Unit 7 语法专练- 2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了人教版7下第七单元“一般过去时”语法内容，涵盖基本概念、标志词、be动词与实义动词的过去式变化、句型结构及常见错误五大知识范畴，搭建从概念理解到规则掌握再到应用实践的递进式学习支架。 清单采用“分类讲解+错误警示+分层练习”的方式构建知识体系，如将be动词与实义动词的过去式变化分开详解，常见错误部分通过“错误示例+正确形式+原因分析”帮助学生规避问题，培养语言能力和思维品质。练习题涵盖单选、填空等多种形式，答案附详细解析，既方便学生自主检测，也为教师提供精准教学支持。

人教版7下第七单元语法专练 一般过去时 第一部分：知识点细致讲解 一、一般过去时的基本概念 1. 什么是一般过去时？ 一般过去时用来表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。它的核心含义是“过去……”。 例句： 昨天我去了公园。 I went to the park yesterday. 她去年住在北京。 She lived in Beijing last year. 他们十分钟前离开了。 They left ten minutes ago. 2. 一般过去时的核心用法 用法一：过去某个时间点发生的动作 我昨天买了一本书。 I bought a book yesterday. 她昨天给我打电话了。 She called me yesterday. 用法二：过去某段时间内存在的状态 我以前很胖。 I was very fat before. 她小时候很害羞。 She was very shy when she was young. 用法三：过去经常或反复发生的动作 我以前每天跑步。 I ran every day in the past. 小时候我经常去游泳。 I often went swimming when I was a child. 二、一般过去时的标志词 标志词 例句 yesterday I saw him yesterday. last night/week/year We went to Japan last year. ago (two days ago) She left five minutes ago. in + 过去年份 He was born in 2005. just now He was here just now. when I was... When I was a child, I lived in the country. 三、be动词的一般过去时 be动词的过去式：was (I/He/She/It) / were (You/We/They) 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他 I was tired yesterday. 我昨天很累。 They were at home last night. 他们昨晚在家。 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 其他 I was not (wasn't) hungry. 我不饿。 They were not (weren't) busy. 他们不忙。 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？ Were you tired? 你累吗？ Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't. Was she at home? 她在吗？ Yes, she was. / No, she wasn't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他？ Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪里？ Why was she late? 她为什么迟到？ 四、实义动词的一般过去时 1. 规则动词的过去式变化 规则一：直接加 -ed work → worked, play → played, watch → watched 规则二：以e结尾加 -d like → liked, live → lived, dance → danced 规则三：辅音+y变y为i加 -ed study → studied, cry → cried, try → tried 规则四：重读闭音节双写加 -ed stop → stopped, plan → planned 2. 常用不规则动词过去式 原形 过去式 go went have had buy bought come came do did get got see saw 3. 实义动词的句型结构 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 I watched a movie yesterday. 我昨天看了一部电影。 She bought a car last week. 她上周买了一辆车。 否定句：主语 + did not (didn't) + 动词原形 + 其他 I didn't watch a movie yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 She didn't buy a car last week. 她上周没买车。 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Did you watch a movie yesterday? 你昨天看电影了吗？ Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么？ Where did she go last week? 她上周去了哪里？ 五、一般过去时的常见错误 ❌ I watch a movie yesterday. ✅ I watched a movie yesterday. (忘记变过去式) ❌ I didn't watched TV. ✅ I didn't watch TV. (did后面用原形) ❌ Did you went there? ✅ Did you go there? (did后面用原形) ❌ I was went to school. ✅ I went to school. (be和实义动词不能同时用) ❌ She buyed a car. ✅ She bought a car. (不规则动词不能加ed) ✍️ 第二部分：精选练习题 一、单项选择 1. I ______ a movie yesterday. A. watch B. watched C. watches 2. She ______ at home last night. A. is B. was C. were 3. —______ you go to the party last Friday? —Yes, I ______. A. Did; did B. Do; do C. Were; was 4. They ______ football yesterday afternoon. A. don't play B. didn't play C. wasn't play 5. My mother ______ a new dress last week. A. buy B. buyed C. bought 6. —Where ______ you yesterday? —I ______ at home. A. were; was B. was; were C. are; am 7. He ______ to school by bus this morning. A. go B. goes C. went 8. We ______ a good time at the party last night. A. have B. had C. has 9. —What ______ you ______ last weekend? —I visited my grandparents. A. did; did B. did; do C. do; do 10. She ______ late for school yesterday. A. is B. was C. were 11. They ______ to the park because it rained. A. don't go B. didn't go C. wasn't go 12. I ______ a letter from my friend last week. A. receive B. received C. receives 13. —______ she at home yesterday morning? —No, she ______. A. Was; wasn't B. Were; weren't C. Did; didn't 14. He ______ a new bike on his birthday. A. get B. gets C. got 15. We ______ very tired after the long walk. A. are B. was C. were 16. —Did you see Tom yesterday? —Yes, I ______. A. saw B. did C. see 17. She ______ breakfast at 7:00 this morning. A. have B. has C. had 18. They ______ to the museum last Sunday. A. go B. goes C. went 19. —When ______ you born? —I ______ born in 2008. A. were; was B. was; were C. are; am 20. He ______ his keys yesterday. A. lose B. losed C. lost 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. I ________ (go) to the park with my friends yesterday. 2. She ________ (be) very happy when she heard the news. 3. They ________ (not watch) TV last night. They ________ (do) their homework. 4. ________ you ________ (see) the movie last weekend? 5. He ________ (buy) a new phone two days ago. 6. We ________ (be) at home yesterday evening. 7. My mother ________ (cook) dinner for us last night. 8. —What ________ you ________ (do) yesterday? —I ________ (visit) my grandparents. 9. She ________ (not be) at school yesterday because she ________ (be) ill. 10. They ________ (play) football an hour ago. 11. I ________ (read) an interesting book last week. 12. ________ she ________ (go) to the party last Friday? 13. We ________ (have) a great time at the beach last summer. 14. He ________ (not eat) breakfast this morning. 15. When ________ you ________ (come) back from Beijing? 16. She ________ (lose) her keys yesterday. 17. They ________ (be) very tired after the long journey. 18. I ________ (meet) my old friend in the street yesterday. 19. ________ they ________ (visit) the museum last Sunday? 20. He ________ (begin) to learn English when he was five. 三、句型转换 1. I went to the park yesterday. (改为否定句) I ________ ________ to the park yesterday. 2. She was at home last night. (改为一般疑问句) ________ she at home last night? 3. They played football yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) ________ they ________ football yesterday? 4. He bought a new car last week. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ he ________ last week? 5. We were in Beijing last year. (改为否定句) We ________ ________ in Beijing last year. 6. She watched a movie last night. (改为一般疑问句) ________ she ________ a movie last night? 7. They went to the beach last summer. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ they ________ last summer? 8. I was tired after the game. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ tired after the game? 9. He did his homework yesterday. (改为否定句) He ________ ________ his homework yesterday. 10. She met her friend at the supermarket. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ she ________ at the supermarket? 四、改错题 1. I go to the zoo yesterday. ________ 应改为 ________ 2. She didn't went to school yesterday. ________ 应改为 ________ 3. They was at home last night. ________ 应改为 ________ 4. Did you watched TV last night? ________ 应改为 ________ 5. He buyed a new phone last week. ________ 应改为 ________ 6. We are very happy yesterday. ________ 应改为 ________ 7. She not like the movie. ________ 应改为 ________ 8. Was you at the party last night? ________ 应改为 ________ 9. They goed to the beach last summer. ________ 应改为 ________ 10. I didn't saw him yesterday. ________ 应改为 ________ 五、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 我昨天看了一部电影。 I ________ a movie yesterday. 2. 她上周买了一辆新车。 She ________ a new car last week. 3. 他们昨晚在家吗？ ________ they at home last night? 4. 我没去参加聚会，因为我累了。 I ________ go to the party because I ________ tired. 5. 你昨天什么时候起床的？ What time ________ you ________ up yesterday? 6. 他十分钟前离开了。 He ________ ten minutes ________. 7. 我们去年去了日本。 We ________ to Japan ________ year. 8. 她昨天没来学校。 She ________ ________ to school yesterday. 9. 你们上周日做了什么？ What ________ you ________ last Sunday? 10. 我在街上遇见了我的老朋友。 I ________ my old friend in the street. 第三部分：参考答案与详细解析 一、单项选择答案与解析 1. B yesterday提示过去时间，用过去式watched。 2. B last night提示过去时间，主语she用was。 3. A last Friday提示过去时间，疑问句用Did，肯定回答用did。 4. B yesterday afternoon提示过去时间，否定用didn't play。 5. C last week提示过去时间，buy的过去式是bought。 6. A yesterday提示过去时间，问句you用were，答句I用was。 7. C this morning提示过去时间，用went。 8. B last night提示过去时间，have的过去式是had。 9. B last weekend提示过去时间，特殊疑问句用What did you do。 10. B yesterday提示过去时间，主语she用was。 11. B 过去时间，否定用didn't go。 12. B last week提示过去时间，用过去式received。 13. A yesterday morning提示过去时间，主语she用Was，否定用wasn't。 14. C 过去时间，get的过去式是got。 15. C 过去时间，主语we用were。 16. B Did you see的肯定回答用Yes, I did。 17. C this morning提示过去时间，have的过去式是had。 18. C last Sunday提示过去时间，go的过去式是went。 19. A 询问出生日期，问句you用were，答句I用was。 20. C yesterday提示过去时间，lose的过去式是lost。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空答案与解析 1. went yesterday提示过去时间。 2. was 描述过去的情绪状态。 3. didn't watch / did last night提示过去时间。 4. Did / see last weekend提示过去时间。 5. bought two days ago提示过去时间。 6. were yesterday evening提示过去时间。 7. cooked last night提示过去时间。 8. did / do / visited yesterday提示过去时间。 9. wasn't / was yesterday提示过去时间。 10. played an hour ago提示过去时间。 11. read last week提示过去时间。 12. Did / go last Friday提示过去时间。 13. had last summer提示过去时间。 14. didn't eat this morning提示过去时间。 15. did / come 询问过去的动作。 16. lost yesterday提示过去时间。 17. were 描述过去的状态。 18. met yesterday提示过去时间。 19. Did / visit last Sunday提示过去时间。 20. began when he was five提示过去时间。 三、句型转换答案与解析 1. didn't go 肯定句改否定，用didn't + 动词原形。 2. Was 肯定句改一般疑问句，将was提至句首。 3. Did / play 实义动词的一般疑问句，用Did + 主语 + 动词原形。 4. What did / buy 对a new car提问，用What did he buy。 5. were not 肯定句改否定，在were后加not。 6. Did / watch 实义动词的一般疑问句。 7. Where did / go 对to the beach提问，用Where did they go。 8. Were you 肯定句改一般疑问句，将were提至句首。 9. didn't do 肯定句改否定，用didn't + 动词原形。 10. Who did / meet 对her friend提问，用Who did she meet。 四、改错题答案与解析 1. go 应改为 went yesterday提示过去时间。 2. didn't went 应改为 didn't go did后面用动词原形。 3. was 应改为 were 主语they用were。 4. Did / watched 应改为 Did / watch did后面用动词原形。 5. buyed 应改为 bought buy是不规则动词。 6. are 应改为 were yesterday提示过去时间。 7. not like 应改为 didn't like 过去时否定用didn't。 8. Was 应改为 Were 主语you用Were。 9. goed 应改为 went go是不规则动词。 10. didn't saw 应改为 didn't see did后面用动词原形。 五、根据汉语意思完成句子答案与解析 1. watched yesterday提示过去时间。 2. bought last week提示过去时间。 3. Were last night提示过去时间，主语they用Were。 4. didn't / was 过去时否定用didn't，tired用was。 5. did / get yesterday提示过去时间。 6. left / ago ten minutes ago十分钟前。 7. went / last last year去年。 8. didn't come yesterday提示过去时间。 9. did / do last Sunday提示过去时间。 10. met 描述过去的动作。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $