内容正文:
动词一般将来时以及动词不定式作宾语
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· 知识讲解:抓住重点、细致讲解、全面掌握。
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一般将来时态
一般将来时的概念和使用场景:
陈述将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,或者陈述将来经常或反复发生的动作时,句子用一般将来时。
· I'll pick you up at 7 PM. 我7点接你。
· The train will arrive in 10 minutes. 火车10分钟后到。
· I'm going to start a new job next month. 我下个月要开始新工作。
· The traffic is going to be heavy during rush hour. 早晚高峰交通会拥堵。
(一)be going to构成的一般将来时
1、基本结构:“主语 + be(am/is/are)+ going to + 动词原形+其他。”
2、该结构表示的意义:
(1)表示已预先决定或安排的事,强调主观意图。
· I’m going to study abroad next year. (我计划留学。)
· We’re going to save money for a house. (我们打算存钱买房。)
(2)根据现有迹象推断即将发生的事。
· Look at the clouds! It’s going to rain. (乌云密布预示下雨。)
· The car is going to crash if he doesn’t slow down. (根据车速判断危险。)
3、句式变换:
(1)肯定式:主语 + be(am/is/are)+ going to + 动词原形+其他。
· She is going to buy that dress.(她打算买那件衣服。)
(2)否定句:主语 + be + not + going to + 动词原形+其他。
· She isn't going to buy that dress.(她不打算买那件衣服。)
(3)一般疑问句:—Be +主语 + going to + 动词原形+其他?
—Yes, 主语 + be. / No, 主语 + be + not.
· Is she going to buy that dress?(她打算买那件衣服吗?)
· —Are you going to attend the meeting?(你打算参加会议吗?)
—Yes, I am/No, they aren't.
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?
· What is she going to buy?(她打算买什么?)
(5)在There be中的使用:There be + going to + 动词原形 + 其他。
· There is going to be a party tonight.(今晚将有一个聚会。)
(二)由will构成的一般将来时
1、基本结构:
(1)肯定句:主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他。
· I'll buy you a gift. (我给你买礼物。)
· I shall never forget this. (我绝不会忘记。)
· He will win the race. (他会赢得比赛。)
(2)否定式:主语+will/shall+not+动词原形+其他。
· She won't attend the meeting.(她不会参加会议。)
(3)一般疑问句:Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 will/shall.
否定回答:No, 主语 will/shall+not.
· —Will you help me?(你们会帮我吗?)
—Yes, we will. / No, we will not. 是的,我们会的。/不,我们不会。
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词 + will/shall + 主语 + 动词原形 +其他?
· When will they arrive?(他们什么时候到?)
【注意】shall用于第一人称I(we) ; will可用于各人称。will常缩写为’ll与主语连写在一起,will not常缩写为won't,shall not 常缩写为shan't。
【注意一些特殊情况】
(1)有些表示位置移动的动词(如:go,come,leave等),用现在进行时表示将来。
· Uncle Wang is coming soon.王叔叔不久就要来了。
· She is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.她明天要去北京。
(2)在时间和条件状语从句中,都可用一般现在时表示将来。
· If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic.(如果明天不下雨,我们将出去野餐。)
· When the clock strikes 12, the party will begin.(钟敲12点时,派对开始)
· I’ll call you as soon as I land.(我落地后立刻给你打电话)
2、一般将来时的时间标志词。
表示将来的具体时间或模糊时间的一些词或从句:tomorrow、next +时间单位、in +一段时间、from now on、in the future、someday、soon、later。
· I’ll call you later.(我稍后给你打电话。)
· She will finish the report tomorrow.(她明天会完成这份报告。)
· We’ll travel to Japan next month.(我们下个月将去日本旅行。)
· The new model will launch in 2027.(新车型将于2027年推出。)
· When she arrives, we’ll start dinner.(她到后,我们就开始吃晚饭。)
3、be going to与will的对比辨析
be going to也表示一种将来的时态,但与will表示的将来时态有所不同
对比维度
be going to
will
计划性
预先计划或意图
临时决定或表示意愿
预测依据
有客观迹象
主观猜测
正式程度
更口语化,表具体计划
口语化或正式语境均可
4、其他形式的一般将来时。
结构“be(am/is/are) about to+动词原形”用来表示即将发生的事情,通常强调动作或事件非常接近,几乎要发生。这里避免与具体时间词连用(如tomorrow, next week),因“about to”本身已隐含“极近未来”。
· The storm is about to hit. 风暴即将来临。
· The plane is about to take off. Fasten your seatbelt.(飞机即将起飞,请系好安全带)
动词不定式作宾语
1、动词不定式基本形式是 to do,有些情况下可以省略“to”,其否定式是 在to之前加not (not to do,当to省略则not do)。
2、动词不定式作宾语:
动词不定式不能充当句子的谓语,可以充当多种其它的句子成分,如主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语和状语等。这里讲解不定式作宾语。
(1)动词不定式(短语)可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask,hope/wish/expect;agree/promise;demand;refuse;manage;decide;pretend;choose等。
· She hopes to travel to Japan next year.(她希望明年去日本旅行)
· He decided not to attend the meeting.(他决定不参加会议)
· We plan to open a new branch.(我们计划开设一家新分店。)
· They agreed to lower the price.(他们同意降低价格。)
· He advised me to study harder.(他建议我更加努力学习。)
(2)动词不定式可以和一些疑问词(what/where/how等)一起用作宾语。
· I don't know how to fix this computer.(我不知道如何修理这台电脑)
· We need to discuss what to do next.(我们需要讨论下一步做什么)
【拓展】
(1) 、如果and连接两个动词不定式,第二个动词不定式一般省“to”。
· He wants to go and have a swim with us. 他想和我们一起去游泳。
(2) 、若作宾语的动词不定式(短语)很长,可用it作形式宾语。
· I find it interesting to learn English with you. 我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。
一、单项选择
1.There ________ a classical music concert at Yunnan Opera Theatre next month.
A.are going to be B.is going to be C.have D.will have
【答案】B
【详解】句意:下个月云南歌剧院将有一场古典音乐会。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。选项A是复数形式,选项B是单数形式,选项C和D是have表示“有”,但there be句型中应用be动词表示“存在有”。主语“a classical music concert”是单数,且时间状语“next month”表示将来,因此用there is going to be。故选B。
2.—Jane and I ________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us?
—Sure. See you then.
A.had B.have had C.are going to have D.were having
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——简和我这周日打算去野餐。你想和我们一起去吗?——当然。到时见。
考查一般将来时态。根据“this Sunday”可知,动作发生在将来,且表示计划或安排,应用一般将来时,其结构是“be going to do sth.”,主语“Jane and I”是复数,所以此处用are。故选C。
3.—What’s your plan for your holidays?
—I ________ the science museum. There’s an AI show there.
A.visit B.am going to visit C.have visited D.visited
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你假期有什么计划?——我打算参观科学博物馆。那里有一场人工智能展览。
考查一般将来时。visit参观,一般现在时;am going to visit一般将来时;have visited现在完成时;visited一般过去时。根据问句“What’s your plan for your holidays?”可知,此处是询问假期计划,回答应表示将来打算做某事,用一般将来时。故选B。
4.—What are you saving money for?
—Father’s Day is coming. I ________ a gift for my father.
A.buy B.am going to buy C.bought D.was buying
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你在为什么存钱?——父亲节快到了。我打算给父亲买一份礼物。
考查一般将来时。根据问句“What are you saving money for?”(存钱的目的)以及答语中“Father’s Day is coming”(父亲节快到了)可知,存钱是为了将来买礼物,表示计划或打算做某事,应用一般将来时“be going to”结构。故选B。
5.There are many dark clouds. It ________ soon.
A.will rain B.is going to rain C.rained D.rains
【答案】B
【详解】句意:天空中有很多乌云。它将要很快下雨。
考查将来时态的表达。will rain将下雨,表示客观推测;is going to rain将下雨,表示有证据的推测;rained下雨了,一般过去时;rains下雨,一般现在时。根据“many dark clouds”可知,乌云密布这一当前迹象,是表示基于客观证据的将来动作,应使用“be going to”结构,强调根据现状推断的必然性。故选B。
6.—What ________ you ________ tomorrow morning?
—I’m going to read English books.
A.will; do B.are; going to do C.do; do D.did; do
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——明天早上你打算做什么?——我打算读英语书。
考查一般将来时的用法。根据答句“I’m going to read English books.”可知问句也需用相同时态询问未来安排,即用“be going to”强调计划。故选B。
7.If you work hard, I’m sure you will ________ the work in a week.
A.be able to finish B.can finish
C.is able finish D.are able to finish
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你努力,我相信你一周后将能够完成这项工作。
考查情态动词与be able to的用法。be able to finish能够完成;can finish能完成;is able finish表达错误,缺少to;are able to finish能够完成。主句为“I’m sure you will...”,“will”后需接动词原形,且表示能够,应用be able to,will后接be able to符合将来时结构。B项中can与will不能连用;C项结构错误;D项are与will冲突。故选A。
8.—Do you know the community library ________ free books to children next week?
—Yes! I’m going to get some storybooks for my little brother.
A.gives B.gave C.will give D.has given
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你知道社区图书馆下周会给孩子们免费送书吗?——知道!我打算给我弟弟拿几本故事书。
考查动词时态。根据问句中“next week”可知,动作发生在将来,时态应用一般将来时,其结构为“will +动词原形”。故选C。
9.We ________a party to celebrate the Spring Festival next week.
A.had B.have C.are having D.will have
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们下周将举办一个派对来庆祝春节。
考查动词时态。had举办(一般过去时);have举办(一般现在时);are having举办(现在进行时);will have举办(一般将来时)。根据时间状语“next week”可知,动作发生在将来,应使用一般将来时;are having是现在进行时表将来,通常用于计划好、即将发生的动作,而“举办春节派对”并非是已经确定好的即时计划,用will have(一般将来时)更合适。故选D。
10.—It’s said that a new kind of robot ________ soon. It can take care of the old.
—That’s amazing!
A.is invent B.will invent C.invents D.will be invented
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——据说一种新型机器人很快将被发明出来。它可以照顾老人。——太神奇了!
考查被动语态和时态。根据“soon”可知动作发生在将来,且主语“a new kind of robot”与动词“invent”之间是被动关系(机器人被发明),需用一般将来时的被动语态“will be invented”。故选D。
11.________ a Zhangzhou Puppetry (布袋木偶戏) show next Monday.
A.There was B.There is C.There will be
【答案】C
【详解】句意:下周一将有一场漳州布袋木偶戏演出。
考查there be句型的时态。There was为一般过去时;There is为一般现在时;There will be为一般将来时。根据时间状语“next Monday(下周一)”可知,句子表示将来发生的事情,应使用一般将来时。故选C。
12.—Linda, do you want to watch a movie with me this evening?
—Yes. But I need to finish my homework first and then I ________ you at the cinema.
A.meet B.don’t meet C.will meet D.won’t meet
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—— 琳达,你今晚想和我一起看电影吗?—— 想啊。但我得先做完作业,然后我会在电影院和你碰面。
考查一般将来时态。根据“this evening”可知,此处用一般将来时态,其结构是“will + 动词原形”,结合“Yes. But I need to finish my homework first and then I”可知,此处表肯定,故选C。
13.Don’t give up. If you keep practicing, you ________ the piano well some day.
A.play B.will play C.played D.have played
【答案】B
【详解】句意:别放弃。如果你坚持练习,总有一天你会弹好钢琴的。
考查动词时态。根据题干可知,本句是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来;结合选项可知,主句应该用一般将来时,其结构为“will+动词原形”,故选B。
14.I was ________ go out when it began to rain heavily.
A.ready to B.about to C.able to D.glad to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我正要出门,这时开始下起了大雨。
考查短语辨析。ready to准备做某事;about to正要做某事;able to能够做某事;glad to乐意做某事。根据“I was...go out when it began to rain heavily.”可知,此处表示正要出门,应用be about to do sth.结构,表示“正要做某事,这时……”。故选B。
15.There ________ a football match on TV this evening.
A.is going to be B.was C.will have D.are going to be
【答案】A
【详解】句意:今天晚上电视上将会有一场足球赛。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。is going to be将有,一般将来时单数;was有,过去时单数;will have表达错误;are going to be将有,一般将来时复数。句子表示将来“将有”,且主语“a football match”是单数,应用there is going to be结构。故选A。
16.When I saw my friend on the street, I stopped ______ to her.
A.to talk B.talking
C.talk D.talked
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当我在街上看到我的朋友时,我停下来和她说话。
考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.“停下来去做另一件事”,stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事”。根据句意,看到朋友后,应该是停下脚步,去做“和她说话”这件事,所以应该使用stop to do sth.的结构。故选A。
17.My grandparents prefer ________ around the lake ________ themselves up after dinner.
A.to walk, cheering B.to walk, to cheer
C.walking, cheering D.walking, to cheer
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我祖父母更喜欢晚饭后在湖边散步来让自己振作精神。
考查非谓语动词。to walk散步,不定式;walking散步,动名词;to cheer使振奋,不定式;cheering使振奋,动名词。动词“prefer”后接不定式表示特定或具体的偏好,prefer to do sth.“更喜欢做某事”,第二空格处表示散步的目的,应用不定式to cheer作目的状语。故选B。
18.You need ________ with your parents about the problems in your life. They are always ready to help you.
A.talk B.to talk C.talking D.talked
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你需要和你的父母谈谈你生活中遇到的问题。他们总是乐意帮助你。
考查非谓语动词。根据“You need…with your parents about your problems in your life.”可知,句子为肯定句,考查need to do sth.“需要做某事”,固定搭配;因此,这里应用动词不定式to talk。故选B。
19.— You looked so sleepy this morning, Li Hong!
— Well, I finally managed ________ the habit of staying up late.
A.to break B.break C.breaking
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——李红,你今天早上看起来很困!——嗯,我终于设法改掉了熬夜的习惯。
考查非谓语动词。to break改掉,动词不定式;break改掉,动词原形;breaking改掉,动名词。manage to do sth.“设法做某事”,此处用动词不定式作宾语。故选A。
20.—What beautiful flowers! I can’t decide ________ for my mother.
—For Mother’s Day, it can’t be better to take some carnations (康乃馨).
A.when to choose B.how to choose C.which to choose
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——多么漂亮的花啊!我无法决定为我的妈妈选哪一种。——在母亲节,送一些康乃馨再合适不过了。
考查疑问词+不定式的用法。when to choose何时选择;how to choose如何选择;which to choose选择哪一个。根据答语“送康乃馨再合适不过了”可知,答话人建议选择康乃馨,因此第一句话是在表达“无法决定选哪一种花”。故选C。
二、单词拼写
21.Try (finish) the work before 5 o’clock this afternoon.
【答案】to finish
【详解】句意:尽量在今天下午五点前完成这项工作。try to do sth.“尽力/努力做某事”,为固定搭配,因此填动词不定式。故填to finish。
22.We decided (join) the volunteer activity to help clean up the park.
【答案】to join
【详解】句意:我们决定参加志愿者活动来帮助清理公园。根据“decided”可知,decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,横线处需填动词不定式,join“参加”,动词,其不定式形式为to join。故填to join。
23.Would you like (come) with us?
【答案】to come
【详解】句意:你愿意和我们一起去吗?come “去”,动词原形,根据此句是“Would you like … ”的句型是情态动词“Would like”的一般疑问句,变成陈述句是“would like to do something”的结构,因此此处的“come”需用动词不定式“to come”。故填to come。
24.My father wasn’t happy, because I forgot (do) my homework.
【答案】to do
【详解】句意:我爸爸不高兴,因为我忘记做我的作业了。根据“My father wasn’t happy”可知,是忘记做作业,forget to do sth. 意为“忘记去做某事(还没做)”,故填to do。
25.Thanks to the rescue team’s timely help, all the hikers managed to the heavy snowstorm in the mountain. (survival)
【答案】survive
【详解】句意:多亏了救援队的及时帮助,所有徒步者都成功地在山中挺过了这场严重的暴风雪。survival“生存;幸存”,名词。这里需要表达“从……中幸存下来”的动作,因此把名词survival变为动词survive。固定搭配manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”,此处用动词原形。故填survive。
26.I promised (improve) my English this year, so I practise it every day.
【答案】to improve
【详解】句意:我承诺今年要提高我的英语水平,所以每天我都练习。promise to do sth表示“承诺做某事”,不定式作宾语。故填to improve。
27.I want (go) to the zoo with my classmates.
【答案】to go
【详解】句意:我想和我的同学去动物园。根据“want”可知,want to do sth.“想要做某事”,空处使用动词不定式。故填to go。
28.Don’t worry. She (arrive) at the airport on time.
【答案】will arrive
【详解】句意:别担心,她会准时到达飞机场。根据“Don’t worry.”可知,她还未到达,应是一般将来时will do结构,故填will arrive。
29.Whether it rains or not, we (have) a picnic tomorrow.
【答案】will have
【详解】句意:无论明天下不下雨,我们都会去野餐。根据时间状语tomorrow可知,句子表示将来发生的事情,应用一般将来时;主语we,动词have用原形构成will have。故填will have。
30.— you ever (be) to the Potala Palace?
—No, but I (go) there with my family next summer.
【答案】 Have been will go
【详解】句意:——你曾经去过布达拉宫吗?——没有,但我明年夏天会和我的家人一起去那里。前一空,根据“ever”可知,此处询问过去的经历,应用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”。主语“you”为第二人称,故用Have;be的过去分词为been。后一空,根据时间状语“next summer”可知,动作发生在将来,应用一般将来时“will+动词原形”。故用will go。 故填Have;been;will go。
31.My parents (go) to Luoyang for a trip. They (come) back next week.
【答案】 have gone will come
【详解】句意:我父母去洛阳旅游了。他们下周回来。 根据句意可知第一空表示去了未回,用现在完成时have gone,主语My parents是复数,用have gone;第二空根据next week可知用一般将来时will come。 故填have gone;will come。
32.My brother (join) the community volunteer team next month.
【答案】will join/is going to join
【详解】句意:我哥哥下个月将加入社区志愿者团队。join“加入”,动词;根据时间状语“next month”可知,动作发生在将来,应用一般将来时“will+动词原形”或“is/are going to+动词原形”。主语“brother”为第三人称单数,故填will join/is going to join。
33.There (be) a big sports meeting in our school next Friday.
【答案】will be/is going to be
【详解】句意:下周五我们学校将有一场大型运动会。根据时间状语“next Friday”可知,本句需用一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时为there will be或there is/are going to be,此处主语为单数“a big sports meeting”,使用there will be或there is going to be均符合语法。故填will be/is going to be。
34.—When and where shall we (meet)?
—Let’s meet at 8:00 a.m. at the school gate tomorrow.
【答案】meet
【详解】句意:——我们什么时候在哪里见面?——我们明天早上8点在学校门口见面吧。meet“见面”,助动词shall后面加动词原形。故填meet。
35.We (attend) a lecture about famous western artists next Saturday.
【答案】will attend
【详解】句意:下周六我们将参加一个关于西方著名艺术家的讲座。根据“We…a lecture about famous western artists next Saturday.”及提示词可知,句子时态为一般将来时,因此,空处应用动词的一般将来时,attend“参加”,动词,一般将来时形式为will attend。故填will attend。
三、完成句子
36.My father is browsing the web now. (用tomorrow改写句子)
My father the web tomorrow.
【答案】 will browse
【详解】句意:我父亲此刻正在浏览网页。用“tomorrow”改写句子,需将时间状语改为将来时间,时态由现在进行时改为一般将来时“will browse”。故填will;browse。
37.She will get the book she buys on the Internet in two days. (对划线部分提问) she get the book she buys on the Internet?
【答案】 How soon will
【详解】句意:她将在两天内拿到她在网上买的书。对于划线部分“in two days”的提问应用how soon,表示对将来时间的提问,句首首字母要大写,原句情态动词will置于How soon之后。故填How;soon;will。
38.The students will learn about digital technology next week. (改为一般疑问句)
the students about digital technology next week?
【答案】 Will learn
【详解】句意:学生们下周将学习数字技术。原句是一般将来时(含助动词“will”),改为一般疑问句时需将“will”提前至句首,首字母要大写。谓语动词“learn”保持原形。故填Will;learn。
39.They will download some videos this evening. (改为否定句)
They any videos this evening.
【答案】 won’t download
【详解】句意:他们今晚将会下载一些视频。句子时态为一般将来时,改为否定句在will后面加not,will not缩写为won't,动词download“下载”,使用原形保持不变。故填won’t;download。
40.The volunteers will hold a charity activity next Sunday. (对划线部分提问)
the volunteers hold a charity activity?
【答案】 When will
【详解】句意:志愿者们将于下周日举办一场慈善活动。划线部分是next Sunday,表示时间,对时间提问用When;原句是一般将来时,疑问句中will需要提到主语the volunteers之前;句首字母大写。故填When;will。
41.There is an English speech contest every year. (用next year改写句子)
.
【答案】There is going to be an English speech contest next year./There will be an English speech contest next year.
【详解】句意:每年都有一次英语演讲比赛。根据“next year”可知,时态用一般将来时,结构为will do/be going to do。故填There is going to be an English speech contest next year./There will be an English speech contest next year.
42.The trip to Yunnan will take us about a week. (改为同义句)
We will about a week the trip to Yunnan.
【答案】 spend on
【详解】句意:去云南的这次旅行大约需要一周的时间。原句的主语是“the trip”,同义句的主语改成了“We”,当人作主语时,常用“spend…on…”来表示“花费时间在……上”,will接动词原形。故填spend;on。
43.He is going to climb Mount Tai with his friends. (改为一般疑问句)
he climb Mount Tai with his friends?
【答案】 Is going to
【详解】句意:他打算和朋友们一起去爬泰山。原句是“is going to”结构,改为一般疑问句,需将be动词is提前,其他保持不变。故填Is;going;to。
44.I will buy a new camera for the trip. (改为否定句)
I a new camera for the trip.
【答案】 won’t buy
【详解】句意:我会为这次旅行买一台新相机。原句是一般将来时,改为否定句,需在will后接not,缩写为won’t,其他保持不变。故填won’t;buy。
45.Will your brother join the football team next week? (作肯定回答)
Yes, .
【答案】 he will
【详解】句意:你哥哥下周会加入足球队吗?作肯定回答,原句以will开头提问,肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+will.”,这里主语是“your brother”,回答时用he指代。故填he;will。
46.她承诺会来。
She promised .
【答案】 to come
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处应用promise to do sth.表示“承诺做某事”;用come表示“来”,动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形。故填to;come。
47.努力忘掉你的恐惧,尽情享受吧!
Try and have fun!
【答案】 to forget your fears
【详解】根据中英文对照,空格处缺“忘掉你的恐惧”。“努力去做某事”用“try to do sth.”结构,“忘掉”是“forget”,“你的恐惧”是“your fears”。故填to;forget;your;fears。
48.我想培养一个新爱好,比如弹钢琴。
I want a new hobby, like playing the piano.
【答案】 to take up
【详解】对比中英文可知,空格处缺少“培养 (一个新爱好)”,其英文表达是take up a new hobby,其中take up“开始从事”,动词短语;want to do sth.“想要做某事”,固定搭配,因此这里应用动词不定式to take。故填to;take;up。
49.我们需要互相合作来完成这个项目。
We need each other to finish the project.
【答案】 to cooperate with
【详解】cooperate with“和……合作”,是动词短语,need to do sth“需要做某事”,故填to;cooperate;with。
50.我决定改变我的生活方式。
I my lifestyle.
【答案】 decide to change
【详解】根据中英文对照可知缺少“决定改变”,“决定做某事”decide to do sth,主语是I,时态是一般现在时,谓语动词用原形decide,“改变”change,不定式作宾语。故填decide;to;change。
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动词一般将来时以及动词不定式作宾语
· 思维导图:梳理脉络、整合知识、强化记忆。
· 知识讲解:抓住重点、细致讲解、全面掌握。
· 成果检测:学测结合,全面突破,提升素养。
·
一般将来时态
一般将来时的概念和使用场景:
陈述将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,或者陈述将来经常或反复发生的动作时,句子用一般将来时。
· I'll pick you up at 7 PM. 我7点接你。
· The train will arrive in 10 minutes. 火车10分钟后到。
· I'm going to start a new job next month. 我下个月要开始新工作。
· The traffic is going to be heavy during rush hour. 早晚高峰交通会拥堵。
(一)be going to构成的一般将来时
1、基本结构:“主语 + be(am/is/are)+ going to + 动词原形+其他。”
2、该结构表示的意义:
(1)表示已预先决定或安排的事,强调主观意图。
· I’m going to study abroad next year. (我计划留学。)
· We’re going to save money for a house. (我们打算存钱买房。)
(2)根据现有迹象推断即将发生的事。
· Look at the clouds! It’s going to rain. (乌云密布预示下雨。)
· The car is going to crash if he doesn’t slow down. (根据车速判断危险。)
3、句式变换:
(1)肯定式:主语 + be(am/is/are)+ going to + 动词原形+其他。
· She is going to buy that dress.(她打算买那件衣服。)
(2)否定句:主语 + be + not + going to + 动词原形+其他。
· She isn't going to buy that dress.(她不打算买那件衣服。)
(3)一般疑问句:—Be +主语 + going to + 动词原形+其他?
—Yes, 主语 + be. / No, 主语 + be + not.
· Is she going to buy that dress?(她打算买那件衣服吗?)
· —Are you going to attend the meeting?(你打算参加会议吗?)
—Yes, I am/No, they aren't.
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?
· What is she going to buy?(她打算买什么?)
(5)在There be中的使用:There be + going to + 动词原形 + 其他。
· There is going to be a party tonight.(今晚将有一个聚会。)
(二)由will构成的一般将来时
1、基本结构:
(1)肯定句:主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他。
· I'll buy you a gift. (我给你买礼物。)
· I shall never forget this. (我绝不会忘记。)
· He will win the race. (他会赢得比赛。)
(2)否定式:主语+will/shall+not+动词原形+其他。
· She won't attend the meeting.(她不会参加会议。)
(3)一般疑问句:Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 will/shall.
否定回答:No, 主语 will/shall+not.
· —Will you help me?(你们会帮我吗?)
—Yes, we will. / No, we will not. 是的,我们会的。/不,我们不会。
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词 + will/shall + 主语 + 动词原形 +其他?
· When will they arrive?(他们什么时候到?)
【注意】shall用于第一人称I(we) ; will可用于各人称。will常缩写为’ll与主语连写在一起,will not常缩写为won't,shall not 常缩写为shan't。
【注意一些特殊情况】
(1)有些表示位置移动的动词(如:go,come,leave等),用现在进行时表示将来。
· Uncle Wang is coming soon.王叔叔不久就要来了。
· She is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.她明天要去北京。
(2)在时间和条件状语从句中,都可用一般现在时表示将来。
· If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic.(如果明天不下雨,我们将出去野餐。)
· When the clock strikes 12, the party will begin.(钟敲12点时,派对开始)
· I’ll call you as soon as I land.(我落地后立刻给你打电话)
2、一般将来时的时间标志词。
表示将来的具体时间或模糊时间的一些词或从句:tomorrow、next +时间单位、in +一段时间、from now on、in the future、someday、soon、later。
· I’ll call you later.(我稍后给你打电话。)
· She will finish the report tomorrow.(她明天会完成这份报告。)
· We’ll travel to Japan next month.(我们下个月将去日本旅行。)
· The new model will launch in 2027.(新车型将于2027年推出。)
· When she arrives, we’ll start dinner.(她到后,我们就开始吃晚饭。)
3、be going to与will的对比辨析
be going to也表示一种将来的时态,但与will表示的将来时态有所不同
对比维度
be going to
will
计划性
预先计划或意图
临时决定或表示意愿
预测依据
有客观迹象
主观猜测
正式程度
更口语化,表具体计划
口语化或正式语境均可
4、其他形式的一般将来时。
结构“be(am/is/are) about to+动词原形”用来表示即将发生的事情,通常强调动作或事件非常接近,几乎要发生。这里避免与具体时间词连用(如tomorrow, next week),因“about to”本身已隐含“极近未来”。
· The storm is about to hit. 风暴即将来临。
· The plane is about to take off. Fasten your seatbelt.(飞机即将起飞,请系好安全带)
动词不定式作宾语
1、动词不定式基本形式是 to do,有些情况下可以省略“to”,其否定式是 在to之前加not (not to do,当to省略则not do)。
2、动词不定式作宾语:
动词不定式不能充当句子的谓语,可以充当多种其它的句子成分,如主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语和状语等。这里讲解不定式作宾语。
(1)动词不定式(短语)可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask,hope/wish/expect;agree/promise;demand;refuse;manage;decide;pretend;choose等。
· She hopes to travel to Japan next year.(她希望明年去日本旅行)
· He decided not to attend the meeting.(他决定不参加会议)
· We plan to open a new branch.(我们计划开设一家新分店。)
· They agreed to lower the price.(他们同意降低价格。)
· He advised me to study harder.(他建议我更加努力学习。)
(2)动词不定式可以和一些疑问词(what/where/how等)一起用作宾语。
· I don't know how to fix this computer.(我不知道如何修理这台电脑)
· We need to discuss what to do next.(我们需要讨论下一步做什么)
【拓展】
(1) 、如果and连接两个动词不定式,第二个动词不定式一般省“to”。
· He wants to go and have a swim with us. 他想和我们一起去游泳。
(2) 、若作宾语的动词不定式(短语)很长,可用it作形式宾语。
· I find it interesting to learn English with you. 我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。
一、单项选择
1.There ________ a classical music concert at Yunnan Opera Theatre next month.
A.are going to be B.is going to be C.have D.will have
2.—Jane and I ________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us?
—Sure. See you then.
A.had B.have had C.are going to have D.were having
3.—What’s your plan for your holidays?
—I ________ the science museum. There’s an AI show there.
A.visit B.am going to visit C.have visited D.visited
4.—What are you saving money for?
—Father’s Day is coming. I ________ a gift for my father.
A.buy B.am going to buy C.bought D.was buying
5.There are many dark clouds. It ________ soon.
A.will rain B.is going to rain C.rained D.rains
6.—What ________ you ________ tomorrow morning?
—I’m going to read English books.
A.will; do B.are; going to do C.do; do D.did; do
7.If you work hard, I’m sure you will ________ the work in a week.
A.be able to finish B.can finish
C.is able finish D.are able to finish
8.—Do you know the community library ________ free books to children next week?
—Yes! I’m going to get some storybooks for my little brother.
A.gives B.gave C.will give D.has given
9.We ________a party to celebrate the Spring Festival next week.
A.had B.have C.are having D.will have
10.—It’s said that a new kind of robot ________ soon. It can take care of the old.
—That’s amazing!
A.is invent B.will invent C.invents D.will be invented
11.________ a Zhangzhou Puppetry (布袋木偶戏) show next Monday.
A.There was B.There is C.There will be
12.—Linda, do you want to watch a movie with me this evening?
—Yes. But I need to finish my homework first and then I ________ you at the cinema.
A.meet B.don’t meet C.will meet D.won’t meet
13.Don’t give up. If you keep practicing, you ________ the piano well some day.
A.play B.will play C.played D.have played
14.I was ________ go out when it began to rain heavily.
A.ready to B.about to C.able to D.glad to
15.There ________ a football match on TV this evening.
A.is going to be B.was C.will have D.are going to be
16.When I saw my friend on the street, I stopped ______ to her.
A.to talk B.talking C.talk D.talked
17.My grandparents prefer ________ around the lake ________ themselves up after dinner.
A.to walk, cheering B.to walk, to cheer
C.walking, cheering D.walking, to cheer
18.You need ________ with your parents about the problems in your life. They are always ready to help you.
A.talk B.to talk C.talking D.talked
19.— You looked so sleepy this morning, Li Hong!
— Well, I finally managed ________ the habit of staying up late.
A.to break B.break C.breaking
20.—What beautiful flowers! I can’t decide ________ for my mother.
—For Mother’s Day, it can’t be better to take some carnations (康乃馨).
A.when to choose B.how to choose C.which to choose
二、单词拼写
21.Try (finish) the work before 5 o’clock this afternoon.
22.We decided (join) the volunteer activity to help clean up the park.
23.Would you like (come) with us?
24.My father wasn’t happy, because I forgot (do) my homework.
25.Thanks to the rescue team’s timely help, all the hikers managed to the heavy snowstorm in the mountain. (survival)
26.I promised (improve) my English this year, so I practise it every day.
27.I want (go) to the zoo with my classmates.
28.Don’t worry. She (arrive) at the airport on time.
29.Whether it rains or not, we (have) a picnic tomorrow.
30.— you ever (be) to the Potala Palace?
—No, but I (go) there with my family next summer.
31.My parents (go) to Luoyang for a trip. They (come) back next week.
32.My brother (join) the community volunteer team next month.
33.There (be) a big sports meeting in our school next Friday.
34.—When and where shall we (meet)?
—Let’s meet at 8:00 a.m. at the school gate tomorrow.
35.We (attend) a lecture about famous western artists next Saturday.
三、完成句子
36.My father is browsing the web now. (用tomorrow改写句子)
My father the web tomorrow.
37.She will get the book she buys on the Internet in two days. (对划线部分提问) she get the book she buys on the Internet?
38.The students will learn about digital technology next week. (改为一般疑问句)
the students about digital technology next week?
39.They will download some videos this evening. (改为否定句)
They any videos this evening.
40.The volunteers will hold a charity activity next Sunday. (对划线部分提问)
the volunteers hold a charity activity?
41.There is an English speech contest every year. (用next year改写句子)
.
42.The trip to Yunnan will take us about a week. (改为同义句)
We will about a week the trip to Yunnan.
43.He is going to climb Mount Tai with his friends. (改为一般疑问句)
he climb Mount Tai with his friends?
44.I will buy a new camera for the trip. (改为否定句)
I a new camera for the trip.
45.Will your brother join the football team next week? (作肯定回答)
Yes, .
46.她承诺会来。
She promised .
47.努力忘掉你的恐惧,尽情享受吧!
Try and have fun!
48.我想培养一个新爱好,比如弹钢琴。
I want a new hobby, like playing the piano.
49.我们需要互相合作来完成这个项目。
We need each other to finish the project.
50.我决定改变我的生活方式。
I my lifestyle.
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