专题二·考点十 阅读理解七选五-【创新大课堂】2026年高考英语五年真题分类汇编168优化重组卷

专题二阅读理解七选五 考点十 阅读理解七选五 题组一 Passage1(2025·全国Ⅱ卷，12.5分) Volunteering during teenage years has been 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以：linked to some major positive effects such as 填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 improved grades and increased self-confidence. 选项。 These effects aren't just short-term but have been Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family proved to affect a teen's well-being in the years to come. Are you looking for a way to bring your You'll have more time with family. family together?Hoping to find a hobby that can Families who volunteer together have the be shared by both the little ones and adults?1 unique experience of working toward a common You may know the"feel-good"emotions that come goal.5 Everyone brings something unique to with helping others,but there are even more the table and can connect with each other in a unexpected ways volunteering will positively new way.And,there are tasks for every age and affect the whole family. ability,so all your children can feel proud of their You'll feel like you have more time. work. People often feel they are too busy to A.Helping the community lowers rates of volunteer.Yet,research has found that giving depression. your time to community causes actually makes B.Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you feel like you have more of it.2 you need. You can live longer if you volunteer C.Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. regularly. D.Volunteering can be the first step in breaking 3 Washington University found that down prejudice. adults 55 and older who volunteered had better E.For adults,volunteering can provide significant memory and maintained overall health longer physical health benefits. than others their age.Volunteers are also more F.You may even learn that your kid has a talent likely to look after their own health and are more you didn't know about before. focused on adding physical activity into their lives G.Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires ·4 you to make the most of each day. 64 Passage2(2024·新课标I卷，12.5分) A.I don't often use this dictionary. 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填；B.It takes no account of the context. 人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 C.But I still don't want to replace them. Not all great writers are great spellers.If youD.But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. want to be published,it's vital to submit a E.Of course,a dictionary is not only for spelling. perfeet,professionally presented manuseript (F.That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. )1 No editor is likely to tolerate a writerG.Dictionaries don't always give you enough who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. information. 叔 I keep two reference books close-by on my Passage3(2023·新课标I卷，12.5分) desk:dictionary and thesaurus(同义词词典).I 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填 don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 2 Of 入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ® course,these days there are plenty of online but I'm old- Personal Forgiveness dictionaries and thesauruses, fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages Taking responsibility for mistakes is a p I can leaf through with my fingers.I use the positive step,but don't beat yourself up about Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins them.To err(犯错)is human.1 You can use Thesaurus. the following writing exercise to help you do this. 3 It should give you a precise definition In a journal or on a piece of paper,put the of each word,thus differentiating it from other heading“Personal strengths..”2 Are you words whose meanings are similar,but not caring?Creative?Generous?A good listener? 带 identical.It will also usually show how the word Fun to be around?They don't have to be world- is pronounced. changing,just aspects of your personality that In addition,I have an old two-volume copy you're proud of. ! of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary,picked up a At the top of a second page,put the heading few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 “Acts of kindness..”On this one,list all the 烂 pence.Of course,with its 2,672 pages,it's not positive things you've done for others.It might be exactly short.It contains around 163,000 words, the time when you helped a friend with their plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. homework,when you did the ironing without 4 However,if I need to check the origin of a being asked,or when you baked cookies after the 抵 word or to look up examples of its usage,there's nothing better. family had had a tiring day.3 For well over a hundred years the most influential You could ask a friend or family member to 郑 English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary help add to your list.4 That way,you could of the English Language published in 1755."To make exchange thoughts on what makes each of you dictionaries is dull (work,"wrote Johnson,special and the aspects of your personality that 问 illustrating one definition of“dull”.5 A few shine through.In fact,don't wait until you've minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can made a mistake to try this-it's a great way to be a rewarding experience. boost self-confidence at any time. 65 It's something of a cliché（陈词滥调）that Why are indoor plants good for you? most people learn not from their successes but Will Spoelstra,who works at the Royal their mistakes.The thing is,it's true. Botanic Gardens,says,"3.I find during the We're all changing and learning all the time and winter months,plants around the house can mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. 、 really lift your mood."Several studies have A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. backed this up and found that indoor plants can B.Now list all the characteristics you like about improve creativity,focus and memory.There is yourself. also research showing that pot plants can clean C.They might even like to have a go at doing the the air around them by removing harmful gases, exercise. such as carbon dioxide.They also remove some D.It's just as important to show yourself some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.4 forgiveness. E.It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's Which plants can you grow? happened or forget it. Aloe vera,peace lilies and spider plants are F.Whatever it is,no matter how small it might some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. seem,write it down. You can buy plants from supermarkets,garden G.Whatever the mistake,remember it isn't a centres or online.Younger plants are often fixed aspect of your personality. cheaper than fully grown ones,and you get to Passage4(2023·全国乙卷，10分) care for them as they mature -which is part of 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入the joy of owning plants.“5_,”Spoelstra 空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 says."It can bring a new interest and focus into Indoor plants might look as if they just sit people's lives and help to make the link between around not doing much,but in many ways they home and nature." are the unsung heroes of the home.1,but A.All plants are different studies have shown that they can promote B.Not only do they look beautiful people's wellbeing by improving their mood C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors 情)，reducing stress and helping their memory. D.Instead,they grow better inside,where it is What's more,indoor plants are easy to look after warmer and are not very expensive. E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are What are indoor plants? Indoor plants,also known as houseplants or among the best pot plants,are plants that like to grow indoors.F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to Many of these species(物种)are not ideally; time will also help suited to growing outside in the UK,especially in G.Learning about the requirements of each plant the winter.2 can be very rewarding 66 Passage5(2022·全国乙卷，10分) Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入weight in long-distance friendships.Although 空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 technology might make day-to-day communication Friendship needs care and attention to keep possible,extra effort goes a long way on special it in good health.Here are five ways to sustain(:days.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of long-distance friendships. friends'birthdays and other important dates will ·Set a regular date make sure nothing slips by you. Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic Don't rely on technology alone that both sides equally contact()and share with 5,but long-distance friendships-even one another.With busy schedules,squeezing in phone:close ones-may require more conscious effort to calls can be a challenge.1. sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew More isn't always merrier friendships.How to do it?Just spend face-to-face Make sure you have communicated with your time together whenever possible. friend about how frequently each of you wants to A.Remember important dates be contacted and what method works best for you B.Compensate by writing letters both.2.There are alternatives to constant C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship written communication,such as leaving voice keeper messages or having a group chat. D.Try to find a time that works for both of you ·Practise empathy(共情) and stick to it 3.The friend who is remaining needs to E.Friends need to talk about their preferred be sensitive to all the additional time demands methods of communication placed on the friend who has moved.The one in F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness the new environment should be sympathetic to through social media the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. G.You may be the friend who left or the one who ·4 was left behind 题组二 Passage1(2025·浙江1月，12.5分) written,spoken,formal,or informal,if the mes- 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以！sage doesn't come across clearly.Being clear and 填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余：brief-一while maintaining interest and including 选项。 everything your listeners need to know -is a One of the most common mistakes in communica-high-level communication skill tion is trying to do too much.1 There's no value Here are some tips worth following in order in delivering any kind of communication,whether to communicate more effectively. 67 Keep your audience in mind. E.You may be surprised by what your listeners Your audience will naturally be more offer. interested and engaged when you tailor your F.It will also give them a handy record to refer communications to their interests.2 This will back to. engage their desire to understand and interact G.As the speaker,you already know what you're with the information. going to say. Don't use ten words when one will do. Passage2(2025·全国I卷，12.5分) Even the most engaged and committed 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以 audience will eventually get bored.Keeping your :填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 message simple and clear will make it easier for选项。 people to understand.3 However,they're An Unsung Hero hearing it for the first time.Keep it simple. Need a break between classes or just a quick ·4 pick-me-up in the morning?The College Cafe If you've ever worked as an instructor,has just that,and more.1 manager,trainer or coach,you'll know that there Catherine Murphy,a cafe worker in a green are few better ways to learn new information than shirt and black hat,makes sure that each to teach it.Ask the audience to contribute their customer gets exactly what they order.She goes ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts back and forth between machines to make the and policies to others.Allow them to lead drinks.2 As the customer grabs the drink discussions and meetings to develop their from her hand,she smiles and says,"Hello,how communication skills. is your day?"Even when the line is getting Consider the best method to deliver your longer,she doesn't let it get in the way of her message. i genuine conversations. If the information you're communicating Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives isn't urgent,consider sending an email.Written thirty minutes every day to get to work on time.3 communication will give your audience more time "I do so because I like to make coffee for the to review it,think it over,and follow up with students.I know they need it in the morning," questions.5 Murphy said.Being a mother and wife has helped Building effective communication skills takes her become the woman she is.She believes she is time,but the effects are worth the effort. here to serve. A.Be patient. One thing Murphy may not know is that her B.Get the audience involved. smile is contagious(有感染力)and can be the C.The best messages are often simple. difference in a student having a much better day D.Speak directly to what matters to them. than they were having before seeing her.Joanna 68 Wright,a senior political science major,loves OChoose mindfully.Overvisited destinations coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a are that way for a reason:they're special.With so week. 4 "Catherine always has a huge smile many online posts featuring the same places,it's on her face,which always puts me in a cheerful easy to feel like you're missing out.Go mood,”Wright said. somewhere only when the landscape,culture or “I enjoy working in the cafe,”"Murphy said. food deeply draws you.2 5 She has every intention of staying and O Get creative.The best way to ease T continuing doing what she loves. pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go A.The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. somewhere else.Though overtourism is described ! B.She has two children aged eight and four. as a problem affecting the entire world,it's ® C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the actually concentrated to a small number of students early. extremely popular spots.That means you have p D.After finishing an order,she calls out the name tons of less-visited options to choose from.3 on the cup. Why not try a regional alternative or check out a E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks,it also popular destination's lesser-known sights? 1 serves up smiles. ●4 Minimize impact and maximize F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and 、 experience by skipping major holidays or rush gets her ready for class. hour.You'll compete with fewer tourists,save 量 G.She has served here for 17 years and can't money,experience a different side of a popular imagine working anywhere else. place,and boost the economy when tourism is Passage3(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，12.5分) traditionally slower. 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以 Visiting a place that others call home is a 令 填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余privilege(荣幸).Do your part to preserve what 选项 makes a destination special in the first place. Overtourism Is For Real:How Can You Help? 5 You may be amazed how much closer you'll Travel promotes understanding,expands our feel to the people there. 抖 minds,makes us better people,and boosts local A.Visit during off-peak times. 蝶 economies and communities,but the rapid growth of B.So,should we stop traveling? 郑 travel has led to overtourism in certain regions C.Travel for you and no one else. and destinations.1 Certainly not.The loss of D.Can overtourism be avoided then? what travel offers would be unacceptable in E.You can still find relatively undiscovered places. 问 today's world.Here are some tips on making wise F.You'll find yourself virtually alone,or close to it. decisions to minimize pressure on the places weG.Consider giving back to the communities you're vis- visit and improve our experience. iting. 69 Passage4(2022·全国甲卷，10分) A.The more friends you make in your lifetime 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填B.The more time you spend in any given country 入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with 选项。 utensils Important Things to Know When Dining Out D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake Cultural dining etiquette (might surprise at a restaurant you with some of its important rules.1 Knowing E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess some tips will help ensure that you have an around your plate enjoyable meal with friends or family-no matter F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross where you are in the world. them as you use them Chopstick Rules G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt The way you handle chopsticks is important and pepper at a meal to avoid annoying your companions.When you:Passage5(2021·新高考I卷，l2.5分) put them down between bites,always put them 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入 down together so they are parallel with the edge空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 of the table in front of you.2. My husband and I just spent a week in Hands or Utensils(餐具) Paris.1 So the first thing we did was rent a In India and the Middle East,it's considered fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the very rude to eat with your left hand.People in size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to France expect you to eat with a utensil in each leave our suitcases in the hallway. hand.3,instead preferring to use their The place wasn't entirely authentic,though. hands.In Chile,you may never touch any fool:Unlike a normal Parisian apartment,the with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use plumbing (worked.2 Our building their forks only to push food onto their spoons. even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, Making Requests "Ouverture des portes,"in perfect French.That 4.In Portugal,this would be a serious is the only French phrase I mastered,and it's a mistake,because it shows the chef that you don't shame I don't have much use for it. like their seasoning skills.Similarly,in Italy, Parisians are different from you and me. never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules in this paper a couple of weeks ago,they eat great may seem random and strange,but they are food and never gain weight.3 French important in various countries.5 the more strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead, comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign they explode in your mouth like little flavor cultural practices. bombs. 70 4 On our first morning in Paris,I went A.Not all the customers are tourists. around the corner to the food market to pick up B.The quality of life in France is equally some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly excellent. ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruitC.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. we had ever eaten.But they cost $18! D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local In France,quality of life is much more farmers. important than efficiency().You can tell this E.That's not the only reason the French eat less by cafe life.French cafes are always crowded. 5When do these people work?The French than we do. take their 35-hour workweek seriously-so F.Our aim was to see if we could live,in some seriously that some labor unions recently struck a way,like real Parisians. deal with a group of companies limiting the: G.The food is so delicious that you don't need number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. much of it to make you happy. 题组三 Passage1(2024·浙江卷1月，12.5分) The tip that comes up most often is simple: 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填；build online courses into your weekly schedule, 入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 just like what you would do with in-person In the past few years,online learning has courses.4 He noted that his online students become a significant part of the university and usually end up with lower grades.It is so easy to college experience.1 But are all online:let an online course slide,but your grades will courses created equal?How can you be sure that suffer as a result.Be sure to schedule set times to digital learning is right for you?2 We watch your lectures,read materials and interviewed students and professors to get their contribute to online discussion boards. advice about online courses. 5 A social connection is often a big part The most obvious advantage of online of learning.There are things you can do to ease learning is that you can study anywhere and this problem.Jessica Pink,an undergraduate anytime.3 "I think a point that many people student,suggests taking online courses with a lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind friend,so you can motivate each other to stay on schedule,"says graduate student Amanda Bindman.track.You can also find students on the class Before choosing to study online,consider whether discussion board to organize a study group,or you're a self-motivated learner and if the material schedule in-person meetings with your professor seems interesting enough to keep you going. to discuss course concepts. 71 A.But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines. Continually challenge yourself to try something B.Your motivation should be your main concern.new.3 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. C.Do you know that online courses are also part Welcome to the club:we've all been there.I love taking of your education？ on challenges.I once took up a challenge to create a D.Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same painting every day for a month and post the works course in person and online. online. E.The chief complaint about online courses is ·4 Seeking and accepting constructive that they lack human interaction. feedback(反馈)is crucial to growth.I post my F.If you take an online course,what can you do work on social media and,in turn,have met to ensure the best possible grade? some of the kindest people.They make me feel G.A survey found that 29 percent of college valued and respected,no matter my level of artistic ability. students registered for online courses. The journey you're on won't follow a Passage2(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷，12.5分) straight path.5 Push through,give it time 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以！ and put in the effort.You will harvest the 填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 rewards of an artistic life. 选项。 A.Get out of your comfort zone. As an artist who shares her journey on social B.Make career plans and set goals. media,I'm often asked by curious followers how C.Don't throw away your beginner art. to begin an art journey.Unfortunately,there is D.Share your work if you feel comfortable no magic list I can offer.I do remember,though, doing so. what it was like to be a complete beginner.So I've E.You'll hit roadblocks,and you'll feel discouraged put together some good tips for starting an art at times. journey F.Evaluate your performance and,if needed, Start small.I suggest using a sketchbook redefine your role. (for small studies.These small studiesG.You'll develop that painting muscle memory provide inspiration and may be a springboard for that only comes with repetition. more complex works in the future._1You'll Passage3(2021·全国甲卷，l0分) want to look back on your journey to see how far 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填 you've come. 入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 ·Paint often and paint from life.There'sno;选项。 better way to improve than to put in those brush Swap,Don't shop! miles.Whether you paint still lives,portraits,or You keep hearing about recycling,right?But landscapes,paint from life as much as possible.it doesn't end with bottles,cans,and paper. 2 Clothing takes a huge amount of natural 72 resources(资源)to make,and buying loads of new Put different types of clothing on different clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not surfaces in the room.4.Place a few mirrors healthy for the environment.So what to do with around your room so people can see how things all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-look when they try them on.One of the ground sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?rules of the swap should be that everyone must 1.It's the best way to get rid of your used try on the clothes before they take them-things clothesscore clothes from your friends,and havealways look different when you put them on. ·Set a starting time.Maybe you say“go”, T a party all at the same time. or turn on a certain song,or whatever. A successful swap depends on the selection 5. And don't forget to put out some cookies and of clothes,the organization of the event,and, fruits.Remember,it's a party! obviously,how much fun is had.It's really easy to A.Less people than that do!Here are a few pointers. 八、 B.Hold a clothing swap r .Invite 510 people so you have a niceC.f two people are competing selection. 2,and there may not be enough things D.Just keep music playing throughout to choose from;more than that,and it becomes 、 E.Donate whatever clothes are left over uncontrollable. F.Have everyone put their clothes in the 3.They should also prepare plenty of right spots reusable bags to carry their "new"clothes home. G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 龄 题组四 弥 Passage1(2024·全国甲卷，10分) Eat with others whenever possible.Eating 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入；alone,especially in front of the TV or computer, 匆 空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 often leads to mindless overeating.And be careful 烂 What is moderation ()Basically,it about the foods you keep at hand.It's more means eating only as much food as your body challenging to eat in moderation if you have needs.You should feel satisfied at the end of a unhealthy snacks at the ready,like cookies.3 meal,but not too full.1 But it doesn't mean Control emotional(情绪的)eating.4 抵 saying goodbye to the foods you love. Many of us also turn to food to deal with Take your time.It's important to slow down unpleasant emotions such as sadness,loneliness, 郑 and think about food as something nutritious or boredom.But by learning healthier ways to rather than just something to eat in between manage emotions,you can regain control over the 摇 meetings. 2 It actually takes a few minutes food you eat and your feelings for your brain to tell your body that it has had 5 A healthy breakfast can start your enough food,so eat slowly and stop eating before;metabolism（新陈代谢)，while eating small, you feel full. healthy meals keeps your energy up all day.Avoid 734.B[标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段中的“As a writer says,future geniuses come from those with'intelligence, creativity,perseverance ()and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.,”可知，未来的天才来自多 个方面，因此B项“天才有多种形式”最能概括本文的主旨。] Passage 3 【语篇解读】这是一簫说明文。文章通过否定沃特金斯的 预言，进而提出现在人们时间的紧缺和陪伴的重要性。 l.B[推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Today,in Australia, most children on average fall 2,000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight.In the early 1970s,40 percent of children walked to school, while in2010,it was as low as 15 percent.(如今，在澳大利 亚，大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少了2000 步。在上世纪70年代初，40%的孩子步行上学，而在2010 年，这一比例降至15%。)”，说明作者根据沃特金斯的预言 做了相关调查，并且写下了这篇文章。通读全文得知作者 在第一段提到沃特金斯的预言，是为了介绍文章主题。故 选B项。 2.C「细节理解题。通过文章第三段中“Families are pressed for time,many with both parents working to pay for their house,often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport,(时间紧迫，许多家庭的父母都在为房子买单而 工作，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择的，他们住在公共 交通有限的依赖汽车的社区。)”可知，导致澳大利亚儿童 体育活动的减少的原因是时间不够。故选C项。] 3.D[细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段中“But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's day comes out.I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits.This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.(但是，在每天散步的某个地方， 更多关于我儿子日常的事情出现了。我听到他在理解友 谊及其局限性。这是一个意想不到的难得的机会，家长听 到更多。)”说明作者觉得和儿子一起散步能让她更了解她 的儿子。故选D项。] 题组三 Passage 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。随着太阳能的普及，越来 越多的太阳能电池板被安装在各个社区，这不可避免地给环 境，尤其是农业环境，带来消极影响。 1.B[根据第二段内容可知，太阳能开发者们往往想要尽快 安装更多的太阳能电池板，所以他们不太考虑如何处理电 池板下的环境。他们往往会在下面放一些碎石，而且用除 草剂除草，这给环境带来了破坏。所以B项“安装太阳能 电池板的消极影响”符合题意。门 2.C[根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating.,to the land”可知，InSPIRE项目正在寻求一种对环境影响小的发 展太阳能的方式，力求做到“对土地友好”。所以C项“使 太阳能项目环保”符合题意。] 3.A[本题问“第四段中提到的法律的目的是什么？”。根据 第四段第二句可知，有超过28个州通过了与传粉昆虫栖 息地保护和杀虫剂使用有关的法律，所以A项“保护传粉 昆虫”符合题意。] 4.D[文章第一、二段主要指出目前存在的问题：太阳能电 池板对环境尤其是农业环境的消极影响。第三段给出了 解决方案：建立和经营对土地更友好的太阳能农场。第 四、五段介绍了传粉昆虫友好型太阳能农场建设的积极影 响。所以纵观全文，关键词应该是solar farms,所以D项 是最佳选项。] 13 专题二阅读理解七选五 考点十阅读理解七选五 题组一 Passage 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会—家庭活动与志 愿服务—家庭志愿服务的意外益处 语境概述：文章介绍了家庭志愿服务的意外益处，包括让人 感觉时间更充裕、对成年人的健康有益、对青少年有终身积 极影响及增进家庭互动等。 1,B[细节支撑句。空前以两个提问引出家庭共同活动的 需求（寻找使家庭成员凝聚在一起的方式和成员的共同爱 好)。空后指出志愿服务对家庭有意外的积极影响。选项 B“家庭志愿服务可能正是你需要的”直接回应上文提问， 引出下文的志愿服务对家庭的益处，并形成“提问一建议 一展开”的逻辑链。 2.G[段尾总结句。本段主要介绍“你会感觉时间更充裕” 这一益处。上文提到“人们总是觉得太忙而无法进行志愿 服务，但研究发现将时间奉献给社区事业实际上让人感觉 时间更多”。选项G“志愿服务让你感到有能力，并激励你 充分利用每一天”解释了“时间充裕感”的原因，与上文中 的研究发现构成因果关系，符合语境。」 3.E[段落主旨句。空后以华盛顿大学研究为例，说明55 岁及以上的志愿者比相同年龄的其他人记忆力更好、整体 健康雏持更久。选项E“对成年人来说，志愿服务能带来 显著的身体健康益处”作为段落主旨句，概括下文研究结 论，符合语境。选项E中的“adults”“physical health benefits'”与下文“adults55 and older'”“had better memory and maintained overall health longer”呼应。] 4,C[段落小标题。空处对应段落指出志愿服务对青少年 的积极影响（提升成绩、增强自信、影响未来幸福感）。选 项C“志愿服务对儿童和青少年有终身影响”既，点明本段 对象(kids and teenagers),又与下文“These effects aren't just short-term but...in the years to come”呼应。] 5,F[细节支撑句。空前提到一起做志愿活动的家庭会有 为共同目标而奋斗的独特体验。空后指出“每个人都有独 特的贡献价值，并以一种新的方式与彼此建立联系”。选 项F“你甚至可能发现孩子有你以前不知道的天赋”是“独 特体验”的具体表现，承接上文，并呼应下文提到的每个人 的独特贡献价值。] Passage 2 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我一生活与学习 —词典的使用 语境概述：本文主要介绍了作者对于写作中拼写和词典使用 的看法及自身的相关习惯等。 l.F[根据上文中的“If you want to be published,it's vital to submit a perfect,professionally presented manuscript( 稿)（如果你想发表作品，提交一份完美的、专业呈现的手 稿是至关重要的)”可知，此处会讲到完美的、专业呈现的 手稿是什么样子的，选项F“那意味着语法不错并且没有拼 写错误”符合语境。所以选F。门 2.B[根据上文中的“Idon't trust my laptop's spellchecker (我不信任我笔记本电脑的拼写检查程序)”可知，此处会 讲到不信任的原因，选项B“它不考虑上下文”符合语境。 所以选B。」 3.E[段落主旨句。根据下文中的“It should give you a precise definition of each word...how the word is pronounced(它应该为你提供每个单词的精确定义，从而区 分它与其他含义相似但不完全相同的单词。它通常还会 显示单词是如何发音的)”可知，该段主要讲述了词典不仅 仅提供单词的拼写，还有其他功能。所以选E。] 4.A[根据下文中的“However,if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,there's nothing better(但是，如果我需要核实某个单词的起源或查 找其用法示例，就没有比这更好的了)”可知，此处应该讲 述作者不怎么使用这本词典。所以选A。] 5.D[根据下文中的“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience(花几分钟 粗略浏览一两页内容可以是一种令人满意的体验)”可知， 选项D“但是，词典也可以是一种令人愉悦的读物”可以与 之构成逻辑上的顺承关系。所以选D。] Passage 3 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了自我原谅的 一些具体方法。自我原谅的具体方法包括罗列个人优点、列 举自已帮助别人的事迹和让别人帮你指出优点。 1.D[本文的主题是自我原凉，空前两句和空后一句都没有 提到forgiveness,再结合空后的“help you do this”和下文 的内容可知，空处一定会提到forgiveness及它的重要性。 故选D项。] 2.B[根据空前的“Personal strengths”和空后的例子可知， B项“现在列出所有你喜欢的关于你自己的特，点”承上启 下，符合逻辑。」 3.F[空前讲述了列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情，F 项“不管是什么事，不管它看起来可能有多小，把它写下 来”总结上文，符合逻辑。] 4.C[空前讲述了你可以让朋友或家人帮你往列表添加东 西，C项“他们甚至可能愿意尝试这样做”承接上文。C项 中的They指代前面的“a friend or family member'”。] 5.G[根据空后的内容可知，我们都在改变并一直在学习。 G项中的“it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality'”和空后 的“We're all changing”形成对比。] Passage 4 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。室内绿植不仅可以净化 空气，还可以改善人们的心情、减轻压力和增进记忆力。 1.B[空后表明室内绿植还可以通过改善心情、减轻压力、 增进记忆力来提升人们的幸福感，且空后的but与B项中 的Not only在意思上构成递进关系。故填B。] 2.D[上文说在英国许多这样的物种不适宜在室外生长，特 别是在冬季，和D项“相反，它们在室内更温暖的地方长势 更好”构成转折关系，符合语境。故填D。] 3.C[根据本段小标题和本段内容可知，该段主要讲述了室 内种植绿植有许多好处，此处引用别人的话也应呼应这一 主题。故填C。] 4.E[空格位于段尾，与上文存在例证关系，上文说盆栽可 以通过消除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气，还可 以消去一些来自油漆或烹饪的有害化学物质。E项中的和 平百合和绿萝正是效果最好的植物。] 5.G[空后It指代该空内容，说明这样做可以给人们的生活 带来新的兴趣和焦，点并帮助人们增强家与自然的联系。 故G项“了解每种植物的习性会很有益处”符合语境。] Passage 5 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍五种维系 异地友谊的方法。 l.D[上文“With busy schedules,squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.(平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。)”讲 的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量 找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去”给出了解 决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D。 2.EL上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 你已经和你朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及 挪种方法对你们双方都最有效。)”提到异地朋友之间要商 量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承 接上文，进一步提出对交流方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.(除了持续 的文字交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群 聊。)”对E项中的“methods of communication'”进行了举例 说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E。 3.G下文“The friend who is remaining(留下来的朋友)”和 “The one in the new environment(在新环境中的那个)”提 到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那 一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为 离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和 “the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment'"和“The friend who is remaining”,所 以G项符合题意。故选G。 4.A[设空处的内容是雏系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五 段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.(周年纪念日和生 日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。)”讲的是诸如周年纪 念日和生日等重要的日子对于雏系异地友谊是非常重要 的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记 得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A。]门 5.F[设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships even close ones-may require more conscious effort to sustain. (但是异地友谊一甚至是关系亲密的友谊一可能需要更 加自觉地去维系。)”讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊， 其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很 容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media'” 呼应了该段的小标题“TDon't rely on technology alone(不要仅仅 依赖技术)”中的“technology”。故选F。] 题组二 Passage 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一人际交往一 有效沟通的方式 1.C[空前一句讲在沟通中最常见的错误之一是试图做得 太多，空后讲如果传达的信息无法被清晰理解，那么进行 任何形式的交流都没有价值。空处应该会纠正空前的错 误做法，C项“最好的信息往往是简单的”承上启下，给出了 纠正错误的方法，又与空后内容呼应。] 2.D[空后讲“这将激发他们理解信息并与之互动的想法”， 这是对空处做法效果的描述，故空处应该描述某一具体的 做法。结合空前一句“当你根据听众的兴趣去输出你的信 息时，他们自然会更感兴趣、更投入”可知，该做法应是讲 让你的听众感兴趣的话，D项“直接说对他们重要的事情” 符合语境。] 3.GL根据空后的“However,they're hearing it for the first time”(然而，他们是第一次听到这样的内容)可知，空后内 容与空处构成转折关系，应涉及早就知道这些内容的人，G 项“作为讲话者，你已经知道你要说什么了”既涉及早就知 道要说的内容，又涉及早知道这些内容的人。且空后的t 指代G项中的“what you're going to say”。] 4.B[段落主旨句。分析文本结构并结合其他段落小标题 可知，本空考查段落主旨句，应选择一个祈使句。根据本 段的“Ask the audience to contribute their ideas,,,develop their communication skills'”可知，本段主要讲要让听众发表 他们的想法，让他们在向其他人解释新概念和政策方面发 挥作用，允许他们组织讨论和会议，故B项“让听众参与进 来”能概括本段内容。] 5.F[空前一句讲书面沟通的好处，F项“这也将会给他们 提供一个方便的记录以便再次查阅”进一步说明书面沟通 的另一个好处，选项中的als0表明选项与空前一句形成递 进关系，且选项中的It指代空前一句的“Written communication”,them指代空前一句的“your audience'”。] Passage 2 语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我一人物故事 咖啡馆员工的工作日常与奉献精神 语境概述：College Cafe的员工Catherine Murphy每天忙碌 工作，用心为顾客制作饮品、热情交流，她的笑容感染了学 生。她以服务他人为宗旨，在岗位上工作7年，用积极的态 度点亮他人的一天。 1.E[空前提到“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning?The College Cafe has just that,and more'”,由此可知，College Cafe能在课间提供 休息和提神饮品，以及其他东西。E项“这家咖啡馆不仅提 供饮品而且提供笑容”通过“not only..(but)also..”结 构，呼应上文提到的提供休息和提神饮品以及“and more”。] 2.D[空前提到Catherine Murphy在机器间来回走动，制作 饮品，空后提到顾客从她手中拿饮品时，她会微笑问候。D 项“完成订单后，她喊出杯上的名字”衔接了制作饮品与交 付饮品的动作，符合工作流程的逻辑，且“calls out the name”与空后顾客接饮品的场景连贯。] 13 3.C[空前提到Murphy每天4：45起床，开车30分钟准时 上班，空后提到Murphy喜欢为学生制作咖啡，她知道学生 们早上需要咖啡。C项“有时她提前到岗以提前服务学 生”，进一步说明她对工作的投入，与上文呼应，且与下文 形成因果关系。] 4.F[空前提到学生Wright每周至少去咖啡馆6天，空后 提到Wright说Catherine的笑容让她心情愉快。F项“去 咖啡馆让她以良好的方式开启一天，为上课做准备”解释 了Wright高频去咖啡馆的原因，空后提到Catherine的笑 容对Wright的影响，进一步解释了F项的“starts her day off good”。] 5,G[空前提到Murphy喜欢在咖啡馆工作，空后提到她打 算继续做热爱的事，即继续在咖啡馆工作。G项“已在此 服务17年，她无法想象去其他地方工作”描述了她的工作 年限与情感归属，与“喜欢工作”和“留下”衔接紧密。] Passage 3 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会—旅游一如何 缓解过度旅游 语境概述：本文主要介绍了缓解过度旅游的一些具体的方 法：谨慎选择、有创造性、避开高峰期等。 L,B[根据空前的“but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations”可知，旅游 快速增长导致某些地区和目的地的过度旅游。再根据空 后的“Certainly not.The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world"可知，在当今世界，失去旅行 提供的东西是无法接受的。由此可推断，空处应该讨论是 否停止旅游这项服务。故选B项。] 2.C[本段小标题是“谨慎选择”，再根据空前的“With so many online posts..deeply draws you”可推知，很多人盲 目跟风选择旅游地，只有当目的地的景色、文化或食物真 正吸引你时才去。空处在结尾处，应该紧扣本段标题和空 前内容，点出选择旅行应是为自己而不是为别人。故选 C项。」 3.E[根据空前的“Though overtourism is described as a problem...That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from”可知，过度旅游只集中在少数非常 受欢迎的地方，游客其实还有更多选择的空间。空后的 "Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser-known sights?”鼓励游客去尝试一些地 区性或知名度相对较低的景点旅游，以此缓解过度旅游压 力。空处应承上启下，涉及游客能选择的其他地方，E项中 的“undiscovered places'”符合题意。] 4.A[本文是总(Para.1)-分(Para.2至Para.4)一总 (Para.5)结构，分析第二至四段的段落结构和特，点（祈使句 主旨句十内容)可知，本空（位于第四段段首）应是本段主 旨句。根据本段中的“skipping major holidays or rush hour""boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower'”可知，本段建议跳过重大假期或高峰时间旅行。A 项“非高峰时间去旅游”精准概括段落大意。 5.G[根据空前的“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place'”可知，尽自己所能去保 护旅游地，再根据空后的“You may be amazed how much closer you''ll feel to the people there”可推断空处应提到如 何Do your part,G项“考虑为游览的社区做一些贡献”既 解释了上文，又是下文的原因。] Passage 4 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了外出就餐时需要注意的一些 重要的就餐礼节，并强调不同的国家有不同的就餐礼节。 1.D[分析上下文语境可知，空处起承上启下的作用。空前 提到“（不同）文化背景下的就餐礼节中的一些重要规则可 能会让你感到惊讶。”，空后提到“了解一些技巧将有助于 确保你和朋友或家人愉快地用餐一无论你在世界的哪 个地方。”。分析选项可知，D项“不要被（人）发现在餐馆 (用餐时)犯尷尬的错误”符合此处的语境，并能起到承上 启下的作用。故选D项。门 2.F[根据本段小标题和上文内容可知，空处也应是关于使 用筷子的规则。F项“当你使用它们时，切勿将它们直立于 你的食物中或把它们交叉（放置）”符合此处的语境，且选 项中的them指代的是筷子(chopsticks),与小标题和前文 内容相呼应。故选F项。 3.C[根据本段小标题和上下文内容可知，空处应是以某个 国家为例，介绍使用手或餐具来就餐的某条重要规则；再 根据下文中的instead可知，空处内容应与后半句内容形成 对比。据后半句“（他们）反而更喜欢用他们的手”并分析 选项可知，C项“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”符 合此处的语境。故选C项。] 4.GL根据空后内容“In Portugal,this would be a serious mistake,because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.”和本段小标题Making Requests可知，空 处应是提及一个用餐时的请求，再结合because后的原因 “因为这是在向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技术”可知， G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉看似是一个简单的请求”符合 此处的语境。故选G项。] 5.B[根据下文中的“the more comfortable you''ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices'”可知，空处也应是 “the十比较级”结构的句子，且根据下文句意“你就会开始 对它的异国文化习俗越得心应手”可知，B项“你在任何一 个特定的国家待的时间越长”符合此处的语境。故选 B项。] Passage 5 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述作者夫妇 两入在巴黎居住的感受。首先，作者介绍了她住的房子；然 后，说明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因：最后，说明法国人对 待生活的态度，相较于工作效率他们更看重生活品质。 l.F[上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.. (我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“S0 the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做 的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的公寓，在第六层，只 有一个橱柜那么大。)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需要 填原因；根据F项“Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看我们是否 在某种程度上可以活得像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎 住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因果关系。故选F。」 2.C[上文“The place wasn't entirely authentic,.though.(不 过，这个地方并不是地道的法国住房。)”是段落的中心句， 主要讲解公寓的情况。上下文分别提到了水管和电梯的 情况。C项“There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.(有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床。)”提到了厨房 和床，这些都属于公寓的配置。故选C。] 13 3.G[上文“..they eat great food and never gain weight.. (他们吃得很好，而且从不发胖)”提及了食物。下文 "French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. 草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴 里爆炸。)”说明法国的草莓很好吃。因为法国的食物质量 很高，所以不用吃很多就能很满足，同时吃得少也就不会 发胖了。G项“The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.(食物是如此美味，你不需要 吃太多就能使你快乐。)”符合语境要求。故选G。] 4.E[第四段主要描述作者夫妻去采购了食物，买了草莓。 下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten..But they cost$l8!(我丈夫和我都认为这 是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美元！)”说明法 国的水果好吃但是也很贵。E项“That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.(这并不是法国人吃 得比我们少的唯一原因。)”承接上一段关于法国人吃得少 但是不胖的话题，同时引起下文，给出了法国人吃得少的 另一个原因‘物价贵’。故选E。门 5.A[根据上文“In France,quality of life is much more important than efficiency().You can tell this by cafe life.French cafes are always crowded.(在法国生活质量比 效率更重要。这一，点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的 咖啡厅总是很拥挤。)”和下文“When do these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”A项中有“customers'”符 合咖啡馆的情境设定，同时讲述了不是所有的客人都是游 客，那么意味着大部分人都是当地人，符合下文的提问。 故选A。 题组三 Passage 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我一生活与学习 一在线学习的利弊 1,G[空前句子表示“在过去的几年中，在线学习已经成为 大学经历中的一个重要部分”，而空后一句用了“Bt”进行 话题的转折，这说明该空是对前一句信息的补充。G项 “一项调查发现有29%的大学生注册了在线课程”，能进一 步说明在线学习的地位，故选G项。] 2.F[空前是两句问句，表示“但是所有的在线课程都一样 吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？”，空后又提到通过采 访的形式来获取对在线课程的建议。由此可判断出，该空 应该承接前面的两个问句，并且句意上应该是递进的。选 项中有两个问句，C项“你知道在线课程也是你教育的一部 分吗？”，F项“如果你参加在线课程，你能做些什么来确保 获得最好的成绩？”，其中F项是对前面两个问句的进一步 补充，符合语境，故选F项。] 3.A「空前句“在线学习最明显的好处是你可以随时随地学 习”强调了在线学习的自由灵活度，空后句引用一名大学 毕业生的话“我认为很多人忽视的一个点是容易落后于计 划”说明在线学习会容易错过截止日期，因此A项承上启 下，符合语境。」 4.D[空前的段首句提到“将在线课程纳入你的每周计划 中，就像你在线下课程中所做的一样”，将在线课程和线下 课程进行了比较，而空后句是由“He”开头的一句话，由此 可推断出，这里的代词“He”必定指代该空所提到的某一个 具体人物。D项不仅提到了具体的人物，呼应下文，而且 也提到了在线课程和线下课程。D项承接上文。] 5,E[段落主旨句。根据下文可知，该段是在探讨在线学习 存在的一个问题，并且也提到了一名本科生给出相关建议 来缓解这一问题，即可以和朋友一起上在线课程。因此，E 项“对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人际互动”可以概 括本段，并且其中的“human interaction”呼应本段第二句 中的“social connection'”,“complaint'”则呼应本段第三句中 的“problem”。故选E项。] Passage 2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文作者是一个艺术家， 作者以第一人称的口吻向自已的粉丝传授初学者开启艺术 之旅的一些技巧和建议。 1.C[空后一句讲到了“You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come(你会想要回顾自己的 旅程，看看自己已经走了多远)”，因此空处应该会做一个 关于“看什么来回顾”的铺垫，C项中的“your beginner art'” 可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在走了多远，故C项符合 语境。] 2.G[空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句讲到了“Whether you paint still lives,portraits,or landscapes,paint from life as much as possible(无论你是画静物画、肖像画还是风景画， 都要尽可能多地写生)”，G项“你将培养出只有重复才能 得到的绘画肌肉记忆”讲到这样做的目的和好处，承接上 文，符合语境。」 3.A[根据本段的主旨句“Continually challenge yourself to try something new”可知，本段主要围绕“不断挑战自我去 尝试新事物”展开，且空后讲到了“Artistic growth can be a bit painful(艺术之旅的成长有时会有些令人痛苦)”，A项 “走出你的舒适区”符合语境，且能引出下文，故选A项。] 4.D[结合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根据本 段中的“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈) is crucial.,.They make me feel valued and respected''可知， 本段讲到了可以利用社交媒体寻求建设性的反馈以及这 样做的好处，故D项“分享你的作品，如果这样做让你觉得 舒服”适合作本段的主旨句。] 5.E[空前一句讲到了“The journey you're on won't follow a straight path(你的旅途不会一路平坦)”，而空后讲到了 “Push through,give it time and put in the effort(坚持下去， 给它时间，付出努力)”，这是面对困境时的做法，因此空处 应承接上一句，讲到旅途中的困难，故E项“你会遇到障 碍，有时你会感到沮丧”符合语境。] Passage 3 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍通过衣物 交换来处理旧衣服的方法一衣物交换派对，以及一些具体 的流程。 l.B[根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly-good- but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor？(那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的 完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？)”提出关于如何解决旧 衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes,score clothes from your friends,and have a party all at the same time.(这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同 时开派对的最好方法。)”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。 所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题， 启下提出的方法。B项“Hold a clothing swap.(进行衣物 交换。)”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语 境。故选B。] 2.A[根据上文“Invite5-l0 people so you have a nice selection,(邀请5到l0个人，这样你就有一个很好的选 择。)”说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that,and it becomes uncontrollable.(可能没有足够的东西可供选择； 多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。)”说明多于或少于一 13 定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对 下文中的“more than that'"提出的相反的假设，即少于一定 数量的人。A项“Less people than that(少于这些人)”提出 一种假设，和下文中“more than that'”相对，说明人数不宜 太多，也不能太少，符合语境。故选A。] 3.G[根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their‘new'clothes home.(他们还应该准备 大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的‘新’衣服带回家。)” 说明去的时候应该为交换所得的‘新衣服’准备袋子。G "Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition. (告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。)”中的bring和下文中 carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也 是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。故选G。] 4.F[根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.(把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同 地方。)”指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on,.(在房间周围放几面镜子，这 样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。)”提到了放置镜子的 意义。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots..(让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。)”符合语 境。故选F。] 5.D[上文“Set a starting time,.Maybe you say‘go',or turn on a certain song,or whatever.(设置开始时间。也许 你说‘开始’，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。)”打开音乐 或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember,it's a party! (别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对！)”讲到 了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。D项“Just keep music playing throughout,(要始终播放音乐。)”承上启下， 说明在派对上要有音乐，与上文形成意义上的一致，符合 题意，故选D。] 题组四 Passage 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我—健康的生活方 式—适度饮食 1.F[文章开头提出问题“什么是适度？”，空前两句给出了 解释“Basically,it means eating only as much food as your body needs.You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full(从根本上说，适度意味着你的身体需要多 少食物，你就只吃多少。用餐结束时你应该感到满足，但 不能太饱)”，空后又讲到了“But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love(但是这并不意味着你要跟你 喜欢的食物说再见)”，因此空处应承接上文，就适度进行 进一步解释，且与空后内容形成转折。F项“对我们很多人 来说，适度意味着吃得比平时少”与上下文衔接紧密。F项 中的“means'”与上文的“means”和下文的“mean”的呼应也 是提示。 2.C[根据本段的主旨句“Take your time”可知，本段主要 围绕“不着急，慢慢来”展开，且空后讲到了“It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food,so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full(你的大脑需要花费几分钟告诉你的身体它已 经摄入了足够的食物，因此要慢点吃，在你感觉饱之前就 停下来)”，C项“不要在上班的路上狼吞虎咽”符合语境。] 8 3.E[空前讲到了“And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready,like cookies(注意你手 边的食物。如果你有不健康的零食随时可食用，比如饼 千，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了)”，因此空处应也与适 度饮食的正确做法有关。E项“相反，让自己置身于健康的 选择中”承接上文，故选E项。] 4.B[空后讲到了“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness,loneliness,or boredom (我们中有许多人还借助食物应对不愉快的情绪，比如悲 伤、孤独或无聊)”，根据“lso”可知，空处应也与人们吃东 西的目的有关。B项“我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西”符 合语境，且能引出下文。故选B项。」 5.A[结合空处的位置可知，此处考查的是段落主旨句。根 据空后的“A healthy breakfast'"“Avoid eating late at night'” "Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning”可知，本段主要讲的是从早到 晚如何合理饮食。A项“全天合理饮食”适合作本段的主 旨句。] Passage 2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。如何成为更有耐心的人。 l.G[根据空前的“There's one answer'”可知，本空要回答前 面的问题“What do traffic jams,long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common?(交通堵塞，排长队 和等待假期开始有什么共同之处呢？)”。根据文章标题 “Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person”和常识可知， 这三种情况都需要人们多点耐心，故G项符合语境。门 2.E[本段第一句讲到了“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits (感恩有很多好处)”，空前讲到了一些好处“it makes us happier,less stressed and even more optimistic(它让我们更 快乐、压力更小，甚至更乐观)”，因此，空处讲到的应该还 是好处，且涉及主题“耐心”，故E项“它也可以帮助我们练 习更耐心”符合语境，E项中的als0与上句形成了递进 关系。] 3.B[根据空前的“the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就 是练习)”可知，空处讲到的应该是如何练习，结合空后的 "Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake(把看你最 喜欢的节目推迟到周末，或者多等10分钟再去吃那个蛋 糕)”可知，此处讲到的都是一些细小的事情。B项“从小任 务开始”承上启下，故B项符合语境。 4.C[本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的“when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,we get impatient about the circumstances(当我们经历舒适区之外 的事情时，我们会对状况感到不耐烦)”可知，本段主要围 绕如何在不舒服的情况下培养耐心展开，故C项“接受不 舒服”适合作本段的主旨句。] 5,F[本段主要讲到了“接受不舒服”，因此，空处讲到的也 是在不舒服的情况下，自己可以给自己的心理暗示，故F 项“This is merely uncomfortable,not intolerable(这只是令 人不舒服，并不是让人无法忍受)”符合语境，且能引出下 文“You'll then gradually become more patient(然后，你就 会逐渐变得更加有耐心)”。] 13 Passage 3 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何找到 一个一起锻炼的伙伴。 l.C[根据上文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled 'Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner'.One reason was:'You'll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,’(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一 篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是： ‘如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。’)”可知， 这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以C项 “You'll work harder if you train with someone else,(知果 你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故 选C。] 2.D[根据上文“First of all,decide what you want from that person..(首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和下文 "Or do you just want to be physically fit,able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够 有力量且灵活地移动？)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己 结伴镀炼的目的。所以D项“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport'?(你想在你最喜欢的运动项 目上成为更好的运动员吗？)”符合上下文语境。故选D。] 3.B[根据上文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media,but it probably won't result in a useful response,(你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你 想要的东西，但这可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“f you plan on working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定 是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利 性的特点。所以B项“A workout partner usually needs to live close by.(锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文 语境。故选B。] 4.G[根据上文“y partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do,how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities,and provided her phone number.(我的搭档把她的要求贴在了 当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么 样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的 年龄。她也列出了她喜欢的运动和电话号码。)”可知空处 也应与帖子内容有关。故选G。] 5.F[根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills..(你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和下 "Over time,both of you will benefityour partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit..（久而久之，你们双方都会受益一你的伴侣 会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求 同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以F项“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.(接受你们的 不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。] 题组五 Passage 1 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。坐长途火车旅行的注意 事项。 1,D[空前的句子提供的信息是“大多数长途火车票，尤其 是卧铺票，很快就会卖完”，D项“夏天旺季的时候尤其如 此”符合语境。解题时，可以着重关注选项中的代词Tht 和空后一句中的连词But,以帮助厘清段落中的逻辑。 9 2.G[空前的句子主要陈述代理人能给旅行者带来的好处： 可以帮忙订到打折票。选项G则陈述了另外一个好处：可 以帮忙订到离就餐车厢近的车厢。而空后的句子是对选 项G的进一步补充：这样的话你就不需要在移动的火车上 每天三次穿过车厢去就餐。解题时，可以着重关注选项中 的副词also和空后一句中的副词Then,以帮助厘清段落 中的逻辑。 3.C[从空后句子中的“in particular'”可以看出，这句话是对 空处的进一步解释。选项C“车厢中的温度经常很难控制” 和空后的句子“尤其是夏天，空调会使车厢变得很冷”在逻 辑上吻合。] 4.E[空前的句子提供的信息是“很多火车一天只有一个班 次，甚至有的火车一周只有三个班次，所以错过一班车简 直是一种灾难”，选项E“如果要坐下一班次的车，你可能得 等超过24小时”是对空前句子的进一步解释。] 5.A[空后的句子罗列了一些在火车上可以做的事情，比如 读书、编织、做填字游戏、看窗外的风景，甚至计算火车的 速度，这些都是需要耐心的活动，所以空处应该起到引出 这些活动的作用。A项“火车旅行不适合没耐心的人”可 以很好地实现这一功能。] Passage 2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队 方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自 的利弊。 l.A[下文“It turns out,it's just math working against you; chances are,the other line really is faster..(原来，这只是你 的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。)”解释了上文 You chose wrong.(你选错了。)的原因，下文与空格处是因果关 系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。] 2.G[上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.(杂货店尽量雇佣足够的员工在结账时以使所有的 顾客以最小的延误完成结账。)”解释了杂货店之前的工作 模式，下文“Any small interruption一a price check,a chatty customer-can have downstream effects,holding up an entire line.(任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋 喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。)”描 述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原 因，故选G项。] 3.D[根据上文“If there are three lines in the store,delays will happen randomly at different registers..(如果杂货店中 有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。)”联系下 "So it's not just in your mind:Another line probably is moving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队 伍可能移动得更快。)”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有 可能出现问题。你的队伍排得最快的儿率只有三分之一。 故选D项。门 4.F[根据上文“Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem,(研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问 题。)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants.With a serpentine line,a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it.Instead,it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall,.(这个大多数银行和快餐店 都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜓的队伍，在一个登记处长时 间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢 每个人一，点，点，但加快了整体结账速度。)”说明这个新方 案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账 方案作比较。故选F项。 5.B[结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly,and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.(要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收 银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。)”说明了一个 原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly..(保持一条 生产线的快速运转。)”，可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队 伍的原因。故选B项。] 专题三完形填空 考点十一 完形填空（记叙类） 题组一 Cloze 1 语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我一生活与学习 学会断舍离 行文脉络：作者因为要搬家，需要处理家里的东西。作者在 处理的过程中想到把部分物品放到网上，让喜欢的人取走， 这种方式给作者带来了不一样的体验和感悟。 考点分布：动词（短语）7个，名词7个，形容词1个。 l.C[上文信息提示十生活常识。根据空前的“My husband and I had just sold our house”可知，作者和丈夫刚刚把房 子卖掉，所以他们忙着清空家里的东西，故选C。paint over“刷油漆覆盖”；look around“环视，参观”；empty out “清空，腾空”；pull down“拆毁，拆掉”。] 2.D[下文信息提示十原词复现。根据最后一段中的“Ist in my apartment today”可知，作者他们已经确定了要般到 新公寓的重要物件，故选D。hotel“旅馆”：office'“办公室”： cottage“小屋”；apartment“公寓”。] 3.A[上文信息推断。根据空前的“rented a place”可知，作 者他们租了一个地方来存放重要的东西，故选A。store “保存”；display“展示”；sell卖”；repair“修理”。] 4.C[上文信息推断。上文提到作者他们捐了部分东西，租 了地方放重要的东西。此处表示家里还堆满了不是很重 要但是又不至于扔掉的东西，故选C。cover'“掩蔽，遮盖”； decorate“装饰”；stuff"填满，装满，塞满”；equip配备”。] 5.B[上下文信息推断。根据空前的“supposedly important objects'”及空后的“didn't belong in a landfill(垃级填埋场)” 可推知，这些东西不至于被扔掉，说明它们还有用，尽管不 是很重要，故选B。conventional'“传统的”；valuable“很重要 的，很有用的”；complicated“复杂的”；tolerable“尚好的，过 得去的，还可以的”。] 6.B[上文信息提示。根据空前的“I took a picture of the vase”“wanting additional'”可知，有人想要更多关于这个花 瓶的照片，故选B。fee“费用”；photo“照片”；receipt“收 据”；mode“模型”。] 7,A[上文信息推断。根据语境可知，作者他们搬家离开的 日子要到了，故选A。move“搬家”；pay“工资，薪水”： market'“市场”；work“工作”。] 8.C[上下文信息推断。空前提到作者把这个花瓶标价0 美元然后重新上传到网上，空后的“I hate this vase.Maybe you won't”应是作者在上传的同时附上了这样的描述或说 明，故选C。warning“警告”；request“请求”；description “描述，说明”；reply“回复”。] 9.D[上下文信息提示。根据第三段中的“In an instant,a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase" 及空后的“I posted more”可知，一个女子冲到作者家，拿着 花瓶开心地离开。作者受到这件事的鼓舞，在网上发布了 更多物品信息，故选D。confuse“使困惑”；interest“使感兴 趣”；disappoint“使失望”；encourage“鼓励，激励”。] 0