Unit7语法专项训练2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦一般过去时“概念-规则-应用”系统训练，通过方法提炼与分层练习提升语言运用准确性和学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法知识点总结|11个要点|“时间标志识别→动词类型判断→句型变化”三步解题法；be动词与实义动词句型转换规则|从意义用法到动词变化（规则/不规则），再到句型结构（肯定/否定/疑问），形成完整认知链| |专项巩固练习|35题（单选15/填空10/转换5/翻译5）|单项选择第4题（否定句助动词+原形）、句型转换第2题（be动词疑问句）等典例强化易错点|基础题（单选/填空）巩固形式变化，综合题（转换/翻译）提升语用能力，对应知识点递进逻辑|

人教版英语七年级下册Unit7语法汇总与练习 一般过去时（1）：构成、用法与句型变化 第一部分 语法知识点总结 一、一般过去时的意义和用法 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，事情与现在有明确的时间距离。它也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 例：We visited a farm last Friday.表示上周五完成的活动。例：I often played by the river when I was young.表示过去经常发生。 常见时间标志有yesterday、last night、two days ago、in 2025、just now、when I was …等。 二、be动词的一般过去时 I / he / she / it；单数名词，过去式was，示例：She was happy. you / we / they；复数名词，过去式were，示例：They were tired. 否定句在was / were后加not，缩写为wasn't / weren't；一般疑问句把Was / Were提到主语前。例：Were you on the farm? —Yes, I was. 三、规则动词过去式的变化 一般加‑ed，示例：visit → visited; clean → cleaned 以不发音e结尾只加‑d，示例：live → lived; use → used 辅音字母 + y：变y为i加‑ed，示例：study → studied; carry → carried 重读闭音节末尾单辅音字母双写再加‑ed，示例：stop → stopped; plan → planned 元音字母 + y结尾直接加‑ed，如play → played。规则过去式虽都写‑ed，读音可为 /t/、/d/ 或 /ɪd/，书写变化不受读音影响。 四、常见不规则动词过去式 go‑went；see‑saw have‑had；do‑did get‑got；take‑took come‑came；buy‑bought eat‑ate；write‑wrote say‑said；make‑made 不规则动词不能依靠统一词尾变化，需要结合常见语境记忆。一个肯定句中表达过去动作时，谓语直接使用过去式。 五、实义动词句的肯定、否定和疑问 肯定句结构是“主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他”。过去式没有第三人称单数变化。例：Tom and Lucy visited the museum. 否定句结构是“主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他”。一般疑问句结构是“Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？”。 例：She went home early. → She didn't go home early. → Did she go home early? did已表示过去，因此后面的动词必须恢复原形。 六、特殊疑问句和简略回答 含实义动词的特殊疑问句通常为“特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？”。例：What did you see on the farm? —I saw some cows. 如果疑问词作主语，不使用did：Who visited the farm yesterday? —Our class did. 含be动词时直接使用was或were：Where were you yesterday? Did开头的一般疑问句用Yes, … did. / No, … didn't.回答，不能用was或were代替did。 七、一般过去时的时间边界 1、明确的过去时间 yesterday、last …、… ago等直接把动作放在过去。例：We arrived two hours ago. ago要放在时间段之后，不能说ago two hours。 2、上下文建立的过去背景 故事第一句常用过去时间建立背景，后续句即使不重复时间词，仍延续一般过去时。例：Last Sunday we visited a farm. We fed the chickens and took photos. 3、过去习惯 often、always不只用于一般现在时；若有when I was young、in those days等过去范围，也可表示过去习惯。判断时要综合全部时间信息。 八、规则过去式的拼写与读音 1、‑ed读 /t/ 在清辅音后常读 /t/，如helped、washed。这里关注读音，不改变书写形式。 2、‑ed读 /d/ 在元音和多数浊辅音后常读 /d/，如played、cleaned。词尾仍统一写‑ed。 3、‑ed读 /ɪd/ 在 /t/ 或 /d/ 音后读 /ɪd/，如wanted、needed。读音分类有助于朗读，但做拼写题仍先依据词形规则。 九、不规则动词的分类记忆 1、原形和过去式相同 部分动词形式不变，如put → put、cut → cut、let → let。不能因为表示过去就机械添加‑ed。 2、元音发生变化 许多高频动词通过内部元音变化构成过去式，如sing → sang、drink → drank、begin → began、write → wrote。可按相似变化成组记忆。 3、完全不规则形式 go → went、buy → bought、teach → taught等需要重点积累。记忆时应放入完整句，而不只背孤立词形。 十、句型转换与短文叙述 1、did出现后恢复原形 肯定句She saw a cow.变否定和疑问后为She didn't see a cow. / Did she see a cow?过去信息转移到did，saw恢复see。 2、be与实义动词分别处理 She was happy.的疑问句是Was she happy?；She smiled.的疑问句是Did she smile?先找到谓语类型，不能写Did she was happy? 3、叙述动作顺序 写日记时可用first、then、after that、finally组织多个过去动作。各主要动作应保持一般过去时，使时间线连贯。 十一、常见易错点与判断方法 先找过去时间或故事背景，再判断谓语是be还是实义动词；肯定句用过去式，否定和疑问中的实义动词恢复原形。 不要混用was / were与did：be动词句围绕was / were变化，实义动词句借助did。 遇到动词过去式拼写题，要先判断规则变化还是不规则变化，再检查辅音字母双写、y的变化等细节。 第二部分 专项巩固练习题 一、单项选择（15题） 1. I ____ to the zoo last Sunday. A. go B. went C. goes D. am going 2. —____ you at home yesterday? —Yes, I ____. A. Were; was B. Are; am C. Did; did D. Was; were 3. He ____ TV last night. A. watch B. watches C. watched D. watching 4. They ____ any friends there two days ago. A. didn’t had B. didn’t have C. don’t have D. had not 5. —What ____ she ____ just now? —She cleaned her room. A. does; do B. did; do C. is; doing D. did; did 6. My mother ____ busy yesterday. A. is B. was C. were D. are 7. Tom ____ to school when he was seven. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 8. —Who ____ the window? —Mike did. A. cleaned B. clean C. cleans D. cleaning 9. I ____ a new bike last year. A. buy B. bought C. buys D. am buying 10. He ____ play soccer last weekend. He was ill. A. wasn’t B. didn’t C. doesn’t D. isn’t 11. There ____ some birds in the tree yesterday afternoon. A. was B. were C. are D. is 12. —Did you see cows on the farm? —____ A. Yes, I see. B. Yes, I was. C. Yes, I did. D. No, I don’t. 13. She ____ her homework and then ____ out for a walk. A. do; go B. did; went C. does; goes D. did; go 14. The girl ____ her bag an hour ago. A. carried B. carryed C. carry D. carries 15. —Where ____ you ____ last Saturday? —I went to the park. A. did; go B. were; go C. did; went D. was; went 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空（10题） 1. He ____ (visit) his grandparents last weekend. 2. They ____ (be) very happy yesterday. 3. I ____ (not watch) TV last night. 4. —____ you ____ (play) basketball yesterday? —Yes, I did. 5. She ____ (study) hard when she was young. 6. Tom ____ (get) up late this morning. 7. We ____ (have) a good time last Sunday. 8. My father ____ (buy) a new pen two days ago. 9. The boy ____ (stop) to look at the cat just now. 10. What ____ your sister ____ (do) yesterday evening? 三、句型转换（5题） 1. He played soccer yesterday afternoon.（改为否定句） He ____ ____ soccer yesterday afternoon. 2. They were in the library just now.（改为一般疑问句并做否定回答） —____ ____ in the library just now? —____, ____ ____. 3. She visited her aunt last week.（改为一般疑问句） ____ she ____ her aunt last week? 4. I went to Beijing last summer.（对画线部分提问） ____ ____ you ____ last summer? 5. The girl was at home yesterday.（改为否定句） The girl ____ at home yesterday. 四、句子翻译（5题） 1. 昨天我参观了一个农场。 ____________________________________ 2. 上周末他们没有看电视。 ____________________________________ 3. —昨天你去哪里了？—我去公园了。 ____________________________________ 4. 当我小的时候，我经常在河边玩耍。 ____________________________________ 5. 昨天晚上他很忙。 ____________________________________ 第三部分 参考答案与解析 一、单项选择 1、B 解析：last Sunday为过去时间，go过去式went。 2、A 解析：yesterday过去时，主语you搭配were；I搭配was。 3、C 解析：last night过去时间，watch过去式watched。 4、B 解析：一般过去时否定didn’t+动词原形have。 5、B 解析：just now过去时，did后接动词原形do。 6、B 解析：yesterday过去时，主语my mother单数用was。 7、C 解析：when he was seven过去背景，go过去式went。 8、A 解析：答句did提示过去，谓语用过去式cleaned。 9、B 解析：last year过去时间，buy过去式bought。 10、B 解析：实义动词play，过去否定用didn’t。 11、B 解析：yesterday afternoon过去，some birds复数用were。 12、C 解析：Did引导疑问句，回答用did。 13、B 解析：and连接两个并列过去动作，do‑did；go‑went。 14、A 解析：an hour ago过去，carry变carried。 15、A 解析：last Saturday过去，did+动词原形go。 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1、visited 2、were 3、didn’t watch 4、Did; play 5、studied 6、got 7、had 8、bought 9、stopped 10、did; do 三、句型转换 1、didn’t play 2、Were they；No, they weren’t 3、Did; visit 4、Where did; go 5、wasn’t 四、句子翻译 1、I visited a farm yesterday. 2、They didn’t watch TV last weekend. 3、—Where did you go yesterday? —I went to the park. 4、I often played by the river when I was young. 5、He was very busy last night. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $