Unit 11 Fantastic Chinese Culture 词性转换、宾语从句（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

Unit 11 Fantastic Chinese Culture 核心语法精练（词性转换、宾语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、用括号内动词的正确形式填空，完成宾语从句 4 三、完成句子 5 四、单项选择 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 10 题型一 语法选择 10 题型二 语法填空 11 （一）词性转换 语法项目 说明与规则 教材例句 语法分析 名词转动词 某些名词在句中可直接用作动词，表示与该名词相关的动作。 1. Farmers water their crops. 2. People began to ship goods 1. water水(n.)→ 浇水(v.) 2. ship船(n.)→ 运输(v.) 形容词转动词 某些形容词可转化为动词，表示“使…变得...”或执行与该形容词相关的动作。 1. We tidy our houses. 2. She wanted to free her mind. 1. tidy整洁的(adj.)→整理(v.) 2. free自由的(adj.)→ 放松(v.) 常见搭配 部分词汇在固定表达常用作动词。 1. dress oneself in.. 2. hand something to someone 1. dress衣服(v.)→穿衣服(v.) 2. hand手(n.) →递(v.) 判断词性 根据词在句中的位置和功能判断其词性。 1.Tea presents Chinese culture. 2.We name it white tea. 1.present礼物(n.)→呈现(v.) 2.name名字(n.)→命名(v.) （二）宾语从句 语法项目 结构与规则 教材例句 that引导的宾语从句 that 在从句中不作成分，可省略； 常用于动词(say, tell, think等）后. Lingling told me that you wanted to visit the museum. 时态呼应规则 主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况使用任何时态；主句为一般过去时，从句一般使用相应的过去时态。 1. Lingling says (that) she is learning to make spring rolls. 2. The teacher told us (that) there was going to be a show. 宾语从句的语序 从句使用陈述语序（主语＋谓语），不可用疑问语序。 I heard that there was going to be a show. 一、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 1. We should ______ (water) the flowers every morning. 【答案】water 【解析】句意：我们应该每天早晨浇花。考查词性转换。water 通常作名词“水”，此处需要动词，意为“浇水”。 2. We need to ______ (name) the new panda in the zoo. 【答案】name 【解析】句意：我们需要给动物园里的新熊猫起个名字。考查词性转换。名词 name（名字）需转换为动词“命名，给…取名”。need to 后接动词原形。 3. People used to ______ (ship) tea and silk along the Silk Road. 【答案】ship 【解析】句意：过去人们常通过丝绸之路运输茶叶和丝绸。考查词性转换。名词 ship（船）需转换为动词“运输”。used to 后接动词原形。 4. Before the festival, we will give our house a good ______ (clean). 【答案】clean 【解析】句意：节前，我们要把房子好好打扫一下。考查词性转换。形容词/动词 clean 此处转换为名词，give sth a good clean 是固定搭配，意为“彻底打扫”。 5. Confucius’s words ______ (warm) and guide us even today. 【答案】warm 【解析】句意：即使在今天，孔子的话语依然温暖并指引着我们。考查词性转换。形容词 warm 转换为动词，意为“使…温暖”，在句中与 guide 并列作谓语。 6. Please ______ (hand) your homework to the teacher after class. 【答案】hand 【解析】句意：请下课后把作业交给老师。考查词性转换。名词 hand（手）转换为动词“传递”，用于祈使句。 7. They made a ______ (trade) agreement with that company. 【答案】trade 【解析】句意：他们与那家公司签订了一份贸易协定。考查词性转换。动词 trade（贸易）转换为名词作定语，trade agreement 意为“贸易协定”。 8. Her beautiful ______ (dress) caught everyone’s eye at the party. 【答案】dress 【解析】句意：她在派对上穿的漂亮连衣裙吸引了所有人的目光。考查词性转换。动词 dress（穿衣）转换为可数名词“连衣裙”，在句中作主语。 9. The kind man decided to ______ (free) the little bird from the cage. 【答案】free 【解析】句意：那个善良的人决定把小鸟从笼子里放出来。考查词性转换。形容词 free（自由的）转化为动词，意为“释放，使自由”。 10. After drinking the soup, I felt ______ (warm) and comfortable inside. 【答案】warm 【解析】句意：喝完汤后，我感到内心温暖而舒适。考查词性转换。此处需要形容词 warm 作表语，描述主语“I”的感受。 二、用括号内动词的正确形式填空，完成宾语从句。 1. He says that he ______ (like) Chinese culture very much. 【答案】likes 【解析】句意：他说他非常喜欢中国文化。主句 says 为一般现在时，从句动作是当前常态，用一般现在时 likes。 2. She said that she ______ (visit) the Great Wall the next day. 【答案】would visit 【解析】句意：她说她第二天要去参观长城。主句 said 为一般过去时，从句动作“参观”发生在主句动作之后的将来，需用过去将来时 would visit。 3. I know that they ______ (play) a traditional game now. 【答案】are playing 【解析】句意：我知道他们现在正在玩一个传统游戏。主句 know 为一般现在时，从句有 now 提示，动作为当前正在进行，用现在进行时 are playing。 4. He told me that he ______ (can) speak a little Chinese. 【答案】could 【解析】句意：他告诉我他会说一点中文。主句 told 为一般过去时，从句中的情态动词 can 需变为对应的过去式 could。 5. We think that this book ______ (be) very interesting. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：我们认为这本书非常有趣。主句 think 为一般现在时，从句表达当前的观点，用一般现在时 is。 6. She heard that her friend ______ (come) to see her soon. 【答案】would come 【解析】句意：她听说她的朋友很快会来看她。主句 heard 为一般过去时，从句动作“来”是相对于过去的将来，用过去将来时 would come。 7. They believe that practice ______ (make) perfect. 【答案】makes 【解析】句意：他们相信熟能生巧。主句 believe 为一般现在时，从句内容“熟能生巧”是客观真理，不受主句时态影响，永远用一般现在时 makes。 8. The teacher said that the earth ______ (go) around the sun. 【答案】goes 【解析】句意：老师说地球绕着太阳转。主句 said 为一般过去时，但从句内容“地球绕太阳转”是客观事实，应用一般现在时 goes。 9. I knew that he ______ (be) a good student. 【答案】was 【解析】句意：我当时就知道他是个好学生。主句 knew 为一般过去时，从句描述的“他是一个好学生”是过去的状况，用一般过去时 was。 10. He says that he ______ (read) a story about Confucius. 【答案】is reading 【解析】句意：他说他正在读一个关于孔子的故事。主句 says 为一般现在时，从句有语境提示动作正在进行，用现在进行时 is reading。 三、完成句子 根据汉语意思和括号内提示，完成英语句子。 1. 我知道茶起源于中国。 I ______ ______ tea originated in China. 【答案】know that 【解析】考查宾语从句结构。根据句意，“知道…”后接完整句子，需用 that 引导宾语从句。 2. 她告诉我她正在打扫房间。 (clean) She told me that she ______ ______ her room. 【答案】was cleaning 【解析】考查宾语从句时态及词性转换。主句 told 为过去时，从句动作当时正在进行，用过去进行时；clean 为动词“打扫”。 3. 我认为春天温暖而美丽。 (warm) I think that spring is ______ and beautiful. 【答案】warm 【解析】考查词性转换。此处需要形容词 warm（温暖的）作表语，与 beautiful 并列。 4. 老师说过水对生命很重要。 (water) The teacher said that ______ is important for life. 【答案】water 【解析】考查词性转换。此处需要名词 water（水）作从句的主语。 5. 他听说货物将通过运河运输。 (ship) He heard that the goods ______ ______ ______ by canal. 【答案】would be shipped 【解析】考查宾语从句时态、语态及词性转换。主句 heard 为过去时，从句需用过去将来时；主语 goods 与动词 ship（运输）是被动关系，故用过去将来时的被动语态 would be shipped。 6. 我们相信一句好话能温暖人心。 (warm) We believe that a kind word can ______ people’s hearts. 【答案】warm 【解析】考查词性转换。情态动词 can 后需接动词原形，形容词 warm 转换为动词“使…温暖”。 7. 她知道手工艺品是手工制作的。 (hand) She knew that the handicrafts were made by ______. 【答案】hand 【解析】考查词性转换。by hand 是固定短语，意为“手工地”。此处名词 hand 表示方式。 8. 妈妈说她明天会去购物。 Mom said that she ______ ______ shopping tomorrow. 【答案】would go 【解析】考查宾语从句时态。主句 said 为过去时，从句的将来动作需用过去将来时 would go。 9. 我发现保持房间整洁是必要的。 (clean) I found that it is necessary to keep the room ______. 【答案】clean 【解析】考查词性转换。keep sth. + adj. 结构表示“使某物保持…状态”，此处需形容词 clean（整洁的）作宾语补足语。 10. 新闻报道说贸易有助于发展。 (trade) The news reported that ______ helps with development. 【答案】trade 【解析】考查词性转换。从句缺主语，动词 trade 需转换为名词“贸易”来充当主语。 四、单项选择 1. Lingling says ______ she is learning Chinese paper-cutting. A. that B. what C. / 【答案】A (that) 【解析】句意：玲玲说她正在学习中国剪纸。考查 that 引导的宾语从句。says 后接宾语从句，that 只起连接作用，此处可以省略，但选项中提供的完整形式为 A。 2. The teacher told us ______ there would be a test next week. A. if B. that C. why 【答案】B (that) 【解析】句意：老师告诉我们下周会有一次测验。考查 that 引导的宾语从句。主句动词 told 后接宾语从句，需用 that 引导，陈述一件将发生的事情。 3. I know ______ tea culture is an important part of China. A. that B. how C. what 【答案】A (that) 【解析】句意：我知道茶文化是中国的重要组成部分。考查 that 引导的宾语从句。know 后接宾语从句，用 that 引导一个已知的事实。 4. We believe ______ our Chinese culture is fantastic. A. if B. that C. when 【答案】B (that) 【解析】句意：我们相信我们的中国文化是精彩绝伦的。考查 that 引导的宾语从句。believe 后常接 that 引导的宾语从句，表达观点或信念。 5. He heard ______ Kangkang wanted to visit the museum. A. that B. whether C. where 【答案】A (that) 【解析】句意：他听说康康想去参观博物馆。考查 that 引导的宾语从句。heard 后接宾语从句，表示听到的内容，用 that 引导。 6. My mother thinks ______ I should help with housework. A. that B. what C. if 【答案】A (that) 【解析】句意：我妈妈认为我应该帮忙做家务。考查 that 引导的宾语从句。thinks 后接宾语从句，that 引导一个观点，可省略。 7. The news says ______ a new bridge will be built here. A. / B. that C. A and B 【答案】C (A and B) 【解析】句意：新闻说这里将要建一座新桥。考查 that 引导的宾语从句及其省略。says 后接宾语从句，that 可以省略，因此“that”和“省略（用/表示）”两种形式都正确。 8. She found ______ her keys were in her bag. A. if B. that C. what 【答案】B (that) 【解析】句意：她发现她的钥匙在她的包里。考查 that 引导的宾语从句。found 后接宾语从句，描述一个发现的事实，用 that 引导。 9. We hope ______ you can come to our party. A. that B. what C. / 【答案】A (that) 【解析】句意：我们希望你能来参加我们的派对。考查 that 引导的宾语从句。hope 后接宾语从句，常用 that 引导，表示希望的内容。 10. Nobody doubted ______ he told the truth. A. that B. if C. why 【答案】A (that) 【解析】句意：没有人怀疑他说了实话。考查 that 引导的宾语从句。doubted 在否定句（nobody doubted）中后接宾语从句时，通常用 that 引导，表示“不怀疑…”。 题型一 语法选择 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Silk Road and Cultural Exchange The Silk Road was a network of trade routes that connected the East and the West. Many people believe 1.______ it played an important role in history. Historians tell us 2.______ merchants 3.______ silk, tea, and spices along these roads centuries ago. I read in a book 4.______ the name “Silk Road” 5.______ from the valuable silk trade. The teacher explained 6.______ the Silk Road also helped spread ideas and cultures. For example, we can see 7.______ some Chinese foods and music 8.______ by other cultures. This shows 9.______ trade is not just about buying and selling. It makes the world 10.______ and brings people closer. 1. A. what    B. that    C. if 2. A. that    B. what    C. whether 3. A. trade    B. traded    C. trading 4. A. that    B. which    C. who 5. A. come    B. came    C. comes 6. A. that    B. what    C. which 7. A. that    B. if      C. when 8. A. influence   B. influenced   C. are influenced 9. A. what    B. that    C. if 10. A. warm    B. warmly    C. warmer 【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.C 【导语】 本文简要介绍了丝绸之路的历史作用与文化影响，请结合宾语从句的引导词、时态一致以及词性转换等语法知识，从每题的三个选项中选择最佳答案。 1. 句意：许多人相信它在历史上扮演了重要角色。 考查宾语从句引导词。believe 后接陈述事实的从句，应用 that 引导，that 可省略。 2. 句意：历史学家告诉我们，几个世纪前商人沿着这些路线交易丝绸、茶和香料。 考查宾语从句引导词。tell sb. that... 为固定结构，that 引导宾语从句作直接宾语。 3. 句意：商人交易丝绸、茶和香料。 考查动词时态。从句描述的是历史上的常规动作，且时间状语为 centuries ago，应用一般过去时。 4. 句意：我在一本书中读到，“丝绸之路”这个名字来源于珍贵的丝绸贸易。 考查宾语从句引导词。read 后接宾语从句，陈述读到的内容，应用 that 引导。 5. 句意：名字来源于丝绸贸易。 考查动词时态。主语 the name 为单数，描述历史事实，动词应用一般过去时。 6. 句意：老师解释说丝绸之路也帮助传播了思想和文化。 考查宾语从句引导词。explained 后接 that 引导的宾语从句，陈述解释的内容。 7. 句意：例如，我们可以看到一些中国食物和音乐受到其他文化的影响。 考查宾语从句引导词。see 后接宾语从句，陈述看到的事实，应用 that 引导。 8. 句意：一些中国食物和音乐受到其他文化的影响。 考查被动语态。主语 some Chinese foods and music 为复数概念，与 influence 为被动关系，且为客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。 9. 句意：这表明贸易不仅仅是买卖。 考查宾语从句引导词。shows 后接 that 引导的宾语从句，陈述所表明的内容。 10. 句意：它让世界更温暖，让人们更亲近。 考查词性转换。make + 宾语 + 形容词 结构，需用形容词作宾补；根据语境“更温暖”应用比较级形式。 题型二 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Tony, How are you? I’m excited to tell you something about Chinese kites. My grandpa says 1. ______ kite flying has a long history in China. He told me 2. ______ people in the past 3. ______ make kites not only for fun but also for sending messages! I think 4. ______ that’s amazing. Last weekend, I tried to make one myself. I found 5. ______ it needed patience. First, I used bamboo to make the frame. Then, I 6. ______ hand the colorful paper to my grandpa, and he helped me glue it on. After the kite was done, we went to the park to fly it. The wind was strong, and I felt 7. ______ free like a bird. I believe 8. ______ making kites is a wonderful way to feel the 9. ______ warm of family time. I hope 10. ______ you can come and try it one day! Yours, Li Wei 【答案】1.that 2.that 3.made 4./ (或 that) 5.that 6.handed 7.free 8.that 9.warmth 10.that 【导语】本文是一封介绍中国风筝文化的书信，请在理解文意的基础上，根据语法规则和上下文提示完成填空。 1. 句意：我爷爷说放风筝在中国有悠久的历史。考查宾语从句引导词。says 后接宾语从句，引导词 that 可以省略，但此处引导一个完整事实，填入 that 更规范。 2. 句意：他告诉我，过去人们制作风筝不仅为了娱乐，还为了传递信息！考查宾语从句引导词。told 后接双宾语，me 为间接宾语，其后接 that 引导的宾语从句。 3. 考查宾语从句时态。主句 told 为过去时，从句动作 make（制作）是过去经常性的行为，用一般过去时 made。 4. 句意：我认为那太神奇了。考查宾语从句引导词的省略。think 后接宾语从句，that 在口语或非正式文体中常省略。此处可填 that 或留空（用/表示）。 5. 句意：我发现它需要耐心。考查宾语从句引导词。found 后接宾语从句，陈述发现的内容，需用 that 引导。 6. 考查词性转换和时态。名词 hand 需转换为动词“传递”。叙述过去的事件，用一般过去时 handed。 7. 考查词性转换。feel 为系动词，后接形容词作表语。free（自由的）为形容词。 8. 句意：我相信制作风筝是感受家庭时光温暖的好方法。考查宾语从句引导词。believe 后接宾语从句，需用 that 引导。 9. 考查词性转换。形容词 warm 需转换为名词 warmth（温暖），作动词 feel 的宾语。 10. 句意：我希望有一天你能来试试！考查宾语从句引导词。hope 后接宾语从句，常用 that 引导，可省略，但填入 that 更完整。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 11 Fantastic Chinese Culture 核心语法精练（词性转换、宾语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、用括号内动词的正确形式填空，完成宾语从句 3 三、完成句子 3 四、单项选择 4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 6 题型一 语法选择 6 题型二 语法填空 7 （一）词性转换 语法项目 说明与规则 教材例句 语法分析 名词转动词 某些名词在句中可直接用作动词，表示与该名词相关的动作。 1. Farmers water their crops. 2. People began to ship goods 1. water水(n.)→ 浇水(v.) 2. ship船(n.)→ 运输(v.) 形容词转动词 某些形容词可转化为动词，表示“使…变得...”或执行与该形容词相关的动作。 1. We tidy our houses. 2. She wanted to free her mind. 1. tidy整洁的(adj.)→整理(v.) 2. free自由的(adj.)→ 放松(v.) 常见搭配 部分词汇在固定表达常用作动词。 1. dress oneself in.. 2. hand something to someone 1. dress衣服(v.)→穿衣服(v.) 2. hand手(n.) →递(v.) 判断词性 根据词在句中的位置和功能判断其词性。 1.Tea presents Chinese culture. 2.We name it white tea. 1.present礼物(n.)→呈现(v.) 2.name名字(n.)→命名(v.) （二）宾语从句I 语法项目 结构与规则 教材例句 that引导的宾语从句 that 在从句中不作成分，可省略； 常用于动词(say, tell, think等）后. Lingling told me that you wanted to visit the museum. 时态呼应规则 主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况使用任何时态；主句为一般过去时，从句一般使用相应的过去时态。 1. Lingling says (that) she is learning to make spring rolls. 2. The teacher told us (that) there was going to be a show. 宾语从句的语序 从句使用陈述语序（主语＋谓语），不可用疑问语序。 I heard that there was going to be a show. 一、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 1. We should ______ (water) the flowers every morning. 2. We need to ______ (name) the new panda in the zoo. 3. People used to ______ (ship) tea and silk along the Silk Road. 4. Before the festival, we will give our house a good ______ (clean). 5. Confucius’s words ______ (warm) and guide us even today. 6. Please ______ (hand) your homework to the teacher after class. 7. They made a ______ (trade) agreement with that company. 8. Her beautiful ______ (dress) caught everyone’s eye at the party. 9. The kind man decided to ______ (free) the little bird from the cage. 10. After drinking the soup, I felt ______ (warm) and comfortable inside. 二、用括号内动词的正确形式填空，完成宾语从句。 1. He says that he ______ (like) Chinese culture very much. 2. She said that she ______ (visit) the Great Wall the next day. 3. I know that they ______ (play) a traditional game now. 4. He told me that he ______ (can) speak a little Chinese. 5. We think that this book ______ (be) very interesting. 6. She heard that her friend ______ (come) to see her soon. 7. They believe that practice ______ (make) perfect. 8. The teacher said that the earth ______ (go) around the sun. 9. I knew that he ______ (be) a good student. 10. He says that he ______ (read) a story about Confucius. 三、完成句子 根据汉语意思和括号内提示，完成英语句子。 1. 我知道茶起源于中国。 I ______ ______ tea originated in China. 2. 她告诉我她正在打扫房间。 (clean) She told me that she ______ ______ her room. 3. 我认为春天温暖而美丽。 (warm) I think that spring is ______ and beautiful. 4. 老师说过水对生命很重要。 (water) The teacher said that ______ is important for life. 5. 他听说货物将通过运河运输。 (ship) He heard that the goods ______ ______ ______ by canal. 6. 我们相信一句好话能温暖人心。 (warm) We believe that a kind word can ______ people’s hearts. 7. 她知道手工艺品是手工制作的。 (hand) She knew that the handicrafts were made by ______. 8. 妈妈说她明天会去购物。 Mom said that she ______ ______ shopping tomorrow. 9. 我发现保持房间整洁是必要的。 (clean) I found that it is necessary to keep the room ______. 10. 新闻报道说贸易有助于发展。 (trade) The news reported that ______ helps with development. 四、单项选择 1. Lingling says ______ she is learning Chinese paper-cutting. A. that B. what C. / 2. The teacher told us ______ there would be a test next week. A. if B. that C. why 3. I know ______ tea culture is an important part of China. A. that B. how C. what 4. We believe ______ our Chinese culture is fantastic. A. if B. that C. when 5. He heard ______ Kangkang wanted to visit the museum. A. that B. whether C. where 6. My mother thinks ______ I should help with housework. A. that B. what C. if 7. The news says ______ a new bridge will be built here. A. / B. that C. A and B 8. She found ______ her keys were in her bag. A. if B. that C. what 9. We hope ______ you can come to our party. A. that B. what C. / 10. Nobody doubted ______ he told the truth. A. that B. if C. why 题型一 语法选择 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Silk Road and Cultural Exchange The Silk Road was a network of trade routes that connected the East and the West. Many people believe 1.______ it played an important role in history. Historians tell us 2.______ merchants 3.______ silk, tea, and spices along these roads centuries ago. I read in a book 4.______ the name “Silk Road” 5.______ from the valuable silk trade. The teacher explained 6.______ the Silk Road also helped spread ideas and cultures. For example, we can see 7.______ some Chinese foods and music 8.______ by other cultures. This shows 9.______ trade is not just about buying and selling. It makes the world 10.______ and brings people closer. 1. A. what    B. that    C. if 2. A. that    B. what    C. whether 3. A. trade    B. traded    C. trading 4. A. that    B. which    C. who 5. A. come    B. came    C. comes 6. A. that    B. what    C. which 7. A. that    B. if      C. when 8. A. influence   B. influenced   C. are influenced 9. A. what    B. that    C. if 10. A. warm    B. warmly    C. warmer 题型二 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Tony, How are you? I’m excited to tell you something about Chinese kites. My grandpa says 1. ______ kite flying has a long history in China. He told me 2. ______ people in the past 3. ______ make kites not only for fun but also for sending messages! I think 4. ______ that’s amazing. Last weekend, I tried to make one myself. I found 5. ______ it needed patience. First, I used bamboo to make the frame. Then, I 6. ______ hand the colorful paper to my grandpa, and he helped me glue it on. After the kite was done, we went to the park to fly it. The wind was strong, and I felt 7. ______ free like a bird. I believe 8. ______ making kites is a wonderful way to feel the 9. ______ warm of family time. I hope 10. ______ you can come and try it one day! Yours, Li Wei 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $