688高考高频核心词汇+考点讲解+单句语法填空（648-688）导学案-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

688高考高频核心词汇+考点讲解+单句语法填空（648-688） 648 decisive [dɪˈsaɪsɪv] adj.决定性的 例句：The last goal was decisive in winning the championship. 考点1：常见搭配：decisive factor（决定性因素）；decisive moment（关键时刻）；decisive action（果断行动）。 考点2：派生词：decide（v. 决定）；decision（n. 决定）；decisively（adv. 果断地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The team played a __________ (decide) role in the final match. 2. She answered the question __________ (decisive) and confidently. 649 retain [rɪˈteɪn] v.保持，保留 例句：The company wants to retain its top employees by offering good benefits. 考点1：常见搭配：retain control（保持控制）；retain memory（保留记忆）；retain water（保水）。 考点2：近义词：keep, maintain；派生词：retention（n. 保留，保持）。 单句语法填空： 1. The old house has __________ (retain) much of its original charm. 2. The __________ (retain) of information is important for learning. 650 retreat [rɪˈtriːt] n.减少，撤退；v.撤退 例句：The army was forced to retreat after suffering heavy losses. 考点1：常见搭配：retreat from（从……撤退）；beat a retreat（打退堂鼓）；retreat into oneself（变得沉默寡言）。 考点2：近义词：withdraw；派生词：retreater（n. 撤退者）。 单句语法填空： 1. The troops made a strategic __________ (retreat) to avoid being surrounded. 2. He __________ (retreat) into his own world and refused to talk to anyone. 651 miserable [ˈmɪzrəbl] adj.悲惨的 例句：The homeless children lived a miserable life on the streets. 考点1：常见搭配：miserable conditions（悲惨的条件）；feel miserable（感到痛苦）；miserable failure（惨败）。 考点2：派生词：misery（n. 痛苦，悲惨）；miserably（adv. 悲惨地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (miserable) of the refugees was heart-breaking. 2. She failed the exam __________ (miserable) despite studying hard. 652 illusion [ɪˈluːʒn] n.错觉 例句：The mirror creates an illusion that the room is larger than it is. 考点1：常见搭配：optical illusion（视错觉）；under the illusion that（误以为……）；shatter an illusion（打破幻想）。 考点2：近义词：delusion；派生词：illusory（adj. 虚幻的）。 单句语法填空： 1. He was under the __________ (illusive) that he could succeed without effort. 2. The magician's tricks created amazing __________ (illusion) for the audience. 653 numerous [ˈnjuːmərəs] adj.许多的 例句：Numerous studies have shown the benefits of regular exercise. 考点1：常见搭配：numerous times（无数次）；numerous people（许多人）；numerous difficulties（许多困难）。 考点2：近义词：many, a great number of；派生词：numerousness（n. 大量）。 单句语法填空： 1. There are __________ (numerous) reasons why we should protect the environment. 2. The __________ (numerous) of the stars in the sky is breathtaking. 654 defect [ˈdiːfekt] n.缺陷 例句：The car was recalled because of a safety defect in the brakes. 考点1：常见搭配：genetic defect（遗传缺陷）；serious defect（严重缺陷）；defect in（在……方面的缺陷）。 考点2：派生词：defective（adj. 有缺陷的）；defectively（adv. 有缺陷地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The product was found to be __________ (defect) and was withdrawn from sale. 2. The __________ (defect) in his character made it hard for him to make friends. 655 deliberately [dɪˈlɪbərətli] adv.故意地 例句：He deliberately ignored my question to avoid answering it. 考点1：常见搭配：act deliberately（故意行动）；deliberately misleading（故意误导）；deliberately break the law（故意违法）。 考点2：近义词：on purpose, intentionally；派生词：deliberate（adj. 故意的，深思熟虑的）。 单句语法填空： 1. She made a __________ (deliberate) decision to quit her job and travel. 2. The company __________ (deliberate) hid the truth from the public. 656 democratic [ˌdeməˈkrætɪk] adj.民主的 例句：The country has a democratic system where people can vote for their leaders. 考点1：常见搭配：democratic society（民主社会）；democratic process（民主进程）；democratic rights（民主权利）。 