专题四·考点十三 语篇填空-【创新大课堂】2026年高考英语五年真题分类汇编168优化重组卷

专题四 语法填空 考点十三 语篇填空 题组一 Cloze1(2025·浙江1月，15分) abroad,with a longerterm rental period."I really I 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 want to make this work for 9. (people) 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 lives today,and I know that doesn't always mean The price of fashion-economically and environ- 10. return)a dress on the Monday mentally-has led to the rise of 1. new way after a special weekend,"she says. of dressing,and it's beginning to take off in Aus- Cloze2(2025·全国I卷，15分) tralia,too.As people now choose to wear more 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 吹 clothes fewer 2. (time),clothing rental 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 services have become increasingly popular. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in “I think it's an amazing idea,”says Tanya Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go,or Perilli,who owns a clothing rental shop. weigi in Chinese,1. originated in China Customers today look past the fact that more than 4,000 years ago. something is secondhand and focus instead 带 Go is one of 2. earliest binary- the fact that they have something unique to wear 4. are not overstuffing based(基于二元的)games..The movements of the their own wardrobes(衣柜)or contributing to black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of landfill..” Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning, 令 Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women who is in charge of the exhibition. 5. rent)rather than purchase them "The exhibition brings together Go culture, outright,providing a less expensive 6. cutting-edge technology and contemporary art," solve)to one-time event dressing.The concept says Tu.“We hope3. present)the 7 (be)certainly not new-men have 抵 rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual been renting good suits for decades-but for context,and initiate dialogues with minimalist female shoppers,it is just taking off.This 郑 art,conceptual art and expressionism. clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. "In a Go game,each move should serve a long Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion term goal.You try to lead the opponent into your trap 问 dresses to less formal clothing,8. she and force them to follow your'4. (guide)' plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer till they lose,"explains Wang Wei,a Go player among to travellers,such as those headed to weddings the visitors to the exhibition. 97 "The players'personalities 5. journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by (reveal)during the game,and one's weaknesses which silk as well as many plant species came to are exposed to the opponent,"she adds."A decent; Britain for 6. first time.These plants winner always 6. (try)to beat the included modern Western 7. (favourite) opponent 7. no more than one or two such as rosemary,lavender and fennel.The points as a gesture()of respect for the other garden also contains a winding path that guides side.” visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Tu says that the balance between the black Road.The path offers over 300 plant species for and white pieces,the beauty in the 8. visitors to see,too. (strategy)placement of the pieces,9. The Glasshouse stands 8. a great the energy flow following each move inspired artists to achievement in contemporary design,to house create oil paintings,sculptures,10. (digital)the plants of the southwestern part of China at generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the:the end of a path retracing (the steps along exhibition. the Silk Route 9. brought the plants Cloze3(2024·新课标I卷，15分) from their native habitat in Asia to come to define 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单much of the 10. (rich)of gardening in 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 England. Heatherwick Studio recently built a Cloze4(2023·新课标I卷，15分) greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 Woolbeding Gardens.This beautiful structure, 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 named Glasshouse,is at the centre of a new Xiao long bao soup dumplings),those garden that shows how the Silk Road influences amazing constructions of delicate dumpling English gardens even in modern times. wrappers encasing hot,1. (taste)soup The latest 1. (engineer)techniques and sweet,fresh meat,are far and away my are applied to create this protective 2. favorite Chinese street food.The dumplings arrive (function)structure that is also beautiful.The steaming and dangerously hot.To eat one,you design features ten steel“sepals(萼片)”made of;have to decide whether2. (bite)a small glass and aluminium ()These sepals open on hole in it first,releasing the steam and risking a warm days 3. (give)the inside plants;spill(溢出)，3. to put the whole sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather,the dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup structure stays 4. (close)to protect the explode on your tongue(). plants. Shanghai may be the 4. (recognize) Further,the Silk Route Garden around the home of the soup dumpling,but food historians greenhouse 5. (walk)visitors through a will actually point you to the neighboring ancient 98 canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's So,what are they learning?8. birthplace.There,you'll find them prepared(basic),how to describe a panda's life.It's been differently-more dumpling and less soup-and an honor to watch the panda programme develop the wrappers are pressed 5. hand rather 9. to see the pandas settle into their than rolled. new home.As a little girl,I 10. (wish) Nanxiang aside,the best xiao long bao have to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now,I'm a fine skin,allowing them 6. (lift)out of living out that dream indirectly by helping the the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any panda keepers do their job in English. of 7. (they)contents.The meat should Cloze6(2021·新高考I卷，15分) be fresh with 8. touch of sweetness,and 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单 the surrounding soup hot,clear and delicious. 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is 9. The Chinese government recently finalized a (rare)enough,yet two seems greedy,and so I am always left 10. plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). (want)more next time. (cover)an area about three times Cloze5(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷，15分) 2 size of Yellowstone National Park, 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单the GPNP will be one of the first national parks 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 in the country.The plan will extend protection to Whenever I tell people that I teach English a significant number of areas that 3. at the Berlin Zoo,I almost always get a (be)previously unprotected,bringing many of the questioning look.Behind it,the person is trying existing protected areas for giant pandas under to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals?: one authority 4. (increase)effectiveness Since June 2017,right before the 1. (arrive)of the two new pandas,Meng Meng and and reduce inconsistencies in management. Jiao Qing,I have been helping the panda keepers After a three-year pilot period,the GPNP at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2. will be officially set up next year.The GPNP (confidence)speaking English.And who do they 5. design to reflect the guiding speak English 3. principle of "protecting the authenticity and Not the pandas,even though 4. integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, language used for the medical training instructions is preserving biological diversity,protecting ecological actually English.They talk to the flood of buffer zones,6. leaving behind precious international tourists and to 5. (visit) natural assets(资产)for future generations”.The Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas,which are on loan from China.They GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity also need to be ready to give 6. (interview) between separate 7. (population)and in English with international journalists.This is homes of giant pandas,and 8. (eventual) 7. they need an English trainer. achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 99 Giant pandas also serve 9. an intended to provide stronger protection for all the umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a species 10. live within the Giant Panda host of plants and animals in the southwestern Range and significantly improve the health of the and northwestern parts of China.The GPNP is:ecosystem in the area. 题组二 Cloze1(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，15分) 9. recall)watching a Chinese 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入l个适当的单；opera version of Shakespeare's play RichardⅢin 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Chinese cultural elements commemorating Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The (纪念)Tang Xianzu,1. is known as Peony Pavilion,Edmondson said,"It was very "the Shakespeare of Asia,"add an international exciting to hear the Chinese language 10. character to Stratford-upon-Avon,William see how Tang's play was being performed. Shakespeare's hometown. Cloze2(2022·全国乙卷，15分) Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 and both died in 16l6.Although they could never词或括号内单词的正确形式。 have met,there are common 2. May 21st this year marks the first International (theme)in their works,said Paul Edmondson,Tea Day,which was named officially 1. head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace the United Nations on November 27th,2019.To Trust."Some of the things that Tang was writing celebrate 2. festival,a number of events about 3. be )also Shakespeare's took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum concerns.I happen to know that Tang's play The in Beijing on Thursday. Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》)is similar in some! The chairman of the China Culture Promotion ways 4. Romeo and Juliet.” Society 3. (address)the opening ceremony. A statue commemorating Shakespeare and "As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace the birthplace of tea and the 4. (large) Garden in 2017.Two years later,a six-meter-tall tea-producing country,China has a 5. pavilion,5. (inspire)by The Peony(responsible)to work with other countries to Pavilion,6. (build)at the Firs Garden,just promote the healthy development of the tea ten minutes'walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. 、 industry.It can help to build a community with a Those cultural elements have increased 6. share)future for mankind,"he Stratford's international 7. visible),said. said Edmondson,adding that visitors walking The "First International Tea Day Tea Road through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed Cooperative Initiative"issued (at the 8. (find)the connection between the two ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry great writers. to come together to promote international cooperation 100 7 cultural exchanges.A four-year tea from around the world to have thirty-six hours of promotion-Tea Road Cooperative Plan-was uninterrupted live broadcasts. also issued in accordance with the initiative. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was 8. (strengthen)the connection with officially unveiled (at the ceremony, young people,the event included a number of opening 10. (it)first exhibition:The public promotional activities on social media, Avenue of Truth-A Special Exhibition of Pu'er 9. (invite)twenty-nine tea professionals Tea. 题组三 叔 Cloze1(2024·浙江卷1月，15分) If your supermarket sells loose produce, 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单 then buying smaller quantities is easier.Over the 曼 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 last two years,some supermarkets 7. The shelves in most supermarkets are full of(start)selling chicken or salad in packs 8. 即 family-size this and multi-buy that.However,if(design)with two halves containing separate you're shopping for one,buying extra 1. portions ()Then,when you use one section, benefit)from price reductions doesn't make 、 9. other stays fresh. sense.Either your shopping is then too heavy to Who knows,perhaps some of the more carry home 2. you can't use what forward-looking 10. (one)may yet 带 you've bought while it's still fresh. come out with a whole range of“just for you” Of course,shops are not charities they pack sizes with special offers as well. 弥 price goods in the way 3. will make Cl0ze2(2021·全国甲卷，15分) them the most money.If most of their customers 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单 会 are happy to buy larger quantities,that's 4. 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 烂 they'll promote..But that leaves the solo(单独) The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing"buy city wall that has survived China's long history.It one get one free"promotions because of the (build)originally to protect the city 抵 2 蝶 5. (criticize)that they lead to waste. the Tang dynasty and has now been Consumers prefer money off individual items. completely restored(修复).It is possible3. 郑 However,though it's nice to get a few cents off a :(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers. pack of sausages,it would help even more if they We accessed the wall through the South 问 could sometimes 6. (offer)in smaller Gate.The wall is 12 meters high and from here packs.Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want you can see streams of people moving inside and to eat them every day. outside the City Wall. 101 After 4. (spend)some time looking at someone is a healthy weight.It is calculated by all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it dividing a 3. (person)weight in kg by was time for some action and what 5. their height in meters squared,and a BMI of (good)than to ride on a piece of history! between 19 and 25 4. consider) We 6. (hire)our bikes from the healthy. rental place at the South Gate.My bike was old The study found that between 1985 and and shaky 7. did the job.It took us 2017,average rural BMI increased 5. about 3 hours to go all 8. way around 2.1 in women and men.In cities,however,the the Xi'an City Wall.Supposedly you can do it in gain 6. (be)1.3 in women and 1.6 in two hours,but we stopped at the different gates men.The researchers described "striking changes" and 9. (watchtower)to take pictures or in the geography of BMI.In 1985,urban men and just to watch the local people going about their women in more than three quarters of the countries 10. (day)routines. 个 (study)had higher BMIs than men and Cloze3(2021·浙江卷，15分) women in rural areas.But 30 years later,the BMI 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 difference between urban and rural people in In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass many countries had narrowed 8. Index(体重指数)across200 countries,the 、 (sharp). scientists found that people worldwide are getting This may be due to some disadvantages for heavier 1. that most of the rise is due to people 9. (live)in the countryside, gains in BMI in rural areas. 、 including 10. (low)levels of income and BMI is an internationally recognized measurement education, higher costs of healthy foods,and tool 2. gives an indication of whether fewer sports facilities. 题组四 Cloze1(2024·全国甲卷，15分) relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单in3. is now northwestern Wyoming. 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 They 4. be)part of a 15-member Although parks of all sizes and types exist at exploring party that had spent almost five any level,the national parks,in particular,tend awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties 1. (catch)our attention because of their there. large size and variety.They are 2. What should 5. (do)with such a (treasure)of American heritage ()How did beautiful place?They wondered out loud.This the national park system come about?On a cool,area,with 6. (it)unique and breathtaking starry night in mid-September 1870,four men:natural beauty,must be well preserved 7. 102 all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national: The 9. remark)development of park.They all agreed and vowed (to this city,which is consciously designed to protect promote the idea at the 8. (complete)of the past while stepping into the modern world, their journey.Their promotional work paid off.Two:10. (mean)there is always something years later,18 years before Wyoming became a:new to discover here,and I could be photographing state,Yellowstone became the first national park Beijing for the next 50 years. in the United States and the world.Yellowstone Cl0ze3(2022·全国甲卷，15分) was the 9. large)United States 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell- 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Saint Elias in southern Alaska,10. A visually-challenged man from Beijing became a national monument in 1978,took the recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xi'an,as a first honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 step 1. (journey)the Belt and Road million acres. route(路线)by foot. On the 1,100-kilometer journey,the man Cloze2(2023·全国乙卷，15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单 Cao Shengkang,2. lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident,crossed 40 cities 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 and counties in three provinces.Inspired by the Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation modern.From Buddhist temples to museums, 3 (hold)in Beijing,Cao decided to cover narrow hutong 1. royal palaces,it is the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬)to the home to more than 3,000 years of glorious ancient Silk Road.4. friend of his,Wu history even down to its layout,with the city Fan,volunteered to be his companion during the keeping its carefully 2. (build)system trip. of ring roads. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is road,in order to promote environmental 5. also a place 3. welcomes the fast-paced (protect).Cao believes this will make the hiking development of modern life,with 21st-century trip even more 6. (meaning).The two of architectural 4. (wonder)standing side them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles by side with historical buildings of the past. along the 40-day journey. It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that In the last five years,Cao 7. (walk) shouldn't work,5. somehow these two through 34 countries in six continents,and in very different worlds make a good combination.2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa's 6. (visit)several times over the last 108. (high)mountain. years,I 7. (amaze)by the co-existence of Now,Cao has started the second part of his old and new,and how a city was able to keep dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.He such a rich heritage (while constantly flew 4,700 kilometers 9. Xi'an to growing.As a photographer,I have spent the last two Kashgar on Sept.20,10. (plan)to hike years 8. (record)everything I discovered. back to Xi'an in five months. 103 题组五 Cloze1(2025·全国Ⅱ卷，15分) 、 Cloze2(2023·全国甲卷，10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was born and raised in Cleveland,Ohio in For thousands of years,people have told the United States.Yet now,I live in the fables (1. (teach)a lesson or to countryside of Zhejiang,China with my Chinese pass on wisdom.Fables were part of the oral husband and his family,1. bamboo and tradition of many early cultures,and the well- tea bushes(灌木)grow wild in the mountains, known Aesop's fables date to the 2. chickens are always free-range,and 2. (six)century,B.C.Yet,the form of the fable (center)heating doesn't exist. still has values today,3. Rachel Carson Nothing in my life before prepared me says in“A Fable for Tomorrow.” 3. this one-and to be sure,the first Carson uses a simple,direct style common to fables.In fact,her style and tone(口吻)are time I came here I never imagined I would ever seemingly directed at children."There was once a feel comfortable in this area.But it's amazing how town in the heart of America 4. all life you can adapt 4. learn in a new seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its environment.Over time,I've found 5. surroundings,"her fable begins,5. (I )feeling extremely at home here.And in the (borrow)some familiar words from many age-old process,I've experienced things that really fables.Behind the simple style,however,is a surprise me at times.The“sunshine scent(香味)” serious message 6. intend for of freshly sunned clothes 6. (be)one of everyone. them. 7. difference)from traditional Growing up,my family and our neighbors fables,Carson's story ends with an accusation never used clotheslines to dry clothing,denying 、 instead of a moral.She warns of the environmental me the chance 7. (discover)one of thedangers facing society,and she teaches that great wonders of sunshine-the sweet"sunshine people must take responsibility 8. saving scent"after sunning clothes for an entire day.The their environment. sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where The themes of traditional fables often deal I live,thanks to the 8. (absent)of smog with simple truths about everyday life.However, and plenty of blue sky 9. (afternoon)Carson's theme is a more weighty 9. with lots of fresh air. (warn)about environmental destruction.Carson If you've never experienced the "sunshine proves that a simple literary form that has been scent"from a sheet or shirt 10. (leave);passed down through the ages can still 10. to sun for a day,well,you're missing out on one (employ)today to draw attention to important of life's wonders. truths. 104 Cloze3(2023·浙江1月，15分) Cl0ze4(2021·全国乙卷，15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During China's dynastic period,emperors Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact()travel to undisturbed places.It is planned the city of Beijing 1. arranged different from traditional tourism because it allows the residential areas according to social classes. the traveler to become 1. (educate)about The term“hutong”,2. original) the areas-both in terms of geographical 叔 meaning“water well'”in Mongolian,appeared conditions and cultural characteristics,and often first during the Yuan Dynasty. provides money for conservation and benefits the In the Ming Dynasty,the center was the 2 (develop)of the local areas. Forbidden City,3. surround in Ecotourism has 3. (it)origin with concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was Outer City.Citizens of higher social classes not widely accepted as a travel concept 4. 孙 4. (permit)to live closer to the center of the late 1980s.During that time,increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. the circles.The large siheyuan of these high- Due to 5. growing popularity of ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often environmentally-related and adventure travel, 5. feature)beautifully carved and various types 6. trips are now being 罩 painted roof beams and pillars().The hutongs classified as ecotourism.Actually,a true eco- they formed were orderly,lined by 6. friendly trip must meet the following principles: 弥 (space)homes and walled gardens.Farther from Minimize the impact of 7. (visit) the center lived the commoners and laborers. the place. 令 Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and Build respect for and awareness of the 烂 7 (simple)in design and decoration, environment and cultural practices. ·Provide8. (finance)aid and and the hutongs were narrower. other benefits for local peoples. Hutongs represent an important cultural element Make sure that the tourism provides 抵 of the city of Beijing.Thanks to Beijing's long history positive experiences for both the visitors and the 蝶 the capital of China,almost every hutong hosts. has its stories,and some are even associated with his- Komodo National Park,officially recognized 尔 toric 9. (event).In contrast to the court life in 1980,is popular for ecotourism because of its and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden unique biodiversity.9. (activity)there 问 City,the Summer Palace,and the Temple of Heaven,range from whale watching to hiking()and the hutongs reflect 10. culture of grassroots accommodations aim 10. (have)a low Beijingers. impact on the natural environment 1053.B[根据上文中的“The first time we1 there'”和下文 中的“some tomatoes and a bottle of wine'"可以推测，Mario 应该是作者的邻居(neighbor)。] 4.C[根据上一空可知，Mari0是作者的邻居，他在作者第一 次到来的时候，作者带来(bring)一些西红柿和一瓶葡萄 酒以示欢迎。」 5.D[根据上文可知，Mario在作者第一次到来的时候，给作 者送礼物。结合常识可知，这是一种善意的表示 (gesture),故选D项。choice'“选择，挑选，抉择”；comment “议论，评论，解释”；gesture"“(表明感情或意图的)姿态，表 示”。] 6.A[根据下文中的“because they were so misshapen'”可以推 测，ario送来了一些奇形怪状的西红柿，这让作者很担忧 (worried)。thrilled非常兴奋，极为激动”；bored“厌烦的”。] 7.C[根据下文中的“you get in a supermarket'”可知，空处讲 的是超市里的西红柿的情况。结合生活常识可知，超市里 的西红柿看起来漂亮、圆圆的而又有光泽(shiny)。shiny “光亮的，锃亮的，反光的，有光泽的”。] 8.BL根据上文中对西红柿的描述及“the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签)onit”可知，由于西 红柿外观不好，酒很浑浊，且酒瓶老旧，没有标签，作者觉 得这瓶葡萄酒的质量也好(g00d)不到哪里去。] 9.B[根据上文可知，作者第一次来，Mrio就给作者送礼 物。因此，哪怕礼物看起来不怎么好，作者对Mario的善良 还是很感激的(thankful for)。be sympathetic to“对…表 示同情”；be thankful for“对…表示感激”；be cautious about'“对…谨慎”；be interested in'“对…感兴趣”。] l0.A[根据下文中的“Those tomatoes had a 13_that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child'"和“it was 17”可知，作者还是试着(tried) 吃了西红柿，并试喝了葡萄酒。] 1l.C[根据下文中的“Those tomatoes had a 13that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child”可知，西红柿很好吃，因此只根据西红柿奇形 怪状的外表就判断它不好，这是不明智的(unwise)。 uncertain“犹豫，不确定的”。] 12.AL根据上文中的“we were6 because they were so misshapen'”可知，作者之前就根据西红柿的外表对其进行 了评判，这里作者表示仅凭你吃的东西的外表作评判是不明 智的。appearance'“外表，外貌”origin“起源，源头，起因”。] 13.D「根据常识可知，应该是西红柿的味道(taste)让作者 想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，且这一点也可以通过下 文的“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but taste of water'”进行印证。] l4.B[根据上文中的“the nice,round,7 things you get in a supermarket'”可知，超市里的西红柿看起来(look)很 完美。] 15.A[根据上文提到的超市里的西红柿看起来很完美，但 寡而无味和常识可知，这样的西红柿无法给人们留下美 好的(happy)回忆。vivid“(记忆、描述等)生动的，逼真 的，（光、颜色等）鲜艳的，鲜明的”；vgue“不明确的，不清 楚的，（形状）模糊的”。] 16.D[上文对超市卖的西红柿进行了吐槽，本句依然是对 这些西红柿的吐槽。根据“It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones'”可知，此处作者是在吐槽人 们为什么不把西红柿种成方的，这样还好包装(pack)呢。] 17.AL结合空前的“Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”可知，Mario的酒可能是浑浊 的，是从一个旧瓶子里倒出来的，但是他的酒完美 -15 (perfect)。convenient'“方便的，便利的”；familiar'“熟悉的， 常见的，普通的”。] l8.C[根据上文中的“It's good to eat things at the correct time”和常识可知，当季的(in season)食物是可口的。on view“展览着”；on sale“出售，折价销售”；in season'“当季 的”；in need“贫图的，困难中的”。] 19.D[根据上文可知，Mario送来的西红柿是当地的，结合 上文中的“as close as possible'”也可以判断，作者认为要吃 离种植(grown)地尽可能近的食物。store“贮存，储藏”。] 20.B[此处呼应上文中的“coming to4_us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”,故选 B项。] 专题四 语法填空 考点十三语篇填空 题组一 Cloze 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一社会与文化 —一服装租赁服务 文章大意：时尚的代价推动服装租赁业的兴起。服装租赁满 足了人们对独特着装的需求，同时也符合共亨经济的发展 趋势。 l.a[冠词way“方式”是可数名词，此处表示一种新的穿 衣方式的兴起，表泛指，new的发音以辅音音素开头，故填 不定冠词a。句意：时尚的经济和环境代价推动了一种新 的穿衣方式的兴起，而这种方式在澳大利亚也开始流行 起来。] 2.times[名词复数time在此意为“次，回”，是可数名词， 其前有fewer修饰，故填复数形式times。.] 3.on/upon[介词此处考查固定搭配focus on/,upon“集中 注意力于…”，故填on/upon。本题易被instead误导， instead意为“反而，相反地”，是表示转折的副词，位置比较 灵活。] 4.and[并列连词分析句子结构可知，“that they have something unique to wear...contributing to landfill" that引导的同位语从句。结合句意可知，“have something unique to wear”和“are not overstuffing their own wardrobes(衣柜)or contributing to landfil”是并列关系，故 填and。句意：如今的消费者不再介意衣服是二手的，而是 关注他们有独特的衣服可穿，不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满 的，也不会增加垃圾填埋场的负担。] 5.to rent[非谓语动词句子主千是Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes,空处在此作非谓语。结合句意可知， “5. _rather than purchase them outright'”在此作目 的状语，故用动词不定式to rent。句意：Tanya的店为女 性提供时尚服装，以便女性可以租赁而不是直接购买这些 服装，这为一次性活动的着装提供了一个稍微便宜的解决 方案。] 6.solution[名词空处作providing的宾语，其前有冠词和 形容词修饰，故填名词solution。] 7.is[动词的时态和主谓一致“men have been renting good suits for decades”是对“The concept7. certainly not new”这句话的解释说明。此处描述客观事 实，应用一般现在时；主语“The concept'”是单数。故 填is。] 8.which[定语从句空前句是完整的句子，不缺成分；空 后句中的package和offer都缺少宾语，故空处应该引导非 限制性定语从句，指代空前表物的less formal clothing,故 填which。句意：除了特殊场合的礼服，Tanya还在寻找不 太正式的服装，她计划把这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱，提供 给比如前往国外参加婚礼的旅行者等，租期较长。] 9.people's[名词所有格空处修饰名词lives,应用名词所 有格形式，故填people's,表示“人们的”。] l0.returning[非谓语动词此处考查固定用法mean doing sth.“意味着做…”，故用动词-ig形式作宾语，填 returning。] Cloze 2 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一社会文化 围棋主题艺术展 文章大意：本文介绍了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为 灵感的艺术展览，展示了围棋文化与当代艺术、科技的融合， 旨在通过视觉艺术的形式呈现围棋的抽象性和哲学内涵。 l.which[定语从句本句的主千是“An exhibition is featuring artwork'”,结构完整，故本空需要一个引导非限制 性定语从句的关系词，因为从句中缺少主语，且先行词 “Go”指代物，因此用关系代词which。句意：上海久事美 术馆的一场展览重，点介绍以G0(中文称“围棋”)为灵感的 艺术作品，围棋在4000多年前起源于中国。] 2.the[冠词“one of-十the十adj,最高级”为固定搭配，表 示“最…的…之一”，故填定冠词the。句意：围棋是最 早的基于二元的比赛之一。] 3.to present[非谓语动词本空考查“hope to do sth.”结 构，表示“希望做某事”，故填to present。句意：我们希望将 相当抽象的围棋比赛与人工智能置于视觉背景中呈现，并 以极简主义艺术、概念艺术和表现主义开启对话。] 4.guidance[名词空处在物主代词your之后，需要一个 名词作follow的宾语，表示“引导”，故填guidance。] 5.are revealed[动词的时态、语态和主谓一致空处是谓 语动词，此处描述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时。主语 The players'personalities是复数，与reveal是被动关系， 应用被动语态。故填are revealed。句意：“棋手的性格会 在对局中显现出来，一个人的弱点也会暴露给对手，”她补 充说道。] 6.tries[动词的时态和主谓一致主语是单数名词 winner,此处描述的是客观事实，因此用第三人称单数形 式，故填tries。句意：一个体面的胜者总是试图以不超过 一两分的优势打败对手，以示对对手的尊重。] 7.by[介词此处考查介词by的用法，表示“以…之 差”。] 8.strategic[形容词本空需填一个形容词修饰名词 placement,表示“策略上的”，故填strategic。句意：屠（宁 宁)表示，黑白棋子的平衡，棋子战略性布局的美感，以及 每一步棋所带来的能量流动，激发了艺术家们为这次展览 创作油画、雕塑、数字生成图像以及丝网印刷作品。] 9.and[并列连词分析句子结构可知，空处和the balance between the black and white pieces the beauty in the 8_(strategy)placement of the pieces是并列的平行关 系，应用and连接。] l0.digitally[副词本空在过去分词generated之前，应用 副词修饰，表示“数字生成地”，故填digitally。] Cloze 3 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会—社会与文化 一中西方文化互鉴 文章大意：本文介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中 新建成的玻璃温室。 l.engineering[非谓语动词空处修饰空后的名词 techniques,在句中作定语，说明名词的作用，故填动名词 engineering。此处表示“最新的设计制造技术”。] 1 2,functional[形容词空处与Protective并列，修饰空后 的名词structure,应用形容词形式，故填functional“实用 的”。句意：最新的工程技术被应用于创建这种兼具保护性 和功能性且还美观的结构。] 技巧点拨：高中英语语法填空中常考“动词（十定语）十名词” 的动宾结构，如本题和第7题。在判断该结构时，考生需要 注意宾语（名词）前面一般是一个或多个定语（形容词）。这 里“create十structure'”是一个完整的动宾结构，this、protective 和设空处是并列定语修饰structure。 3.to give[非谓语动词空处所在句的谓语动词是open, 空处应用非谓语动词。根据语境可知此处表示目的，故填 不定式to give。句意：在温暖的日子里，这些萼片会打开 以给内部植物（提供）阳光和新鲜空气。] 4.closed[形容词空前的stays作系动词，表示“保持”， 空处作表语，表示“关闭的”，故应用形容词closed。] 技巧点拨：3空和4空所在句讲在“warm days'”和“cold weather'”这两种天气中，萼片的对应表现，3空呼应4空所在 句中的“to protect”,而4空与上文中的“open”形成了对比，即 反义表达。close也可作形容词，但其含义是“（在空间、时间 上)接近：亲密的”，与语境不符。 5.wlks[动词的时态、语态和主谓一致分析句子结构可 知，空处在句中作谓语。本句描述了the Silk Route Garden 的客观情况，时态用一般现在时；此处时态也可以根据下 文中的“contains.·guides...offers”判断；walk在此作动 词，表示“（循序渐进地）教，逐步引导”，与主语the Silk Route Garden之间为主动关系；主语表示第三人称单数。 所以填walks。] 技巧点拨：此处与下文中的“guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road”结构相同，考生也可以借此 判断walk的正确形式。 6.theL冠词此处考查固定表达for the first time,意为“第 一次”，所以填the。] 7.favourites[名词复数分析句子结构可知，空处作动词 included的宾语，前面的modern Western为定语，所以此 处应填名词；根据空后的举例“such as rosemary,lavender and fennel”可知，空处表示复数概念。故填favourites。 favourite在此处为可数名词，表示“特别喜爱的事物”。] 8.s[介词结合语境“该玻璃温室作为当代设计的伟大成 就而存在”可知，空处需要填as。] 9.that/which[定语从句分析句子结构可知，空处引导定 语从句，先行词为表示物的名词短语the Silk Route,关系 词在从句中作主语，所以填that/which。] l0.richness[名词空处跟在定冠词the之后，且空后的of gardening对空处进行限定，因此应填名词richness。] Cloze 4 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍中国的特色小 吃小笼包，包括其吃法、发源地等。 1.tasty[空处与空前的形容词hot并列，修饰空后的名词 soup,故空处填形容词tasty。] 2.to bite「此处考查“whether十不定式”结构，空处与下文 的to put是并列关系。] 3.or[whether..or..“是…还是…”是固定搭配。句 意：要吃一个小笼包，你必须决定是先把小笼包咬个小口， 把热气释放出来，冒着汤汁溢出来的风险，还是把整个包 子塞进嘴里，让热汤在你的舌头上爆开。 4.recognized[此处表示“得到认可的小笼包的发源地”。空 处在句中作定语，修饰名词home,且与home之间是逻辑 上的动宾关系，故填过去分词recognized。] 5.by[by hand'“用手工”，是固定搭配。故填by。] 6.to be lifted[空前的them指代上文的xiao long bao,此处 表示“小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来”。them与lift是逻辑上 的动宾关系，此处构成allow sth.to be done结构，意为“允 许某事被做”，故空处填to be lifted。] 7.their[此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰空后 的名词contents,表示“不会使包子开裂，或者溢出包子里 的任何东西”。 8.a[a touch of“少许，微量”，是固定搭配。句意：肉应该新 鲜，带着一丝甜味；汤汁要热、清澈并且美味。注意：and后 面的并列分句承前省略了should be。 9.rarely[此处enough为形容词，其前应用副词修饰，故填 rarely'“几乎不”。] 1l0.wanting[分析句子结构可知，此处考查“leave sb.doing sh.”结构，表示“使我想着下次多吃点”。] Cloze 5 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了“我”教 熊猫饲养员英语的经历。 1.arrival分析句子结构可知，空处作介词before的宾语， 跟在定冠词the的后面，需要用名词，arrive的名词形式是 arrival。故填arrival。] 2.confident[根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与空前的 形容词comfortable并列，同作feel的表语，因此，空处也需 要填形容词。故填confident。句意：自20l7年6月，就在 两只新大熊猫“梦梦”和“娇庆”到来之前，我一直在帮助动 物园的熊猫饲养员更自在、更自信地讲英语。] 3.to/with[根据下文中的“Not the pandas..They talk to the flood of international tourists”可知，此处的意思是“他 们和谁说英语呢”。故填to/with。] 4.the[空后为可数名词单数language,因此，空处考虑使用 冠词起限定作用，根据language后的“used for the medical training instructions”可知，此处表特指，所以空处应该填定 冠词the。] 5.visiting[分析句子结构可知，空处作前置定语，修饰空后 的“Chinese zookeepers”,visit与Chinese zookeepers之间 为逻辑上的主谓关系，此处意为“来访的中国动物园管理 员”，所以空处需要填visiting。句意：他们要和蜂拥而来的 国际游客，以及来访的中国动物园管理员交谈。这些动物 园管理员会经常来为从中国借来的大熊猫做检查。] 6.interviews[分析句子结构可知，空处作动词give的宾语， 需要用名词。根据空后的“with international journalists (和国际记者)”可知，空处表示复数意义，所以空处需要填 interviews。J 7.wy根据句意“他们还需要随时准备好接受国际记者的 英文采访。这就是他们需要一个英语老师的原因”可知， 此处考查固定句型“This is why..”,所以空处需要 填why。」 8.Basically[分析句子结构可知，空处作副词修饰整个句 子。由于本空位于句首，首字母需要大写，所以空处需要 填Basically。句意：那么，他们在学什么呢？总的说来，他 们在学习如何描述大熊猫的生活。] 9.and[分析句子结构可知，空前的“to watch...develop”和 空后的“to see.,,home”结构相似，空处考虑使用连词。结 合句意“能够关注大熊猫项目的发展并看着大熊猫在新的 住处安顿下来是一种荣幸”可知，空处前后是语意上的并 列关系，所以空处应该填and。] l0.wished[根据空前的“As a little girl'”和空后的“when I grew up"“Now,I'm living out that dream”可知，空处讲的 是作者小时候的愿望，故时态应用一般过去时，所以空处 需要填wished。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望我长大后 成为一名动物园管理员。] 15 Cloze 6 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国政府 决定建立大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。 l,Covering考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为 黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。 cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP是主谓关系，应用动词 -ing形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。] 2.the[考查冠词。本句的结构为：倍数十the size of十比较 成份。故填the。 3.were[考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范 围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫 保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不 一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语， 先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作 主语，根据“previously(之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般 过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语为复数，谓语用复数形 式。故填were。] 4,to increase[考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作非谓语作 目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。故填to increase。] 5,is designed[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生 物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然 资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语 The GPNP之间为动宾关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在 时。故应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填s designed。] 6.and[考查连词。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故 填and。 7.populations[考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善 不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生 大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并 列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population(种群)的复数 形式。故填populations。] 8.eventually[考查副词。设空处后为动词achieve,设空处 应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填 eventually。] 9,as[考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为 中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语： serve as(充当)。故填as。] l0.that[考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活 在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并 显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。引导限制性定语从 句，在从句中作指代物主语，先行词为species,.且由all修 饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。] 题组二 Cloze 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会—文化交流— 莎士比亚和汤显祖的相似之处 文章大意：为纪念素有“东方莎士比亚”之称的汤显祖，一座 凉亭在莎士比亚的故乡建立，此举提高了莎士比亚故乡的国 际知名度。来此地的游客惊奇地发现东西方的这两位伟大 作家的作品有一些共性。 1.who[定语从句先行词是Tang Xianzu,从句中缺少主 语，且空前有逗号，故应用w0引导非限制性定语从句。] 2.themes[名词复数根据“there are'”可知，此处应用名词 复数themes。句意：虽然他们可能从未见过面，但是他们 的作品中有共同的主题。] 3.were[动词的时态和主谓一致主语是Some of the things,且此处描述过去的事，故填were。句意：汤显祖所 写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的事。] 4.to[介词be similar to是固定短语，意为“与…相似”。 句意：我恰好发现汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》和《罗密欧与朱 丽叶》在一些方面相似。] 5.inspired[过去分词根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此 空应用非谓语动词；inspire与a six-meter-tall pavilion之间 为动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填inspired。句意： 两年后，受《牡丹亭》的启发，一座六米高的凉亭被建在离 莎士比亚出生地仅有十分钟的步行路程的杉园。门 6.was built[动词的时态和语态空处在句中作谓语，主语 是a six-meter-tall pavilion,与build之间是被动关系，此处描述 过去的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。 7.visibility[名词international是形容词，应修饰名词。 visible的名词形式为visibility,表示“知名度”。此处表示 这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福的国际知名度。] 8.to find[动词不定式be amazed to do sth.是固定搭配， 意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。此处表示游客惊讶地发现这 两位伟大的作家之间的联系。] 9.Recalling[现在分词此句已有谓语动词said,recall与 主语Edmondson之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语， 故填Recalling。句意：Edmondson回忆起在上海观看莎士 比亚的戏剧《理查三世》的中文版，以及见到几年前来到斯 特拉特福表演《牡丹亭》片段的中国演员，他说：“听到中文 以及看到汤显祖的戏剧如何被表演是非常令人兴奋的。”门 l0.and[连词hear the Chinese language和see how Tang's play was being performed是并列关系，故此处应 用and连接两个不定式短语，and后承前省略不定式符 号to。] Cloze 2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍为了庆祝 第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。 1.by[考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将 5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。“今年”表示被动，使用固 定结构“be十动词-ed形式十by”。故填by。] 2.the[考查冠词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的 中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。] 3.addressed[考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开 幕式上致辞。陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填 addressed。] 4.largest[考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和 最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与 其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和 常识可知，用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。] 5.responsibility[不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。 故填responsibility。] 6.shared[考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运 共同体。非谓语动词作定语修饰名词future。share和名 词future之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用动词-ed形式。 故填shared。] 1 7.and[考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万 里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作 和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故 填and。] 8.To strengthen[考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻 人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活 动，邀请了来自世界各地的二十九名茶叶专业人士进行三 十六小时不间断的直播。表达“为了加强与年轻人的联 系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。] 9.inviting[考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主 语the event与invite之间为主谓关系，所以用动词-ing形 式作状语。故填inviting。] 10.its[考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式 揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真一普洱茶专题 展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。] 题组三 Cloze 1 语篇类型：新闻报道主题语境：人与社会—社会现象 一营销手段 文章大意：超市促销所推行的家庭装或多次购买策略不再受 欢迎，相反散装或小包装商品更受顾客青睐。 1.to benefit[动词不定式分析句子结构可知，空处在句 中作非谓语。根据空前的“buying extra”和空后的“from price reductions”可知，此处指多买一些为了从降价中获 益，所以应用不定式作目的状语。] 2.or[固定句式either..·or.,意为“要么…要么 …”,为固定句式，所以此处应用连词Or。] 3.that/which[定语从句分析句子结构可知，空处引导定 语从句。从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way。所以应用关 系代词that或which。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构 他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。] 4.wht[名词性从句分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语 从句。从句中缺少宾语，且指事物，所以应用连接代词 what。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那 他们就会推广。] 5.criticism[名词根据空前的“because of the”可知，空处 应用名词作宾语。空后的tht引导同位语从句，说明空处 名词的具体内容。故填criticism“批评”。] 6.be offered[动词的语态分析句子结构可知，此处考查 谓语动词。offer作动词，意为“提供”，主语they代指前文 中的sausages,与offer构成被动关系。且空前有情态动词 could。故应填be offered。.句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便 宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能提供小包装，那就更 好了。] 7.have started[动词的时态、语态和主谓一致根据句中 时间状语“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完 成时。主语为复数名词supermarkets,与start之间是主动 关系。故填have started。] 8.designed[过去分词分析句子结构可知，此处考查非谓 语动词短语作后置定语。design和逻辑主语packs之间构 成动宾关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。门 9.the[冠词the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此 处应用定冠词the。」 10.ones[代词代词one意为“（某类人中的）一个”，在 some of后应用复数形式。] Cloze 2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述西安城墙 的历史及文化。 l.was built[主语It代指The Xi'an City Wall,.与build是 动宾关系，结合时间状语 the Tang dynasty可知， 用一般过去时的被动语态。] 2.in/during[在唐朝，应用介词in/during。] 3.to walk[本句为It's十adi.十to do sth结构，故填to walk。] 4.spending[after为介词，其后应接spend的动词-ing形式 作宾语。] 5.better根据空后的than可知，应用good的比较级 形式。] 6.hired[描述过去的经历，用一般过去时，故填hired。] 7.but[句意：我的自行车又旧又摇晃，但还能用。前后构成 转折关系，故用but。] 8.the[沿着西安古城墙一路走了3个小时，all the way,意 为“一路”。] 9.watchtowers[watchtower是可数名词，被different修饰， 且与gates并列，故应用复数形式。] 1l0.daily[作前置定语修饰名词routines,应用形容词 daily。J Cloze 3 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地 的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的体重指数 (BMI)增加了，并分析了其中的原因。 1.and[考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指 数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越 来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析 句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. 都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。] 2.that/which[考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种 国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健 康。分析句子结构可知，t00l是先行词，且在从句中作主 语，故填that/which。] 3.person's[考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一 个人的体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方，BMI在19到25 之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰 weight的，用person的所有格person's。故填person's。] 4.is considered[考查动词语态及主谓一致。句意：它的计 算方法是用一个人的体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方， BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可 知，句子缺少谓语，主语(aBMI)是单数，时态是一般现在 时，且主语和consider是表动宾关系，故填is considered。] 5.by[考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村 女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.l。increase by表示“增加 了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值 (18.5一23.9)可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。] 6.ws[考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在城市中， 女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句 子缺少谓语，主语(gain)是单数，时态是一般过去时，故 填was。] 7.studied[考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国 家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMs高于农村 地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是 had,所以study用非谓语形式，它和逻辑主语countries之 间是动宾关系，故填studied。」 8.sharply[考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和 农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知， sharp是要修饰动词narrow,用sharp的副词形式sharply。 故填sharply。] 1 9.living[考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农 村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较 高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构 可知，句子已有谓语动词may be,故live用非谓语形式，它 和逻辑主语people之间是主谓关系，作定语，用现在分词 形式，故填living。] 10.lower[考查形容词比较级。句意同上。分析句子结构 可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面有higher 和fewer,是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故 填lower。] 题组四 Cloze 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会—历史与文化 一美国国家公园系统 文章大意：文章讲述了美国国家公园系统的起源。 1.to catch[非谓语动词根据句意并分析句子结构可知， 句中已有谓语tend,此处应填非谓语。tend to do sth.“往 往会做某事”为固定用法，故填to catch。] 2.treasures[名词复数根据空前的are和空后的of可知， 空处应用名词复数，故填treasures。句意：它们是美国遗 产中的珍宝。] 3.what[宾语从句分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从 句且在宾语从句中作主语，故填what。句意：l870年9月 中旬，一个凉爽的繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在位于现在 怀俄明州西北部的火洞河河边的营火前放松。] 4.were[时态和主谓一致结合文章时态和句意可知，此 处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；主语是They,be动 词应用复数形式。故填were。] 5.be done[动词的语态主语What与do之间是被动关 系，应用被动语态；空前的should是情态动词，其后用动词 原形。故填be done。] 6.ts[形容词性物主代词根据句意并分析句子结构可 知，空处修饰后面的beauty,应用形容词性物主代词，故填 ts。句意：这个地区有着它独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景， 必须作为国家公园保护好，以供全国人民欣赏。] 7.f0r[介词根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处缺少介 词，应用for(表示对象、用途等)给，对，供”。] 8.completion[名词根据前面的the和后面的of可知，空 处应用名词，故填completion。句意：在旅行结束时他们都 同意（这个想法）并承诺要推广这个想法。] 9.largest[形容词最高级根据空前的the及句意可知，空 处应用形容词最高级，表示“最大的”。] 10.which[非限制性定语从句分析句子结构可知，空处 引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词是 Wrangell--Saint Elias,故填which。] Cloze 2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。北京市在保护古代文化 遗产的同时发展城市，为世界各国树立了榜样。 1,t0[from.to..“从…到…”，是固定用法。] 2.built L此处为with复合结构。system of ring roads与 build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。故填 built。] 3.that/which「分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且 在从句中作主语，先行词为place,故填that/which。] 4.wonders[wonder在此表示“奇迹，奇观”，是可数名词， 其前无限定词修饰，应用复数。故填wonders。] 5.but/yet[前后分句间是转折关系，故填but/yet。] 6.Having visited[结合句意及句中的状语“several times over the last 10 years'”可知，visit所表示的动作已经发生多 次，且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。故填Having visited。J 7.am amazed[句意：在过去的l0年里，我来过几次，我惊叹 于新与旧的共存，以及一个城市如何能够在不断发展的同 时保持如此丰富的遗产。此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现 在时；I和amaze之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填 am amazed。] &.recording[此处考查“spend some time doing something” 结构，故填recording。] 9.remarkable[空处在句中作定语，修饰名词development, 应用形容词。故填remarkable'“非凡的，卓越的”。] l0.means[文章的主时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般 现在时；句子的主语为“The9(remark)development of this city'”,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填means。] Cloze 3 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一个失明 的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。 l.to journey考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京 的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的 第一步。journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词， 应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。] 2.wh0[考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁 时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城 市和县。引导非限定性定语从句，指代人，在从句中作主 语，应用关系代词who。故填who。] 3.held[考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带 一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路 线，以向古代丝绸之路致数。句子已有谓语动词decided, 所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间 为逻辑动宾关系，应用动词-d形式，作后置定语，表被动。 故填held。 4.A[考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为 他的同伴。泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend发音 以辅音音素开头，应用，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故 填A。] 5.protection[考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以 促进环境保护。有形容词environmental修饰应用名词， Protection表示“保护”，是不可数名词。故填Protection。] 6.meaningful[考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步 旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词 meaningful作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。] 7.has walked[考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹 步行穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马 扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单 数，助动词用has。故填has walked。] 8.highest[考查形容词最高级。根据空前Africa's可知，表 示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。 故填highest。 9.from[考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的 西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句 意和Xi'an to Kashgar可知，表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用 介词from,固定搭配from.,to.,表示“从…到…”。 故填from。] l0.planning[考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词flew, 所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语 He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用动词-ig形式，表主动。故 填planning。] 1s 题组五 Cloze 1 语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我一异国生活 中国浙江乡村生活经历和感受 文章大意：作者从美国克利夫兰移居中国浙江乡村，起初未 想过会感到舒适自在，却逐渐适应。她体验到阳光下晒衣的 “阳光香”，感慨乡村生活的美好。 1.where[定语从句根据语境可知，空处引导非限制性定 语从句，先行词是the countryside of Zhejiang,China,从句 成分完整，故用where,相当于in which。句意：但是现在， 我和我的中国丈夫及他的家人住在中国浙江的乡下，那里 山上有野生竹子和茶树，鸡都是放养的，没有中央供暖。] 2.central[形容词分析句子结构可知，空处作定语，修饰 名词heating,应用形容词。central“中央的”，故填 central.。 3.for[介词prepare sb.for sth.是固定用法，意为“使某人 为某事做好准备”，故填介词f0r。句意：在我之前的生活 里，没有什么能让我为这种生活做好准备一可以肯定的 是，我第一次来这里的时候，我从没想过我会在这个地方 感到舒适。] 4.and[连词分析句子成分可知，adapt和learn都是谓语 动词，两者为并列关系，应用连词and。句意：但是，你能如 何在新的环境中适应和学习这件事是令人惊奇的。] 5.myself[代词“find oneself-十分词”表示“发现自己处于 某种状态”，这里主语是I,应用反身代词myself。句意：渐 渐地，我发现自己在这里感到无比自在。门 6.isL动词的时态和主谓一致本句的主语是sunshine scent,句中缺少谓语，根据句意和上文时态可知，此处描述 的是客观情况，应用一般现在时，故填5。句意：刚晒的衣 服的“阳光香味”就是其中之一。] 7.to discoverL非谓语动词the chance to do sth.是固定用 法，意为“做某事的机会”，应填to discover作后置定语。 句意：在我成长的过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣 绳来晾衣服，这让我失去了发现阳光的一大奇迹的机 会—把衣服晒一整天后，会有一种甜蜜的“阳光香味”。] 8.absence[名词此处为“the十名词十of..”结构，空处 应用所给词的名词形式，故填absence。句意：在我住的地 方，晒干的衣物散发着特别的香味，这要归功于没有雾霾 和大量蓝色天空的下午，还有大量的新鲜空气。] 9.afternoons[名词复数根据前文的“plenty of”可知，这 里afternoon要用复数形式，应填afternoons。] 10.left[非谓语动词从句中已有谓语，所以空处应用非谓 语动词形式；a sheet or shirt与leave之间为逻辑上的动 宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填left。句意：如 果你从未体验过被太阳晒了一天的床单或衬衫散发出的 “阳光香味”，那么你可就错过了一种生活的奇迹。] Cloze 2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了卡森借助传 统寓言的风格，但是却传递严肃的教育意义，教导人们承担 起拯救环境的责任。 1,to teach[此处不定式作目的状语，所以空处填to teach。 注意：后面的“or to pass'”也是提示。句意：几千年来，人们 讲述寓言，目的是教训人或传递智慧。] 2,sixth[空前有定冠词the,空后是名词century,所以空处 填序数词sixth。语境：著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前 6世纪。 3.as[分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从 句缺少宾语，且先行词是前面的整个主句，此处表示“正 如”，所以空处填s。句意：然而，正如蕾切尔·卡森在《明 天的寓言》中所说的那样，这种寓言形式今天仍然有 价值。] 4.where[分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句， 先行词是表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语， 故填where。语境：在美国的中心地带曾经有一个小镇，那 里所有的生命似乎都享受着与周围环境的和平共处。] 5.borrowing[分析句子结构可知，begins是句子的谓语动 词，空处为非谓语，与逻辑主语her fable之间是主谓关系， 所以空处填现在分词borrowing。语境：她的寓言这样开 始，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词语。] 6.intended[分析句子结构可知，is是句子谓语动词，空处 为非谓语作后置定语。be intended for是固定用法，所以 空处填过去分词intended。句意：然而，在简单的风格背 后，却是一个为每个人提供的严肃信息。] 7.Different[be different from“与…不同”，是固定短语， 此处作状语，去掉be动词，且空处位于句首，单词首字母要 大写，故填Different.。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事 以指控而非寓意结尾。] 8.for[take responsibility for“对…负责”，是固定短语。 句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担 起拯救环境的责任。] 9.warning分析句子结构可知，空前有冠词和形容词修饰， 故空处应填名词warning。.句意：然而，卡森的主题是一个 更有分量的关于环境破坏的警告。] l0.be employed[分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词。主 语a simple literary form和动词employ“运用”之间是被 动关系，故用被动语态。空前是情态动词，故填b employed。句意：卡森证明了一种流传千古的简单的文学 形式今天仍然可以被用来引起人们对重要真理的注意。] Cloze 3 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了北京胡 同的有关情况。 l.and[语境为帝王规划了北京城并按照社会阶级安排了 人们的居住区域。根据语境可知，planned the city of Beijing和arranged the residential areas是并列关系，所以 空处填and。] 2.originally[mean在此处是动词，应用副词修饰，所以空处 填originally。] 3.surrounded[句中已有谓语动词was,故空处应为非谓语 动词：结合句意“在明朝，中心就是紫禁城，它被内城和外 城包围，形成同心圆的样貌”可知，surround与the Forbidden City构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空处填 surrounded。] 4.were permitted[根据空前的“In the Ming Dynasty可知， 此处描述的是过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时；较高 社会阶层的人“被允许”居住在离同心圆的中心即紫禁城 更近的地方，故用被动语态；主语Citizens是复数。所以空 处填were permitted,] 5.featured[分析句子结构可知，空处在此作谓语。联系上 下文可知，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以空处填 featured。 6.spacious[空处修饰空后的名词homes,应用形容词，所以 空处填spacious.] 7.simpler[空处与空前的smaller相呼应，表示在设计和装 饰方面更简单，所以空处填simpler。] 8.as[根据句意可知，此处表示北京作为中国的首都，所以 空处填as。] 1s 9 events[此处表示几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至 有些还和历史事件有关。event'“事件”，是可数名词，其前 无冠词修饰，且根据句意可知，历史事件肯定不止一件，所 以空处填events。 l0.the[此处特指草根北京人的文化，所以空处填the。] Cloze 4 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述生态旅游 的情况。 l.educated[此处指“它与传统旅游不同，因为它能让旅行 者对该地区有所了解”。educated意为“受过教育的；有所 了解的”。] 2.development[benefit后接宾语，应用develop的名词形式 development,意为“发展”。] 3.its[origin和主语Ecotourism之间为所有关系，空处作前 置定语修饰origin,故用形容词性物主代词its。] 4.until[句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才作为一种旅游 理念被广泛接受。表示“直到”，应用until。 5.the[特指“与环境相关的探险旅行的日渐流行”，用定冠 词the。 6.of[various types of为固定搭配，意为“各种类型的”。] 7.visiting[根据介词of可知，空处用动词-ing形式。] 8.financial[句意：向当地人民提供经济援助和其他福利。 作前置定语修饰名词aid,用形容词形式。] 9.Activities[activity为可数名词，而谓语动词range为复 数形式，故空处用复数形式activities,位于句首，首字母须 大写。] 10.to have [固定搭配aim to do sth意为“旨在做某事”。] 专题五 写作 考点十四 应用文写作 题组一 Writing 1 【参考范文】 My views on filming short videos on campus Nowadays,.it's a common sight(常见的景象)to see students raising their smartphones to film something,whether on the way to the canteen,dormitory,or during after-school activities.In my opinion,it's high time that our school should properly regulate(控制，管理)this behavior by implementing some guidelines. There's no denying(无可否认)that capturing vibrant scenes or beautiful campus views is creative endeavor These moments can serve as cherished memories as we grow older. However,many students currently lack self-discipline to use their phones responsibly,often using them even during class. Therefore,I suggest that we first build an awareness of keeping our phones away in class.Additionally,school leaders can set up areas for filming,thereby better protecting other students from distractions. By doing the above things,we can have our fun and still keep a supportive learning environment.That's all.Thank you for your listening. Writing 2 【参考范文】 Dear Chris, I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.DI painted the scenery of the park,where the willow branches were dancing in the breeze()and several ducks were swimming in the river peacefully and happily(