内容正文:
短语专项(一):动词短语
📊考情分析 1
📋核心知识体系 1
一、📖教材核心动词短语(中考必考,基础必拿分) 1
二、🔍高频动词短语同义替换(中考提分关键) 4
三、📌动词短语在语境中的运用(中考核心,突破易错点) 5
💡动词短语记忆技巧(适配中考,高效牢记) 7
📐典型真题解构与解题方法精讲 7
考点一:动词短语含义辨析(单选/完形,基础必得分) 7
考点二:动词短语同义替换(单选/书面表达,提分关键) 8
考点三:动词短语语境运用(完形/阅读,高频考点) 9
考点四:动词短语变形(词汇运用,易错点) 10
📚分层进阶实战题库(中考真题型,共25题) 11
一、基础夯实类(1-15题):侧重基础必得分,覆盖核心短语 11
二、能力提升类(16-25题):侧重同义替换+语境,贴合中考命题 12
🔍精准解析与思路拆解 14
一、基础夯实类(1-15题) 14
二、能力提升类(16-25题) 16
📝高频考点总结 20
一、中考必考核心动词短语(20个,基础必记) 20
二、高频动词短语同义替换组(10组,提分关键) 21
三、中考易错点提醒(必看,避免扣分) 21
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
📊考情分析
本专项聚焦中考英语核心动词短语,作为短语类考查的基础模块,贯穿单选、完形填空、词汇运用、阅读理解、书面表达五大题型,累计分值占比15-20分,是基础得分点也是易错点,考查特点如下:
1.考查形式:全程语境化考查,无单独短语记忆题,侧重“含义辨析+同义替换+语境运用”,词汇运用中侧重短语的时态变形(过去式、现在分词),书面表达中正确使用同义短语可提升作文档次。
2.考查重点:① 教材核心动词短语(look up、take care of等,八年级+九年级重点);② 高频动词短语同义替换(如take care of=look after);③ 动词短语在不同语境中的灵活运用;④ 易混淆动词短语辨析(如look for/look at/look up)。
3.命题趋势:近年中考对动词短语的考查更侧重“语境适配”和“同义替换”,单选、完形中多结合简单语境考查短语辨析,书面表达中鼓励使用高级同义短语替换基础短语。
4.教学重难点:核心动词短语的精准记忆、易混淆短语的语境区分、同义短语的灵活替换、短语时态变形的规范使用。
📋核心知识体系
一、📖教材核心动词短语(中考必考,基础必拿分)
按短语核心动词分类(look、take、put、get、make等高频系列),覆盖八九年级教材核心动词短语,贴合教材语境,便于快速背诵,直击中考基础考点。
1.look系列(中考高频,侧重含义辨析)
1.1.look up 查阅;向上看(考点:查阅词典/资料,中考必考)
例句:When you meet a new word, you can look it up in the dictionary.
1.2.look after 照顾;照料(考点:同义替换take care of)
例句:I need to look after my little sister at home this weekend.
1.3.look for 寻找(考点:强调寻找的动作,与find区分)
例句:She is looking for her lost pen in the classroom.
1.4.look at 看(考点:强调看的动作,后接宾语)
例句:Please look at the blackboard and listen to the teacher carefully.
1.5.look forward to 期待;盼望(考点:to为介词,后接doing,中考易错点)
例句:We are looking forward to the summer holiday.
1.6.look out 小心;当心(考点:口语/语境类考查,简单易记)
例句:Look out! There is a car coming.
2.take系列(中考高频,侧重搭配与同义替换)
2.1.take care of 照顾;照料(考点:同义替换look after,中考必考)
例句:My grandparents are old, so I take care of them every day.
2.2.take part in 参加(考点:参加活动/会议,与join区分)
例句:All students should take part in the school sports meeting.
2.3.take notes 做笔记(考点:学习类语境,书面表达/阅读高频)
例句:It’s a good habit to take notes in class.
2.4.take place 发生(考点:无被动语态,与happen同义)
例句:Great changes have taken place in our hometown in recent years.
2.5.take up 占据(空间/时间);开始学习(考点:多语境考查)
例句:Playing the piano takes up a lot of my free time.
2.6.take off 起飞;脱下(考点:两种含义,语境区分)
例句:The plane will take off in ten minutes. / Take off your coat, it’s hot.
3.put系列(中考高频,侧重固定搭配)
3.1.put up 张贴;举起;搭建(考点:多含义,语境区分)
例句:We put up a poster on the wall. / Put up your hand if you know the answer.
3.2.put off 推迟;延期(考点:后接doing,中考易错点)
例句:We have to put off the meeting because of the heavy rain.
3.3.put away 收拾;整理(考点:生活类语境,简单易记)
例句:Please put away your books after class.
3.4.put on 穿上;戴上(考点:强调穿的动作,与wear区分)
例句:Put on your hat before you go out.
3.5.put down 放下;记下(考点:多含义,语境区分)
例句:Put down your phone and focus on your study.
4.get系列(中考高频,侧重语境运用)
4.1.get up 起床(考点:基础短语,日常语境)
例句:I usually get up at 6:30 every morning.
4.2.get on 上车;相处(考点:get on with sb. 与某人相处,中考必考)
例句:She gets on well with her classmates. / Let’s get on the bus.
4.3.get off 下车(考点:与get on对应,基础考点)
例句:Please get off the bus at the next stop.
4.4.get ready for 为…做准备(考点:同义替换prepare for)
例句:We are getting ready for the English test.
4.5.get over 克服(困难)(考点:书面表达提分短语)
例句:He tried his best to get over the difficulty in study.
5.make系列(中考高频,侧重搭配与语境)
5.1.make a decision 做决定(考点:同义替换decide to do sth.)
例句:She made a decision to study hard next term.
5.2.make friends 交朋友(考点:校园/情感类语境,基础必记)
例句:It’s easy to make friends with kind people.
5.3.make up 编造;组成(考点:多含义,语境区分)
例句:Don’t make up stories. / Girls make up half of the class.
5.4.make sure 确保;确认(考点:书面表达/语境类考查)
例句:Make sure you turn off the lights before you leave.
6.其他核心动词短语(中考高频,零散必记)
6.1.give up 放弃(考点:后接doing,书面表达提分短语)
例句:Never give up, and you will succeed.
6.2.turn on 打开(电器)(考点:与turn off对应)
例句:Please turn on the light, it’s dark.
6.3.turn off 关闭(电器)(考点:基础短语,日常语境)
例句:Don’t forget to turn off the TV when you go out.
6.4.pick up 捡起;拾起;接人(考点:多含义,语境区分)
例句:She picked up a pen from the ground. / My father will pick me up after school.
6.5.hand in 上交(作业/试卷)(考点:学习类语境,基础必记)
例句:We must hand in our homework on time.
二、🔍高频动词短语同义替换(中考提分关键)
选取中考最常考的动词短语同义替换组,帮助学生灵活替换,适配书面表达提分和完形/阅读语境适配,避免冗余,直击考点。
1.照顾;照料:take care of = look after
例句:She takes care of her grandma. = She looks after her grandma.
2.寻找:look for = search for
例句:He is looking for his key. = He is searching for his key.
3.参加:take part in = join in(活动);join(组织/团体)
例句:I will take part in the party. = I will join in the party.
4.发生:take place = happen(无被动语态)
例句:An accident took place yesterday. = An accident happened yesterday.
5.为…做准备:get ready for = prepare for
例句:They are getting ready for the trip. = They are preparing for the trip.
6.做决定:make a decision = decide to do sth.
例句:He made a decision to go abroad. = He decided to go abroad.
7.放弃:give up = give in to(侧重“向困难放弃”)
例句:She gave up smoking. = She gave in to the desire to quit smoking.
8.查阅:look up = search up(口语/书面均可用)
例句:Look up the word online. = Search up the word online.
9.相处融洽:get on well with = get along well with
例句:He gets on well with his parents. = He gets along well with his parents.
10.脱下;取下:take off = pull off(口语化,中考低频)
例句:Take off your shoes. = Pull off your shoes.
三、📌动词短语在语境中的运用(中考核心,突破易错点)
按中考高频语境分类,每个语境串联核心动词短语,配完整句子,帮助学生掌握短语在实际语境中的用法,适配单选、完形、书面表达,避免孤立记忆,逻辑清晰。
1.学习类语境(中考高频,适配阅读/书面表达)
1.1.课堂场景:In class, we should listen carefully, take notes, and look up new words in the dictionary when we meet them. After class, we must hand in our homework on time and never give up studying.
1.2.备考场景:Before the exam, we are getting ready for it, looking up our notes and making sure we master all the key points. We also take part in the review meeting to discuss difficult problems.
2.生活类语境(中考高频,适配完形/单选)
2.1.家庭场景:On weekends, I get up early, help my mom look after my little sister, put away my room, and take care of my grandparents. In the evening, I turn on the TV to relax and turn it off before going to bed.
2.2.出行场景:When I go to school, I get on the bus at the nearest stop and get off at the stop near the school. Sometimes my father picks me up after school, and we talk about my school life on the way.
3.活动类语境(中考高频,适配完形/阅读)
3.1.校园活动:All students take part in the school art festival. We put up posters to introduce our programs, take notes of the wonderful performances, and look forward to the next festival.
3.2.户外活动:We planned a picnic, but we had to put it off because of the rain. Later, we took place the picnic in the park, picked up the rubbish after it, and had a good time.
4.情感/态度类语境(中考高频,适配书面表达)
4.1.坚持与放弃:When we meet difficulties, we should never give up. We can ask our teachers and friends for help, get over the difficulties, and make a decision to keep going.
4.2.期待与祝福:We are looking forward to the summer holiday, hoping to take part in more interesting activities and make more new friends. We also look after each other and wish everyone a happy holiday.
💡动词短语记忆技巧(适配中考,高效牢记)
结合动词短语“含义多、易混淆、需语境”的特点,讲解3种高效记忆方法,贴合中考复习节奏,帮助学生快速牢记、灵活运用,突破易错点,避免死记硬背。
1.系列分组记忆法(适配核心短语)
将同一核心动词的短语捆绑记忆,形成“动词+短语”系列,结合含义联想,避免混淆。示例:look系列→look up(查阅)、look after(照顾)、look for(寻找)、look at(看),联想“看”的不同场景,快速区分含义。
2.同义对比记忆法(适配同义替换)
将同义动词短语成对记忆,结合例句强化,同时掌握替换技巧,适配书面表达提分。示例:take care of ↔ look after,结合“照顾家人”的例句,一次记两个,提升记忆效率。
3.语境串联记忆法(适配语境运用)
将不同语境中的核心短语串联成完整句子,结合场景记忆,同时熟悉短语的用法的语境,适配中考单选、完形。示例:学习语境→take notes(做笔记)→look up(查阅)→hand in(上交)→give up(放弃),串联成课堂学习的句子,强化记忆。
📐典型真题解构与解题方法精讲
选取近3年中考真题,覆盖动词短语类4大核心考点(短语含义辨析、同义替换、语境运用、短语变形),每个考点含考点解读+真题题干+解题步骤+方法总结,贴合中考考点,让学生掌握“一类题的解法”,突破易错点。
考点一:动词短语含义辨析(单选/完形,基础必得分)
考点解读
考查核心动词短语的含义区分,多为同一系列短语(如look系列、take系列),结合简单语境,难度较低,是基础必得分题,多在单选、完形中考查。
中考真题
单项选择:—What are you doing, Tom? —I’m ______ my pen. I can’t find it anywhere.(2025年中考真题)
A. looking after B. looking for C. looking up D. looking at
解题步骤
① 析语境定含义:题干中“can’t find it”(找不到它),说明动作是“寻找”,对应短语含义;
② 辨短语含义:looking after(照顾)、looking for(寻找)、looking up(查阅/向上看)、looking at(看),锁定looking for;
③ 验证句意:“汤姆,你在做什么?我在找我的钢笔,我到处都找不到它”,语境与短语含义匹配,语法正确。
方法总结
遵循“① 结合语境定含义→② 辨析短语核心差异→③ 验证句意与语法”的逻辑,重点熟记同一系列动词短语的含义,避免混淆。
考点二:动词短语同义替换(单选/书面表达,提分关键)
考点解读
考查高频动词短语的同义替换,多在单选、完形中考查“同义短语辨析”,在书面表达中考查“同义替换提分”,要求学生掌握核心同义短语,灵活适配语境。
中考真题
单项选择:My mother often asks me to ______ my little brother when she is out.(2024年中考真题)
A. take care B. look for C. take care of D. look up
解题步骤
① 析语境定含义:题干中“妈妈外出时,让我______弟弟”,含义为“照顾”,对应同义短语组;
② 辨同义短语:“照顾”的核心同义短语为take care of和look after,选项中只有take care of符合;
③ 验证搭配:take care为不及物短语,后不可接宾语(my little brother),take care of后可接宾语,语法正确,句意通顺。
方法总结
遵循“① 结合语境定核心含义→② 调取同义短语组→③ 验证短语搭配与语法”的逻辑,重点熟记同义短语的搭配差异(及物/不及物),避免搭配错误。
考点三:动词短语语境运用(完形/阅读,高频考点)
考点解读
考查动词短语在具体语境中的灵活运用,多在完形填空、阅读理解中考查,要求学生结合上下文语境,选择合适的动词短语,侧重“语境适配”,是中考核心考点。
中考真题
完形填空(节选):When the new term starts, all students ______ the school sports meeting. They put up posters, practice their programs, and look forward to the big day.(2023年中考真题)
A. take part in B. take off C. put off D. give up
解题步骤
① 判上下文语境:后文“put up posters(张贴海报)、practice their programs(练习节目)、look forward to the big day(期待这一天)”,说明动作与“参加活动”相关;
② 辨短语含义与语境:take part in(参加)、take off(起飞/脱下)、put off(推迟)、give up(放弃),只有take part in适配“参加运动会”的语境;
③ 验证句意:“新学期开始时,所有学生都参加学校运动会,他们张贴海报、练习节目,期待这一天的到来”,与上下文匹配,句意通顺。
方法总结
遵循“① 结合上下文判语境→② 辨析短语含义与语境适配性→③ 验证句意与上下文连贯”的逻辑,重点关注上下文的动作衔接,锁定合适的动词短语。
考点四:动词短语变形(词汇运用,易错点)
考点解读
考查动词短语的时态变形(过去式、现在分词)、主谓一致,多在词汇运用题型中考查,要求学生掌握短语的变形规则,结合时态、主谓一致确定形式,是易错点。
中考真题
根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空:She ______(take care of)her sick mother at home yesterday.(2025年中考真题)
解题步骤
① 析时态:题干中yesterday(昨天)为过去时间状语,句子时态为一般过去时,动词短语需用过去式;
② 核短语变形:take care of的过去式为took care of,短语整体变形,核心动词take变过去式took;
③ 验证句意:“她昨天在家照顾她生病的妈妈”,时态正确,句意通顺。
方法总结
遵循“① 结合时间状语定时态→② 确定动词短语的变形形式(核心动词变形)→③ 验证时态与句意”的逻辑,重点注意短语变形时,只有核心动词变时态,介词/副词不变。
📚分层进阶实战题库(中考真题型,共25题)
本题库严格贴合动词短语中考考查形式,分一、基础夯实类(1-15题)和二、能力提升类(16-25题),基础题侧重短语含义、基础运用及变形,能力题侧重同义替换、语境辨析及易混淆短语,无超纲题,试题与动词短语主题高度对应,选用最新中考真题改编。
一、基础夯实类(1-15题):侧重基础必得分,覆盖核心短语
1.根据句意和汉语提示写短语:When you meet a new word, you can ______(查阅)it in the dictionary.
2.单项选择:My sister often ______ her little cat when my parents are not at home.
A. looks after B. looks for C. looks up D. looks at
3.根据句意用所给短语的适当形式填空:We ______(take part in)the school meeting yesterday afternoon.
4.单项选择:Please ______ your hand if you know the answer to the question.
A. put off B. put up C. put away D. put down
5.根据首字母提示写短语:She is l______ f______ her lost bag everywhere in the shop.
6.单项选择:He usually ______ at 7:00 a.m. and goes to school at 7:30.
A. gets up B. gets on C. gets off D. gets ready for
7.根据句意和汉语提示写短语:We must ______(上交)our homework before class.
8.单项选择:Don’t ______ the TV. My little brother is watching his favorite cartoon.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
9.根据句意用所给短语的适当形式填空:They ______(look forward to)the winter holiday every year.
10.单项选择:She ______ a pen from the ground and gave it to the teacher.
A. picked up B. put up C. gave up D. took off
11.根据首字母提示写短语:My father will p______ me ______ after school this afternoon.
12.单项选择:We have to ______ the picnic because of the bad weather.
A. take off B. put off C. take part in D. look after
13.根据句意和汉语提示写短语:Never ______(放弃), and you will achieve your dream.
14.单项选择:Can you ______ this new word for me? I don’t know its meaning.
A. look after B. look for C. look up D. look at
15.根据句意用所给短语的适当形式填空:She ______(make a decision)to study abroad after high school last week.
二、能力提升类(16-25题):侧重同义替换+语境,贴合中考命题
16.单项选择:The accident ______ on a rainy morning last month.(同义替换)
A. took place B. took off C. put off D. gave up
17.根据句意用所给短语的同义短语填空:She looks after her grandma every day.(同义替换take care of)→ She ______ her grandma every day.
18.单项选择:He ______ well with his classmates and everyone likes him.(语境运用)
A. gets on B. gets up C. gets off D. gets ready for
19.选词填空(take care of/look up/put away/give up):Please ______ your books after reading, ______ new words in the dictionary if you meet them, ______ your little sister and never ______ studying.
20.根据句意用所给短语的适当形式填空:They ______(get ready for)the exam these days.(现在进行时)
21.单项选择:Which phrase has the same meaning as “search for”?(同义替换)
A. look after B. look for C. look up D. look at
22.选词填空(take part in/put up/take place/put off):The school art festival will ______ next week. We need to ______ posters to introduce it and all students can ______ it. We won’t ______ it because of the good weather.
23.根据首字母提示写短语:We are l______ f______ t______ to meeting our favorite teacher.
24.单项选择:She ______ her coat and went out. It was very cold outside.(语境辨析)
A. put on B. took off C. put away D. gave up
25.选词填空(make friends/hand in/take notes/look forward to):In class, we should ______ carefully, ______ our homework on time after class, ______ with our classmates and ______ the coming holiday.
🔍精准解析与思路拆解
本部分解析含【答案】+【解析】+【点睛】,【点睛】针对中考考点,强调短语含义、同义替换、语境适配、变形规则,补充易错点提醒,让学生吃透考点,避免再错。
一、基础夯实类(1-15题)
1.【答案】look up
【解析】根据汉语提示“查阅”,对应核心动词短语look up;can后接动词原形,短语用原形即可,注意it要放在look和up中间。
【点睛】重点记忆look up“查阅”的用法,中考必考,注意代词作宾语时要放在短语中间(look it up)。
2.【答案】A
【解析】looks after(照顾),符合“父母不在家时,姐姐照顾小猫”的语境;looks for(寻找)、looks up(查阅)、looks at(看)均不符合语境。
【点睛】结合“照顾宠物”的生活语境,区分look系列短语的含义,基础必得分。
3.【答案】took part in
【解析】take part in(参加),题干中yesterday afternoon(昨天下午)为过去时,核心动词take变过去式took,短语变形为took part in。
【点睛】强调动词短语变形规则:时态变化时,只变核心动词(take→took),介词/副词不变。
4.【答案】B
【解析】put up(举起),put up your hand(举手)为固定搭配,符合“知道答案举手”的语境;put off(推迟)、put away(收拾)、put down(放下)均不符合。
【点睛】熟记put系列短语的含义,结合课堂场景,快速锁定答案。
5.【答案】looking for
【解析】首字母l和f+句意“她在商店里到处______丢失的包”,对应短语looking for(寻找);空前有is,句子为现在进行时,用looking for。
【点睛】注意现在进行时中,动词短语用“be+动词-ing”形式,核心动词look变looking。
6.【答案】A
【解析】gets up(起床),符合“早上7点起床,7点30分去上学”的日常语境;gets on(上车)、gets off(下车)、gets ready for(准备)均不符合。
【点睛】结合日常作息语境,区分get系列短语的含义,基础必记。
7.【答案】hand in
【解析】根据汉语提示“上交”,对应核心动词短语hand in;must后接动词原形,短语用原形即可。
【点睛】熟记hand in“上交作业/试卷”的用法,学习类基础短语,中考必考。
8.【答案】B
【解析】turn off(关闭),结合后文“弟弟在看动画片”,可知句意是“不要关电视”;turn on(打开)、turn up(调大)、turn down(调小)均不符合。
【点睛】结合生活语境,区分turn系列短语的含义,注意turn on和turn off的对应关系。
9.【答案】look forward to
【解析】look forward to(期待),题干中every year(每年)为一般现在时,主语they为复数,短语用原形即可。
【点睛】重点提醒:look forward to中to为介词,后接doing,中考易错点,可结合例句强化记忆。
10.【答案】A
【解析】picked up(捡起),符合“从地上捡起钢笔,交给老师”的语境;put up(张贴)、gave up(放弃)、took off(起飞/脱下)均不符合。
【点睛】熟记pick up“捡起”的用法,结合生活场景,快速锁定答案。
11.【答案】pick;up
【解析】首字母p和u+句意“我爸爸今天下午放学后会______我”,对应短语pick up(接人);will后接动词原形,用pick up。
【点睛】注意pick up“接人”的含义,与“捡起”区分,结合出行语境记忆。
12.【答案】B
【解析】put off(推迟),符合“因为坏天气,不得不推迟野餐”的语境;take off(起飞/脱下)、take part in(参加)、look after(照顾)均不符合。
【点睛】结合“天气影响活动”的语境,记忆put off“推迟”的用法,基础考点。
13.【答案】give up
【解析】根据汉语提示“放弃”,对应核心动词短语give up;Never后接动词原形,短语用原形即可,注意后接doing。
【点睛】重点记忆give up“放弃”的用法,后接动名词(give up doing),书面表达提分短语。
14.【答案】C
【解析】look up(查阅),符合“帮我查阅新单词的意思”的语境;look after(照顾)、look for(寻找)、look at(看)均不符合。
【点睛】结合“查阅单词”的学习语境,区分look系列短语的含义,中考必考。
15.【答案】made a decision
【解析】make a decision(做决定),题干中last week(上周)为过去时,核心动词make变过去式made,短语变形为made a decision。
【点睛】强调动词短语的过去式变形,同时熟记其同义替换decide to do sth.。
二、能力提升类(16-25题)
16.【答案】A
【解析】took place(发生),同义替换happen,符合“事故上个月在一个雨天的早上发生”的语境;took off(起飞/脱下)、put off(推迟)、gave up(放弃)均不符合。
【点睛】高频同义替换考查,重点记忆take place和happen的同义关系,且两者均无被动语态。
17.【答案】takes care of
【解析】look after的同义短语为take care of,句子主语she为第三人称单数,核心动词take变takes,短语变形为takes care of。
【点睛】同义替换考查,重点记忆“照顾”的两个核心短语,注意主谓一致。
18.【答案】A
【解析】gets on(相处),gets on well with sb.(与某人相处融洽)为固定搭配,符合“他和同学相处融洽,大家都喜欢他”的语境;gets up(起床)、gets off(下车)、gets ready for(准备)均不符合。
【点睛】重点记忆gets on well with的固定搭配,中考必考,结合情感语境记忆。
19.【答案】put away;look up;take care of;give up
【解析】结合语境,put away(收拾),对应“读完书收拾书本”;look up(查阅),对应“查阅新单词”;take care of(照顾),对应“照顾小妹妹”;give up(放弃),对应“永不放弃学习”;please后接原形,and连接并列短语,均用原形。
【点睛】多短语语境串联考查,结合不同场景,区分核心动词短语的含义,适配中考完形填空。
20.【答案】are getting ready for
【解析】get ready for(准备),题干中these days(这些天)为现在进行时,主语they为复数,be动词用are,核心动词get变getting,短语变形为are getting ready for。
【点睛】强调现在进行时中动词短语的变形,结合备考语境,记忆短语用法。
21.【答案】B
【解析】look for(寻找),与search for同义,符合题干“找同义短语”的要求;look after(照顾)、look up(查阅)、look at(看)均不与search for同义。
【点睛】同义替换辨析,重点记忆“寻找”的两个核心短语,中考高频考点。
22.【答案】take place;put up;take part in;put off
【解析】结合活动语境,take place(发生/举行),对应“艺术节下周举行”;put up(张贴),对应“张贴海报”;take part in(参加),对应“所有学生都能参加”;put off(推迟),对应“不会因为好天气推迟”;will后接原形,need to后接原形,can后接原形,均用原形。
【点睛】活动类语境串联考查,结合上下文动作衔接,锁定合适的动词短语,适配中考完形填空。
23.【答案】looking forward to
【解析】首字母l、f、t+句意“我们______见到我们最喜欢的老师”,对应短语looking forward to(期待);空前有are,句子为现在进行时,用looking forward to。
【点睛】重点提醒:look forward to中to为介词,后接动名词,中考易错点,注意短语拼写完整。
24.【答案】A
【解析】put on(穿上),结合后文“外面很冷”,可知句意是“她穿上外套出去了”;took off(脱下)、put away(收拾)、gave up(放弃)均不符合语境。
【点睛】语境辨析考查,结合天气场景,区分put on和took off的含义,避免混淆。
25.【答案】take notes;hand in;make friends;look forward to
【解析】结合学习语境,take notes(做笔记),对应“课堂上认真做笔记”;hand in(上交),对应“课后按时上交作业”;make friends(交朋友),对应“和同学交朋友”;look forward to(期待),对应“期待即将到来的假期”;should后接原形,and连接并列短语,均用原形。
【点睛】学习类语境串联考查,结合课堂/课后场景,串联核心动词短语,适配中考书面表达。
📝高频考点总结
本部分为动词短语考前必背精华,简洁易记,覆盖中考所有高频考点,重点突出核心短语、同义替换组和易错点,课堂最后5分钟可提问检测,确保学生掌握。
一、中考必考核心动词短语(20个,基础必记)
1.look up(查阅;向上看)→ 代词放中间(look it up)
2.look after(照顾)→ 同义take care of
3.look for(寻找)→ 强调动作,与find区分
4.look forward to(期待)→ to为介词,后接doing
5.take care of(照顾)→ 同义look after
6.take part in(参加)→ 参加活动,与join区分
7.take notes(做笔记)→ 学习类高频
8.take place(发生)→ 无被动,同义happen
9.put up(张贴;举起)→ put up your hand(举手)
10.put off(推迟)→ 后接doing
11.put away(收拾)→ 生活类高频
12.put on(穿上)→ 强调动作,与wear区分
13.get up(起床)→ 日常类高频
14.get on well with(与…相处融洽)→ 中考必考
15.get ready for(准备)→ 同义prepare for
16.make a decision(做决定)→ 同义decide to do sth.
17.make friends(交朋友)→ 书面表达高频
18.give up(放弃)→ 后接doing,书面表达提分
19.hand in(上交)→ 上交作业/试卷,基础必记
20.pick up(捡起;接人)→ 多含义,语境区分
二、高频动词短语同义替换组(10组,提分关键)
1.照顾:look after ↔ take care of
2.寻找:look for ↔ search for
3.参加(活动):take part in ↔ join in
4.发生:take place ↔ happen
5.准备:get ready for ↔ prepare for
6.做决定:make a decision ↔ decide to do sth.
7.放弃:give up ↔ give in to(向困难)
8.查阅:look up ↔ search up
9.相处融洽:get on well with ↔ get along well with
10.脱下:take off ↔ pull off(口语)
三、中考易错点提醒(必看,避免扣分)
1.短语中代词作宾语时,要放在核心动词和介词/副词中间(look it up,不是look up it);
2.look forward to、put off、give up后接动名词(doing),不可接to do;
3.动词短语变形时,只变核心动词(take care of→took care of),介词/副词不变;
4.take place和happen无被动语态,不能用于被动句;
5.区分易混淆短语:look for(寻找动作)/find(找到结果)、put on(穿动作)/wear(穿状态)。
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