考点2：派生词：democracy（n. 民主）；democrat（n. 民主党人）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (democracy) of the country is based on the will of the people. 2. The decision was made in a __________ (democratic) way, with everyone's input. 657 demolition [ˌdeməˈlɪʃn] n.破坏，毁坏 例句：The demolition of the old building made way for a new park. 考点1：常见搭配：demolition of a building（拆除建筑物）；controlled demolition（受控爆破）；demolition work（拆除工作）。 考点2：派生词：demolish（v. 拆除，破坏）；demolisher（n. 破坏者）。 单句语法填空： 1. The old factory was __________ (demolish) to make room for new housing. 2. The __________ (demolition) of the historic building caused public outrage. 658 boundary [ˈbaʊndəri] n.边界，分界线 例句：The river forms the natural boundary between the two countries. 考点1：常见搭配：cross the boundary（跨越边界）；set a boundary（设定界限）；boundary between（……之间的界限）。 考点2：近义词：border, limit；派生词：bound（v. 形成边界）。 单句语法填空： 1. The fence marks the __________ (bound) of our property. 2. The two countries have agreed to respect each other's __________ (boundary). 659 slim [slɪm] adj.苗条的；v.变苗条 例句：She has a slim figure and looks great in everything she wears. 考点1：常见搭配：slim chance（渺茫的机会）；slim down（变瘦，缩减）；slim waist（纤细的腰）。 考点2：近义词：thin, slender；派生词：slimness（n. 苗条）。 单句语法填空： 1. He is trying to __________ (slim) by eating less and exercising more. 2. The __________ (slim) of the model was admired by many. 660 abnormal [æbˈnɔːml] adj.不正常的 例句：The test results showed an abnormal level of sugar in his blood. 考点1：常见搭配：abnormal behavior（异常行为）；abnormal weather（反常天气）；abnormal growth（异常生长）。 考点2：反义词：normal；派生词：abnormality（n. 异常）；abnormally（adv. 异常地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (abnormality) in the data was a cause for concern. 2. The child's development was __________ (abnormal) and required medical attention. 661 abundant [əˈbʌndənt] adj.丰富的 例句：The region is abundant in natural resources like oil and gas. 考点1：常见搭配：abundant in（在……方面丰富）；abundant harvest（丰收）；abundant opportunities（丰富的机会）。 考点2：近义词：plentiful, rich；派生词：abundance（n. 丰富）；abundantly（adv. 丰富地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The country has an __________ (abundance) of natural beauty. 2. The food was __________ (abundant) and delicious at the feast. 662 persist [pəˈsɪst] v.坚持(in) 例句：Despite the difficulties, she persisted in pursuing her dream. 考点1：常见搭配：persist in（坚持做某事）；persist with（继续做某事）；persist despite（尽管……仍坚持）。 考点2：派生词：persistence（n. 坚持）；persistent（adj. 坚持的，持续的）。 单句语法填空： 1. His __________ (persist) finally paid off and he achieved his goal. 2. The rain __________ (persist) throughout the day, making the roads wet. 663 cherish [ˈtʃerɪʃ] v.珍爱 例句：I cherish the memories of the time I spent with my grandparents. 考点1：常见搭配：cherish life（珍爱生命）；cherish friendship（珍惜友谊）；cherish the moment（珍惜此刻）。 考点2：近义词：treasure, value；派生词：cherishable（adj. 值得珍惜的）。 单句语法填空： 1. She __________ (cherish) the gift from her best friend for many years. 2. The __________ (cherish) of family is an important value in many cultures. 664 lately [ˈleɪtli] adv.最近 例句：I haven't seen him lately; I wonder where he's been. 考点1：常见搭配：lately used（最近使用的）；lately discovered（最近发现的）；lately developed（最近开发的）。 考点2：近义词：recently；注意：lately常用于现在完成时或一般过去时。 单句语法填空： 1. I have been feeling tired __________ (late) because of work stress. 2. The __________ (late) news from the front is very worrying. 665 exclaim [ɪkˈskleɪm] v.呼喊 例句："What a beautiful view!" she exclaimed when she saw the mountains. 考点1：常见搭配：exclaim in surprise（惊讶地呼喊）；exclaim with joy（高兴地大叫）；exclaim at（对……表示惊讶）。 考点2：派生词：exclamation（n. 呼喊，感叹）；exclamatory（adj. 感叹的）。 单句语法填空： 1. He let out a loud __________ (exclaim) when he saw the snake. 2. "I can't believe it!" she __________ (exclaim) in shock. 666 lighten [ˈlaɪtn] v.照亮 例句：The fireworks lit up the sky and lightened the dark night. 考点1：常见搭配：lighten the mood（缓和气氛）；lighten the load（减轻负担）；lighten up（放松，不要严肃）。 考点2：派生词：light（adj. 轻的，明亮的）；lightness（n. 明亮，轻盈）。 单句语法填空： 1. The joke helped to __________ (light) the tense atmosphere in the room. 2. The __________ (lighten) of the sky signaled the start of a new day. 667 conscience [ˈkɒnʃəns] n.良心 例句：He couldn't in good conscience accept the money without working for it. 考点1：常见搭配：clear conscience（问心无愧）；guilty conscience（内疚）；have a conscience（有良心）。 考点2：派生词：conscientious（adj. 认真的，有良心的）；conscientiously（adv. 认真地）。 单句语法填空： 1. She is a __________ (conscience) worker who always does her best. 2. His __________ (conscience) troubled him after he lied to his parents. 668 time-consuming [ˈtaɪmkənsjuːmɪŋ] adj.耗费时间的 例句：Writing a book is a time-consuming process that requires a lot of patience. 考点1：常见搭配：time-consuming task（耗时的任务）；time-consuming project（耗时的项目）；time-consuming activity（耗时的活动）。 考点2：构词法：time + consuming（消耗）→ 耗费时间的。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (time-consume) process of making the cake was worth it. 2. The job is very __________ (time-consuming) and requires working long hours. 669 ambiguous [æmˈbɪɡjuəs] adj.模棱两可的 例句：The politician's statement was ambiguous and left many people confused. 考点1：常见搭配：ambiguous answer（模棱两可的回答）；ambiguous situation（模糊的情况）；ambiguous meaning（模糊的意思）。 考点2：反义词：clear, definite；派生词：ambiguity（n. 模棱两可）；ambiguously（adv. 模棱两可地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (ambiguity) in the contract led to a dispute. 2. The instructions were __________ (ambiguous) and difficult to follow. 670 applause [əˈplɔːz] n.鼓掌 例句：The audience gave the performer a thunderous applause at the end of the show. 考点1：常见搭配：win applause（赢得掌声）；round of applause（一阵掌声）；applause for（对……的掌声）。 考点2：派生词：applaud（v. 鼓掌，称赞）；applaudable（adj. 值得称赞的）。 单句语法填空： 1. The crowd __________ (applaud) loudly when the team scored the winning goal. 2. The __________ (applause) from the audience was deafening. 671 assemble [əˈsembl] v.聚集 例句：The students assembled in the hall to listen to the principal's speech. 考点1：常见搭配：assemble a team（组建团队）；assemble parts（组装零件）；assemble evidence（收集证据）。 考点2：派生词：assembly（n. 集会，组装）；assembler（n. 汇编程序，组装工）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (assemble) of the new car took several hours. 2. The workers __________ (assemble) in the factory to start their shift. 672 attain [əˈteɪn] v.获得 例句：Through hard work and dedication, she attained her goal of becoming a doctor. 考点1：常见搭配：attain success（获得成功）；attain a degree（获得学位）；attain maturity（达到成熟）。 考点2：近义词：achieve, gain；派生词：attainment（n. 获得，成就）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (attain) of his dream was a moment of great joy. 2. He __________ (attain) a high level of proficiency in the language. 673 vacant [ˈveɪkənt] adj.空的 例句：There is a vacant position in the company that you could apply for. 考点1：常见搭配：vacant seat（空座位）；vacant room（空房间）；vacant mind（空虚的头脑）。 考点2：近义词：empty, unoccupied；派生词：vacancy（n. 空缺，空房）；vacantly（adv. 茫然地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (vacancy) in the management team needs to be filled soon. 2. The house has been __________ (vacant) for several months. 674 deceive [dɪˈsiːv] v.欺骗 例句：He deceived his friends by pretending to be someone he wasn't. 考点1：常见搭配：deceive sb. into doing sth.（欺骗某人做某事）；deceive oneself（自欺欺人）；deceive with（用……欺骗）。 考点2：派生词：deception（n. 欺骗）；deceptive（adj. 欺骗性的）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (deceive) of the public by the company led to a scandal. 2. The appearance of the product was __________ (deceive) and it didn't work as advertised. 675 bankrupt [ˈbæŋkrʌpt] adj.破产的 例句：The company went bankrupt after losing a major contract. 考点1：常见搭配：go bankrupt（破产）；declare bankrupt（宣布破产）；bankrupt of（缺乏……）。 考点2：派生词：bankruptcy（n. 破产）；bankruptly（adv. 破产地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (bankruptcy) of the business was a shock to everyone. 2. The company was __________ (bankrupt) and had to close its doors. 676 restrain [rɪˈstreɪn] v.抑制 例句：She had to restrain herself from shouting at him in anger. 考点1：常见搭配：restrain from（抑制自己不做某事）；restrain emotions（抑制情绪）；restrain growth（抑制增长）。 考点2：派生词：restraint（n. 抑制，约束）；restrained（adj. 克制的）。 单句语法填空： 1. He showed great __________ (restrain) in not reacting to the insult. 2. The police __________ (restrain) the suspect and took him into custody. 677 resume [rɪˈzjuːm] n.简历；v.继续 例句：After the break, we will resume our discussion on the new project. 考点1：常见搭配：resume work（恢复工作）；resume studies（继续学业）；send a resume（发送简历）。 考点2：注意：名词resume意为“简历”，动词resume意为“继续”。 单句语法填空： 1. She sent her __________ (resume) to several companies for job applications. 2. The meeting __________ (resume) after a short coffee break. 678 revenge [rɪˈvendʒ] v.报复；n.报复 例句：He wanted to take revenge on the people who had betrayed him. 考点1：常见搭配：take revenge（报复）；in revenge for（为了报复……）；revenge oneself on（向……报复）。 考点2：派生词：revengeful（adj. 报复心强的）；revengefully（adv. 报复地）。 单句语法填空： 1. His __________ (revengeful) actions caused more harm than good. 2. She __________ (revenge) herself on her ex-boyfriend by spreading rumors about him. 679 revive [rɪˈvaɪv] v.复苏 例句：The doctor managed to revive the patient after he had a heart attack. 考点1：常见搭配：revive the economy（复苏经济）；revive a tradition（复兴传统）；revive from（从……中苏醒）。 考点2：派生词：revival（n. 复苏，复兴）；revivable（adj. 可复苏的）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (revival) of the local economy was a slow process. 2. The old play was __________ (revive) and became a hit on Broadway. 680 modify [ˈmɒdɪfaɪ] v.修饰，更改 例句：The teacher asked me to modify my essay to make it more clear. 考点1：常见搭配：modify a plan（修改计划）；modify behavior（改变行为）；modify the law（修改法律）。 考点2：派生词：modification（n. 修改，更改）；modifiable（adj. 可修改的）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (modification) of the software fixed several bugs. 2. We need to __________ (modify) our approach to the problem. 681 obesity [əʊˈbiːsəti] n.肥胖 例句：Obesity is a major health problem that can lead to many diseases. 考点1：常见搭配：childhood obesity（儿童肥胖）；obesity rate（肥胖率）；obesity epidemic（肥胖流行病）。 考点2：派生词：obese（adj. 肥胖的）；obesely（adv. 肥胖地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (obese) man decided to start a diet and exercise plan. 2. The rise in __________ (obesity) is linked to unhealthy eating habits. 682 delete [dɪˈliːt] v.删除 例句：I accidentally deleted an important email from my inbox. 考点1：常见搭配：delete a file（删除文件）；delete a message（删除信息）；delete from memory（从记忆中删除）。 考点2：近义词：remove, erase；派生词：deletion（n. 删除）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (deletion) of the old files freed up space on the computer. 2. She __________ (delete) the photo from her phone to forget the memory. 683 volatile [ˈvɒlətaɪl] adj.不稳定的，易变的 例句：The stock market is volatile and can change quickly. 