2026届高三英语二轮复习新课标新增词全景解析与梯度训练 5

5 1 modernization modest modify monument mutton mutual myth neutral numerous obey obstacle offend operate orchestra organize oven packet pagoda pants patriotism penguin perform perspective pile ping-pong pizza porridge portrait 音境锚定 听感塑义 定义+例子 境解词义 A myth is a traditional, sacred story, often from ancient times, that explains natural phenomena, cultural beliefs, or the origins of the world. Typically featuring gods, supernatural beings, or heroes, these narratives help explain the unknown. While sometimes used to mean a false belief, myths represent important cultural truths. 神话是一个传统的、神圣的故事，通常来自古代，用来解释自然现象、文化信仰或世界的起源。这些故事通常以神祇、超自然生物或英雄为主角，有助于解释未知事物。虽然有时“神话”一词被用来指代错误的信仰，但它们也代表着重要的文化真理。 中国著名的神话故事有女娲补天，大禹治水、姜子牙封神等。 The famous Chinese myths include stories such as Nüwa Mending the Sky, Yu the Great Controlling the Waters, and Jiang Ziya Conferring Titles on the Gods. modernization n. 现代化 Modernization is the process of updating, renovating, or transforming systems, societies, or infrastructure to adopt modern, efficient, and technologically advanced standards. It involves shifting from traditional or agrarian methods to industrialized, urbanized, and contemporary practices. 现代化是对系统、社会或基础设施进行更新、改造或转型，使其符合现代、高效和技术先进的标准的过程它涉及从传统或农业方法转向工业化、城市化和现代实践。 图片展示 见图明义 monument n. 纪念碑; 遗迹 这座矗立在广场中央的人民英雄纪念碑，不仅是纪念历史的建筑，更是中华民族不屈精神的象征。 The Monument to the People's Heroes, standing upright in the center of the square, is not only a structure commemorating history but also a symbol of the unyielding spirit of the Chinese nation. mutton n. 羊肉 This restaurant is famous for its hand-pulled noodles served in a rich, flavorful mutton broth. 这家餐馆以其手拉面条配浓郁鲜美的羊肉汤而闻名。 The orchestra played Beethoven's Fifth Symphony with incredible passion. 这支管弦乐团以惊人的激情演奏了贝多芬的第五交响曲。 oven n. 烤箱；烤炉 烤箱是一个非常实用的厨房电器，能做的远不止烤肉和烤面包。 Oven is a very practical kitchen appliance that can do far more than just roast meat and bake bread. pagoda n. 塔, 宝塔 塔不仅是建筑物，更是佛教教义的立体象征。 A pagoda is not merely a building, but a three-dimensional symbol of Buddhist teachings. pants n. (美)长裤子(=trousers) (英)短内裤(=underpants) She usually wears a dark blue pants and a white sweater. 她经常穿着一条深蓝色的裤子和一件白色毛衣。 penguin n. 企鹅 Penguins are flightless birds that are excellent swimmers. 企鹅是一种不会飞但非常擅长游泳的鸟类。 ping-pong n. 乒乓球 Table tennis (ping-pong) is a very popular sport in China and is renowned as the "national sport." 乒乓球在中国是一项非常受欢迎的运动，被誉为“国球”。 pizza n. 比萨饼 谁能想到，比萨，这块源于意大利、 原本只为填饱肚子的烤面饼，如今 竟成了全球共享的快乐源泉——它 不仅满足了我们对奶酪和碳水渴望， 更是一人食用或朋友聚会时最没有 负担的美味担当。 Who would have thought that pizza, baked flatbread, originating in Italy and originally meant only to fill stomachs, has now become a global source of shared happiness—it not only satisfies our cravings for cheese and carbohydrates but also serves as the most carefree delicious option for solo dining or gatherings with friends. porridge n. 粥；麦片粥 In the UK, many people enjoy a warm bowl of porridge with honey or fruit on cold winter mornings. 在英国，许多人在寒冷的冬日早晨喜欢喝一碗加了蜂蜜或水果的热燕麦粥。 portrait n 肖像；描绘. A large family portrait hangs above the fireplace in their living room. 他们家的壁炉上方挂着一幅巨大的全家福肖像。 obstacle n. 障碍；阻碍 The fallen tree across the road was a huge obstacle for drivers. 横在马路上那棵倒下的树对司机来说是个巨大的障碍物。 packet n. 小包；包装 Could you please pass me a packet of sugar for my coffee? 你能递给我一小包咖啡用糖吗？ numerous adj. 许多的，很多的 小女孩许愿的时候，夜空中无数颗星星正闪闪发光。 When the little girl made a wish, numerous stars were twinkling in the night sky. 视觉演绎 影载词义 perform v. 表演；执行 The band will perform their latest hit song live on the show tonight. 这支乐队将在今晚的节目中现场表演他们的最新热门歌曲。 operate v. 操作；运转；手术 The surgeon will operate the robotic arm to precisely operate on the patient's heart. 外科医生将操作机械臂，为患者的心脏精确地动手术。 modify v. 修改；调整 We had to modify our travel plans after the flight was canceled. 航班取消后，我们不得不修改旅行计划。 pile n. & v. 堆；堆积 He decided to pile more books onto the already towering pile on his desk. 他决定再往桌上已经摇摇欲坠的那堆书上堆放更多的书。 offend v. 冒犯；得罪 I’m sorry if I said something to offend you; it was completely unintentional. 如果我说了什么冒犯你的话，我很抱歉，这完全是无意的。 mutual adj. 相互的；共同的 In a well-functioning team, mutual aid among colleagues is essential for success. 在一个运作良好的团队中，同事之间的互相帮助对成功至关重要。 obey v. 服从；遵守 It is important for every citizen to obey the traffic laws to ensure safety on the road. 每个公民都应遵守交通法规，以确保道路安全，这一点非常重要。 一词成谜 抽丝解意 From horse and cart to rocket flight, From candles dim to LEDs bright. The world keeps changing, day and night, What’s the word for this new light?  Modernization. Tall and still, in stone I stand, Honoring heroes of the land. People come from far and near, To remember those held dear. What am I ? Monument. Gods and monsters, tales of old, Stories brave and stories bold. Not quite true but not all lies, Legends born from ancient skies. What am I ? Myth. A rock in the road, a wall in your way, Something that stops you from play. You climb or jump or go around, On a racecourse it is found. What am I? Obstacle. Violins and horns so grand, Drums and flutes played by hand. All together, they make a sound, On a stage, they gather ’round. What am I? Orchestra. I rise in layers, tall and thin, With roofs that curl up with a grin. In Eastern gardens I am found, A peaceful tower touching ground. What am I? Pagoda. Back and forth the small ball flies, Beneath the net and past your eyes. Two players hit with all their might, This sport is fast and full of light. What am I? Ping-pong. / Table tennis. 类比桥接 “比”类旁通 1. A soldier is to ______ as a leader is to command. 2. A road is to ________ as a race is to hurdle. 3. _______ is to one-sided as together is to alone. 4. ______ is to legend as fable is to tale. 5. Switzerland is to ________ as a judge is to impartial. 6. Stars are to ________ as sand is to countless. 7. A ___________ is to remember as a gift is to celebrate. 8. An ________ is to a conductor as a ship is to a captain. 9. A ________ is to a painter as a photo is to a photographer. 10. An ________ is to bake as a stove is to boil. obey obstacle Mutual Myth neutral numerous monument orchestra portrait oven 11. A __________ is to sugar as a bottle is to water. 12. A __________ is to Antarctica as a camel is to a desert. 13. An actor is to __________ as a musician is to play. 14. __________ is to viewpoint as opinion is to belief. 15. ______ is to Italy as sushi is to Japan. 16. __________ is to breakfast as soup is to lunch. 17. __________ is to country as loyalty is to friend. 18. To __________ is to improve as to edit is to perfect. 19. To __________ is to a machine as to drive is to a car. 20. To __________ is to chaos as to clean is to dirt. packet penguin perform Perspective Pizza Porridge Patriotism modify operate organize 诗境通译 意象共现 出门即有碍，谁谓天地宽。 孟郊 《赠别崔纯亮》 As soon as I step out, there are _______ ; who says the heavens and earth are vast? 2. 窈窕淑女，君子好逑。 《诗经·周南·关雎》 The ______, retiring, virtuous, young lady, for our prince a good mate she. obstacles 解析：这是非常精准的直译。诗人用“碍”字表达仕途不顺、处处碰壁的困境，英文的 obstacles 完美传达了这种前行路上的阻碍感。 modest 解析：此译文中，“窈窕”不仅指身材的美好，更指内心的贤淑。译者连用 modest (谦逊的、端庄的) 和 retiring (害羞的、内敛的) 等词，准确捕捉了古代淑女的气质。 . . 语法结构分析 主语： The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady（那位谦逊、文静、贤德的年轻女子） 表语/补语： a good mate（一个好伴侣） 介词短语： for our prince（为我们王子） 实际上，这更像是为了诗歌韵律而采用的倒装结构。严格来说，she  是主语，a good mate 是表语，for our prince 是状语，正常语序应为  She is a good mate for our prince。 英语谚语 语言精华 . . 1. A ______ man is usually admired. 谦虚的人通常受人敬佩。 2. A __________ lasts a thousand years, but a good name lasts forever. 纪念碑存千年，好名声传万代。 3. _______ trust is the foundation of friendship. 相互信任是友谊的基础。 4. Truth becomes ______ as time passes. 随着时间的推移，真理变成了神话。 5. In a storm, there is no ________ ground. 风暴之中，没有中立之地。 6. __________ drops make a flood. 无数水滴汇成洪流。 7. He who cannot ______ cannot command. 不懂服从的人，无法指挥他人。 8. Every _________ is a stepping stone to success. 每一个障碍都是通往成功的垫脚石。 9. Better to ______ the tongue than the heart. 宁可冒犯舌头，不要伤害心灵。 10. A fool ________ with his hands, a wise man with his head. 愚者用手操 作，智者用脑思考。 modest monument Mutual myth neutral Numerous obey obstacle offend operates 11. _________ your mind before you organise your life. 先整理好你的思想，再整理你的生活。 12. A watched ______ never boils. 心急烧不开水。（盯着烤箱，它永远不会熟） 13. Good things come in small ________. 好东西往往在小包装里。 14. Change your ___________ , change your life. 改变视角，改变人生。 15. Life is like a ______ — even when it's bad, it's still pretty good. 人生就像披萨——就算不好吃，也还挺不错。 16. Too many cooks spoil the ________ . 厨师多了煮坏粥。（三个和尚没水喝; 艄公多了要翻船） 17. Every ________ painted with feeling is a portrait of the artist, not the sitter. 每一幅带着感情画出的肖像，画的都是画家自己，而不是模特。 Organise oven packets perspective pizza porridge portrait 完成句子 语境固词 To remember the great poet, the city built a stone ___________ (纪念碑) in the central square. 2. According to ancient Greek ______ (神话), Zeus was the king of all gods. 3. Switzerland is famous for its long-standing policy of remaining _______  (中立的) in international conflicts. 4. There are _________ (无数的) reasons why regular exercise is beneficial to your health. 5. As a disciplined soldier, you must instantly _____ (服从) any order given by your commanding officer. 6. Lack of confidence can be a major ________ (障碍) to achieving your career goals. 7. The city’s ________  (管弦乐队) will perform a symphony by Beethoven at the concert hall tonight. monument myth neutral numerous  obey obstacle orchestra 8. She preheated the ______ (烤箱) to 200 degrees Celsius before putting the cake in to bake. 9. To make the drink sweeter, he tore open a small ______ (小包) of sugar and poured it in. 10. Defending the honor of one's country in the Olympics is a powerful expression of __________ (爱国主义). 11. The ________  (企鹅) waddled across the ice to join the rest of its colony. 12. Seeing the problem from a child’s ____________  (视角) can help you understand their reaction better. 13. He told his son to stop adding books to the already unsteady ______ (堆) on his desk. 14. For breakfast, many people in that region eat a bowl of hot ________  (粥) to start the day. 15. The artist was commissioned to paint a _______ (肖像) of the company's founder. oven packet patriotism penguin perspective pile porridge portrait 词性转换 以一驭万 1. Our goal is to __________ the factory, achieving full ______________ to become a truly modern facility. (modern) 我们的目标是使工厂现代化，完成全面现代化，成为真正现代的设施。 2. She lived in a modest apartment, yet her ________ shone through as she  _________ declined the praise. (modest) modernize modernization 3. The chef decided to modify the recipe; after the ___________, the main  ________  was the amount of salt, making the ingredients more __________  for dietary needs, resulting in a _________ version. (modify) modesty modestly modification modifier modifiable modified 她住在一间不大的公寓里，然而当她谦虚地拒绝赞美时，她的谦逊品格熠熠生辉。 厨师决定修改食谱；修改后，主要的修改因素是盐的用量，这使得食材更易于根据饮食需求进行调整，最终形成了一个改良版。 4. Their mutual respect grew into a deep _________; this relationship, a perfect example of _________ , proved ________ beneficial for both. (mutual) 5. The country remained neutral during the conflict, its _________ ensured by the ____________ of border threats, as it worked to _________ any danger and viewed all parties _________. (neutral) mutuality mutuality mutually 他们相互的尊重发展成了一种深厚的相互关系；这种关系是互利共生的完美例证，被证明对双方都是互惠的。 6. The soldier must obey every command with absolute _________; as an  ________  citizen of the nation, he acts _________ without hesitation. (obey) neutrality neutralization neutralize neutrally 这个国家在冲突期间保持中立，其中立地位通过边境威胁的消除得以确保，因为他们致力于化解任何危险，并中立地看待所有各方。 士兵必须绝对服从每一个命令；作为国家服从的仆人，他毫不犹豫地顺从地行动。 obedience obedient obediently 7. He didn't mean to offend anyone, but his comment was taken as an  ______; as a first-time ________, he apologized for his __________   remark, which had been made _________  without thinking. (offend) 8. The new ________  learned to operate the machine during its first  _________ ; once fully ___________ , the key _________ word was safety. (operate) 他并非有意冒犯任何人，但他的话却被视为一种冒犯；作为初犯者，他为自己无礼的言论道歉，那些话是未经思考冒犯性地说出的。 offense offender offensive offensively 新的操作员在机器首次运行期间学会了如何操作它；一旦全面投入使用，关键的有效词就是安全。 operator operation operational operative 9. The chief ___________ helped organize the event for the non-profit  _____________; her _____________ skills were ______________ essential to its success. 10. The talented __________ will perform a breathtaking _____________  tonight; her act is not just art but a ______________ statement on freedom. 首席组织者帮助这家非营利组织筹办了此次活动；她的组织能力在组织层面对活动的成功至关重要。 这位才华横溢的表演者今晚将呈现一场震撼人心的演出；她的表演不仅是艺术，更是关于自由的表述性宣言。 organizer organization organizational organizationally performer performance performative 对话巩固 只为一词 1. What word are Lucy and Mark discussing? A. Humble. B. Modest. C. Shy. 2. What can we infer about David? A. He is shy. B. He lives in a small house. C. He is a good team player. 3. What is the main purpose of the conversation? A. To explain the meaning of a word. B To compare two classmates. C. To describe a novel. 1. B. 这是一道细节理解题。对话一开始，Lucy 就明确提问："Does that just mean he's shy?" 其中 "that" 指代的是前一句提到的 "modest"。整段对话围绕 "modest" 这个词的含义展开讨论，因此正确答案是 B。选项 A（Humble）是 Mark 用来解释 modest 的近义词，但不是讨论的核心词；选项 C（Shy）是 Lucy 一开始的误解，并非讨论的单词本身。 2. C. 这是一道判断推理题。Lucy 举出同学 David 作为例子："He's the best on the basketball team, but he always gives credit to his teammates."（他是篮球队里最棒的，但他总是把功劳归给队友）。由此可以推断，David 是一个乐于分享荣誉、重视团队合作的人，即 "a good team player"（好的团队合作者）。选项 A（他很害羞）对话中未提及，David 的例子强调的是谦虚，而非害羞；选项 B（他住小房子）与 David 的例子完全无关，是 Mark 后来解释 modest 可以形容房屋时提到的，但不适用于 David。 3. A. 这是一道主旨大意题。整段对话从 Lucy 的疑问开始："Does that just mean he's shy?"，到 Mark 解释 modest 的真正含义（humble、不炫耀），再到用 David 举例说明对人的描述，最后扩展到对事物（房屋、食物）的描述。整个对话的核心目的就是 "to explain the meaning of a word"（解释一个词的含义）。选项 C（描述一本小说）只是对话的引子，不是主旨；选项 B（比较两个同学）对话中没有比较，只提到了 David 一个同学作为例子。 Lucy: Hi, Mark. I'm reading a novel and it describes the hero as "modest." Does that just mean he's shy? Mark: Not exactly. It's more about being humble. A modest person doesn't boast about their achievements, even if they're very talented. Lucy: Ah, so like our classmate, David? He's the best on the basketball team, but he always gives credit to his teammates. Mark: Bingo! That's a perfect example of being modest. It can also describe something simple, like a modest little house or a modest meal. Lucy: Oh, I see. So it's like the opposite of being flashy or showing off? Mark: Exactly. It applies to both personality and things. A modest person doesn’t seek the spotlight, and a modest apartment is small and simple, not fancy. Lucy: Got it. Humble people and simple food. That's clear. 1. How many uses of "perspective" does Ben explain? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 2.What does "put things in perspective" help people do? A. Draw better pictures B. Express personal opinions C. Understand what really matters 3.What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Different meanings of a word B. Movie preferences of friends C. How to draw realistically 1. B. 这是一道细节理解题。Ben 在对话开头明确说："Three main uses."（三个主要用法）。随后他依次解释了这三个用法：① point of view（观点）；② put things in perspective（看清全局）；③ art perspective（艺术透视）。因此正确答案是 B。选项 A（两个）和 C（四个）都与原文不符。 2. C. 这是一道判断推理题。Ben 解释 "put things in perspective" 时说："This means to see the whole picture clearly."（意思是清楚地看到全局）。接着 Amy 举了一个例子：当她为一个小错误感到压力时，Ben 回应 "In perspective, it's not a big deal."（从全局看，这没什么大不了的）。由此可以推断，这个短语帮助人们"understand what really matters"（理解什么才是真正重要的），即不被小事困擾，看清事物的真实重要性。选项 A（画得更好）对应的是第三个含义（art perspective）；选项 B（表达个人观点）对应的是第一个含义（point of view）。 3. A. 这是一道主旨大意题。整段对话围绕 Amy 对 "perspective" 这个词的疑问展开，Ben 系统地解释了它的三个不同含义：观点、全局观、艺术透视。Amy 在每个含义后都用自己的话确认理解，最后总结 "Point of view, big picture, drawing depth."。因此，对话的核心主题是"Different meanings of a word"（一个单词的不同含义）。选项 C（如何画得逼真）只涉及第三个含义，过于片面；选项 A（朋友的电影喜好）只是第一个含义的例子，不是对话主旨。 Amy: I see "perspective" everywhere. What does it mean? Ben: Three main uses. First, it means "point of view." Your way of thinking. Amy: Like my perspective on movies? I like action, you like comedy? Ben: Exactly. Different people, different perspectives. Amy: You said three uses. What's next? Ben: "Put things in perspective." This means to see the whole picture clearly. Amy: Like when I'm stressed about a small mistake? Ben: Right. In perspective, it's not a big deal. Compare it to something bigger. Amy: That helps. And the third meaning? Ben: Art perspective. Making things look real and 3D on paper. Amy: Like roads getting smaller in drawings? Ben: Perfect. So: your view, seeing clearly, and art technique. Amy: Got it. Point of view, big picture, drawing depth. Thanks! 1. What did Emma try eating before? A. Mutton soup B. Porridge with mutton C. Pizza 2. What can we infer about the school report? A. It has a strict word limit. B. It must focus on one topic. C. It needs more researchers. 3. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Visiting a museum B. Planning a school report C. Trying local foods 1. B. 这是一道细节理解题。当 Tom 问 Emma 是否尝过博物馆附近的羊肉汤时，Emma 明确回答："Not yet. But I did try porridge with mutton once."（还没有，但我确实尝过一次羊肉粥）。因此，Emma 之前吃过的是 Porridge with mutton（羊肉粥）。选项 A（羊肉汤）是 Tom 问的但 Emma 没尝过；选项 C（披萨）是 Tom 提议下次开会时带的，不是 Emma 吃过的。 2. A. 这是一道判断推理题。Tom 提到学校报告的要求时说："And we must obey the word limit—only 500 words."（我们必须遵守字数限制——只有500词）。由此可以推断，这份学校报告 has a strict word limit（有严格的字数限制）。选项 B（必须聚焦一个话题）与原文 "include different perspectives"（包含不同视角）矛盾；选项 C（需要更多研究者）对话中未提及，他们已经明确分工 "you research, I write"。 3. B. 这是一道主旨大意题。整段对话虽然以参观展览（portrait, pagoda）和食物（mutton, porridge）开头，但这些只是引出话题的背景。从 Tom 说 "By the way, the school asked us to organize a report..." 开始，对话的核心转向了 学校报告的筹备：如何组织（organize）、保持中立（stay neutral）、包含不同视角（include different perspectives）、遵守字数限制（obey the word limit）、团队分工（you research, I write）、避免堆砌话题（don't pile too many topics）。因此，对话的主旨是 Planning a school report（规划一份学校报告）。选项 A（参观博物馆）是对话发生的场景，但不是核心主题；选项 C（尝试当地食物）只是对话中的次要细节。 Tom: Emma, look at this old portrait! It shows a general famous for his patriotism. Emma: Amazing. And here's a model of an ancient pagoda. The architecture is truly a monument to history. Tom: Speaking of history, have you tried the mutton soup at the restaurant near the bakery museum? Emma: Not yet. But I did try porridge with mutton once. It was reasonably priced. Tom: By the way, the school asked us to organize a report on local culture. We need to stay neutral and include different perspectives. Emma: Right. There are numerous topics to choose from. We shouldn't offend any group. Tom: Exactly. And we must obey the word limit—only 500 words. That’s a small obstacle. Emma: We can do it. Let's work as a team: you research, I write. Tom: Sounds good. Oh, and I'll bring some pizza for our next meeting. Emma: Ha! Just don't pile too many topics into one paragraph. 语法填空 依境索词 Last week, our school organized a cultural fair. Each class had to organize an activity ________ (perform) a theme. My class chose to focus on "traditions and modernization". We built a small model of an ancient pagoda as a monument ____ history. Beside it, we placed a portrait of a local hero known for his patriotism. To make it interactive, we decided to operate a simple food stall selling mutton soup and porridge, ______ we heated in a portable oven. The prices were modest, so everyone could afford a taste. One challenge was staying neutral when discussing different cultural ______ (perspective). We didn't want to offend anyone. My friend Tom suggested we modify our display to include a myth from the region, which _______ (add) a fascinating layer. There were numerous visitors, and the __________ (orchestra) performance in the hall added to the festive mood. We also set up a small ping-pong area for fun. Seeing the pile of balls, I __________(remind) that every small effort contributes to the whole. We had to obey the school's safety rules, ____ that was no obstacle. By the end, we ______ (feel) a sense of mutual achievement. Even a teacher dressed as a penguin for a photo! It was a day where tradition and fun met, _______ (prove) that mutual respect makes any event successful. Last week, our school organized a cultural fair. Each class had to organize an activity to perform /performing a theme. My class chose to focus on "traditions and modernization". We built a small model of an ancient pagoda as a monument to history. Beside it, we placed a portrait of a local hero known for his patriotism. To make it interactive, we decided to operate a simple food stall selling mutton soup and porridge, which we heated in a portable oven. The prices were modest, so everyone could afford a taste. One challenge was staying neutral when discussing different cultural perspectives. We didn't want to offend anyone. My friend Tom suggested we modify our display to include a myth from the region, which added a fascinating layer. There were numerous visitors, and the orchestra's performance in the hall added to the festive mood. We also set up a small ping-pong area for fun. Seeing the pile of balls, I was reminded that every small effort contributes to the whole. We had to obey the school's safety rules, but that was no obstacle. By the end, we felt a sense of mutual achievement. Even a teacher dressed as a penguin for a photo! It was a day where tradition and fun met, proving that mutual respect makes any event successful. 上周，我们学校组织了一场文化集市。每个班级都要组织一个活动来呈现一个主题。我们班选择了“传统与现代化”。 我们建造了一个古代宝塔的小模型，作为历史的丰碑。在它旁边，我们摆放了一幅以爱国主义闻名的当地英雄的肖像。为了增加互动性，我们决定操作一个简单的食品摊，售卖羊肉汤和粥，用便携式烤箱加热。价格很适中，每个人都能尝得起。 一个挑战是在讨论不同的文化视角时保持中立。我们不想冒犯任何人。我的朋友汤姆建议我们修改展品，加入一个当地的神话故事，这增添了迷人的色彩。参观者无数，大厅里管弦乐队的演奏增添了节日气氛。 我们还设立了一个小型乒乓球区供娱乐。看着那堆球，我意识到每一份小小的努力都汇聚成了整体。我们必须遵守学校的安全规定，但这算不上什么障碍。最后，我们感受到了一种相互的成就感。甚至有位老师打扮成企鹅来拍照！这是一个传统与乐趣相遇的日子，证明了相互尊重能让任何活动成功。 December, 2025 sdk_3110(A40114) Lavf61.7.100 Lavf61.7.100 sdk_3110(B25AB2) sdk_3110(76D521) null 2026 47046.07 null 2026 47072.19 null 2026 49501.453 null 2026 48038.67 null 2026 47568.492 null 2026 48195.4 null 2026 60942.492 null 2026 62353.03 null 2026 74082.68 null 2026 74657.43 $ 2026届高三英语二轮复习新课标新增词全景解析与梯度训练 5 （解析版） 一、音境锚定 听感塑义 modernization n. 现代化 modest adj. 谦虚的；适度的 modify v. 修改；调整 monument n. 纪念碑；遗迹 mutton n. 羊肉 mutual adj. 相互的；共同的 myth n. 神话；虚构的事 neutral adj. & n. 中立的；中立者 numerous adj. 众多的；许多的 bey v. 服从；遵守 obstacle n. 障碍；阻碍 offend v. 冒犯；得罪 operate v. 操作；运转；手术 orchestra n. 管弦乐队 organize v. 组织；安排 oven n. 烤箱；烤炉 packet n. 小包；包装 pagoda n. 塔；宝塔 pants n. (美)长裤子(=trousers) ，(英)短内裤(=underpants) patriotism n. 爱国主义；爱国精神 penguin n. 企鹅 perform v. 表演；执行 perspective n. 视角；观点 pile n.& v. 堆；堆积 ping-pong n. 乒乓球 pizza n. 比萨饼 porridge n. 粥；麦片粥 portrait n. 肖像；描绘 二、定义+例子 境解词义 1. A myth is a traditional, sacred story, often from ancient times, that explains natural phenomena, cultural beliefs, or the origins of the world. Typically featuring gods, supernatural beings, or heroes, these narratives help explain the unknown. While sometimes used to mean a false belief, myths represent important cultural truths. 神话是一个传统的、神圣的故事，通常来自古代，用来解释自然现象、文化信仰或世界的起源。这些故事通常以神祇、超自然生物或英雄为主角，有助于解释未知事物。虽然有时“神话”一词被用来指代错误的信仰，但它们也代表着重要的文化真理。 2. Modernization is the process of updating, renovating, or transforming systems, societies, or infrastructure to adopt modern, efficient, and technologically advanced standards. It involves shifting from traditional or agrarian methods to industrialized, urbanized, and contemporary practices. 现代化是对系统、社会或基础设施进行更新、改造或转型，使其符合现代、高效和技术先进的标准的过程它涉及从传统或农业方法转向工业化、城市化和现代实践。 三、图片展示 见图明义 1. The Monument to the People's Heroes, standing upright in the center of the square, is not only a structure commemorating history but also a symbol of the unyielding spirit of the Chinese nation. 这座矗立在广场中央的人民英雄纪念碑，不仅是纪念历史的建筑，更是中华民族不屈精神的象征。 2. This restaurant is famous for its hand-pulled noodles served in a rich, flavorful mutton broth. 这家餐馆以其手拉面条配浓郁鲜美的羊肉汤而闻名。 3. The orchestra played Beethoven's Fifth Symphony with incredible passion. 这支管弦乐团以惊人的激情演奏了贝多芬的第五交响曲。 4. 烤箱是一个非常实用的厨房电器，能做的远不止烤肉和烤面包。 Oven is a very practical kitchen appliance that can do far more than just roast meat and bake bread. 5. 塔不仅是建筑物，更是佛教教义的立体象征。 A pagoda is not merely a building, but a three-dimensional symbol of Buddhist teachings. 6. She usually wears a dark blue pants and a white sweater. 她经常穿着一条深蓝色的裤子和一件白色毛衣。 7. Penguins are flightless birds that are excellent swimmers. 企鹅是一种不会飞但非常擅长游泳的鸟类。 8. 乒乓球在中国是一项非常受欢迎的运动，被誉为“国球”。 Table tennis (ping-pong) is a very popular sport in China and is renowned as the "national sport." 9. 谁能想到，比萨，这块源于意大利、原本只为填饱肚子的烤面饼，如今竟成了全球共享的快乐源泉——它不仅满足了我们对奶酪和碳水渴望，更是一人食用或朋友聚会时最没有负担的美味担当。 Who would have thought that pizza, baked flatbread, originating in Italy and originally meant only to fill stomachs, has now become a global source of shared happiness—it not only satisfies our cravings for cheese and carbohydrates but also serves as the most carefree delicious option for solo dining or gatherings with friends. 10. 在英国，许多人在寒冷的冬日早晨喜欢喝一碗加了蜂蜜或水果的热燕麦粥。 In the UK, many people enjoy a warm bowl of porridge with honey or fruit on cold winter mornings. 11. 他们家的壁炉上方挂着一幅巨大的全家福肖像。 A large family portrait hangs above the fireplace in their living room. 12. 横在马路上那棵倒下的树对司机来说是个巨大的障碍物。 The fallen tree across the road was a huge obstacle for drivers. 13. Could you please pass me a packet of sugar for my coffee? 你能递给我一小包咖啡用糖吗？ 14. 小女孩许愿的时候，夜空中无数颗星星正闪闪发光。 When the little girl made a wish, numerous stars were twinkling in the night sky. 四、视觉演绎 影载词义 1. The band will perform their latest hit song live on the show tonight. 这支乐队将在今晚的节目中现场表演他们的最新热门歌曲。 2. The surgeon will operate the robotic arm to precisely operate on the patient's heart. 外科医生将操作机械臂，为患者的心脏精确地动手术。 3. We had to modify our travel plans after the flight was canceled. 航班取消后，我们不得不修改旅行计划。 4. He decided to pile more books onto the already towering pile on his desk. 他决定再往桌上已经摇摇欲坠的那堆书上堆放更多的书。 5. I’m sorry if I said something to offend you; it was completely unintentional. 如果我说了什么冒犯你的话，我很抱歉，这完全是无意的。 6. In a well-functioning team, mutual aid among colleagues is essential for success. 在一个运作良好的团队中，同事之间的互相帮助对成功至关重要。 7. It is important for every citizen to obey the traffic laws to ensure safety on the road. 每个公民都应遵守交通法规，以确保道路安全，这一点非常重要。 五、一词成谜 抽丝解意 1. From horse and cart to rocket flight, From candles dim to LEDs bright. The world keeps changing, day and night, What’s the word for this new light? Modernization. 2. Tall and still, in stone I stand, Honoring heroes of the land. People come from far and near, To remember those held dear. What am I ? Monument. 3. Gods and monsters, tales of old, Stories brave and stories bold. Not quite true but not all lies, Legends born from ancient skies. What am I ? Myth. 4. A rock in the road, a wall in your way, Something that stops you from play. You climb or jump or go around, On a racecourse it is found. What am I? Obstacle. 5. Violins and horns so grand, Drums and flutes played by hand. All together, they make a sound, On a stage, they gather ’round. What am I? Orchestra. 6. I rise in layers, tall and thin, With roofs that curl up with a grin. In Eastern gardens I am found, A peaceful tower touching ground. What am I? Pagoda. 7. Back and forth the small ball flies, Beneath the net and past your eyes. Two players hit with all their might, This sport is fast and full of light. What am I? Ping-pong. / Table tennis. 六、类比桥接 “比”类旁通 1. A soldier is to obey as a leader is to command. 士兵之于服从，如同领导者之于指挥。职责关系 2. A road is to obstacle as a race is to hurdle. 道路之于障碍，如同赛跑之于跨栏。场景与典型阻碍 3. Mutual is to one-sided as together is to alone. 相互之于单方，如同一起之于独自。反义词关系 4. Myth is to legend as fable is to tale. 神话之于传奇，如同寓言之于故事。同类别叙事文体 5. Switzerland is to neutral as a judge is to impartial. 瑞士之于中立，如同法官之于公正。典型代表与特质 6. Stars are to numerous as sand is to countless. 星星之于繁多，如同沙子之于无数。事物与数量特征 7. A monument is to remember as a gift is to celebrate. 纪念碑之于纪念，如同礼物之于庆祝。物品与功能目的 8. An orchestra is to a conductor as a ship is to a captain. 管弦乐队之于指挥，如同船只之于船长。团体与领导者 9. A portrait is to a painter as a photo is to a photographer. 肖像之于画家，如同照片之于摄影师。作品与创作者 10. An oven is to bake as a stove is to boil. 烤箱之于烘烤，如同炉灶之于煮沸。工具与主要功能 11. A packet is to sugar as a bottle is to water. 小包之于糖，如同瓶子之于水。容器与典型内容物 12. A penguin is to Antarctica as a camel is to a desert. 企鹅之于南极，如同骆驼之于沙漠。动物与栖息地 13. An actor is to perform as a musician is to play. 演员之于表演，如同音乐家之于演奏。职业与核心行为 14. Perspective is to viewpoint as opinion is to belief. 视角之于观点，如同意见之于信念。近义词关系 15. Pizza is to Italy as sushi is to Japan. 披萨之于意大利，如同寿司之于日本。食物与原产国 16. Porridge is to breakfast as soup is to lunch. 粥之于早餐，如同汤之于午餐。食物与食用时段 17. Patriotism is to country as loyalty is to friend. 爱国主义之于国家，如同忠诚之于朋友。情感与其对象 18. To modify is to improve as to edit is to perfect. 修改之于改进，如同编辑之于完善。行为与预期结果 19. To operate is to a machine as to drive is to a car. 操作之于机器，如同驾驶之于汽车。动词与典型宾语 20. To organize is to chaos as to clean is to dirt. 组织之于混乱，如同清洁之于肮脏。行为与消除对象。 七、诗境通译 意象共现 1. 出门即有碍，谁谓天地宽。 孟郊 《赠别崔纯亮》 As soon as I step out, there are obstacles; who says the heavens and earth are vast? 解析：这是非常精准的直译。诗人用“碍”字表达仕途不顺、处处碰壁的困境，英文的 obstacles 完美传达了这种前行路上的阻碍感。 2. 窈窕淑女，君子好逑。 《诗经·周南·关雎》 The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady, for our prince a good mate she. 解析：此译文中，“窈窕”不仅指身材的美好，更指内心的贤淑。译者连用 modest (谦逊的、端庄的) 和 retiring (害羞的、内敛的) 等词，准确捕捉了古代淑女的气质。 语法结构分析 主语：The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady（那位谦逊、文静、贤德的年轻女子） 表语/补语：a good mate（一个好伴侣） 介词短语：for our prince（为我们王子） 实际上，这更像是为了诗歌韵律而采用的倒装结构。严格来说，she是主语，a good mate是表语，for our prince是状语，正常语序应为She is a good mate for our prince。 八、英语谚语 语言精华 1. A modest man is usually admired. 谦虚的人通常受人敬佩。 2. A monument lasts a thousand years, but a good name lasts forever. 纪念碑存千年，好名声传万代。 3. Mutual trust is the foundation of friendship. 相互信任是友谊的基础。 4. Truth becomes myth as time passes. 随着时间的推移，真理变成了神话。 5. In a storm, there is no neutral ground. 风暴之中，没有中立之地。 6. Numerous drops make a flood. 无数水滴汇成洪流。 7. He who cannot obey cannot command. 不懂服从的人，无法指挥他人。 8. Every obstacle is a stepping stone to success. 每一个障碍都是通往成功的垫脚石。 9. Better to offend the tongue than the heart. 宁可冒犯舌头，不要伤害心灵。 10. A fool operates with his hands, a wise man with his head. 愚者用手操作，智者用脑思考。 11. Organize your mind before you organize your life. 先整理好你的思想，再整理你的生活。 12. A watched oven never boils. 心急烧不开水。（盯着烤箱，它永远不会熟） 13. Good things come in small packets. 好东西往往在小包装里。 14. Change your perspective, change your life. 改变视角，改变人生。 15. Life is like a pizza — even when it's bad, it's still pretty good. 人生就像披萨——就算不好吃，也还挺不错。。（现代幽默谚语） 16. Too many cooks spoil the porridge. 厨师多了煮坏粥。（三个和尚没水喝； 艄公多了要翻船） 17. Every portrait painted with feeling is a portrait of the artist, not the sitter.每一幅带着感情画出的肖像，画的都是画家自己，而不是模特。 九、完成句子 语境固词 1. To remember the great poet, the city built a stone monument (纪念碑) in the central square. (为了纪念这位伟大的诗人，城市在中央广场建造了一座石制纪念碑。) 2. According to ancient Greek myth (神话), Zeus was the king of all gods. (根据古希腊神话，宙斯是众神之王。) 3. Switzerland is famous for its long-standing policy of remaining neutral (中立的) in international conflicts. (瑞士以其在国际冲突中长期保持中立的政策而闻名。) 4. There are numerous (无数的) reasons why regular exercise is beneficial to your health. (有无数个理由说明为什么定期锻炼对你的健康有益。) 5. As a disciplined soldier, you must instantly obey (服从) any order given by your commanding officer. (作为一名有纪律的士兵，你必须立即服从指挥官给出的任何命令。) 6. Lack of confidence can be a major obstacle (障碍) to achieving your career goals. (缺乏自信可能是在实现职业目标过程中的一个主要障碍。) 7. The city's orchestra (管弦乐队) will perform a symphony by Beethoven at the concert hall tonight. (这座城市的管弦乐队今晚将在音乐厅演奏贝多芬的交响曲。) 8. She preheated the oven (烤箱) to 200 degrees Celsius before putting the cake in to bake. (在把蛋糕放进去烤之前，她把烤箱预热到了200摄氏度。) 9. To make the drink sweeter, he tore open a small packet (小包) of sugar and poured it in. (为了让饮料更甜，他撕开一小包糖倒了进去。) 10. Defending the honor of one's country in the Olympics is a powerful expression of patriotism (爱国主义). (在奥运会上捍卫祖国的荣誉是爱国主义的强烈表达。) 11. The penguin (企鹅) waddled across the ice to join the rest of its colony. (那只企鹅摇摇摆摆地走过冰面，去和它群体的其他成员会合。) 12. Seeing the problem from a child's perspective (视角) can help you understand their reaction better. (从一个孩子的视角来看问题，能帮助你更好地理解他们的反应。) 13. He told his son to stop adding books to the already unsteady pile (堆) on his desk. (他告诉儿子不要再往书桌上那摇摇欲坠的书堆上堆放书了。) 14. For breakfast, many people in that region eat a bowl of hot porridge (粥) to start the day. (在那个地区，许多人早餐会吃一碗热粥来开始新的一天。) 15. The artist was commissioned to paint a portrait (肖像) of the company's founder. (这位艺术家受委托为公司创始人画一幅肖像。) 十、词性转换 以一驭万 1. Our goal is to modernize the factory, achieving full modernization to become a truly modern facility. 我们的目标是使工厂现代化，完成全面现代化，成为真正现代的设施。 2. She lived in a modest apartment, yet her modesty shone through as she modestly declined the praise. 她住在一间不大的公寓里，然而当她谦虚地拒绝赞美时，她的谦逊品格熠熠生辉。 3. The chef decided to modify the recipe; after the modification, the main modifier was the amount of salt, making the ingredients more modifiable for dietary needs, resulting in a modified version. 厨师决定修改食谱；修改后，主要的修改因素是盐的用量，这使得食材更易于根据饮食需求进行调整，最终形成了一个改良版。 4. Their mutual respect grew into a deep mutuality; this relationship, a perfect example of mutuality, proved mutually beneficial for both. 他们相互的尊重发展成了一种深厚的相互关系；这种关系是互利共生的完美例证，被证明对双方都是互惠的。 5. The country remained neutral during the conflict, its neutrality ensured by the neutralization of border threats, as it worked to neutralize any danger and viewed all parties neutrally. 这个国家在冲突期间保持中立，其中立地位通过边境威胁的消除得以确保，因为他们致力于化解任何危险，并中立地看待所有各方。 6. The soldier must obey every command with absolute obedience; as an obedient citizen of the nation, he acts obediently without hesitation. 士兵必须绝对服从每一个命令；作为国家服从的仆人，他毫不犹豫地顺从地行动。 7. He didn't mean to offend anyone, but his comment was taken as an offense; as a first-time offender, he apologized for his offensive remark, which had been made offensively without thinking. 他并非有意冒犯任何人，但他的话却被视为一种冒犯；作为初犯者，他为自己无礼的言论道歉，那些话是未经思考冒犯性地说出的。 8. The new operator learned to operate the machine during its first operation; once fully operational, the key operative word was safety. 新的操作员在机器首次运行期间学会了如何操作它；一旦全面投入使用，关键的有效词就是安全。 9. The chief organizer helped organize the event for the non-profit organization; her organizational skills were organizationally essential to its success. 首席组织者帮助这家非营利组织筹办了此次活动；她的组织能力在组织层面对活动的成功至关重要。 10. The talented performer will perform a breathtaking performance tonight; her act is not just art but a performative statement on freedom. 这位才华横溢的表演者今晚将呈现一场震撼人心的演出；她的表演不仅是艺术，更是关于自由的表述性宣言。 十一、对话巩固 只为一词 Dialogue 1 1. What word are Lucy and Mark discussing? A. Humble. B. Modest. C. Shy. 2. What can we infer about David? A. He is shy. B. He lives in a small house. C. He is a good team player. 3. What is the main purpose of the conversation? A. To explain the meaning of a word. B To compare two classmates. C. To describe a novel. 答案与详细解析 第1题答案：B 解析：这是一道细节理解题。对话一开始，Lucy 就明确提问："Does that just mean he's shy?" 其中 "that" 指代的是前一句提到的 "modest"。整段对话围绕 "modest" 这个词的含义展开讨论，因此正确答案是 B。选项 A（Humble）是 Mark 用来解释 modest 的近义词，但不是讨论的核心词；选项 C（Shy）是 Lucy 一开始的误解，并非讨论的单词本身。 第2题答案：C 解析：这是一道判断推理题。Lucy 举出同学 David 作为例子："He's the best on the basketball team, but he always gives credit to his teammates."（他是篮球队里最棒的，但他总是把功劳归给队友）。由此可以推断，David 是一个乐于分享荣誉、重视团队合作的人，即 "a good team player"（好的团队合作者）。选项 A（他很害羞）对话中未提及，David 的例子强调的是谦虚，而非害羞；选项 B（他住小房子）与 David 的例子完全无关，是 Mark 后来解释 modest 可以形容房屋时提到的，但不适用于 David。 第3题答案：A 解析：这是一道主旨大意题。整段对话从 Lucy 的疑问开始："Does that just mean he's shy?"，到 Mark 解释 modest 的真正含义（humble、不炫耀），再到用 David 举例说明对人的描述，最后扩展到对事物（房屋、食物）的描述。整个对话的核心目的就是 "to explain the meaning of a word"（解释一个词的含义）。选项 C（描述一本小说）只是对话的引子，不是主旨；选项 B（比较两个同学）对话中没有比较，只提到了 David 一个同学作为例子。 录音文字材料 Lucy: Hi, Mark. I'm reading a novel and it describes the hero as "modest." Does that just mean he's shy? Mark: Not exactly. It's more about being humble. A modest person doesn't boast about their achievements, even if they're very talented. Lucy: Ah, so like our classmate, David? He's the best on the basketball team, but he always gives credit to his teammates. Mark: Bingo! That's a perfect example of being modest. It can also describe something simple, like a modest little house or a modest meal. Lucy: Oh, I see. So it's like the opposite of being flashy or showing off? Mark: Exactly. It applies to both personality and things. A modest person doesn't seek the spotlight, and a modest apartment is small and simple, not fancy. Lucy: Got it. Humble people and simple food. That's clear. Dialogue 2 1. How many uses of "perspective" does Ben explain? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 2. What does "put things in perspective" help people do? A. Draw better pictures. B. Express personal opinions. C. Understand what really matters. 3. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Different meanings of a word. B. Movie preferences of friends. C. How to draw realistically. 答案与详细解析 第1题答案：B 解析：这是一道细节理解题。Ben 在对话开头明确说："Three main uses."（三个主要用法）。随后他依次解释了这三个用法：① point of view（观点）；② put things in perspective（看清全局）；③ art perspective（艺术透视）。因此正确答案是 B。选项 A（两个）和 C（四个）都与原文不符。 第2题答案：C 解析：这是一道判断推理题。Ben 解释 "put things in perspective" 时说："This means to see the whole picture clearly."（意思是清楚地看到全局）。接着 Amy 举了一个例子：当她为一个小错误感到压力时，Ben 回应 "In perspective, it's not a big deal."（从全局看，这没什么大不了的）。由此可以推断，这个短语帮助人们"understand what really matters"（理解什么才是真正重要的），即不被小事困擾，看清事物的真实重要性。选项 A（画得更好）对应的是第三个含义（art perspective）；选项 B（表达个人观点）对应的是第一个含义（point of view）。 第3题答案：A 解析：这是一道主旨大意题。整段对话围绕 Amy 对 "perspective" 这个词的疑问展开，Ben 系统地解释了它的三个不同含义：观点、全局观、艺术透视。Amy 在每个含义后都用自己的话确认理解，最后总结 "Point of view, big picture, drawing depth."。因此，对话的核心主题是"Different meanings of a word"（一个单词的不同含义）。选项 C（如何画得逼真）只涉及第三个含义，过于片面；选项 A（朋友的电影喜好）只是第一个含义的例子，不是对话主旨。 录音文字材料 Amy: I see "perspective" everywhere. What does it mean? Ben: Three main uses. First, it means "point of view." Your way of thinking. Amy: Like my perspective on movies? I like action, you like comedy? Ben: Exactly. Different people, different perspectives. Amy: You said three uses. What's next? Ben: "Put things in perspective." This means to see the whole picture clearly. Amy: Like when I'm stressed about a small mistake? Ben: Right. In perspective, it's not a big deal. Compare it to something bigger. Amy: That helps. And the third meaning? Ben: Art perspective. Making things look real and 3D on paper. Amy: Like roads getting smaller in drawings? Ben: Perfect. So: your view, seeing clearly, and art technique. Amy: Got it. Point of view, big picture, drawing depth. Thanks! Dialogue 3 1. What did Emma try eating before? A. Mutton soup B. Porridge with mutton C. Pizza 2. What can we infer about the school report? A. It has a strict word limit. B. It must focus on one topic. C. It needs more researchers. 3. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Visiting a museum B. Planning a school report C. Trying local foods 答案与详细解析 第1题答案：B 解析：这是一道细节理解题。当 Tom 问 Emma 是否尝过博物馆附近的羊肉汤时，Emma 明确回答："Not yet. But I did try porridge with mutton once."（还没有，但我确实尝过一次羊肉粥）。因此，Emma 之前吃过的是Porridge with mutton（羊肉粥）。选项 A（羊肉汤）是 Tom 问的但 Emma 没尝过；选项 C（披萨）是 Tom 提议下次开会时带的，不是 Emma 吃过的。 第2题答案：A 解析：这是一道判断推理题。Tom 提到学校报告的要求时说："And we must obey the word limit—only 500 words."（我们必须遵守字数限制——只有500词）。由此可以推断，这份学校报告 has a strict word limit（有严格的字数限制）。选项 B（必须聚焦一个话题）与原文 "include different perspectives"（包含不同视角）矛盾；选项 C（需要更多研究者）对话中未提及，他们已经明确分工 "you research, I write"。 第3题答案：B 解析：这是一道主旨大意题。整段对话虽然以参观展览（portrait, pagoda）和食物（mutton, porridge）开头，但这些只是引出话题的背景。从 Tom 说 "By the way, the school asked us to organize a report..." 开始，对话的核心转向了学校报告的筹备：如何组织（organize）、保持中立（stay neutral）、包含不同视角（include different perspectives）、遵守字数限制（obey the word limit）、团队分工（you research, I write）、避免堆砌话题（don't pile too many topics）。因此，对话的主旨是 Planning a school report（规划一份学校报告）。选项 A（参观博物馆）是对话发生的场景，但不是核心主题；选项 C（尝试当地食物）只是对话中的次要细节。 录音文字材料 Tom: Emma, look at this old portrait! It shows a general famous for his patriotism. Emma: Amazing. And here's a model of an ancient pagoda. The architecture is truly a monument to history. Tom: Speaking of history, have you tried the mutton soup at the restaurant near the bakery museum? Emma: Not yet. But I did try porridge with mutton once. It was reasonably priced. Tom: By the way, the school asked us to organize a report on local culture. We need to stay neutral and include different perspectives. Emma: Right. There are numerous topics to choose from. We shouldn't offend any group. Tom: Exactly. And we must obey the word limit—only 500 words. That's a small obstacle. Emma: We can do it. Let's work as a team: you research, I write. Tom: Sounds good. Oh, and I'll bring some pizza for our next meeting. Emma: Ha! Just don't pile too many topics into one paragraph. 十二、语法填空 依境索词 Last week, our school organized a cultural fair. Each class had to organize an activity ___________ (perform) a theme. My class chose to focus on "traditions and modernization". We built a small model of an ancient pagoda as a monument ______ history. Beside it, we placed a portrait of a local hero known for his patriotism. To make it interactive, we decided to operate a simple food stall selling mutton soup and porridge, ______ we heated in a portable oven. The prices were modest, so everyone could afford a taste. One challenge was staying neutral when discussing different cultural __________ (perspective). We didn't want to offend anyone. My friend Tom suggested we modify our display to include a myth from the region, which ______ (add) a fascinating layer. There were numerous visitors, and the ___________ (orchestra) performance in the hall added to the festive mood. We also set up a small ping-pong area for fun. Seeing the pile of balls, I ___________ (remind) that every small effort contributes to the whole. We had to obey the school's safety rules, ______that was no obstacle. By the end, we ________ (feel) a sense of mutual achievement. Even a teacher dressed as a penguin for a photo! It was a day where tradition and fun met, ________ (prove) that mutual respect makes any event successful. Key: to perform/performing, to, which, perspectives, added, orchestra’s, was reminded, but , felt, proving 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届高三英语二轮复习新课标新增词全景解析与梯度训练 5 （原卷版） 一、音境锚定 听感塑义 modernization n. modest adj. modify v. monument n. mutton n. mutual adj. myth n. neutral adj. & n. numerous adj. bey v. obstacle n. offend v. operate v. orchestra n. organize v. oven n. packet n. pagoda n. pants n. patriotism n. penguin n. perform v. perspective n. pile n.& v. ping-pong n. pizza n. porridge n. portrait n. 二、定义+例子 境解词义 1. A myth is a traditional, sacred story, often from ancient times, that explains natural phenomena, cultural beliefs, or the origins of the world. Typically featuring gods, supernatural beings, or heroes, these narratives help explain the unknown. While sometimes used to mean a false belief, myths represent important cultural truths. 神话是一个传统的、神圣的故事，通常来自古代，用来解释自然现象、文化信仰或世界的起源。这些故事通常以神祇、超自然生物或英雄为主角，有助于解释未知事物。虽然有时“神话”一词被用来指代错误的信仰，但它们也代表着重要的文化真理。 2. Modernization is the process of updating, renovating, or transforming systems, societies, or infrastructure to adopt modern, efficient, and technologically advanced standards. It involves shifting from traditional or agrarian methods to industrialized, urbanized, and contemporary practices. 现代化是对系统、社会或基础设施进行更新、改造或转型，使其符合现代、高效和技术先进的标准的过程它涉及从传统或农业方法转向工业化、城市化和现代实践。 三、图片展示 见图明义 1. The Monument to the People's Heroes, standing upright in the center of the square, is not only a structure commemorating history but also a symbol of the unyielding spirit of the Chinese nation. 这座矗立在广场中央的人民英雄纪念碑，不仅是纪念历史的建筑，更是中华民族不屈精神的象征。 2. This restaurant is famous for its hand-pulled noodles served in a rich, flavorful mutton broth. 这家餐馆以其手拉面条配浓郁鲜美的羊肉汤而闻名。 3. The orchestra played Beethoven's Fifth Symphony with incredible passion. 这支管弦乐团以惊人的激情演奏了贝多芬的第五交响曲。 4. 烤箱是一个非常实用的厨房电器，能做的远不止烤肉和烤面包。 Oven is a very practical kitchen appliance that can do far more than just roast meat and bake bread. 5. 塔不仅是建筑物，更是佛教教义的立体象征。 A pagoda is not merely a building, but a three-dimensional symbol of Buddhist teachings. 6. She usually wears a dark blue pants and a white sweater. 她经常穿着一条深蓝色的裤子和一件白色毛衣。 7. Penguins are flightless birds that are excellent swimmers. 企鹅是一种不会飞但非常擅长游泳的鸟类。 8. 乒乓球在中国是一项非常受欢迎的运动，被誉为“国球”。 Table tennis (ping-pong) is a very popular sport in China and is renowned as the "national sport." 9. 谁能想到，比萨，这块源于意大利、原本只为填饱肚子的烤面饼，如今竟成了全球共享的快乐源泉——它不仅满足了我们对奶酪和碳水渴望，更是一人食用或朋友聚会时最没有负担的美味担当。 Who would have thought that pizza, baked flatbread, originating in Italy and originally meant only to fill stomachs, has now become a global source of shared happiness—it not only satisfies our cravings for cheese and carbohydrates but also serves as the most carefree delicious option for solo dining or gatherings with friends. 10. 在英国，许多人在寒冷的冬日早晨喜欢喝一碗加了蜂蜜或水果的热燕麦粥。 In the UK, many people enjoy a warm bowl of porridge with honey or fruit on cold winter mornings. 11. 他们家的壁炉上方挂着一幅巨大的全家福肖像。 A large family portrait hangs above the fireplace in their living room. 12. 横在马路上那棵倒下的树对司机来说是个巨大的障碍物。 The fallen tree across the road was a huge obstacle for drivers. 13. Could you please pass me a packet of sugar for my coffee? 你能递给我一小包咖啡用糖吗？ 14. 小女孩许愿的时候，夜空中无数颗星星正闪闪发光。 When the little girl made a wish, numerous stars were twinkling in the night sky. 四、视觉演绎 影载词义 1. The band will perform their latest hit song live on the show tonight. 这支乐队将在今晚的节目中现场表演他们的最新热门歌曲。 2. The surgeon will operate the robotic arm to precisely operate on the patient's heart. 外科医生将操作机械臂，为患者的心脏精确地动手术。 3. We had to modify our travel plans after the flight was canceled. 航班取消后，我们不得不修改旅行计划。 4. He decided to pile more books onto the already towering pile on his desk. 他决定再往桌上已经摇摇欲坠的那堆书上堆放更多的书。 5. I’m sorry if I said something to offend you; it was completely unintentional. 如果我说了什么冒犯你的话，我很抱歉，这完全是无意的。 6. In a well-functioning team, mutual aid among colleagues is essential for success. 在一个运作良好的团队中，同事之间的互相帮助对成功至关重要。 7. It is important for every citizen to obey the traffic laws to ensure safety on the road. 每个公民都应遵守交通法规，以确保道路安全，这一点非常重要。 五、一词成谜 抽丝解意 1. From horse and cart to rocket flight, From candles dim to LEDs bright. The world keeps changing, day and night, What’s the word for this new light? _______________ 2. Tall and still, in stone I stand, Honoring heroes of the land. People come from far and near, To remember those held dear. What am I ? _______________ 3. Gods and monsters, tales of old, Stories brave and stories bold. Not quite true but not all lies, Legends born from ancient skies. What am I ? _______________ 4. A rock in the road, a wall in your way, Something that stops you from play. You climb or jump or go around, On a racecourse it is found. What am I? _______________ 5. Violins and horns so grand, Drums and flutes played by hand. All together, they make a sound, On a stage, they gather ’round. What am I? _______________ 6. I rise in layers, tall and thin, With roofs that curl up with a grin. In Eastern gardens I am found, A peaceful tower touching ground. What am I? _______________ 7. Back and forth the small ball flies, Beneath the net and past your eyes. Two players hit with all their might, This sport is fast and full of light. What am I? _______________ 六、类比桥接 “比”类旁通 1. A soldier is to ________ as a leader is to command. 2. A road is to ________ as a race is to hurdle. 3. ________ is to one-sided as together is to alone. 4. ________ is to legend as fable is to tale. 5. Switzerland is to ________ as a judge is to impartial. 6. Stars are to ________ as sand is to countless. 7. A ________ is to remember as a gift is to celebrate. 8. An ________ is to a conductor as a ship is to a captain. 9. A ________ is to a painter as a photo is to a photographer. 10. An ________ is to bake as a stove is to boil. 11. A ________ is to sugar as a bottle is to water. 12. A ________ is to Antarctica as a camel is to a desert. 13. An actor is to ________ as a musician is to play. 14. ________ is to viewpoint as opinion is to belief. 15. ________ is to Italy as sushi is to Japan. 16. ________ is to breakfast as soup is to lunch. 17. ________ is to country as loyalty is to friend. 18. To ________ is to improve as to edit is to perfect. 19. To ________ is to a machine as to drive is to a car. 20. To ________ is to chaos as to clean is to dirt. 七、诗境通译 意象共现 1. 出门即有碍，谁谓天地宽。 孟郊 《赠别崔纯亮》 As soon as I step out, there are ________; who says the heavens and earth are vast? 2. 窈窕淑女，君子好逑。 《诗经·周南·关雎》 The ________, retiring, virtuous, young lady, for our prince a good mate she. 解析：此译文中，“窈窕”不仅指身材的美好，更指内心的贤淑。译者连用 modest (谦逊的、端庄的) 和 retiring (害羞的、内敛的) 等词，准确捕捉了古代淑女的气质。 八、英语谚语 语言精华 1. A ________ man is usually admired. 谦虚的人通常受人敬佩。 2. A ________ lasts a thousand years, but a good name lasts forever. 纪念碑存千年，好名声传万代。 3. ________ trust is the foundation of friendship. 相互信任是友谊的基础。 4. Truth becomes ________ as time passes. 随着时间的推移，真理变成了神话。 5. In a storm, there is no ________ ground. 风暴之中，没有中立之地。 6. ________ drops make a flood. 无数水滴汇成洪流。 7. He who cannot ________ cannot command. 不懂服从的人，无法指挥他人。 8. Every ________ is a stepping stone to success. 每一个障碍都是通往成功的垫脚石。 9. Better to ________ the tongue than the heart. 宁可冒犯舌头，不要伤害心灵。 10. A fool ________ with his hands, a wise man with his head. 愚者用手操作，智者用脑思考。 11. ________ your mind before you organize your life. 先整理好你的思想，再整理你的生活。 12. A watched ________ never boils. 心急烧不开水。（盯着烤箱，它永远不会熟） 13. Good things come in small ________. 好东西往往在小包装里。 14. Change your ________, change your life. 改变视角，改变人生。 15. Life is like a ________ — even when it's bad, it's still pretty good. 人生就像披萨——就算不好吃，也还挺不错。。（现代幽默谚语） 16. Too many cooks spoil the ________. 厨师多了煮坏粥。（三个和尚没水喝； 艄公多了要翻船） 17. Every ________ painted with feeling is a portrait of the artist, not the sitter.每一幅带着感情画出的肖像，画的都是画家自己，而不是模特。 九、完成句子 语境固词 1. To remember the great poet, the city built a stone ________ (纪念碑) in the central square. (为了纪念这位伟大的诗人，城市在中央广场建造了一座石制纪念碑。) 2. According to ancient Greek ________ (神话), Zeus was the king of all gods. (根据古希腊神话，宙斯是众神之王。) 3. Switzerland is famous for its long-standing policy of remaining ________ (中立的) in international conflicts. (瑞士以其在国际冲突中长期保持中立的政策而闻名。) 4. There are ________ (无数的) reasons why regular exercise is beneficial to your health. (有无数个理由说明为什么定期锻炼对你的健康有益。) 5. As a disciplined soldier, you must instantly ________ (服从) any order given by your commanding officer. (作为一名有纪律的士兵，你必须立即服从指挥官给出的任何命令。) 6. Lack of confidence can be a major ________ (障碍) to achieving your career goals. (缺乏自信可能是在实现职业目标过程中的一个主要障碍。) 7. The city's ________ (管弦乐队) will perform a symphony by Beethoven at the concert hall tonight. (这座城市的管弦乐队今晚将在音乐厅演奏贝多芬的交响曲。) 8. She preheated the ________ (烤箱) to 200 degrees Celsius before putting the cake in to bake. (在把蛋糕放进去烤之前，她把烤箱预热到了200摄氏度。) 9. To make the drink sweeter, he tore open a small ________ (小包) of sugar and poured it in. (为了让饮料更甜，他撕开一小包糖倒了进去。) 10. Defending the honor of one's country in the Olympics is a powerful expression of ________ (爱国主义). (在奥运会上捍卫祖国的荣誉是爱国主义的强烈表达。) 11. The ________ (企鹅) waddled across the ice to join the rest of its colony. (那只企鹅摇摇摆摆地走过冰面，去和它群体的其他成员会合。) 12. Seeing the problem from a child's ________ (视角) can help you understand their reaction better. (从一个孩子的视角来看问题，能帮助你更好地理解他们的反应。) 13. He told his son to stop adding books to the already unsteady ________ (堆) on his desk. (他告诉儿子不要再往书桌上那摇摇欲坠的书堆上堆放书了。) 14. For breakfast, many people in that region eat a bowl of hot ________ (粥) to start the day. (在那个地区，许多人早餐会吃一碗热粥来开始新的一天。) 15. The artist was commissioned to paint a ________ (肖像) of the company's founder. (这位艺术家受委托为公司创始人画一幅肖像。) 十、词性转换 以一驭万 1. Our goal is to ________ the factory, achieving full __________ to become a truly modern facility. (modern) 我们的目标是使工厂现代化，完成全面现代化，成为真正现代的设施。 2. She lived in a modest apartment, yet her ________ shone through as she ________ declined the praise. (modest) 她住在一间不大的公寓里，然而当她谦虚地拒绝赞美时，她的谦逊品格熠熠生辉。 3. The chef decided to modify the recipe; after the ________, the main ________ was the amount of salt, making the ingredients more ________ for dietary needs, resulting in a ________ version. (modify) 厨师决定修改食谱；修改后，主要的修改因素是盐的用量，这使得食材更易于根据饮食需求进行调整，最终形成了一个改良版。 4. Their mutual respect grew into a deep ________; this relationship, a perfect example of ________, proved ________ beneficial for both. (mutual) 他们相互的尊重发展成了一种深厚的相互关系；这种关系是互利共生的完美例证，被证明对双方都是互惠的。 5. The country remained neutral during the conflict, its ________ ensured by the ____________ of border threats, as it worked to ________ any danger and viewed all parties ________. (neutral) 这个国家在冲突期间保持中立，其中立地位通过边境威胁的消除得以确保，因为他们致力于化解任何危险，并中立地看待所有各方。 6. The soldier must obey every command with absolute ________; as an ________ citizen of the nation, he acts ________ without hesitation. (obey) 士兵必须绝对服从每一个命令；作为国家服从的仆人，他毫不犹豫地顺从地行动。 7. He didn't mean to offend anyone, but his comment was taken as an ________; as a first-time ________, he apologized for his ________ remark, which had been made ________without thinking. (offend) 他并非有意冒犯任何人，但他的话却被视为一种冒犯；作为初犯者，他为自己无礼的言论道歉，那些话是未经思考冒犯性地说出的。 8. The new ________ learned to operate the machine during its first ________; once fully ________, the key ________word was safety. (operate) 新的操作员在机器首次运行期间学会了如何操作它；一旦全面投入使用，关键的有效词就是安全。 9. The chief ________ helped organize the event for the non-profit ________; her ________ skills were _____________ essential to its success. (organize) 首席组织者帮助这家非营利组织筹办了此次活动；她的组织能力在组织层面对活动的成功至关重要。 10. The talented ________ will perform a breathtaking ________ tonight; her act is not just art but a ________ statement on freedom. (perform) 这位才华横溢的表演者今晚将呈现一场震撼人心的演出；她的表演不仅是艺术，更是关于自由的表述性宣言。 十一、对话巩固 只为一词 Dialogue 1 1. What word are Lucy and Mark discussing? A. Humble. B. Modest. C. Shy. 2. What can we infer about David? A. He is shy. B. He lives in a small house. C. He is a good team player. 3. What is the main purpose of the conversation? A. To explain the meaning of a word. B To compare two classmates. C. To describe a novel. Dialogue 2 1. How many uses of "perspective" does Ben explain? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 2. What does "put things in perspective" help people do? A. Draw better pictures. B. Express personal opinions. C. Understand what really matters. 3. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Different meanings of a word. B. Movie preferences of friends. C. How to draw realistically. Dialogue 3 1. What did Emma try eating before? A. Mutton soup B. Porridge with mutton C. Pizza 2. What can we infer about the school report? A. It has a strict word limit. B. It must focus on one topic. C. It needs more researchers. 3. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Visiting a museum B. Planning a school report C. Trying local foods 十二、语法填空 依境索词 Last week, our school organized a cultural fair. Each class had to organize an activity ___________ (perform) a theme. My class chose to focus on "traditions and modernization". We built a small model of an ancient pagoda as a monument ______ history. Beside it, we placed a portrait of a local hero known for his patriotism. To make it interactive, we decided to operate a simple food stall selling mutton soup and porridge, ______ we heated in a portable oven. The prices were modest, so everyone could afford a taste. One challenge was staying neutral when discussing different cultural __________ (perspective). We didn't want to offend anyone. My friend Tom suggested we modify our display to include a myth from the region, which ______ (add) a fascinating layer. There were numerous visitors, and the ___________ (orchestra) performance in the hall added to the festive mood. We also set up a small ping-pong area for fun. Seeing the pile of balls, I ___________ (remind) that every small effort contributes to the whole. We had to obey the school's safety rules, ______that was no obstacle. By the end, we ________ (feel) a sense of mutual achievement. Even a teacher dressed as a penguin for a photo! It was a day where tradition and fun met, ________ (prove) that mutual respect makes any event successful. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $