内容正文:
UNIT 8
I love nature!
Lesson 4 It’s time to protect them!
1
Warming up
3
1 Match the words with the pictures. Do you know which animals are endangered? Talk with your partner.
我们应该如何保护动物?
2 Read the passage and answer the question.
Loss of wildlife can happen naturally. Dinosaurs, for example, died out about 65 million years ago.
Loss of wildlife can happen because of human activity. Expanding housing, industry, and farming harms wildlife.
A study from 2016 shows that nearly 72% of the endangered animals are at risk because of hunting and fishing. Nearly 62% are endangered by farming, 35% by city development, and 27% by diseases.
For example, long-nosed monkeys live in Southeast Asia. They are famous for their large noses. But now, they become endangered because of habitat loss, pollution, and hunting.
The loss of wildlife happens mainly because of human activities.
2
Language Points
11
loss /lɒs/ n.丧失;损失;去世
the loss of... ······的丧失
at a loss 不知所措,困惑
a sense of loss 失落感
The loss of the first game did not discourage them.
第一场比赛的失败并没有令他们沮丧。
1
Loss of wildlife can happen naturally.
野生动物的消失可能是自然发生的。
Her uncle was at a loss.
她的叔叔不知所措。
When she died, I was filled with a sense of loss.
她去世后我心里充满了失落感。
She felt very lonely after the loss of her husband.
她的丈夫去世后她感觉很孤独。
【拓展】
(1)lose[动词]失去;输掉;丢失
其过去式和过去分词均为 lost。
(2)lost[形容词]迷路的;丢失的
lose one’s way =get lost 迷路
【语境串记】
Bad luck! The loss of the map made me get lost easily in the strange city.
真倒霉!在这个陌生的城市里,地图的丢失让我很容易迷路。
①for example 例如,比如
2
Dinosaurs, for example, died out about 65 million years ago.
例如,恐龙在大约6500万年前灭绝了。
【辨析】such as 与for example
短语 相同点 不同点
such as 均表示部分列举,列举对象通常为同类的人或事物。 常位于列举对象之前,列举对象可以是名词(短语)或动词-ing(短语)。
for example 常用逗号与列举对象隔开,可位于列举对象之前或之后。列举对象可以是名词(短语)、动词-ing(短语)等,还可以是句子。
She does well in many subjects, such as maths, physics and chemistry.
她很多学科都学得很好,例如数学、物理和化学。
I’d like to keep a pet, for example, a cat.
我想养个宠物,比如一只猫。
People think his paintings are masterpieces. For example, the painting Sunflowers is very famous all over the world.
人们认为他的画都是杰作。例如,《向日葵》这幅画世界闻名。
die /daɪ/ v. 灭亡;死;死亡
过去式为died,现在分词为dying。
His mother died when he was very young.
他的母亲在他很小时就去世了。
He died a hero. 他英勇就义。
【拓展】与die相关的词:
She thought of her dead dog and felt very sad.
想到她死去的狗,她感到很难过。
His death made us surprised.
他的死让我们很吃惊。
That cat is dying.
那只猫快要死了。
3
Expanding housing, industry, and farming harms wildlife.
住房、工业和农业的扩张伤害了野生动物。
harm /hɑːm/ v.& n.损害;伤害
(1)[动词]损害;伤害
Ocean acidification can harm or kill some kinds of sea life.
海洋的酸化可能伤害或杀死数种海洋生物。
(2)[名词]伤害;损害
do harm to...伤害……
What’s more, cold weather does harm to the batteries.
更重要的是,寒冷的天气会损害电池。
【拓展】harmful [形容词]有害的,导致损害的
harmless[形容词]无害的,不会导致损伤的
be harmful/harmless to... 对……有害/无害
Noise is a kind of pollution and it is harmful to (=does harm to) our hearing.
噪声是一种污染,对我们的听力有害。
This medicine is harmless to human beings.
这种药对人类无害。
risk /rɪsk/ n.危险;风险 ‖ v. 冒……的危险
(1)[可数名词]&[不可数名词]
take risks/take a risk冒险
the risk of... ……的风险
at risk 处于危险之中
take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事
cut down the risk of...降低……的风险
4
A study from 2016 shows that nearly 72 % of the endangered animals are at risk because of hunting and fishing. 2016年的一项研究表明,近72%的濒危动物因狩猎和捕鱼而面临风险。
We do not expect untrained people to take risks.
我们不希望未经培训的人员去冒险。
We don’t want to run the risk of losing their business.
我们不想冒险失去他们的生意。
You should alwgys wear a helmet as this can cut down the risk of getting hurt on the head in an accident.
你应该一直戴着头盔,因为这可以降低在事故中头部受伤的风险。
(2)[动词]冒……的危险;冒险做;使冒风险
risk one’s life 冒着生命危险
risk doing sth.冒险做某事
He who risks nothing, gains nothing.
不入虎穴,焉得虎子。
It takes lots of love and courage to risk their own lives to save someone else’s.
冒着自己的生命危险去救别人需要很多的爱和勇气。
Don’t risk running the machine yourself.
不要冒险自己去操作机器。
be famous for 因……而著名
5
They are famous for their large noses.
它们以大鼻子而闻名。
be famous as 作为……而出名 后常接表示职位、身份等的词。
be famous for 因……而出名 后接出名的原因。
be famous to 为……所熟知 后常接人。
【辨析】be famous as, be famous for 与 be famous to
【语境串记】
Edison is famous as an inventor in the world,and he is famous for his inventions. He is famous to people all over the world.
爱迪生作为一个发明家而闻名于世,他因他的发明而闻名。他为全世界的人所熟知。
because of 由于
6
But now, they become endangered because of habitat loss,pollution, and hunting. 但是现在,由于栖息地的丧失、污染和捕猎,它们濒临灭绝。
【辨析】 because 与 because of
because 连词 后只能接句子。
because of 介词短语 后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
I often go to the art museum because I like painting.
我经常去美术馆,因为我喜欢画画。
Paper cuttings are popular because of their expressions of good luck and wishes.剪纸很受欢迎,因为它们表达了好运和祝愿。
【拓展】一般情况下,含 because 和含 because of 的句子可以互相转换。
He didn’t come to school today because he was ill (=because of his illness).
他今天没来学校是因为他生病了。
pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染;污染物
[不可数名词]由“pollute(v.污染)去e+-ion(名词后缀)”构成。
air pollution 空气污染
water pollution 水污染
noise pollution 噪声污染
cut down/reduce pollution 减少污染
The villagers had to move away because of the serious water pollution.
因为严重的水污染,村民不得不搬走。
To cut down air pollution, we should walk or take the bus instead of driving.
为了减少空气污染,我们应该步行或乘公共汽车,而不是开车。
3 Read the passage again and tick the reasons mentioned for the loss of wildlife.
√
√
√
√
√
√
Climate changes, wildlife trade, invasive species, etc.
4 Search the internet and find more information about long-nosed monkeys to complete the card.
leaves , fruits, seeds, etc.
long noses , reddish-brown fur, long tails
make laws, build natural reserves
√
The long-nosed monkey, whose scientific name is proboscis monkey, mainly lives in Southeast Asia and feeds on leaves, fruits, seeds, etc. It has a long nose, reddish-brown fur and a long tail. Now long-nosed monkeys are in an endangered state. Our government has taken some measures to protect them, such as making laws to stop hunting them, and establishing nature reserves to provide them with a suitable living environment.
5 Work in pairs. Find information about an endangered species. Write an introduction to it.
Golden monkeys live in the forests of China’s Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu Provinces. They mainly eat leaves, fruits, and flowers. With golden fur and a blue face, they are truly unique. Unfortunately, their population is less than two thousand. Golden monkeys live in groups and are active during the day. To protect them, China has set up nature reserves and made laws against hunting. Let’s work together to save these beautiful animals!
学校要成立动物保护社团,请同学们写一篇有关动物保护的文章。请你选一种濒危动物,说说它们濒危的原因以及我们该怎样保护它们。提示问题:
1. What animals are in danger?
2. Why are they in danger?
3. What can we do to save them?
The number of some animals is very small such as pandas, golden monkeys and so on. _____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What should we write about protecting wildlife?
Protecting wildlife
开头:陈述现状及面临的危险
正文:濒危的原因及保护措施
结尾:呼吁保护濒危动物
开头:点明主题
开头段要用简明的语言点明文章的主题,需要先读懂题
干要求表达的主题,再组织及使用合适的语句。
常见句型:
Everyone knows animals are our friends.每个人都知道动物是我们的朋友。
The number of some animals is smaller and smaller.一些动物的数量越来越少。
...are endangered/in danger/at risk. The number of them left is... ……处于危险之中,它们剩下的数量是……
正文:具体介绍野生动物濒危的原因及保护措施
常见句型:
1.与原因相关:
They become endangered because of habitat loss, pollution, and hunting.由于栖息地的丧失、污染和捕猎,它们濒临灭绝。
Because people cut down trees, they lose their home.因为人们砍伐树木,它们失去了家园。
Some people hunt and kill them in order to...一些人猎杀它们是为了……
2.与措施相关:
We should plant more trees to provide them with a peaceful land. 我们应该种更多的树,为它们提供一片和平的土地。
We should let more people know the importance of protecting endangered animals.我们应该让更多的人知道保护濒危动物的重要性。
结尾:发出呼吁保护野生动物
对野生动物的现状、濒危原因及保护措施等进行介绍后,文章的结尾部分需要发出呼吁,表达自己的真情实感。
常见句型:
Let us start from now on.让我们从现在开始。
Let’s act at once!让我们马上行动起来吧!
与介绍濒危动物相关的常见词汇:
(1)濒危动物
Asian elephant 亚洲象 golden monkey 金丝猴
Chinese alligator 扬子鳄 snowy leopard雪豹
(2)现状
amount 数量 endangered 濒危的 lose 失去
at risk 处于危险之中 habitat loss 失去栖息地
die out灭绝 be home to是……的故乡;栖息地
(3)原因
pollution 污染 environment 环境 hunt 捕猎
disease 疾病 develop/development 发展
harm 伤害 because of 由于 in order to 为了
(4)保护措施
protect/protection 保护 provide 提供
first-class 一级的
Welcome to
Class Two
The number of some animals is very small such as pandas, golden monkeys and so on. Golden monkeys are at risk. The number of them left is less than twenty thousand around the world.
They become endangered because of habitat loss, pollution, and hunting. Because people cut down trees, they lose their home. The environment is getting worse and worse for golden monkeys because of the pollution. Some people even kill them in order to get money.
Sample writing
Welcome to
Class Two
We should let people know the importance of protecting wildlife. Protecting animals means protecting ourselves!I think our government should strictly punish those people who kill the wild animals.
It is our duty to protect the endangered animals. Let us start from now on to protect them and make the world more beautiful!
点评:范文涵盖了所有内容要点,从生存现状、濒危原因、保护措施等方面介绍了濒危动物,条理清晰,语句通顺,意思连贯。
3
Summary
53
重 点 词 汇
loss n.丧失;损失;去世
wildlife n. 野生动物
naturally adv. 自然地;天然地;合理地
die v. 灭亡;死;死亡
expand v. 扩展;增加
housing n. 住房;住房供给
industry n. 工业;行业
重 点 词 汇
harm v. & n. 损害;伤害
nearly adv. 差不多;几乎
risk n. 危险;风险 ‖ v. 冒……的危险
hunt v. 打猎;搜索;追捕
disease n. 病;疾病
southeast n. 东南;东南方 ‖ adj. 东南的
habitat n. 栖息地
pollution n. 污染;污染物
重 点 短 语 和 句 型
for example 例如,比如
die out 灭绝
at risk 处于危险之中
be famous for 因……而著名
because of 由于
4
Practice
57
1. Eating too much junk food is _________(harm) to your
heath.
2. More citizens agree to be green travelers so as to reduce
air __________ (pollute).
3. Driving after drinking can add to the _______(风险) of
traffic accidents.
一、用所给词的适当形式填空或根据提示填写单词
harmful
pollution
risk
1. 桂林因其美丽的风景而闻名。
Guilin ______________ its beautiful scenery.
2. 因为成本日益上涨,我们不得不提高价格。
We had to raise our prices rising costs.
3. 他们俩有许多共同之处,例如都喜欢跳舞。
They have many things in common.___________, they both enjoy dancing.
二、完成句子
is famous for
because of
For example
Write an article about wild animals.
2. Preview the new words and expressions in Lesson 5.
Homework
绿卡图书—走向成功的通行证
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