考点1：常见搭配：volatile market（波动的市场）；volatile emotions（不稳定的情绪）；volatile substance（易挥发的物质）。 考点2：派生词：volatility（n. 挥发性，不稳定性）；volatileness（n. 易变）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (volatility) of the situation made it hard to predict the outcome. 2. The chemical is highly __________ (volatile) and must be handled carefully. 684 bound [baʊnd] adj.必定的(to) 例句：If you don't study, you are bound to fail the exam. 考点1：常见搭配：be bound to（必定，一定）；be bound up with（与……密切相关）；bound for（前往……）。 考点2：注意：bound也可作动词，意为“跳跃”或“形成边界”。 单句语法填空： 1. The train is __________ (bound) for Paris and will arrive in three hours. 2. His success is __________ (bound) to happen because of his hard work. 685 worthwhile [ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl] adj.值得(做)的 例句：It was worthwhile spending so much time on the project because the results were great. 考点1：常见搭配：it is worthwhile to do sth.（做某事是值得的）；worthwhile effort（值得的努力）；worthwhile cause（有价值的事业）。 考点2：近义词：deserving, valuable；注意：worthwhile可作表语或定语。 单句语法填空： 1. The experience was __________ (worthwhile) and taught me a lot. 2. It is __________ (worthwhile) to invest in education for the future. 686 overwhelm [ˌəʊvəˈwelm] v.打击，压倒 例句：She was overwhelmed by the amount of work she had to do. 考点1：常见搭配：be overwhelmed with（被……压倒）；overwhelm the opposition（击败对手）；overwhelm with emotion（情绪激动）。 考点2：派生词：overwhelming（adj. 压倒性的）；overwhelmingly（adv. 压倒性地）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (overwhelming) majority of voters supported the new law. 2. The team was __________ (overwhelm) by the stronger opponents. 687 simulate [ˈsɪmjuleɪt] v.假装，模仿 例句：The computer program can simulate the effects of climate change. 考点1：常见搭配：simulate a situation（模拟情况）；simulate an accident（模拟事故）；simulate interest（假装感兴趣）。 考点2：派生词：simulation（n. 模拟，模仿）；simulator（n. 模拟器）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (simulation) of the flight helped the pilot prepare for emergencies. 2. He __________ (simulate) interest in the conversation to be polite. 688 simultaneously [ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəsli] adv.同时地 例句：The two events happened simultaneously, making it hard to focus on both. 考点1：常见搭配：happen simultaneously（同时发生）；work simultaneously（同时工作）；speak simultaneously（同时说话）。 考点2：派生词：simultaneous（adj. 同时的）；simultaneity（n. 同时性）。 单句语法填空： 1. The __________ (simultaneous) arrival of the two guests caused a stir. 2. The team members worked __________ (simultaneous) on different parts of the project. 参考答案 1. decisive; decisively 2. retained; retention 3. retreat; retreated 4. misery; miserably 5. illusion; illusions 6. numerous; numerousness 7. defective; defect 8. deliberate; deliberately 9. democracy; democratic 10. demolished; demolition 11. boundary; boundaries 12. slim; slimness 13. abnormality; abnormal 14. abundance; abundant 15. persistence; persisted 16. cherished; cherishing 17. lately; latest 18. exclamation; exclaimed 19. lighten; lightening 20. conscientious; conscience 21. time-consuming; time-consuming 22. ambiguity; ambiguous 23. applauded; applause 24. assembly; assembled 25. attainment; attained 26. vacancy; vacant 27. deception; deceptive 28. bankruptcy; bankrupt 29. restraint; restrained 30. resume; resumed 31. revengeful; revenged 32. revival; revived 33. modification; modify 34. obese; obesity 35. deletion; deleted 36. volatility; volatile 37. bound; bound 38. worthwhile; worthwhile 39. overwhelming; overwhelmed 40. simulation; simulated 41. simultaneous; simultaneously 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $