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Unit 3语法专项——形容词/副词比较级、as...as同级比较
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Unit3核心语法总览
本单元核心掌握两大语法点:形容词/副词比较级、as...as同级比较
重点理解两者的用法区别、构成规则及语境应用
掌握比较级的变形规律、特殊句式及易错点
学会用as...as结构表达同级比较,区分肯定与否定用法
结合专项练习,夯实基础,提升语法应用能力
核心语法概念界定
1. 比较级:用于两者之间的对比,描述一方比另一方“更……”
分为形容词比较级(修饰名词/作表语)和副词比较级(修饰动词)
2. as...as结构:用于两者同级比较,描述双方“一样……”
否定形式为not as/so...as,表达“不如……”,so更偏向口语化
两者均为单元重点,需重点区分用法场景,避免混淆
形容词/副词比较级 - 规则变化(一)
规则变化需根据单词音节、词尾特征判断,分4种情况
1. 单音节词:直接在词尾加-er,例:tall→taller,fast→faster
2. 以e结尾的单音节词:直接加-r,无需重复加e
例:nice→nicer,late→later,fine→finer
注意:结尾e需是不发音的,发音e需按一般单音节词变形
形容词/副词比较级 - 规则变化(二)
3. 重读闭音节词:满足“辅+元+辅”且重读,双写尾字母加-er
例:big→bigger,thin→thinner,hot→hotter,slim→slimmer
4. 辅音+y结尾的词:先变y为i,再加-er
例:happy→happier,easy→easier,early→earlier
注意:元音+y结尾无需变形,直接加-er,如boy→boyer(错误)
形容词/副词比较级 - 规则变化(三)
双音节词和多音节词的变形的规律,需重点区分
1. 部分双音节词(多以y/ow/le结尾):直接加-er
例:pretty→prettier,narrow→narrower,slow→slower
2. 多数双音节词、所有多音节词:词前加more
例:careful→more careful,quickly→more quickly,beautiful→more beautiful
形容词/副词比较级 - 不规则变化
不规则变化无固定规律,需熟记,共5组核心词汇
1. good/well(好的/好地)→ better(更好的/更好地)
2. bad/badly(坏的/坏地)→ worse(更坏的/更坏地)
3. many/much(许多)→ more(更多)
4. little(少的)→ less(更少)
5. far(远的/远地)→ farther/further(更远的/更远地)
比较级的基本用法 - 核心句式
最基础句式:A + 谓语 + 比较级 + than + B
含义:A比B更……,than后可接名词、代词或完整句子
形容词比较级(修饰名词/作表语):She is taller than me.
副词比较级(修饰动词):He runs faster than his brother.
避免重复:比较对象一致时,用that/those替代,如her bag→that
比较级的修饰词 - 加强语气
可在比较级前加修饰词,明确比较的程度,常用3类词汇
1. 表“……得多”:much/a lot/far,例:much taller(高得多)
2. 表“一点”:a little/a bit,例:a little faster(快一点)
3. 表“甚至”:even,例:even better(甚至更好)
注意:修饰词需放在比较级前,不可放在than之后
比较级特殊句式(一)- 越来越……
结构:比较级 + and + 比较级(单音节词/部分双音节词)
例:The weather gets warmer and warmer.(天气越来越暖和)
多音节词/部分双音节词:more and more + 原级
例:She becomes more and more outgoing.(她变得越来越外向)
注意:不可混合使用,如more warmer(错误)
比较级特殊句式(二)- 越……,越……
结构:the + 比较级,the + 比较级
前半句表条件,后半句表结果,前后均需用比较级
核心示例:The harder you study, the better grades you get.
(你学习越努力,得到的成绩就越好)
拓展:The more you practice, the more skilled you become.(练得越多越熟练)
as...as 同级比较 - 肯定形式
肯定句式:A + 谓语 + as + 原级 + as + B
含义:A和B一样……,核心禁忌:as之间必须用原级
形容词用法:She is as slim as her sister.(她和她姐姐一样苗条)
副词用法:I study as hard as my classmate.(我和同学学习一样努力)
注意:不可用比较级代替原级,如as taller as(错误)
as...as 同级比较 - 否定形式
否定句式:A + 谓语 + not + as/so + 原级 + as + B
含义:A不如B……,as和so可互换,so更口语化
形容词否定:He is not as tall as his father.(他不如他爸爸高)
副词否定:She doesn’t sing so well as her friend.(她唱歌不如朋友好)
注意:否定句中,as/so后依然用原级,不可用比较级
as...as 同级比较 - 修饰词
可在as...as结构前加修饰词,表达“几乎、相当”等含义
常用修饰词:almost(几乎)、nearly(将近)、quite(相当)
示例1:This dress is almost as beautiful as that one.(这条裙子几乎和那条一样)
示例2:He is nearly as tall as me.(他差不多和我一样高)
注意:修饰词需放在as...as前,不可放在中间
核心考点1 - 比较级构成易错点
高频易错点汇总,重点规避3类错误
1. 重读闭音节误判:play→player(非重读闭音节,不双写)
2. 辅音+y变形错误:boy→boyer(元音+y,直接加-er)
3. 多音节词变形错误:colourful→colourfuler(需加more)
记忆技巧:先判断音节,再看词尾,不确定就记特殊例词
核心考点2 - than后的代词用法
than后接人称代词时,可接主格或宾格,场景不同用法不同
1. 口语中:常用宾格,简洁自然,例:He is taller than me.(他比我高)
2. 正式场合/接从句时:用主格,例:He is taller than I (am).(他比我高)
注意:两种用法均正确,无需刻意纠结,口语优先用宾格
核心考点3 - 形容词与副词比较级区分
两者用法差异大,核心看修饰对象,避免混淆
1. 形容词比较级:修饰名词或作表语,后面接名词/无宾语
例:a bigger house(更大的房子,修饰名词);She is happier.(作表语)
2. 副词比较级:修饰动词、形容词或其他副词
例:sing more loudly(修饰动词);much more carefully(修饰副词)
基础练习1 - 写出下列单词的比较级
根据变形规则,写出下列单词的正确比较级形式
1. short → 2. slow → 3. large → 4. fat →
5. busy → 6. beautiful → 7. carefully → 8. well → 9. much → 10. little → 11. thin →
12. easy → 13. late → 14. far → 15. bad →
shorter
slower
larger
fatter
busier
more beautiful
more carefully
better
more
less
thinner
easier
later
farther/
further
worse
基础练习2 - 用所给词的适当形式填空
结合语境,用括号内单词的比较级或原级填空
1. Tom is ________ (tall) than Jim, but Jim is ________ (smart) than Tom.
2. This story is _______________ (interesting) than that one.
3. She dances ________ (well) than her sister, but sings ________ (badly) than her.
4. The weather is getting ________ (warm) and ________ (warm).
taller
smarter
more interesting
better
worse
warmer
warmer
基础练习3 - 用as...as或比较级完成句子
根据句意,选择合适的结构完成句子,注意形式正确
1. 莉莉和露西一样漂亮。Lily is as ________ as Lucy.
2. 北京的冬天比广州的冬天冷。
Beijing is ________ than Guangzhou in winter.
3. 他不如他弟弟开朗。He isn’t as ________ as his brother.
4. 你学习越认真,进步就越大。
_____________ you study, __________ progress you will make.
beautiful
colder
outgoing
The harder
the more
提升练习1 - 选择最佳选项补全句子
结合语法考点,选择最恰当的选项,突破易错点
1. My sister runs ________ than me, but I jump ________ than her.
A. fast; high B. faster; higher C. faster; high
2. This book is ________ more interesting than the one I read last week.
A. much B. many C. little
3. — Is your bag as ________ as mine? — No, it’s smaller.
A. big B. bigger C. biggest
B
A
A
提升练习2 - 选择最佳选项补全对话
结合语境,选择合适的选项,使对话连贯、语法正确
1. A: Who is ________, Alice or Amy? B: Alice is. She is as tall as Amy but thinner. A. slim B. slimmer C. slimmest
2. A: Does Tom study as hard as Jim? B: No, he doesn’t. He studies ________ than Jim. A. less hard B. harder C. more hard
3. A: The more you practice, the ________ you will speak English.
B: I agree. A. better B. good C. best
B
A
A
提升练习3 - 句型转换(一)
按要求改写句子,掌握比较级和as...as结构的变形规则
1. Tom is taller than Mike.(改为同义句)→ Mike is ________ than Tom.
2. She sings well. Her sister sings better.(合并为一句)
→ Her sister sings ________ than her.
3. Lucy is as slim as Lily.(改为否定句)
→ Lucy is ________ ________ ________ as Lily.
shorter
better
not as/so slim
提升练习4 - 句型转换(二)
继续练习句式变形,巩固核心考点,规避易错点
1. This box is big. That box is bigger.(用than改写)
→ That box is ________ ________ this box.
2. He works hard. I work hard too.(用as...as改写)
→ He works ________ ________ ________ me.
3. The weather is getting warm.(改为“越来越暖和”)
→ The weather is getting ________ and ________.
bigger than
as hard as
warmer warmer
提升练习5 - 情景对话补全
根据情景,用比较级或as...as结构补全对话,贴合日常场景
1. A: How do you like the two books? B: The first one is _______________ (有趣的) than the second one.
2. A: Is your new schoolbag as heavy as the old one? B: No, it’s ________ (轻的) than the old one.
3. A: What do you think of your two teachers? B: They are both good, but Mr Li is ________________ (耐心的) than Ms Wang.
more interesting
lighter
more patient
综合练习1 - 单选
综合考查语法知识点,覆盖所有核心考点和易错点
1. — Which is ________, the red pen or the blue pen? — The red one. A. long B. longer C. longest
2. She doesn’t dance as ________ as her best friend.
A. good B. well C. better
3. The ________ you exercise, the healthier you will be.
A. more B. much C. most
4. This movie is a lot ________ than the one we watched yesterday. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting
B
B
A
B
综合练习2 - 完成短文
用所给词的适当形式(比较级/原级)完成短文,贴合语境
There are two girls in my class: Lily and Lucy. Lily is 13 years old, and Lucy is 14. Lucy is ________ (old) than Lily.
Lily is as ________ (slim) as Lucy, but Lucy is ________ (tall) than Lily. They both study hard.
Lily studies ____________ (carefully) than Lucy, so she gets ________ (good) grades. The more they help each other, the ________ (close) they become.
older
slim
taller
more carefully
better
closer
易错点辨析1 - 比较级变形误区
汇总高频变形错误,对比正确与错误用法,加深记忆
错误1:thin→thiner(正确:thinner,重读闭音节双写尾字母)
错误2:easy→easyer(正确:easier,辅音+y变i加-er)
错误3:quickly→quicklier(正确:more quickly,多音节词加more)
错误4:good→gooder(正确:better,不规则变化)
易错点辨析2 - 句式用法误区
重点纠正3类句式错误,掌握正确用法
错误1:as taller as(正确:as tall as,as之间用原级)
错误2:The more hard you work(正确:The harder you work,hard的比较级是harder)
错误3:He is taller than I am tall(正确:He is taller than I am,避免重复)
语法知识点总结(一)
1. 比较级分为规则变化和不规则变化,按音节、词尾判断变形
2. 基本句式:A + 谓语 + 比较级 + than + B,表“A比B更……”
3. 特殊句式:比较级+and+比较级(越来越……);the+比较级,the+比较级(越……越……)
4. 比较级前可加much/a little等修饰词,加强语气
语法知识点总结(二)
1. as...as结构表同级比较,肯定式用原级,否定式not as/so+原级
2. 形容词比较级修饰名词/作表语,副词比较级修饰动词/形容词
3. than后接代词,口语用宾格,正式场合/从句用主格
4. 不规则变化需熟记,重点掌握5组核心词汇
语法知识点总结(三)
1. 避免3类核心错误:变形错误、句式错误、修饰词位置错误
2. 区分比较级(两者对比)和as...as(同级对比)的用法场景
3. 多结合语境练习,灵活运用两种语法结构
4. 做题时先判断考点,再结合规则解题,减少失误
复习提示
1. 熟记比较级的规则变化和不规则变化,每天复习10分钟
2. 重点突破易错点,整理错题本,标注错误原因
3. 多做句式转换和综合练习,提升语境适配能力
4. 尝试用比较级和as...as结构描述身边的人或事物,强化应用
教学课件
Unit 3语法专项——形容词/副词比较级、as...as同级比较
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