Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元话题（发明与创造）选词填空进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版五四制）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元话题（发明与创造）选词填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 A．lift   B．spread   C． light   D．hang   E. roots   F. tied The Origin of Kites Many believe the first kite was inspired by birds. People observed birds flying and tried to create a 1 object shaped like one, hoping it would soar in the sky. Others think kites came from Chinese children playing under a catalpa tree. Its seed pods (种子荚) have “wings” that help them 2 far. Watching the wind 3 the pods, the children got the idea to make their own flying objects. A Chinese legend tells of a farmer whose hat kept blowing away. To solve this, he 4 a string to his hat. When the wind took it, he simply pulled the string to retrieve it. Like the 5 of many inventions, kites were born from everyday experiences and observing nature. Keep exploring the world—you might invent something amazing too. 从方框中选择合适的单词填入空格内使文章完整，有两项为多余选项。 A．apply  B．to warn  C．to help  D．noticed  E.congratulations   F.invented  G.hoped 17-year-old Shantanu Gangwar 1 a problem. Blind students at school had a hard time moving around. They wished to have a smart machine 2 them about the objects in their way, so Shantanu decided to make something to help. He 3 a smart walking stick. It can sense objects nearby and shake to warn the user. Shantanu won an award and received many 4 for his invention. However, he wanted to do it even better. He also hoped to 5 it to real life after finishing high school. “We can produce a lot of these sticks and help more blind people,” he said. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A．made of   B．inventions  C． successfully  D．picture  E. ideas Benjamin Franklin invented many things that made people’s lives easier. One of his earlier 1 was paddles for swimmers. Ben had wondered if there were tools that could help people swim faster. He thought hard and a 2 of swimming paddles grew in his mind. Then he began to work on paddles without wasting time. A few days later, a pair of paddles 3 wood were done. He tried them out in the water, and they worked. He had 4 created a new tool to improve swimming. Today, they are usually made of plastic or silicone and come in different shapes and sizes. A．eagerly  B．developed  C． conditions  D．extremely  E. object  F. map Did you know that there are many other kinds of robots? Let’s meet some of these “bots” and see what they do. Social robots are very popular. Engineers 1 a robot called Pepper. It can recognise human emotions and even change its behaviour to match the mood of the person it is interacting with. Pepper could tell stories, play games, and was so popular that it sold out in just one minute! Medical robots are 2 important. With a medical robot, a doctor can operate on a patient from several feet away. The robot makes surgery more accurate and helps doctors deal with difficult medical 3 better. Domestic robots—robots that help clean your house—are also popular. Many robots can vacuum the floor for you. The Botvac, for example, uses lasers to scan and 4 a room before choosing the best way to clean it. If it meets a/an 5 , it goes around it. And if you don’t like gardening, the Robomow will cut the grass for you, keeping your lawn tidy. What will future “bots” do next? Maybe they will help in schools, farms, or even under the sea. A．skin     B．invention     C．method     D．discovery     E.afford When you hold a book in your hands, please stop and think. It is the result of thousands of years of human 1 . First came the invention of writing. With it, people didn’t have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people they never saw and share their knowledge with others. Later, the Greeks invented books with lots of pages to replace scrolls (卷轴). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal 2 . That changed in the thirteenth century. The Chinese invented the 3 of making paper. After that, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. The invention of the printing press made it possible for more people to 4 books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more stories are bought as e-books and read on a screen. 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 A．to    B．in    C． work    D．but    E. a    F. of Mountain Tai is a famous place in Tai’an, Shandong. In 2023, over 8 million people visited there. Tourists create lots 1 rubbish (垃圾) each year here. So cleaners there have to carry the rubbish down the mountain on their backs. It’s difficult 2 clean the road. That’s why the robot dogs come in! In October, a robot dog had 3 job of carrying rubbish at Mountain Tai. The robot dog can carry more rubbish than people do. It can reach the top of the mountain in two hours, 4 people need to spend 4 hours doing it. The robot dog can 5 for four to six hours on a full charge (充电). 阅读下面语篇，从方框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 A．so   B．needed   C． largest   D．but   E. countries   F. already     Now we enjoy TV shows on color TVs. But do you wonder when, why, and how the world got the first color TV? The idea of color TV 1 came out in 1904. About 20 years later, many people talked about the idea again. But no real color TVs were made at that time. Between 1946 and 1950, some smart people at RCA Laboratories made the world’s first color TV, 2 they weren’t the first to start trying to do it. Later in 1953, color TVs were cheaper and more and more people started using them. And at that time, TV shows were in black and white. China started using TVs in 1958. China made TVs earlier than other 3 . China’s first color TV came out in December,1970. And in 1987, China was the world’s biggest TV maker. Now the 4 TV screen in China can be over 250 cm and many people can buy it at good prices. But in the past, a TV with a 76-cm screen 5 a lot of money. Thanks to the scientists’ hard work, we can now enjoy big screens and TV shows with vivid (生动的) pictures. 将方框中所给词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 wonderful invent of easy weigh We live a simple and modern life today. Here are many kinds of interesting 1 for you. Do your shoes get wet when it rains? Of course, they do. We have special shoes for you. You can buy these Clever Umbrellas for Shoes. They keep the rain off your feet. Do you talk too long on the phone? To save time, you can buy the Exercise Telephone. It 2 five kilos. Then your calls will be less than five minutes because it is too heavy to carry. Are you afraid 3 the dark? Lighted Slippers let you see in the dark! If it is dark, the powerful LED lights will be on. Is it 4 ? Now you can 5 walk with hands free in dark areas. A．work   B．technology   C． difference   D．form   E. project   F. factory China has made history with a new power generator (发电机) called “Chaotan-1”. On December 20, a new energy 1 was first used in “Chaotan-1”. This generator is built at a local 2 . It uses CO₂ instead of water to produce electricity. This makes a great 3 from the old way. For over 100 years, most generators heated water into steam to make machines 4 and produce electricity. Scientists explained how it works. When CO₂ is heated, it changes into a special 5 . It is as dense as liquid but flows as easily as gas. This helps the generator work much more efficiently. A．great   B．reduce   C． advantages   D．less   E. provides   F. fields “Chaotan-1” is now used in a traditional power station in Guangzhou. Compared with traditional generators, “Chaotan-1” has many 6 . It can produce 50% more electricity and uses 50% 7 space. It helps save energy and 8 pollution. Chinese scientists have worked on this technology for over 10 years. In the future, it may be used in more 9 like solar power stations. The successful operation of “Chaotan-1” 10 a new way for the world to produce clean electricity and fight climate change. It shows China’s strength in new energy research. 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 machine  ,    possible ,    quite,    build  ,     instead of  ,   reach All great ideas begin with thoughts. The Wright brothers were 1 interested in the idea of flying when they were young. 2 just dreaming, they took action. They made up their minds to 3 a plane. Although others thought that was 4 , they tested a lot and learned from every failure. In 1903, they succeeded. That shows how imagination and curiosity can encourage people to 5 their dreams. Take a moment to list the things you really like. These are things that lead you towards your own dreams. A flying 6 is a very simple thing when you understand it. 能力综合实践5篇 选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 A．exactly    B．look up    C． manage    D．programs        E. simply CHATBOTS—What they do and why they matter Chatbots are changing the way customers interact with businesses. Think about this, instead of clicking on link on a company’s website, you could 1 type a question and get an immediate customized answer. Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots. Chatbots are computer 2 that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps or on websites. Chatbots can 3 information, answer frequently asked questions (FAQs) and collect information from users. They can be used to 4 payments for online shopping, to help users decide what they want to buy and to make appointments. A．correctly     B．follows    C． mainly     D．responses        E. wider There are two types of chatbots: open and closed. A closed chatbot 5 instructions, which may or may not involve using AI (artificial intelligence) to understand users’ messages. An open chatbot uses AI both to tell what users want and to make 6 . Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and improve their ability to communicate over time. This means that open chatbots can respond to a 7 range of requests for information, compared with closed chatbots. Chatting with them feels more natural, but if they have not been 8 trained, users may have a bad experience with them. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。 help   recently   without   start   daily Some people are born with red-green color blindness. That means that they see normally but can’t tell the difference between red and green. This causes problems in their 1 life, especially with traffic lights. 2 , scientists made special glasses which have special filters (滤光器). Wearing them 3 color-blind people to see the difference between red and green.“Though they still cannot see these colors as well as people 4 color blindness, the fact that they can see the difference is a great 5 ,” a scientist said. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词填一次) A．imagine    B．eventually    C． latest    D．engine     E. connected The Instant Auto-Translator, or the IAT, will be in shops in the next week or so. It is the 1 product from Pineapple Intelligence. The IAT is an incredible piece of technology that will change the world we live in. The idea is very simple. The IAT takes what you say and instantly translates it into another language. At the moment, the IAT has 15 languages to choose from, but 2 it will be able to translate into any living language. Just 3 you are a Spanish-speaker talking to a Swedish before you say it. It is 4 directly to your brain so it doesn’t need to hear what you are saying. You don’t need to speak—it translates what you are thinking. The Swedish-speaker will hear everything in Swedish. If they also have an IAT, they can talk back to you in Spanish. A．conversation    B．useful    C． expensive    D．apart from    E. partly How does it work? The IAT links with your brain using Wi-Fi. All you need to do is to have a small Wi-Fi chip put into your brain. Lots of people already have one—they are quite common these days and are not very 5 .Does it work well? Here at the New Tech Magazine, we have tried the IAT and it works quite well. We found there were a few translation problems, but not too many. We tried translating from Japanese into English first. It used the word chicken instead of kitchen. But 6 that, it worked well. Then we tried translating from French into Greek and found that it didn’t have Greek as a language choice yet.Is it easy to use? It takes some time to get used to using it. When two people are having a 7 using IATs, it is quite strange at first. You have to think what you want to say, which is quite different when compared to just saying exactly what it is that you want to say.Should I buy it? If you travel a lot, you will find it very 8 . But we think you should wait until it has more language before you buy one. With its current price set at $599, it’s a good idea to see if it will become cheaper over time. 将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 A．traditional  B．various  C． styles  D．difficulties  E. forward AI is one of the most significant technological breakthroughs of our time. And now-whether for better or for worse-it is steadily making its way into children’s schools. Cottesmore School, a prestigious preparatory school in the United Kingdom, has taken things a step 1 . It has become the first school in the world to appoint (任命) an AI robot as its “principal head teacher.” The robot even has a name: Abigail Bailey. Created in partnership with an AI developer, Abigail was designed to perform 2 school leadership tasks. Much like ChatGPT, the online AI language model developed by OpenAI, Abigail relies on an understanding of machine learning and educational management to do her job. So far, Abigail has already helped head teacher Tom Rogerson with a wide range of duties. Rogerson hopes she will be able to support teachers in the classroom, assist pupils with learning 3 , and even help draft school policies. “We are stepping into the future while holding onto (坚持) the core (核心的) values of 4 education,” he explained. A．replace  B．website  C． subject  D．group  E. individual The robot has also made her presence known on the school’s 5 , where parents usually go online to check updates, news, and announcements. There, she introduces herself as the new principal head teacher and outlines her vision for the future. In addition, pupils at Cottesmore have each been given their own personalized AI robots to support their 6 learning styles. Calling AI a “world-changing technology,” Rogerson emphasized the importance of preparing pupils to work together with it. Still, he made one thing clear: AI is not here to 7 teachers. The use of AI in classrooms has been the 8 of heated debate in recent months. Yet for now, it seems that more schools are beginning to embrace the technology with open arms. 将下列单词或词组的编号填入空格，每空格限填一词，每个单词或词组只能填一次。 A．finally B．appeared C． machines D．showed E. larger The helicopter is an unusual and useful machine. It can fly straight up in the air and stay in the place. People wished for such a machine for many years before it was 1 invented. The helicopters appeared in France back in the 1700s. A few years later, an English scientist, Sir George Cayley, tried to use steam engines to run 2 helicopters. For more than a hundred years, people tried to make helicopters big enough for people to fly in. By 1910, Igor Sikorsky 3 the world two such helicopters. These 4 flew, but they did little more than fly straight up and down. It was not until 1940 that Sikorsky finally made a real, practical helicopter. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 7 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元话题（发明与创造）选词填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 A．lift   B．spread   C． light   D．hang   E. roots   F. tied The Origin of Kites Many believe the first kite was inspired by birds. People observed birds flying and tried to create a 1 object shaped like one, hoping it would soar in the sky. Others think kites came from Chinese children playing under a catalpa tree. Its seed pods (种子荚) have “wings” that help them 2 far. Watching the wind 3 the pods, the children got the idea to make their own flying objects. A Chinese legend tells of a farmer whose hat kept blowing away. To solve this, he 4 a string to his hat. When the wind took it, he simply pulled the string to retrieve it. Like the 5 of many inventions, kites were born from everyday experiences and observing nature. Keep exploring the world—you might invent something amazing too. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文主要讲述了风筝的起源。 1．句意：人们观察鸟类飞行，并试图创造一个形状像鸟的轻型物体，希望它能在天空中翱翔。根据“hoping it would soar in the sky”可知，创造一个形状像鸟的轻型物体，light“轻的”，故选C。 2．句意：它的种子荚有“翅膀”，可以帮助它们传播到远处。根据“Its seed pods (种子荚) have ‘wings’ that...”可知，它的种子荚有“翅膀”，帮助它们传播到远处。spread“传播”，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，故选B。 3．句意：看着风把种子荚吹起来，孩子们产生了制作自己的飞行物体的想法。watch sb do sth“观看某人做某事”；根据“Its seed pods (种子荚) have ‘wings’ that...”可知，风举起种子荚使其飞行。lift“举起”，故选A。 4．句意：为了解决这个问题，他在帽子上系了一根绳子。tie sth to sth“把某物系在某物上”，故选F。 5．句意：就像许多发明的根源一样，风筝是从日常经验和观察自然中诞生的。根据“kites were born from everyday experiences and observing nature”可知，风筝源于日常经验，类似发明的根源，roots“根源”，故选E。 从方框中选择合适的单词填入空格内使文章完整，有两项为多余选项。 A．apply  B．to warn  C．to help  D．noticed  E.congratulations   F.invented  G.hoped 17-year-old Shantanu Gangwar 1 a problem. Blind students at school had a hard time moving around. They wished to have a smart machine 2 them about the objects in their way, so Shantanu decided to make something to help. He 3 a smart walking stick. It can sense objects nearby and shake to warn the user. Shantanu won an award and received many 4 for his invention. However, he wanted to do it even better. He also hoped to 5 it to real life after finishing high school. “We can produce a lot of these sticks and help more blind people,” he said. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．F 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了17岁的Shantanu Gangwar注意到盲人学生行动不便的问题，于是发明了一种智能盲人手杖来帮助他们，并希望将来能将其应用到现实生活中的励志故事。 1．句意：17 岁的Shantanu Gangwar注意到了一个问题。根据“Blind students at school had a hard time moving around.”可知，Shantanu Gangwar发现学校里的盲人学生在行动时很困难。noticed“注意到”，符合语境。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填D。 2．句意：他们希望有一台智能机器提醒他们注意路上的障碍物，于是Shantanu决定做些东西来帮忙。根据“…about the objects in their way”可知，这台机器的功能是提醒或警告盲人注意障碍物。to warn是warn的不定式，意为“去警告”，作后置定语修饰machine，符合语境。warn sb. about sth.意为“警告某人某事”。故填B。 3．句意：他发明了一根智能拐杖，它可以感知附近的物体，并通过震动提醒使用者。根据“Shantanu decided to make something to help. He…a smart walking stick.”可知，Shantanu Gangwar决定做一些事情来帮助盲人学生，因此发明了一根智能拐杖。invented“发明”，符合语境。句子时态为一般过去时，应用一般过去时。故填F。 4．句意：Shantanu凭借这项发明赢得了一个奖项，还收到了许多祝贺。根据“won an award”可知，赢得了奖项之后，随之而来的应该是他人的赞誉。congratulations“祝贺”，符合语境。many修饰可数名词复数。故填E。 5．句意：他还希望高中毕业后能把这项发明应用到现实生活中。根据“…it to real life”可知，此处表示把这项发明应用到现实生活中。固定搭配apply…to …，意为“把……应用到……”。apply“应用”，符合语境。hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”，应填动词原形。故填A。 Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A．made of   B．inventions  C． successfully  D．picture  E. ideas Benjamin Franklin invented many things that made people’s lives easier. One of his earlier 1 was paddles for swimmers. Ben had wondered if there were tools that could help people swim faster. He thought hard and a 2 of swimming paddles grew in his mind. Then he began to work on paddles without wasting time. A few days later, a pair of paddles 3 wood were done. He tried them out in the water, and they worked. He had 4 created a new tool to improve swimming. Today, they are usually made of plastic or silicone and come in different shapes and sizes. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了本杰明·富兰克林的一项早期发明——游泳桨。 1．句意：他的早期发明之一是游泳桨。根据“Benjamin Franklin invented many things that made people’s lives easier.”可知，此处是说他的一个发明，备选词inventions“发明”符合语境，one of后接名词复数。故选B。 2．句意：他苦苦思索，脑海中浮现出游泳桨的画面。根据“a...of swimming paddles grew in his mind”可知，此处是说脑海中浮现出游泳桨的图片，备选词picture“图片；脑海中的情景”符合语境，a后加可数名词单数。故选D。 3．句意：几天后，一副木制游泳桨完成了。根据“a pair of paddles...wood”可知，此处是说木制游泳桨，备选词made of“由……制成”符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：他成功地创造了一种改进游泳的新工具。根据“He tried them out in the water, and they worked.”可知，此处是说成功地创造了一种新工具，备选词successfully“成功地”符合语境，修饰动词created。故选C。 A．eagerly  B．developed  C． conditions  D．extremely  E. object  F. map Did you know that there are many other kinds of robots? Let’s meet some of these “bots” and see what they do. Social robots are very popular. Engineers 1 a robot called Pepper. It can recognise human emotions and even change its behaviour to match the mood of the person it is interacting with. Pepper could tell stories, play games, and was so popular that it sold out in just one minute! Medical robots are 2 important. With a medical robot, a doctor can operate on a patient from several feet away. The robot makes surgery more accurate and helps doctors deal with difficult medical 3 better. Domestic robots—robots that help clean your house—are also popular. Many robots can vacuum the floor for you. The Botvac, for example, uses lasers to scan and 4 a room before choosing the best way to clean it. If it meets a/an 5 , it goes around it. And if you don’t like gardening, the Robomow will cut the grass for you, keeping your lawn tidy. What will future “bots” do next? Maybe they will help in schools, farms, or even under the sea. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文介绍了社交机器人、医疗机器人和家用机器人这几种不同类型的机器人的功能与特点，并展望了未来机器人的应用场景。 1．句意：工程师们研发了一款名为Pepper的机器人。根据后文“It can recognise human emotions”结合备选词可知，此处指工程师研发了这款机器人，developed意为“研发，开发”，是develop的过去式。故填B。 2．句意：医疗机器人极其重要。根据后文“With a medical robot, a doctor can operate on a patient from several feet away.”结合备选词可知，此处指医疗机器人极其重要，extremely意为“极其，非常”，是副词，用来修饰形容词important。故填D。 3．句意：机器人让手术更精准，还能帮助医生更好地应对复杂的医疗状况。根据前文“helps doctors deal with difficult medical”结合备选词可知，此处指应对复杂的医疗状况，conditions意为“状况，情况”，是condition的复数形式。故填C。 4．句意：例如Botvac机器人会用激光扫描并绘制房间地图，之后再选择最佳清洁路径。根据前文“uses lasers to scan and”结合备选词可知，此处指扫描并绘制房间地图，map意为“绘制……的地图”，此处与scan并列，用动词原形。故填F。 5．句意：如果它遇到障碍物，就会绕开它。根据后文“it goes around it”结合备选词可知，此处指遇到障碍物，object意为“物体，障碍物”，前面有不定冠词，用名词单数。故填E。 A．skin     B．invention     C．method     D．discovery     E.afford When you hold a book in your hands, please stop and think. It is the result of thousands of years of human 1 . First came the invention of writing. With it, people didn’t have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people they never saw and share their knowledge with others. Later, the Greeks invented books with lots of pages to replace scrolls (卷轴). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal 2 . That changed in the thirteenth century. The Chinese invented the 3 of making paper. After that, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. The invention of the printing press made it possible for more people to 4 books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more stories are bought as e-books and read on a screen. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了书籍的发展历史，从文字的发明、卷轴到纸质书籍，再到印刷术的出现，以及电子书的兴起，展现了人类发明如何推动知识传播和阅读方式的变化。 1．句意：它是人类数千年发明的结果。根据“First came the invention of writing.”可知，下文提到了文字的发明、书籍的出现等，因此这里指的是人类的“发明”。方框中invention意为“发明”，符合语境。故填B。 2．句意：在一千多年的时间里，书籍的书页是由动物皮制成的。根据“the pages of books were made from animal...”可知，这里指古代书页的制作材料是动物皮，方框中skin意为“皮；皮肤”，符合语境，animal skin表示“动物皮”。故填A。 3．句意：中国人发明了造纸的方法。根据“The Chinese invented the... of making paper”可知，这里指发明了造纸的方法，方框中method意为“方法”，符合语境，the method of making paper表示“造纸的方法”。故填C。 4．句意：印刷机的发明使更多的人能够买得起书成为可能。根据“Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive.”可知，之前的书很贵，印刷术发明后书变得更便宜，因此更多的人可以“买得起”。方框中afford意为“买得起；承担得起”，符合语境。 故填E。 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 A．to    B．in    C． work    D．but    E. a    F. of Mountain Tai is a famous place in Tai’an, Shandong. In 2023, over 8 million people visited there. Tourists create lots 1 rubbish (垃圾) each year here. So cleaners there have to carry the rubbish down the mountain on their backs. It’s difficult 2 clean the road. That’s why the robot dogs come in! In October, a robot dog had 3 job of carrying rubbish at Mountain Tai. The robot dog can carry more rubbish than people do. It can reach the top of the mountain in two hours, 4 people need to spend 4 hours doing it. The robot dog can 5 for four to six hours on a full charge (充电). 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了泰山的游客垃圾问题，以及机器狗在泰山承担运垃圾工作的情况。 1．句意：游客每年在这里制造大量垃圾。“lots of”是固定短语，意为“大量的”，结合选项应选of。故填F。 2．句意：清理道路很困难。“It’s difficult to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事很困难”，结合选项应选 to。故填A。 3．句意：10 月，一只机器狗在泰山承担了运垃圾的工作。“job”是可数名词单数，此处表示“一份工作”，需用不定冠词a修饰，结合选项应选a。故填E。 4．句意：它能在两小时内到达山顶，但人类需要花4小时做这件事。此处表转折关系，结合选项应选but。故填D。 5．句意：机器狗充满电后可以工作4到6小时。“can”后接动词原形，“work”意为“工作”，结合选项应选work。故填C。 阅读下面语篇，从方框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 A．so   B．needed   C． largest   D．but   E. countries   F. already     Now we enjoy TV shows on color TVs. But do you wonder when, why, and how the world got the first color TV? The idea of color TV 1 came out in 1904. About 20 years later, many people talked about the idea again. But no real color TVs were made at that time. Between 1946 and 1950, some smart people at RCA Laboratories made the world’s first color TV, 2 they weren’t the first to start trying to do it. Later in 1953, color TVs were cheaper and more and more people started using them. And at that time, TV shows were in black and white. China started using TVs in 1958. China made TVs earlier than other 3 . China’s first color TV came out in December,1970. And in 1987, China was the world’s biggest TV maker. Now the 4 TV screen in China can be over 250 cm and many people can buy it at good prices. But in the past, a TV with a 76-cm screen 5 a lot of money. Thanks to the scientists’ hard work, we can now enjoy big screens and TV shows with vivid (生动的) pictures. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了彩色电视发展史。 1．句意：彩色电视的概念在1904年就已经提出。根据“About 20 years later, many people talked about the idea again.”可知后面提到20年后，许多人们再次讨论了这个概念，因此此处应表明已经出现。F选项“已经”，符合语境。故选F。 2．句意：但是他们不是最早尝试做这事的人。根据“Between 1946 and 1950, some smart people at RCA Laboratories made the world’s first color TV,”可知前面提到RCA实验室的人制造出世界首台彩色电视，因此此处应表转折，D选项“但是”，符合语境。故选D。 3．句意：中国生产电视比其他国家早。根据“China made TVs earlier than other…”可知，other后接可数名词复数，E选项“国家”，符合语境。故选E。 4．句意：中国最大的电视屏幕可以超过250厘米。根据“Now the…TV screen”可知此处缺少形容词，修饰名词，C选项“最大的”，符合语境。故填C。 5．句意：但在过去，一台76厘米屏幕的电视需要很多钱。根据“a TV with a 76-cm screen… a lot of money.”可知，此处缺少动词,B选项“需要”，符合语境。故填B。 将方框中所给词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 wonderful invent of easy weigh We live a simple and modern life today. Here are many kinds of interesting 1 for you. Do your shoes get wet when it rains? Of course, they do. We have special shoes for you. You can buy these Clever Umbrellas for Shoes. They keep the rain off your feet. Do you talk too long on the phone? To save time, you can buy the Exercise Telephone. It 2 five kilos. Then your calls will be less than five minutes because it is too heavy to carry. Are you afraid 3 the dark? Lighted Slippers let you see in the dark! If it is dark, the powerful LED lights will be on. Is it 4 ? Now you can 5 walk with hands free in dark areas. 【答案】1．inventions 2．weighs 3．of 4．wonderful 5．easily 【导语】本文介绍了三种有趣的现代发明。 1．句意：这里有很多有趣的发明。根据“Here are many kinds of interesting...”及所给单词可知，是有很多有趣的发明，invent“发明”，动词，空处形容词修饰，用名词形式invention“发明”，many修饰用可数名词复数形式。故填inventions。 2．句意：它重五公斤。根据“five kilos”可知，是重五公斤，weigh“重”，时态为一般现在时，主语it为单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填weighs。 3．句意：你害怕黑暗吗？be afraid of“害怕”，固定搭配，空处用介词of。故填of。 4．句意：这很棒吗？根据“Lighted Slippers let you see in the dark! If it is dark, the powerful LED lights will be on.”及所给单词可知，鞋能让你在黑暗中看到东西，这太棒了，用wonderful“太棒了”，形容词作表语。故填wonderful。 5．句意：现在，您可以在黑暗区域解放双手轻松地行走。根据“walk with hands free in dark areas.”及所给单词可知，是在黑暗中轻松行走，修饰动词walk用easy的副词形式easily“轻松地”。故填easily。 A．work   B．technology   C． difference   D．form   E. project   F. factory China has made history with a new power generator (发电机) called “Chaotan-1”. On December 20, a new energy 1 was first used in “Chaotan-1”. This generator is built at a local 2 . It uses CO₂ instead of water to produce electricity. This makes a great 3 from the old way. For over 100 years, most generators heated water into steam to make machines 4 and produce electricity. Scientists explained how it works. When CO₂ is heated, it changes into a special 5 . It is as dense as liquid but flows as easily as gas. This helps the generator work much more efficiently. A．great   B．reduce   C． advantages   D．less   E. provides   F. fields “Chaotan-1” is now used in a traditional power station in Guangzhou. Compared with traditional generators, “Chaotan-1” has many 6 . It can produce 50% more electricity and uses 50% 7 space. It helps save energy and 8 pollution. Chinese scientists have worked on this technology for over 10 years. In the future, it may be used in more 9 like solar power stations. The successful operation of “Chaotan-1” 10 a new way for the world to produce clean electricity and fight climate change. It shows China’s strength in new energy research. 【答案】 1．B 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．F 10．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我国新型发电机“超碳一号”的工作原理、优势及应用前景，展现了我国在新能源领域的技术突破。 1．句意：12月20日，一项新能源技术首次在“超碳一号”中投入使用。根据“China has made history with a new power generator (发电器) called ‘Chaotan-1’.”，“a new energy ... was first used”和备选词可知，前文提到新型发电机，此处应指一项新能源技术在“超碳一号”中首次投入使用，technology“技术”符合语境。故选B。 2．句意：这台发电机是在当地一家工厂制造的。根据“built at a local ...”和备选词可知，此处应表示这台发电机是在当地一家工厂制造的，factory“工厂”符合语境。故选F。 3．句意：这与旧的发电方式有很大不同。根据“It uses CO₂ instead of water to produce electricity.”和备选词可知，这台发电机使用二氧化碳代替水来发电，这与传统的发电方式有很大不同，make a great difference“与……有很大不同”，固定搭配，difference“差异”符合语境。故选C。 4．句意：100多年来，大多数发电机都是将水加热成蒸汽来驱动机器运转并发电。根据“most generators heated water into steam to make machines ... and produce electricity”和备选词可知，此处应指大多数发电机将水加热成蒸汽来驱动机器运转，work“运转”符合语境。故选A。 5．句意：当二氧化碳被加热时，它会变成一种特殊的形态。根据“It is as dense as liquid but flows as easily as gas.”和备选词可知，此处应指二氧化碳被加热时会变成像液体一样稠密，又像气体一样易流动的特殊形态，form“形态”符合语境。故选D。 6．句意：与传统发电机相比，“超碳一号”有很多优势。根据“It can produce 50% more electricity and uses 50% ... space.”和备选词可知，“超碳一号”发电量增加50%、占用空间减少50%，此处应表示其有诸多优势，advantages“优势”符合语境。故选C。 7．句意：它能多产生50%的电力，且占用空间减少50%。根据“It can produce 50% more electricity”和备选词可知，此处描述“超碳一号”的优点，应指它能够发更多的电，占用更少的空间，less“更少的”符合语境。故选D。 8．句意：它有助于节约能源并减少污染。根据“save energy”和备选词可知，此处应指“超碳一号”有助于节约资源和减少污染，reduce“减少”符合语境。故选B。 9．句意：未来，它可能会在更多领域如太阳能电站中得到应用。根据“may be used in more ... like solar power stations”和备选词可知，此处应指这种技术可能会在更多领域中得到应用，fields“领域”符合技术推广的语境。故选F。 10．句意：“超碳一号”的成功运行为世界提供了一种生产清洁能源、应对气候变化的新途径。根据“a new way for the world”和备选词可知，此处应指为世界提供了一种新途径，provides“提供”符合语境。故选E。 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 machine  ,    possible ,    quite,    build  ,     instead of  ,   reach All great ideas begin with thoughts. The Wright brothers were 1 interested in the idea of flying when they were young. 2 just dreaming, they took action. They made up their minds to 3 a plane. Although others thought that was 4 , they tested a lot and learned from every failure. In 1903, they succeeded. That shows how imagination and curiosity can encourage people to 5 their dreams. Take a moment to list the things you really like. These are things that lead you towards your own dreams. A flying 6 is a very simple thing when you understand it. 【答案】1．quite 2．Instead of 3．build 4．impossible 5．reach 6．machine 【导语】本文通过讲述莱特兄弟不空想、勇于行动，克服他人质疑最终制造出飞机、实现飞行梦想的故事。 1．句意：莱特兄弟年轻时对飞行的想法相当感兴趣。结合所给词语和“interested in the idea of flying when they were young”可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰“interested”，表示感兴趣的程度，“quite”表示“相当”，符合语境，故填quite。 2．句意：他们没有只是空想，而是采取了行动。结合所给词语和“just dreaming, they took action”可知，此处指没有只是空想，而是采取了行动，“instead of”表示“而不是”，符合语境，故填Instead of。 3．句意：他们下定决心制造一架飞机。结合所给词语和“a plane”以及语境可知，此处表示建造飞机，“build”表示“建造”，符合语境，不定式符号to后用动词原形，故填build。 4．句意：尽管其他人认为那是不可能的，但他们进行了很多测试并从每次失败中学习。结合所给词语和“Although others thought that was...”以及语境可知，此处表示其他人认为建造飞机是不可能的，“possible”表示“可能的”，其否定形式“impossible”表示“不可能的”，符合语境，故填impossible。 5．句意：那展示了想象力和好奇心如何鼓励人们实现他们的梦想。结合所给词语和“their dreams”以及语境可知，此处表示实现梦想，“reach”表示“达到，实现”，符合语境，“encourage sb. to do sth.”表示“鼓励某人做某事”，所以用动词原形，故填reach。 6．句意：当你理解时，飞行机器是一件非常简单的东西。结合所给词语和“A flying...”以及语境可知，此处表示飞行机器，“machine”表示“机器”，符合语境，前面有不定冠词“a”，所以用单数形式，故填machine。 能力综合实践5篇 选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 A．exactly    B．look up    C． manage    D．programs        E. simply CHATBOTS—What they do and why they matter Chatbots are changing the way customers interact with businesses. Think about this, instead of clicking on link on a company’s website, you could 1 type a question and get an immediate customized answer. Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots. Chatbots are computer 2 that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps or on websites. Chatbots can 3 information, answer frequently asked questions (FAQs) and collect information from users. They can be used to 4 payments for online shopping, to help users decide what they want to buy and to make appointments. A．correctly     B．follows    C． mainly     D．responses        E. wider There are two types of chatbots: open and closed. A closed chatbot 5 instructions, which may or may not involve using AI (artificial intelligence) to understand users’ messages. An open chatbot uses AI both to tell what users want and to make 6 . Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and improve their ability to communicate over time. This means that open chatbots can respond to a 7 range of requests for information, compared with closed chatbots. Chatting with them feels more natural, but if they have not been 8 trained, users may have a bad experience with them. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．E 8．A 【导语】本文讲述了聊天机器人的功能、分类和利弊。 1．句意：想想看，你可以简单地键入一个问题并立即得到定制的答案，而不是点击公司网站上的链接。根据“you could…type a question and get an immediate customized answer.”可知，这里是你可以简单地键入一个问题，simply意为“简单地”。故选E。 2．句意：聊天机器人是一种计算机程序，可以通过电话、消息应用程序或网站与人类进行通信。根据“that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps or on websites.”可知，聊天机器人是一种计算机程序，programs意为“程序”。故选D。 3．句意：聊天机器人可以查找信息、回答常见问题和收集用户信息。根据“information, answer frequently asked questions (FAQs) and collect information from users.”可知，这里指聊天机器人可以查找信息，look up意为“查找”。故选B。 4．句意：它们可以用来管理网上购物的付款，帮助用户决定他们想买什么以及预约。根据“payments for online shopping,”可知，这里是它们可以用来管理网上购物的付款，manage意为“管理”。故选C。 5．句意：封闭式聊天机器人遵循指令，可能涉及也可能不涉及使用人工智能来理解用户的信息。根据“instructions, which may or may not involve using AI (artificial intelligence) to understand users’ messages.”可知，这里是封闭式聊天机器人遵循指令，follows意为“遵循”。故选B。 6．句意：开放式聊天机器人使用人工智能来告诉用户想要什么，并做出回应。根据“tell what users want and to make….”可知，这里是做出回应， responses意为“响应”。故选D。 7．句意：这意味着，与封闭式聊天机器人相比，开放式聊天机器人可以响应更广泛的信息请求。根据“open chatbots can respond to a…range of requests for information,”可知，这里指开放式聊天机器人可以响应更广泛的信息请求。wider意为“更广的”。故选E。 8．句意：与他们聊天感觉更自然，但如果他们没有得到正确地训练，用户可能会对他们有不好的体验。根据“users may have a bad experience with them.”可知，这里是如果他们没有得到正确的训练，correctly意为“正确地”。 故选A。 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。 help   recently   without   start   daily Some people are born with red-green color blindness. That means that they see normally but can’t tell the difference between red and green. This causes problems in their 1 life, especially with traffic lights. 2 , scientists made special glasses which have special filters (滤光器). Wearing them 3 color-blind people to see the difference between red and green.“Though they still cannot see these colors as well as people 4 color blindness, the fact that they can see the difference is a great 5 ,” a scientist said. 【答案】1．daily 2．Recently 3．allows 4．without 5．help 【导语】本文讲述了一些人天生患有红绿色盲，在日常生活尤其是交通信号灯识别上存在问题。最近科学家制作出带有特殊滤光器的眼镜，能帮助色盲患者分辨红绿色，虽仍不如正常人，但能分辨颜色差异已是很大进步。 1．句意：这在他们的日常生活中造成了问题，尤其是在交通信号灯方面。根据“This causes problems in their”可知，这里需填形容词修饰life。daily life意为“日常生活”，符合语境。故填daily。 2．句意：最近，科学家们制作出了带有特殊滤光器的特殊眼镜。根据“scientists made special glasses which have special filters (滤光器).”可知，空格处需填写副词作时间状语。recently“最近”，副词，符合语境。故填Recently。 3．句意：佩戴它们能让色盲患者分辨出红色和绿色的差异。根据“color-blind people to see the difference between red and green.”可知，这里表示眼镜能让色盲患者做到分辨颜色差异这件事，allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，主语Wearing them是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填allows。 4．句意：尽管他们仍然不能像没有色盲的人那样清楚地看到这些颜色。根据“color blindness”可知，这里指代“没有色盲的人”，without意思是“没有”。故填without。 5．句意：但他们能分辨出差异这一事实是一个很大的进步。根据“the fact that they can see the difference is a great”可知，这里表示“很大的帮助/进步”。help作名词时，意思是“帮助；益处”。故填help。 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词填一次) A．imagine    B．eventually    C． latest    D．engine     E. connected The Instant Auto-Translator, or the IAT, will be in shops in the next week or so. It is the 1 product from Pineapple Intelligence. The IAT is an incredible piece of technology that will change the world we live in. The idea is very simple. The IAT takes what you say and instantly translates it into another language. At the moment, the IAT has 15 languages to choose from, but 2 it will be able to translate into any living language. Just 3 you are a Spanish-speaker talking to a Swedish before you say it. It is 4 directly to your brain so it doesn’t need to hear what you are saying. You don’t need to speak—it translates what you are thinking. The Swedish-speaker will hear everything in Swedish. If they also have an IAT, they can talk back to you in Spanish. A．conversation    B．useful    C． expensive    D．apart from    E. partly How does it work? The IAT links with your brain using Wi-Fi. All you need to do is to have a small Wi-Fi chip put into your brain. Lots of people already have one—they are quite common these days and are not very 5 .Does it work well? Here at the New Tech Magazine, we have tried the IAT and it works quite well. We found there were a few translation problems, but not too many. We tried translating from Japanese into English first. It used the word chicken instead of kitchen. But 6 that, it worked well. Then we tried translating from French into Greek and found that it didn’t have Greek as a language choice yet.Is it easy to use? It takes some time to get used to using it. When two people are having a 7 using IATs, it is quite strange at first. You have to think what you want to say, which is quite different when compared to just saying exactly what it is that you want to say.Should I buy it? If you travel a lot, you will find it very 8 . But we think you should wait until it has more language before you buy one. With its current price set at $599, it’s a good idea to see if it will become cheaper over time. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文讲述了Pineapple Intelligence公司即将推出的新产品——即时自动翻译器的功能、工作原理、使用体验以及购买建议。 1．句意：它是Pineapple Intelligence的最新产品。根据“The Instant Auto-Translator, or the IAT, will be in shops in the next week or so.”可知，IAT是Pineapple Intelligence的最新产品。latest“最新的”符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：目前，IAT有15种语言可供选择，但最终它将能够翻译成任何现存的语言。根据“At the moment, the IAT has 15 languages to choose from, but...it will be able to translate into any living language.”结合备选词可知，这里表示它最终会支持更多语言。eventually“最终”，符合语境。故选B。 3．句意：在你开口之前，想象一下你是一个说西班牙语的人和一个瑞典人交谈。根据“Just...you are a Spanish-speaker talking to a Swedish before you say it.”结合备选词可知，这里表示想象这个场景。imagine“想象”，符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：它直接连接到你的大脑，因此不需要听到你说的话。根据“It is...directly to your brain so it doesn’t need to hear what you are saying.”结合备选词可知，这里表示IAT直接连接到大脑。connected“连接的”，符合语境。故选E。 5． 句意：很多人已经有了——现在很常见，而且不太贵。根据“they are quite common these days”结合备选词可知，这里表示Wi-Fi芯片不贵。expensive“昂贵的”，符合语境。故选C。 6． 句意：但除此之外，它运行得很好。根据“We found there were a few translation problems, but not too many…But...that, it worked well.”结合备选词可知，这里表示除了这个小错误之外，其他都很好。apart from“除了”，符合语境。故选D。 7．句意：当两个人使用IAT进行对话时，起初会觉得很奇怪。根据“When two people are having a...using IATs, it is quite strange at first.”结合备选词可知，这里指的是使用IAT进行对话时。conversation“对话”，符合语境。故选A。 8．句意：如果你经常旅行，你会发现它非常有用。根据“If you travel a lot, you will find it very...”结合备选词可知，这里表示IAT有用。useful“有用的”，符合语境。故选B。 将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 A．traditional  B．various  C． styles  D．difficulties  E. forward AI is one of the most significant technological breakthroughs of our time. And now-whether for better or for worse-it is steadily making its way into children’s schools. Cottesmore School, a prestigious preparatory school in the United Kingdom, has taken things a step 1 . It has become the first school in the world to appoint (任命) an AI robot as its “principal head teacher.” The robot even has a name: Abigail Bailey. Created in partnership with an AI developer, Abigail was designed to perform 2 school leadership tasks. Much like ChatGPT, the online AI language model developed by OpenAI, Abigail relies on an understanding of machine learning and educational management to do her job. So far, Abigail has already helped head teacher Tom Rogerson with a wide range of duties. Rogerson hopes she will be able to support teachers in the classroom, assist pupils with learning 3 , and even help draft school policies. “We are stepping into the future while holding onto (坚持) the core (核心的) values of 4 education,” he explained. A．replace  B．website  C． subject  D．group  E. individual The robot has also made her presence known on the school’s 5 , where parents usually go online to check updates, news, and announcements. There, she introduces herself as the new principal head teacher and outlines her vision for the future. In addition, pupils at Cottesmore have each been given their own personalized AI robots to support their 6 learning styles. Calling AI a “world-changing technology,” Rogerson emphasized the importance of preparing pupils to work together with it. Still, he made one thing clear: AI is not here to 7 teachers. The use of AI in classrooms has been the 8 of heated debate in recent months. Yet for now, it seems that more schools are beginning to embrace the technology with open arms. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．E 7．A 8．C 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了人工智能（AI）在英国著名预备学校科茨莫尔学校的应用情况，包括任命AI机器人为“校长”、为学生配备个性化AI机器人等，同时阐述了学校对AI与传统教育、教师角色关系的看法。 1．句意：英国著名的预备学校科茨莫尔学校向前推进了一步。根据“It has become the first school in the world to appoint (任命) an AI robot as its ‘principal head teacher.’”可知，该校在AI应用方面比以往或其他学校更进了一步，“take a step forward”为固定短语，意为“向前迈一步”。故填E。 2．句意：艾比盖尔是与一家AI开发商合作打造的，旨在执行各种学校管理任务。根据“So far, Abigail has already helped head teacher Tom Rogerson with a wide range of duties.”可知，AI机器人的任务涵盖多个方面，“various”意为“各种各样的”，符合语境，修饰复数名词“tasks”。故填B。 3．句意：罗杰森希望她能在课堂上支持教师，帮助学生解决学习困难，并甚至协助起草学校政策。结合常识，学生在学习过程中可能会遇到难题，AI机器人可提供相关帮助，“difficulties”意为“困难”，为复数形式，对应“a wide range of duties”中“各类职责”的语境。故填D。   4．句意：“我们正步入未来，同时坚守传统教育的核心价值观。”他解释道。根据“We are stepping into the future while holding onto (坚持) the core (核心的) values ”可知，此处指的是长期以来形成的传统教育理念，“traditional”意为“传统的”，修饰名词“education”。故填A。 5．句意：该机器人还在学校的网站上亮相，家长们通常会上网查看最新消息、新闻和通知。根据“parents usually go online to check...”可知，家长是通过网络平台获取信息，“website”意为“网站”，符合“线上查看信息”的语境。故填B。 6．句意：此外，科茨莫尔学校的学生每人都得到了自己的个性化AI机器人，以支持他们各自的学习方式。根据“personalized”可知，AI机器人是针对每个学生不同的学习特点提供支持，“individual”意为“个人的、各自的”，修饰名词“learning styles”。故填E。 7．句意：尽管如此，他明确表示：AI并非来取代教师。根据“Rogerson emphasized the importance of preparing pupils to work together with it”可知，AI的角色是协作而非替代，“replace”意为“取代、代替”，符合语境，且“be here to do sth”后接动词原形。故填A。 8．句意：近几个月来，课堂上使用AI一直是激烈争论的话题。结合常识，AI进入课堂是一个引发广泛讨论的热点话题，“subject”在此处意为“话题、主题”，“the subject of heated debate”表示“激烈争论的话题”。故填C。 将下列单词或词组的编号填入空格，每空格限填一词，每个单词或词组只能填一次。 A．finally B．appeared C． machines D．showed E. larger The helicopter is an unusual and useful machine. It can fly straight up in the air and stay in the place. People wished for such a machine for many years before it was 1 invented. The helicopters appeared in France back in the 1700s. A few years later, an English scientist, Sir George Cayley, tried to use steam engines to run 2 helicopters. For more than a hundred years, people tried to make helicopters big enough for people to fly in. By 1910, Igor Sikorsky 3 the world two such helicopters. These 4 flew, but they did little more than fly straight up and down. It was not until 1940 that Sikorsky finally made a real, practical helicopter. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了直升机的发明历史。 1．句意：在这种机器最终被发明出来之前，人们盼望了很多年。结合“before it was…invented”和备选项可知，句子缺少副词，finally“最后”，副词，作状语，符合语境。故选A。 2．句意：几年后，英国科学家乔治·凯利爵士尝试用蒸汽机来驱动更大的直升机。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个形容词；结合“use steam engines to run …helicopters”和备选项可知，此处是指用蒸汽机来驱动更大的直升机，larger“更大的”，作定语修饰名词helicopters，符合语境。故选E。 3．句意：到1910年，伊戈尔·西科斯基向世界展示了两架这样的直升机。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个动词作谓语；结合“…the world two such helicopters”和备选项可知，此处考查show sb. sth.“向某人展示……”，动词短语，showed“展示”，动词，符合语境。故选D。 4．句意：这些机器会飞，但它们只是直线上下飞行。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个名词作主语；结合“two such helicopters”和备选项可知，此处是指这些机器，machines“机器”，名词复数，符合语境。故选C。 16 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 17 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $