meyer’s opinion about having life on Mars? A.Doubtful. B.Trustful. C.Indifferent. D.Objective. Ⅴ.完形填空 (2025江西上饶高一期中) Most people will remember the excitement of receiving their first letter from a pen pal.The 　1　 of receiving those letters is beyond description.  Chen Man-lin,a 15-year-old Hong Kong student,was very happy.Her pen pal was orbiting in the Tiangong Space Station when he wrote inspiring words to her.When Chen 　2　 the national letter-writing activity named “Sending My Dream to Tiangong” to write to the 　3　 on Tiangong,she wrote a letter the same evening.In her letter,she detailed every moment of her own planned 　4　 toward contributing(贡献) to national aerospace(航天航空) development,and what she knew about astronauts and the national aerospace development program.Chen’s 　5　 to write the letter was more than just an impulse(冲动).Her 　6　 in space had begun at the age of six when she watched the live broadcast from orbit(轨道) of a science lecture.She poured that passion for space into her 　7　,as well as some of her problems about her studies in life.  The three-page reply from Shenzhou 􀃽 astronaut Chen Dong 　8　 about a month later.As one of the 30,000 students from all over the country to take part in the activity,Chen was 　9　 chosen to receive a reply,the only one in Hong Kong.To encourage the students,Chen Dong 　10　 how he became an astronaut step by step.He also shared his tips for overcoming the difficulties when studying physics and other 　11　 necessary to achieve his goals.He hoped that young Hong Kong people could follow their 　12　 and make contributions to the country.  The arrival of a letter from space was also a 　13　 gift to mark the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland.“I’ll do as he 　14　 in the letter;study harder and 　15　 to stay healthy.I look forward to contributing to national aerospace development in the future,” said Chen.  1.A.report　　　 　B.beauty C.message D.kindness 2.A.thought about B.cared about C.talked about D.learned about 3.A.astronauts B.writers C.parents D.teachers 4.A.vacation B.journey C.race D.interview 5.A.purpose B.chance C.decision D.notice 6.A.habit B.style C.story D.interest 7.A.letter B.book C.heart D.class 8.A.posted B.left C.arrived D.brought 9.A.suddenly B.luckily C.widely D.truly 10.A.desired B.announced C.heard D.recalled 11.A.abilities B.skills C.subjects D.hobbies 12.A.steps B.dreams C.rules D.lessons 13.A.proper B.possible C.fair D.useful 14.A.ordered B.promised C.prepared D.advised 15.A.find out B.come out C.work out D.look out Ⅵ.语法填空 On May 15,2021,China landed its Mars probe,Tianwen-1,on the red planet,1.　　　　　　(enter) a new chapter of China’s deep space exploration and marking another 2.　　　　　　(contribute) to humanity’s exploration of the universe.  The lander,carrying 3.　　　　　　 Mars rover (火星车),touched down at its pre-selected landing area in the southern part of Utopia Planitia.Earlier,on July 23,2020,Tianwen-1,consisting of an orbiter,a lander and a rover,4.　　　　　　(launch) from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site.5.　　　　　　 was the first step to conduct China’s planetary exploration of the solar system 6.　　　　　　 the aim of completing orbiting,landing and roving on the red planet in one mission.  More than 40 Mars missions 7.(carry) out since the 1960s,but only about half have succeeded.The success rate for landing is even 8.(low).The exploration of Mars will not only investigate 9.　　　　　　 there is or was life on Mars but also help throw light on the history of evolution and the various future development 10.(trend) of Earth,as well as search for potential living space for human beings,which must be extremely important for human society.  知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.potential n.　　　　　  2.anniversary n.　　　　　  3.develop v.　　　　　　→development n.　　　　　　  4.explore v.　　　　　　→exploration n.　　　　　　  二、熟词生义 1.evidence　本文义:n.　　　　　　　其他义:n.　　　　　　  2.suggest　本文义:v.　　　　　　　其他义:v.　　　　　　　　  三、词块速记 1.come up with 　　　　　　　  2.beyond description 　　　　　　　　　　  3.contribute to 　　　　　　　　　　　  4.step by step 　　　　　　　　　　　  5.achieve one’s goals 　　　　　　　　　　  四、经典句式背诵 As long as that’s true,we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars.(as long as引导条件状语从句) 句意:   参考答案 Ⅰ.1.otherwise　2.lacking　3.recycling　4.muscles 5.facilities　6.keen Ⅱ.1.to solve　2.to be enjoyed　3.To win　4.to attend　5.to be repaired　6.to watch Ⅲ.1.to know more about our school　2.to meet the newspaper’s publication schedule　3.to record campus life 4.to voice/express the opinions of　5.To raise awareness of traffic safety Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于火星上黑色斑纹的新研究,指出这些标记更可能是沙而非水,同时引用了科学家和相关机构的观点和解释,对研究结果进行了阐述和分析。 1.D　细节理解题。文章第一段提到“一项新研究表明,火星上的深色斑纹其实是沙子——而非水。2015年的研究曾认为,火星的一些山坡上的线条是有水存在的证据。然而,美国科学家如今表示,这些线条更像是干燥的沙流。”由此可知,美国科学家发现火星上的深色斑纹是沙子,故选D项。 2.B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“They usually appear in the Martian summertime,and then disappear until the next year.”可知,火星上的深色斑纹在火星夏季出现,故选B项。 3.D　词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“As long as that’s true,we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars.It just happens to be cryptic or well hidden.”可推测,“cryptic”与“well hidden”由“or”连接,构成并列关系,说明二者含义相近。“well hidden”意为“隐藏得很好”,而选项D“undiscovered(未被发现的)”与之表意最贴近,故选D项。 4.B　推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“I still think that Mars has a great potential for having had life early on in its history”可推测,Meyer对火星存在生命(包括过去和现在)持相信的态度,故选B项。 Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了香港学生陈曼林参加“带着我的梦想上天宫”的全国性活动,幸运地得到了宇航员陈冬的回信的故事。 1.B　根据上文“Most people will remember the excitement of receiving their first letter from a pen pal.”可知,收到这些信的美妙之处(beauty)是无法形容的。 2.D　根据下文“she wrote a letter the same evening”可知,她了解到(learned about)这项活动后当晚就写了一封信。 3.A　根据“Sending My Dream to Tiangong”以及下文“and what she knew about astronauts”可知,该活动是给宇航员写信(astronauts)。 4.B　根据“toward contributing to national aerospace development”可知,此处指为国家航空航天发展作出贡献的计划旅程(journey)。 5.C　根据上文“she wrote a letter the same evening”可知,她给宇航员写了一封信,此处指写信这个决定(decision)。 6.D　根据下文“passion for space”可知,她对太空的兴趣(interest)始于六岁。 7.A　根据“Chen’s 　　　to write the letter was more than just an impulse.”可知,她把对太空的那份热情倾注到了她的信件(letter)中。  8.C　根据下文“Chen was 　　　chosen to receive a reply”可知,Chen被宇航员选中回信,故此处指回信到达,下文“The arrival of a letter from space”中的arrival也是提示。  9.B　根据上文“As one of the 30,000 students from all over the country to take part in the activity”可知,全国有30 000名学生参加活动,故被选中回信是非常幸运(luckily)的。 10.D　根据下文的“how he became an astronaut step by step”可知,为了鼓励同学们,陈冬回忆了(recalled)自己是如何一步一步成为宇航员的。 11.C　根据“physics”可知,他还分享了他在学习物理和其他必要科目(subjects)时克服困难的技巧,以实现他的目标。 12.B　根据“young Hong Kong people could follow their”可知,他希望香港的年轻人能够追随自己的梦想(dreams),为国家作出贡献。 13.A　结合句意及“to mark the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland”可知,这封来自太空的信是纪念香港回归祖国25周年的一个合适的(proper)礼物。 14.D　根据上文“He also shared his tips for overcoming the difficulties”可知,陈冬在回信中给出了一些建议(advised)。 15.C　根据“to stay healthy”可知,此处指锻炼(work out)以保持健康。 Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“天问一号”火星探测器成功在火星着陆,开启了中国深空探索的新篇章,也为人类探索宇宙作出了新的贡献。 1.entering　考查非谓语动词。分析可知,设空处及之后的内容在句中作状语,动词enter和上文内容之间是主动关系,结合and marking可知,此处要用现在分词形式。故填entering。 2.contribution　考查词性转换。根据句中another可知,其后要跟单数名词。故填contribution。 3.a　考查冠词。rover为可数名词,句中用的单数形式,所以其前应用不定冠词修饰,Mars以辅音音素开头,用a修饰。故填a。 4.was launched　考查动词的时态和语态。设空处在句中作谓语,结合时间状语on July 23,2020可知,此处的时态为一般过去时;句子主语Tianwen-1与动词launch为动宾关系,所以要用被动语态。故填was launched。 5.It　考查代词。分析句子结构可知,此处是固定句型it was the first...+to do sth,其中,it作形式主语,真正的主语为不定式,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填It。 6.with　考查介词。with the aim of以……为目的,故填介词with。 7.have been carried　考查动词的时态和语态。结合句中since the 1960s可知,此处要用现在完成时;句中主语More than 40 Mars missions为复数含义,与动词短语carry out为动宾关系,所以要用被动语态。故填have been carried。 8.lower　考查形容词。even常置于比较级之前,所以此处要用比较级。故填lower。 9.whether　考查宾语从句。分析可知,设空处为宾语从句,且句子不缺少成分,意义上缺少“是否”含义,whether意为“是否”。故填whether。 10.trends　考查名词的数。trend“趋势”为可数名词,结合句中the various future development可知,此处要用复数形式。故填trends。 知识积累卡 一、1.潜能　2.周年纪念　3.开发;培养　发展　4.探索　探索;研究 二、1.迹象　证据　2.表明　建议;暗示 三、1.提出;想出　2.无法形容;难以描述　3.促成;有助于;为……作贡献　4.逐步地;一步步地　5.实现某人的目标 四、只要情况属实,那么火星上仍然存在生命的可能性也是合理的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $